CN113263168A - Pouring method of ladle - Google Patents
Pouring method of ladle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113263168A CN113263168A CN202110387793.7A CN202110387793A CN113263168A CN 113263168 A CN113263168 A CN 113263168A CN 202110387793 A CN202110387793 A CN 202110387793A CN 113263168 A CN113263168 A CN 113263168A
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- Prior art keywords
- ladle
- pouring
- liquid level
- liquid
- nozzle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pouring method of a ladle, which is used for a pouring device, wherein the pouring device comprises the ladle, the ladle comprises a ladle wall, the ladle wall surrounds and forms a containing cavity with one open side, and a pouring nozzle is formed at one end of the ladle wall; the ladle pouring method comprises the following steps: a. the ladle descends, part or all of the ladle is submerged into the liquid level, and the ladle scoops the liquid; b. the ladle rises away from the liquid level; c. the casting ladle moves to the position above a casting port of the mold, and the casting ladle rotates to cast liquid into the mold; d. after pouring is finished, the ladle is moved to the position above the liquid level, the ladle rotates to enable the height of the pouring nozzle to be lower than the heights of other parts of the ladle, then the ladle descends, and the pouring nozzle is submerged in the liquid level; e. the ladle is lifted and reset to the initial position. In the step d, the nozzle is submerged into the liquid surface after the pouring, and the high-temperature molten liquid in the furnace transfers heat to the residue to liquefy the residue back to the furnace, thereby reducing the residue remaining on the nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pouring research, in particular to a pouring method of a ladle.
Background
The pouring process is a process of scooping the molten metal liquid from the melting furnace using a ladle and pouring the liquid into the mold from a pouring gate of the mold. During pouring, due to the reasons of liquid cooling, wall hanging and the like, a part of liquid is remained in the ladle to form residues, and a part of residues can be formed at the position of a pouring nozzle of the ladle to influence the subsequent pouring process. If the shape of the pouring nozzle is changed due to the residues, the outflow speed of the liquid can be changed, the amount of the liquid entering the mold is insufficient, the outflow track of the liquid from the pouring nozzle can be changed, the liquid cannot be accurately poured into the pouring gate, waste is caused, and the liquid flowing out of the pouring gate has the risk of production safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a ladle pouring method which can reduce residues at the position of a pouring nozzle of a ladle.
According to the ladle pouring method provided by the invention, the ladle pouring method is used for a pouring device, the pouring device comprises a ladle, the ladle comprises a ladle wall, the ladle wall surrounds and forms a containing cavity with one open side, a pouring nozzle is formed at one end of the ladle wall, and the ladle pouring method is carried out according to the following steps:
a. the ladle descends, part or all of the ladle is submerged into the liquid level, and the ladle scoops the liquid;
b. the ladle rises away from the liquid level;
c. the casting ladle moves to the position above a casting port of the mold, and the casting ladle rotates to cast liquid into the mold;
d. after the pouring is finished, the ladle is moved to the position above the liquid level, and the ladle rotates to enable the height of the pouring nozzle to be lower than the heights of other parts of the ladle
And then the ladle descends, and the pouring nozzle is submerged in the liquid level;
e. the ladle is lifted and reset to the initial position.
The ladle pouring method provided by the invention at least has the following technical effects: in the step d, the nozzle is submerged into the liquid surface after the pouring, and the high-temperature molten liquid in the furnace transfers heat to the residue to liquefy the residue back to the furnace, thereby reducing the residue remaining on the nozzle.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the pouring nozzle is submerged in the liquid surface in step d and then stays in the liquid surface in step e, and a first waiting time is set, and the time of stay in step d is equal to the first waiting time.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ladle is submerged in the liquid surface in step a and then subjected to step b, and a second waiting time is set, wherein the duration of the stay in step a is equal to the second waiting time.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step a, the ladle is first rotated so that the actual volume of the chamber is less than the theoretical maximum volume, and then lowered so that the ladle is submerged.
Some embodiments according to the invention are characterized in that: in step b, after the ladle leaves the liquid level, the ladle rotates to increase the actual volume of the cavity.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step c, the ladle is rotated to pour liquid into the mould, and the ladle is rotated in a reverse direction to complete the pouring when the liquid in the cavity has not yet been drained.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a third waiting time is set, the time interval between ladle rotation and ladle counter-rotation in step c being equal to the third waiting time.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the depth of the nozzle submerging into the liquid level in step d is controlled by a first level sensor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the depth of submersion of the ladle into the liquid level in step a is controlled by a second level sensor.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ladle provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of one embodiment of a casting apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of one embodiment of a casting apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 3.
Reference numerals:
a guide rail 1, a frame 2, a connecting shaft 4, a connecting seat 5, a ladle 6,
A first driving link 31, a second driving link 32, a first driven link 33, a second driven link 34, a third driven link 35,
A nozzle 61, a first level sensor 71, and a second level sensor 72.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
According to the ladle pouring method provided by the invention, the ladle pouring method is used for a pouring device, and the pouring device comprises:
the ladle 6 comprises a ladle wall, the ladle wall surrounds and forms a cavity with an open upper part, and a pouring nozzle 61 is formed at one end of the ladle wall;
the ladle pouring method comprises the following steps:
a. the ladle 6 descends, part or all of the ladle 6 is submerged into the liquid level, and the ladle 6 ladles liquid;
b. the ladle 6 rises away from the liquid level;
c. the ladle 6 is moved to the position above a pouring gate of the mold, and the ladle 6 rotates to pour liquid into the mold;
d. after pouring is finished, the ladle 6 is moved to be above the liquid level, the ladle 6 rotates to enable the height of the pouring nozzle 61 to be lower than the height of other parts of the ladle 6, then the ladle 6 descends, and the pouring nozzle 61 sinks into the liquid level;
e. the ladle 6 is raised and returned to the initial position.
According to the ladle pouring method provided by the present invention, the step d is provided, so that the nozzle 61 is submerged at the liquid level after pouring, the high-temperature molten liquid in the furnace transfers heat to the residue, and the residue is liquefied and returned to the furnace, thereby reducing the residue remaining on the nozzle 61.
It will be appreciated that the temperature in the furnace is much higher than ambient, for example when casting a rotor of an electric machine from aluminium, the temperature of the molten aluminium can reach above 700 c, and that cooling of the liquid can occur rapidly as the liquid is transferred from the furnace to the ladle 6, subject to the temperature difference. Particularly, when the ladle 6 finishes pouring, the liquid remained in the ladle 6 has small volume and relatively large surface area, and is easier to cool to form residues. Some of the residue may adhere to the scoop wall, affecting the shape of the pouring spout 61, and some of the residue may not adhere to the scoop wall and, if not cleaned, may enter the mold with the next pour, affecting product quality. And d, cleaning the part of the pouring nozzle 61, so that the two types of residues at the position of the pouring nozzle 61 can be reduced, and the safety and the product quality are improved.
For the purposes of this description, the direction of the open side at which the actual volume of the chamber is at its maximum is defined as the direction directly above the ladle 6. When the ladle 6 is displaced from the upright orientation, the actual volume of the chamber decreases.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step d, the pouring nozzle 61 is immersed in the liquid surface and then stays in the liquid surface, and then step e is carried out, and a first waiting time is set, wherein the staying time in step d is equal to the first waiting time. The heat exchange can be ensured to be sufficient after the pouring nozzle stays for a certain time, and residues at the position of the pouring nozzle 61 can be better removed. It will be appreciated that the ladle 6 can be either stationary or mobile while in rest, provided that the contact time of the nozzle 61 with the liquid is guaranteed to be equal to the first waiting time.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ladle 6 is submerged in the liquid surface in step a and then subjected to step b, and a second waiting time is set, wherein the duration of the step a is equal to the second waiting time. The dipping of the ladle 6 into the liquid surface causes fluctuation of the liquid surface, and if the ladle 6 is immediately lifted, there may be a large error in the amount of liquid scooped each time, and if the error exceeds the compensation range of the mold design, there is a high possibility that a defective product is produced. By waiting for a certain time, the ladle 6 is lifted after the liquid level fluctuation is gentle, the error of scooping at each time can be reduced, and the yield of products is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step a, the ladle 6 is first rotated so that the actual volume of the chamber is less than the theoretical maximum volume, and then lowered so that the ladle 6 sinks into the liquid surface. It can be understood that the part of the upper edge of the spoon wall is ensured to be lower than the liquid level, so that the liquid can smoothly flow into the containing cavity. In some embodiments, in step b, after the ladle 6 leaves the liquid level, the ladle 6 is rotated to increase the actual volume of the chamber. At this time, the level of the liquid in the ladle 6 is lower than the upper edge of the ladle wall, so that the liquid in the ladle is not easy to spill in the subsequent movement process of the ladle 6.
For example, fig. 1 shows an embodiment of ladle 6, with ladle 6 leaving the furnace in the position shown in fig. 1, with the volume of liquid scooped by ladle 6 being less than the theoretical maximum volume and the level of liquid in ladle 6 being flush with the lowest edge of the ladle wall. After the ladle leaves the melting furnace, the ladle 6 is rotated to increase the actual volume, and the liquid level of the liquid is lower than the upper edge of the ladle wall, so that the liquid in the ladle is not easy to spill in the subsequent moving process of the ladle 6.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step c, the ladle 6 is rotated to pour liquid into the mould, and the ladle 6 is rotated in the opposite direction to complete the pouring when the liquid in the cavity has not yet run out. In some prior art techniques, the liquid in the ladle 6 is poured into the mould completely during pouring, and as the liquid in the ladle 6 gradually decreases, the outflow speed and the outflow angle of the liquid are more easily affected. For example, when the flow rate is small, the action effect of the adsorption force of the liquid on the spoon wall is stronger, the outflow route of the liquid is easy to change, the liquid cannot smoothly flow into the pouring gate, on one hand, waste is caused, and on the other hand, the risk of safety accidents is also caused. By scooping the liquid amount exceeding the amount required for the mold at the time of scooping, only a part of the liquid in the ladle 6 is poured at the time of pouring, and the occurrence of this can be effectively prevented.
In some embodiments, a third waiting time is set, the time interval between the rotation of the ladle 6 and the counter-rotation of the ladle 6 in step c being equal to the third waiting time. The third waiting time is set, so that the consistency of the liquid amount poured out during each pouring can be improved, specifically, a plurality of tests can be carried out during debugging of a production line, and then the appropriate third waiting time is determined, so that the poured out liquid amount is basically kept in the compensation range of the mold.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the depth of submersion of the nozzle 61 into the liquid level in step d is controlled by the first level sensor 71.
According to some embodiments of the invention the depth of submerging of the ladle 6 in step a into the liquid level is controlled by the second level sensor 72.
The ladle pouring method provided according to the present invention is described in detail in a specific embodiment with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5. It is to be understood that the following description is only exemplary, and not a specific limitation of the invention.
The pouring device in the embodiment shown in the attached drawings adopts the pouring method of the ladle provided by the invention, and the pouring device comprises a guide rail 1, a frame 2, a mechanical arm, a connecting shaft 4, a connecting seat 5 and a ladle 6.
The frame 2 is arranged on the guide rail 1, and the frame 2 can move along the guide rail 1. The axis of movement is defined as the Z-axis.
The mechanical arm is arranged on the rack 2, a driving element for driving the mechanical arm is arranged in the rack 2, the mechanical arm comprises a five-link mechanism, the five-link mechanism comprises a first driving rod 31 and a second driving rod 32, the first driving rod 31 and the second driving rod 32 are hinged to the rack 2, the first driving rod 31 and the second driving rod 32 are used for driving the mechanical arm to move on a plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the Z axis. The five-link mechanism comprises a first driven rod 33, a second driven rod 34 and a third driven rod 35, one end of the first driven rod 33 and the first driving rod 31 are hinged to the same position of the rack 2, the other end of the first driven rod 33 is hinged to one end of the third driven rod 35, the other end of the third driven rod 35 is provided with a connecting shaft 4, one end of the second driven rod 34 is hinged to the first driving rod 31, the other end of the second driven rod 34 is hinged between two ends of the third driven rod 35, and the second driving rod 32 is hinged between two ends of the second driven rod 34.
The third driven rod 35 is provided with a first liquid level sensor 71 and a second liquid level sensor 72, the first liquid level sensor 71 and the second liquid level sensor 72 are contact type liquid level sensors, wherein the two first liquid level sensors 71 are arranged at the same height, and when the first liquid level sensors 71 are inserted into the metal liquid, the two first liquid level sensors 71 are conducted, so that the liquid level information is fed back. The second liquid level sensor 72 is higher than the first liquid level sensor 71, and when the second liquid level sensor 72 is inserted into the metal liquid, the first liquid level sensor 71 and the second liquid level sensor 72 are conducted. It will be understood that the height herein refers to the height when the ladle 6 is performing a scooping action.
The pouring device performs primary pouring according to the following steps:
a. the ladle 6 rotates to enable the actual volume of the containing cavity to be smaller than the theoretical maximum volume, the ladle 6 descends until the second liquid level sensor 72 sends a stop signal, the part of the ladle 6 is submerged into the liquid level, the ladle 6 ladles out liquid, a second waiting time is set, the ladle 6 stays in the liquid level after ladling, and the staying time length is equal to the second waiting time;
b. the ladle 6 rises away from the liquid level, and the ladle 6 rotates to increase the actual volume of the containing cavity;
c. the ladle 6 is moved to the position above a pouring gate of the mold, the ladle 6 rotates to pour liquid into the mold, a third waiting time is set, the ladle 6 reversely rotates after the third waiting time to finish pouring, and a certain amount of liquid is still remained in the ladle 6 at the moment;
d. after pouring is finished, the ladle 6 is moved to a position above the liquid level, the ladle 6 rotates to enable the height of the nozzle 61 to be lower than the heights of other parts of the ladle 6, liquid reserved in the ladle 6 flows back to the smelting furnace, then the ladle 6 descends until the first liquid level sensor 71 sends out a stop signal, the nozzle 61 sinks into the liquid level and stays, a first waiting time is set, and the staying time is equal to the first waiting time;
e. the ladle 6 is raised and returned to the initial position.
According to the ladle pouring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least some functions can be realized by adopting the design: in the step d, the nozzle 61 is submerged after the pouring, and the high-temperature molten liquid in the furnace transfers heat to the residue to liquefy the residue back to the furnace, thereby washing away the residue remaining on the nozzle 61.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A ladle pouring method, wherein the ladle pouring method is used in a pouring apparatus comprising:
the ladle (6), the said ladle (6) includes the wall of the spoon, the said spoon wall surrounds and forms the open holding chamber of one side, one end of the said spoon wall is shaped with the pouring nozzle (61);
the ladle pouring method comprises the following steps:
a. the ladle (6) descends, part or all of the ladle (6) is submerged into the liquid level, and the ladle (6) ladles out liquid;
b. the ladle (6) rises to leave the liquid level;
c. the casting ladle (6) is moved to the position above a casting port of the mold, and the casting ladle (6) rotates to cast liquid into the mold;
d. after pouring is finished, the ladle (6) is moved to a position above the liquid level, the ladle (6) rotates to enable the height of the nozzle (61) to be lower than the heights of other parts of the ladle (6), then the ladle (6) descends, and the nozzle (61) sinks into the liquid level;
e. the ladle (6) is lifted and reset to the initial position.
2. The ladle pouring method as recited in claim 1, wherein: in step d, the pouring nozzle (61) stays in the liquid level after being submerged, and then step e is carried out, a first waiting time is set, and the staying time in step d is equal to the first waiting time.
3. The ladle pouring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step a, the ladle (6) is immersed into the liquid level and then stays in the liquid level, and then the step b is carried out, a second waiting time is set, and the staying time in the step a is equal to the second waiting time.
4. The ladle pouring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in step a, the ladle (6) is first rotated so that the actual volume of the chamber is less than the theoretical maximum volume, and then lowered so that the ladle (6) sinks to the surface.
5. The ladle pouring method as recited in claim 4, wherein: in step b, after the ladle (6) leaves the liquid level, the ladle (6) rotates to increase the actual volume of the cavity.
6. The ladle pouring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step c, the ladle (6) rotates to pour liquid into the mould, and when the liquid in the cavity is not completely poured, the ladle (6) rotates reversely to finish pouring.
7. The ladle pouring method as recited in claim 6, wherein: setting a third waiting time, the time interval between the rotation of the ladle (6) and the reverse rotation of the ladle (6) in step c being equal to the third waiting time.
8. The ladle pouring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the depth of the pouring nozzle (61) submerged into the liquid level in the step d is controlled by the first liquid level sensor (71).
9. The ladle pouring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the depth of submerging the ladle (6) into the liquid level in step a is controlled by a second level sensor (72).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110387793.7A CN113263168B (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-04-12 | Pouring method of ladle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110387793.7A CN113263168B (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-04-12 | Pouring method of ladle |
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| CN113263168A true CN113263168A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
| CN113263168B CN113263168B (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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