CN220805419U - Slag-free pouring structure of monocrystalline or directional solidification casting - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slag-free pouring structure of a monocrystalline or directional solidification casting, which aims to effectively prevent scum from flowing into a casting cavity and reduce impurities in the casting. The utility model provides a slag-free pouring structure of a monocrystalline or directionally solidified casting, which comprises a directionally solidified furnace and a ceramic mould shell, wherein the ceramic mould shell is arranged on a lifting platform of the directionally solidified furnace, the directionally solidified furnace is provided with a hot chamber and a cold chamber, the top of the ceramic mould shell is provided with a pouring cup, a tundish funnel is arranged right above the pouring cup at the top of the hot chamber, a plug is arranged in a funnel mouth of the tundish funnel, a top block aligned to the plug is arranged on the ceramic mould shell, the lifting platform drives the ceramic mould shell to jack the plug in the lifting process of the hot chamber, so that purified alloy liquid in the tundish funnel flows into the pouring cup through the funnel mouth.

Description

Slag-free pouring structure of monocrystalline or directional solidification casting

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of investment casting, and particularly relates to a slag-free pouring structure of a monocrystalline or directional solidification casting.

Background

Existing single crystal or directional casting manufacturing process flows generally include the steps of: pressing a wax mould, combining the wax moulds, preparing a mould shell, and smelting and pouring to obtain a single crystal or directional casting; in the smelting and pouring process of the alloy, pouring is realized by tilting a crucible, and scum floating on the alloy liquid is poured into a die shell casting cavity first. Because the filter screen is arranged, the liquid slag inclusion cannot be prevented, and therefore, the inclusion defect in the casting is unavoidable.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model mainly aims to provide a slag-free pouring structure of a monocrystalline or directional solidification casting, which aims to effectively prevent scum from flowing into a casting cavity and reduce inclusion defects in the casting.

Therefore, the slag-free pouring structure of the monocrystalline or directionally solidified castings provided by the utility model comprises a directionally solidified furnace and a ceramic mould shell, wherein the ceramic mould shell is arranged on a lifting platform of the directionally solidified furnace, the directionally solidified furnace is provided with a hot chamber and a cold chamber, a pouring cup is arranged at the top of the ceramic mould shell, a tundish funnel is arranged right above the pouring cup at the top of the hot chamber, a plug is arranged in a funnel mouth of the tundish funnel, a top block aligned with the plug is arranged on the ceramic mould shell, and the top block can jack the plug when the lifting platform drives the ceramic mould shell to lift in the hot chamber, so that alloy liquid in the tundish funnel flows into the pouring cup through the funnel mouth.

Specifically, a plug rod which extends out of the hopper mouth and is matched with the top block is formed below the plug, the plug at the upper part of the plug rod is in conical surface contact with the hopper mouth, and a liquid leakage gap is formed when the plug rod is separated from the hopper mouth.

Specifically, the top block is fixedly arranged in the pouring cup.

Specifically, when the lifting platform drives the ceramic mould shell to move downwards in the hot chamber, the blockage can be automatically reset to block the hopper mouth again.

Specifically, the plug is a conical ceramic plug, and the top block is a strip-shaped ceramic block, so that the alloy liquid is not prevented from flowing down.

Specifically, the ceramic mould shell is provided with a pouring channel and a casting cavity, and a pouring opening of the pouring cup is communicated with the casting cavity through the pouring channel.

Specifically, the pouring opening of the pouring cup is directly aligned to and communicated with the vertical middle column pipe of the ceramic mould shell, a plurality of casting cavities are uniformly distributed around the vertical middle column pipe, and each casting cavity is communicated with the side part of the upper end of the vertical middle column pipe through one pouring channel.

Specifically, the top of the hot chamber is provided with a furnace cover which can be opened and closed and can cover the tundish funnel.

Specifically, the ceramic mould shell and the pouring cup are integrally formed.

The utility model also provides a slag-free pouring method of the monocrystalline or directional solidification casting, which adopts the slag-free pouring structure and comprises the following steps:

(1) Lifting the ceramic mould shell into a first position of a hot chamber by using a lifting table for preheating, and melting alloy materials by using a crucible;

(2) Pouring alloy liquid into a tundish funnel, and standing for a certain time to enable impurities to float to the surface of a molten pool;

(3) The ceramic mould shell is driven by the lifting table to continuously lift to the second position of the hot chamber, in the process, the top block pushes up the plug, and the funnel mouth of the tundish funnel is opened;

(4) Alloy liquid flows into the ceramic mould shell along the funnel mouth for filling, impurities floating on the surface of the molten pool finally flow down, float on the upper surface of the pouring cup liquid and do not enter the casting cavity;

(5) Then the ceramic mould shell is lowered from the hot chamber to the cold chamber, and the metal liquid in the mould shell is directionally solidified.

Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the scum is prevented from flowing into the cavity, and the inclusion in the casting is reduced;

2. The casting drop is reduced, the impact splashing of the molten liquid is prevented, the stable filling is ensured, and the mold core is protected;

3. The purification time of the molten metal in the tundish can be accurately controlled, so that the impurities fully float upwards.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic preheating illustration of a ceramic mold shell provided by an embodiment of the utility model in a directional solidification furnace;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of pouring alloy liquid into a tundish funnel through a crucible provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a ceramic formwork driving a top block to move upwards;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ceramic formwork provided by an embodiment of the utility model, wherein a top block is driven to move upwards to open and fill a plug;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of ceramic die downward directional solidification provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

Wherein: 1. ceramic mould shell; 2. a lifting table; 3. a hot chamber; 4. a cold room; 5. a pouring cup; 6. a tundish funnel; 7. blocking; 8. a top block; 9. a plug rod; 10. a furnace cover; 11. a pouring channel; 12. casting cavity; 13. a vertical middle column tube; 14. inclusion; 15. alloy liquid; 16. and a crucible.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, a slag-free pouring structure of a single crystal or directional solidification casting comprises a directional solidification furnace and a ceramic mould shell 1, wherein the ceramic mould shell 1 is arranged on a lifting table 2 of the directional solidification furnace, the directional solidification furnace is provided with a hot chamber 3 and a cold chamber 4, a pouring cup 5 is arranged at the top of the ceramic mould shell 1, a tundish funnel 6 is arranged right above the pouring cup 5 at the top of the hot chamber 3, a plug 7 is arranged in a funnel mouth of the tundish funnel 6, a top block 8 aligned with the plug 7 is arranged on the ceramic mould shell 1, and when the lifting table 2 drives the ceramic mould shell 1 to lift in the hot chamber 3, the top block 8 can jack the plug 7 so that alloy liquid 15 in the tundish funnel 6 flows into the pouring cup 5 through the funnel mouth. The directional solidification furnace is a vacuum furnace, and the specific structure of the directional solidification furnace is the prior art and is not described herein.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, when casting single crystal superalloy by the above slag-free casting structure, firstly placing ceramic mold shell 1 on a water cooling plate of lifting table 2, preheating ceramic mold shell 1 by lifting table 2 into a first position of hot chamber 3, and melting alloy by crucible 16; then pouring the alloy liquid into a tundish funnel 6 for standing for a set time to enable the inclusions 14 (scum) to float upwards, so as to realize standing purification of the alloy liquid (about 1-3min in the purification process); after the purification is finished, the ceramic mould shell 1 is driven by the lifting table 2 to continuously ascend to the second position of the hot chamber 3, and in the process, the top block 8 pushes the plug 7 to open the funnel mouth of the tundish funnel 6; after the funnel mouth is opened, alloy liquid flows into the pouring cup 5 along the funnel mouth, and finally the mold shell is filled, and the alloy liquid finally flows down and floats on the upper surface of the pouring cup 5 without entering the casting cavity 12; finally, the ceramic mould shell 1 is lowered from the hot chamber 3 to the cold chamber 4, and directional solidification is completed.

This embodiment has the following advantages: 1) The scum is prevented from flowing into the cavity, and the inclusion in the casting is reduced; 2) The casting drop is reduced, the impact splashing of the molten liquid is prevented, the stable filling is ensured, and the mold core is protected; 3) The purification time of the molten metal in the tundish can be accurately controlled.

It can be understood that in practical application, when the lifting platform 2 drives the ceramic formwork 1 to move downwards in the hot chamber 3, the plug 7 can be automatically reset to plug the hopper mouth again, so that when casting is performed next time, the furnace cover 10 is directly opened to pour alloy liquid into the tundish funnel 6, the alloy liquid can be subjected to standing purification, the new plug 7 is not required to be replaced, and the operation efficiency is high.

Specifically, in order to effectively ensure the plugging performance of the plug 7, a plug rod 9 which extends out of the funnel mouth and is matched with the top block 8 is formed below the plug 7, a liquid leakage gap is formed between the plug 7 and the funnel mouth in a conical surface contact manner during separation, when the lifting platform 2 drives the ceramic mould shell 1 to rise to the second position, the top block 8 pushes the plug rod 9 to jack the plug 7, and alloy liquid leaks out from the liquid leakage gap between the plug rod 9 and the funnel mouth.

In this embodiment, the cock stem 9 hangs in the below of blocking 7, utilizes the suspension force that cock stem 9 provided, with blocking 7 fastening on the funnel mouth, and then guarantees the reliability of shutoff, and the alloy liquid will block up to dash out when effectively preventing the pouring, causes the shutoff inefficacy, is the conical surface contact between blocking 7 and the funnel mouth simultaneously, drives ceramic mould shell 1 at elevating platform 2 and moves down for when kicking block 8 breaks away from blocking 7, and blocking 7 can be automatic fastening on the funnel mouth under the suspension force effect that cock stem 9 provided. Of course, the plug 7 can also be automatically reset by its own weight.

Specifically, the top block 8 can be fixed and horizontally arranged in the pouring cup 5, the plug 7 and the plug rod 9 can be manufactured in an integrated forming mode, and the top block 8 and the plug rod 9 can be manufactured by adopting the same material as the casting ceramic core, such as alumina ceramic and the like. Of course, the plug 7 and the plug rod 9 may be separately manufactured and then fixedly connected, wherein the plug may be tapered, and the top block may be elongated, so as not to interfere with the flow of the alloy liquid.

It should be explained that in practical design, the top of the hot chamber 3 may be additionally provided with a furnace cover 10 which can be opened and closed and can cover the tundish funnel 6, an insulating layer is arranged on the inner side of the furnace cover 10, and the furnace cover 10 covers the top of the tundish funnel 6 during the standing and purifying process of the alloy liquid to prevent heat loss. In addition, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, the ceramic mould shell 1 and the pouring cup 5 are integrally formed, namely, the ceramic mould shell 1 is obtained by preparing a pouring channel wax mould, a casting cavity wax mould and a pouring cup wax mould, assembling the mould and then manufacturing a shell.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a ceramic mold shell 1 has a pouring channel 11 and casting cavities 12, a pouring opening of a pouring cup 5 is communicated with the casting cavities 12 through the pouring channel 11, the pouring opening of the pouring cup 5 is directly aligned with a vertical middle column tube 13 communicated with the ceramic mold shell 1, a plurality of casting cavities 12 are uniformly distributed around the vertical middle column tube 13, and each casting cavity 12 is communicated with the upper end side part of the vertical middle column tube 13 through one pouring channel 11. The design ensures that a plurality of castings can be obtained by casting one furnace, and the production efficiency is high.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a method for slag-free pouring of a single crystal or directionally solidified casting comprises the steps of:

(1) The ceramic mould shell 1 is lifted into a first position of a hot chamber 3 by a lifting table 2 for preheating, and alloy materials are melted by a crucible 16;

(2) Pouring the alloy liquid into a tundish funnel 6, standing for a set time, and floating the inclusions;

(3) The ceramic mould shell 1 is driven by the lifting table 2 to continuously ascend to the second position of the hot chamber 3, in the process, the top block 8 pushes the plug 7 through the plug rod, and the funnel mouth of the tundish funnel 6 is opened;

(4) Alloy liquid flows into the ceramic mould shell 1 along the funnel mouth for filling, impurities floating on the alloy liquid flow down finally, float on the upper surface of the pouring cup 5 and do not enter the casting cavity 12;

(5) Then the ceramic mould shell 1 is lowered from the hot chamber 3 to the cold chamber 4, and the directional solidification of the alloy liquid is completed.

Any of the above-described embodiments of the present utility model disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, if they disclose a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art: the preferred numerical ranges are merely those of the many possible numerical values where technical effects are more pronounced or representative. Since the numerical values are more and cannot be exhausted, only a part of the numerical values are disclosed to illustrate the technical scheme of the utility model, and the numerical values listed above should not limit the protection scope of the utility model.

Meanwhile, if the above utility model discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected with each other, the fixed connection may be understood as follows unless otherwise stated: detachably fixed connection (e.g. using bolts or screws) can also be understood as: the non-detachable fixed connection (e.g. riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection may also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g. integrally formed using a casting process) (except for obviously being unable to use an integral forming process).

In addition, terms used in any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure to express positional relationship or shape have meanings including a state or shape similar to, similar to or approaching thereto unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the utility model can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.

The above examples are only illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to be limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Nor is it necessary or impossible to exhaust all embodiments herein. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a single crystal or directional solidification foundry goods no sediment pouring structure, includes directional solidification stove and ceramic mould shell (1), ceramic mould shell (1) are laid on elevating platform (2) of directional solidification stove, directional solidification stove has hot chamber (3) and cold chamber (4), its characterized in that: the top of ceramic mould shell (1) has pouring basin (5), be located at hot chamber (3) top pouring basin (6) are installed directly over pouring basin (5), be equipped with in the funnel mouth of pouring basin funnel (6) and block up (7), install on ceramic mould shell (1) aim at kicking block (8) of blocking up (7), elevating platform (2) drive ceramic mould shell (1) when rising in hot chamber (3), kicking block (8) can with block up (7) top is opened, so that alloy liquid in pouring basin funnel (6) warp the funnel mouth flows in pouring basin (5).

2. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 1 wherein: when the lifting table (2) drives the ceramic mould shell (1) to move downwards in the hot chamber (3), the blockage (7) can automatically reset to block the hopper mouth.

3. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 2 wherein: a plug rod (9) which extends out of the hopper mouth and is matched with the top block (8) is formed below the plug (7), the plug (7) is in conical surface contact with the hopper mouth, and a liquid leakage gap is formed during separation.

4. A single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure as in claim 3 wherein: the top block (8) is fixedly arranged in the pouring cup (5).

5. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 1 wherein: the plug (7) is a conical ceramic plug, and the top block (8) is a strip-shaped ceramic block.

6. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 1 wherein: the top of the hot chamber (3) is provided with a furnace cover (10) which can be opened and closed and can cover the tundish funnel (6).

7. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 1 wherein: the ceramic mould shell (1) and the pouring cup (5) are integrally formed.

8. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the ceramic mould shell (1) is provided with a pouring channel (11) and a casting cavity (12), and a pouring opening of the pouring cup (5) is communicated with the casting cavity (12) through the pouring channel (11).

9. The single crystal or directionally solidified cast slag free pouring structure of claim 8 wherein: the pouring opening of the pouring cup (5) is directly aligned to and communicated with a vertical middle column pipe (13) of the ceramic mould shell (1), a plurality of casting cavities (12) are uniformly distributed around the vertical middle column pipe (13), and each casting cavity (12) is communicated with the upper end side part of the vertical middle column pipe (13) through one pouring channel (11).