CN113261432A - Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device - Google Patents

Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113261432A
CN113261432A CN202110662554.8A CN202110662554A CN113261432A CN 113261432 A CN113261432 A CN 113261432A CN 202110662554 A CN202110662554 A CN 202110662554A CN 113261432 A CN113261432 A CN 113261432A
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China
Prior art keywords
cleaning device
sunflower
cleaning
power
cross
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Inventor
李斌
孙晓晓
王士国
刘洋
牛国梁
王涛
董云成
高小龙
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Shihezi University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
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Shihezi University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
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Priority to CN202110662554.8A priority Critical patent/CN113261432A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
    • A01F12/446—Sieving means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/48—Air conduits or blowers for grain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/56—Driving mechanisms for the threshing parts

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a test bed and a test method of a through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device in the technical field of agricultural machinery. The invention utilizes the cleaning principle of combining the cross-flow fan and the vibrating screen, and has the functions of cleaning sundries of the threshing objects of the edible sunflower seeds and collecting the edible sunflower seeds at one time, thereby further carrying out experimental study on the cleaning rate and the loss rate of the edible sunflower seeds, analyzing working parameters influencing the cleaning performance of the cross-flow fan screen type edible sunflower cleaning device and carrying out optimization test on the working parameters. The invention has simple structure, reasonable design, convenient operation, high cleaning rate of the food sunflower seeds and low breakage rate, and can achieve good cleaning effect. The method can realize the cleaning of the food sunflower threshed objects, and has clear operation flow and high cleaning efficiency.

Description

Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a test bed and a test method of a through-flow air screen type edible sunflower cleaning device.
Background
The cleaning device is an important component of the edible sunflower harvester, the performance of the cleaning device directly influences the quality of important technical indexes such as seed cleaning rate, seed loss rate and the like, the difference of agricultural morphological characteristics of each component of the edible sunflower crop is obvious, the aerodynamic characteristics are complex, great difficulty is brought to separation and cleaning, and the field test of the edible sunflower harvester is limited by factors such as fields, weather, operators and the types of the edible sunflower, so that the field test of the edible sunflower harvester is more difficult.
Based on the test bed and the test method, the invention designs the through-flow air-screen type sunflower seed cleaning device test bed and the test method, which are used for carrying out test research on the seed cleaning rate and the seed loss rate of the through-flow air-screen type sunflower seed cleaning device, analyzing working parameters influencing the cleaning performance of the through-flow air-screen type sunflower seed cleaning device and carrying out optimization test on the working parameters, improving the cleaning rate of sunflower seed seeds, reducing the loss rate of sunflower seeds and providing scientific theoretical basis for the technical problem of cleaning and cleaning the sunflower seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test bed and a test method of a through-flow air screen type edible sunflower seed cleaning device, which have the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and convenient operation, and are used for carrying out test research on the cleaning rate of edible sunflower seeds and the loss rate of the edible sunflower seeds of the through-flow air screen type edible sunflower seed cleaning device, analyzing working parameters influencing the cleaning performance of the through-flow air screen type edible sunflower seed cleaning device and carrying out optimization test on the working parameters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a through-flow air screen formula is eaten sunflower cleaning plant test bench, includes frame, cleaning plant, feeding case, connects the workbin, power sprocket device, shale shaker eccentric shaft combination, power input device, its characterized in that: fixedly connected with cleaning plant in the frame, cleaning plant's left side below is equipped with and connects the workbin, feeding case fixed connection is in the frame upper left side, shale shaker eccentric shaft combination fixed connection is in cleaning plant's right side below, power sprocket device passes through the motion of power input device drive cleaning plant.
The installation position of the cleaning device can be adjusted left and right. The left and right adjusting positions are convenient for adjusting the area of the vibrating screen of the cleaning device after the test optimization of the working parameters of the through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.
The feeding box can be freely disassembled, and the feeding box is provided with a guide plate which is obliquely arranged in a left-high-right direction. After the disassembly feeding box is convenient for optimizing the test of the working parameters of the through-flow air screen type edible sunflower cleaning device, the height of the cleaning device is adjusted, and the guide plates are obliquely arranged at the left high and the right low so as to be convenient for feeding the edible sunflower threshed objects into the cleaning device better.
The left side below of cleaning plant is equipped with and is the high right low form slope of left side and place and connect the workbin, connects the workbin and can freely dismantle. The feed receiving port is obliquely arranged in a left-high and right-low mode, so that cleaned edible sunflower seeds can be conveniently collected, and the feed receiving box is detached and is convenient to timely adjust when blockage occurs in the process of collecting the edible sunflower seeds.
The material receiving box is provided with a material stopping plate which is vertically inserted into the material receiving box and can be drawn out at any time. The material stopping plate is used for stopping the discharge of the edible sunflower seeds from the material receiving port, and the material stopping plate is drawn out to facilitate the collection of the edible sunflower seeds at any time.
The rack is fixedly connected with a power chain wheel device, and all parts of the power chain wheel device are connected by chains.
The power input device can drive the cross-flow fan and the power chain wheel device to operate simultaneously.
The test method for cleaning the threshing objects of the edible sunflower by the test bed of the through-flow air-screen type edible sunflower cleaning device comprises the following steps:
1) turning on a power input motor;
2) feeding the food sunflower seeds into a feeding box;
3) a guide plate in the feeding box feeds the food sunflower threshing product into a cleaning device;
4) a shaking plate in the cleaning device shakes off the food sunflower threshed objects to an upper screen, a cross-flow fan blows sundries such as light stems and sunflower discs out of the cleaning device, the upper screen separates long stems from sundries with larger shapes, food sunflower seeds and sundries with smaller shapes fall into a lower screen, and the food sunflower seeds fall into a material receiving box under the combined action of air flow and the lower screen;
5) and (4) drawing out the material stopping plate, enabling the food sunflower seeds to flow out of the discharge hole, and collecting the food sunflower seeds.
The required power of the vibrating screen is as follows:
Figure BDA0003115939100000031
in the formula: n is power, and the unit is kW; qsThe unit is kg/s for the food sunflower threshing material entering the cleaning device; n is a radical ofpThe unit of power required by the vibrating screen per unit productivity is kW/(kg · s)-1) Wherein the upper sieve is 0.5, and the lower sieve is 0.3; η is coefficient, η is 0.9.
The height h of the air outlet of the cross-flow fan and the blowing direction angle
Figure BDA0003115939100000032
It should satisfy:
Figure BDA0003115939100000033
in the formula: h is the height of the air outlet and the unit is mm; k is coefficient, K is 0.5; l is the total length of the sieve and the unit is mm;
Figure BDA0003115939100000034
the included angle between the air flow and the screen surface is not more than 45 degrees at most.
The required power of the cross-flow fan is as follows:
Figure BDA0003115939100000035
in the formula: h is total pressure and has a unit of Pa; hdIs dynamic pressure, in Pa; hjIs static pressure in Pa; q is the gas flow and has the unit of L/s; v is wind speed, and the unit is mm/s; h is the height of the air outlet and the unit is mm; b is the width of the air outlet, and the unit is mm; n is power, and the unit is kW; eta is the fan efficiency, and eta is 0.5; etamFor mechanical transmission efficiency, ηm＝0.95。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the edible sunflower seeds after threshing is separated out and is cleaned by feeding box feeding cleaning device, cleaning device is to the edible sunflower seeds that are separated out, the edible sunflower seeds after cleaning fall into the material receiving box that the below was placed to the slope, the guide plate in the feeding box has accelerated the feeding speed that the edible sunflower seeds were separated out, edible sunflower seeds are by the separation of material stopping plate in the material receiving box, can take out the material stopping plate at any time and collect edible sunflower seeds and carry out experimental analysis, feeding box and the free dismantlement that connects the material receiving box, the adjustment of working parameter is carried out to cleaning device after the experimental analysis of being convenient for, thereby improve edible sunflower seeds cleanness rate, reduce the breakage rate of edible sunflower seeds.
2. The power input motor of the power input device drives the power chain wheel device and the cross-flow fan to operate, the power chain wheel device drives the vibrating screen eccentric shaft to move in a combined mode, the cleaning device performs cleaning operation under the combined action of the cross-flow fan and the vibrating screen eccentric shaft, the test bed structure is simplified due to the reduction of the power input device, operation is more convenient, the power chain wheel device adopts chain transmission, the structure is compact, operation is reliable, operation efficiency is high, and the cleaning device can work under a severe working environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gantry;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bearing seat of an eccentric shaft of the vibrating screen;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cleaning plant;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a feed box;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the feed box;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a receiving box;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of the material receiving box;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a power sprocket apparatus;
figure 10 is a schematic view of a vibrating screen eccentric shaft assembly.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-frame, 2-main frame, 3-main frame cross beam, 4-main frame longitudinal beam, 5-main frame width, 6-supporting cross beam, 7-supporting longitudinal beam, 8-power sprocket first longitudinal beam, 9-power sprocket second longitudinal beam, 10-power sprocket cross beam, 11-fan frame, 12-fan main frame, 13-fan subframe, 14-feed inlet support, 15-motor base, 16-vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing base, 17-vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing base main plate, 18-vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing base side plate, 19-cleaning device, 20-shaking plate, 21-upper screen, 22-lower screen, 23-rocking bar driving device, 24-single arm rocking bar, 25-double arm rocking bar, 26-single arm rocking bar bearing base, 27-double-arm rocker bearing block, 28-crossflow blower, 29-crossflow blower bearing block, 30-crossflow blower pulley, 31-feed box, 32-feed box main plate, 33-feed box bottom plate, 34-feed box side plate, 35-feed box height, 36-guide plate, 37-feed box, 38-feed port, 39-discharge port, 40-baffle plate, 41-feed box support, 42-flat iron, 43-power sprocket device, 44-toothed wheel, 45-toothed wheel seat, 46-toothed wheel outer sprocket, 47-power wheel first inner sprocket, 48-power wheel first outer sprocket, 49-power wheel first inner sprocket seat, 50-power wheel second inner sprocket, 51-power wheel second outer sprocket, 52-power wheel second inner chain wheel base, 53-power wheel belt pulley, 54-vibrating screen eccentric shaft combination, 55-vibrating screen eccentric shaft, 56-vibrating screen eccentric shaft vertical bearing, 57-vibrating screen eccentric shaft belt pulley, 58-power input device and 59-power input motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the utility model provides a through-flow air screen formula edible sunflower cleaning plant test bench includes frame 1, cleaning plant 19, feeding box 31 connects the workbin 37, power sprocket device 43, shale shaker eccentric shaft combination 54, power input device 58, fixedly connected with cleaning plant 19 on the frame 1, cleaning plant 19's left side below is equipped with and connects the workbin 37, feeding box 31 fixed connection is in the upper left side of frame 1, shale shaker eccentric shaft combination 54 fixed connection is in cleaning plant 19's right side below, power sprocket device 43 passes through power input device 58 drive cleaning plant 19 and moves.
Wherein, frame 1 includes main frame 2, fan frame 11, motor cabinet 15 and shale shaker eccentric shaft bearing frame 16. The main frame 2 comprises a main frame cross beam 3, a main frame longitudinal beam 4, a main frame width 5, a supporting cross beam 6, a supporting longitudinal beam 7, a power chain wheel first longitudinal beam 8, a power chain wheel second longitudinal beam 9 and a power chain wheel cross beam 10, the head and tail ends of the main frame longitudinal beam 4 are vertically welded with the main frame cross beam 3, the main frame width 5 is uniformly and vertically fixedly welded between the main frame cross beams 3, the head and tail ends of the supporting cross beam 6 are fixedly welded between the main frame cross beams 3 at two sides of the cleaning device, a shaft hole and a threaded hole are drilled in the transverse direction of the supporting cross beam, a shaft is respectively connected with a single-arm rocker 24 and a double-arm rocker 25 through the shaft hole, so that the cleaning device 19 is fixed on the frame 1, a single-arm rocker bearing seat 26 and a double-arm rocker bearing seat 27 are fixed on the inner side of the supporting cross beam 6 through bolts, the shaft is prevented from deforming when the cleaning device is operated, the supporting longitudinal beam 7 is uniformly and fixedly welded below the supporting cross beam 6 at the left side of the cleaning device, the power chain wheel first longitudinal beam 8 and the power chain wheel second longitudinal beam 9 are fixedly welded below the supporting cross beam 6 on the right side of the cleaning device, a threaded hole is formed in the power chain wheel first longitudinal beam 8 and connected with a gear seat 45 through a bolt, a straight notch is formed in the power chain wheel second longitudinal beam 9 and connected with a power wheel first inner chain wheel base 49 through a bolt, the power chain wheel cross beam 10 is fixedly welded between the power chain wheel second longitudinal beam 9 and a main frame longitudinal beam 4, a threaded hole is formed in the power chain wheel cross beam, and the power chain wheel first longitudinal beam and the power chain wheel second inner chain wheel base 52 are connected through a bolt; the fan frame 11 is positioned on the left side of the main frame 2, is formed by welding square pipes and comprises a fan main frame 12 and a fan auxiliary frame 13, the fan main frame is fixedly welded on the main frame cross beam 3 and the main frame longitudinal beam 4, the top of the fan main frame is fixedly welded with a cylindrical feed port support 14, the fan auxiliary frame 13 is fixedly welded on the main frame longitudinal beam 4 and the fan main frame 12, and is provided with a straight notch which is connected with a cross-flow fan bearing seat 29 through a bolt; the motor base 15 is positioned on the left front side of the frame 1, is formed by welding square pipes and is fixedly welded on the main frame cross beam 3 and the fan main frame 12; the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block 16 is positioned on the right side of the main frame 2 and is formed by welding steel plates and comprises a vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block main plate 17 and a vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block side plate 18, the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block main plate 17 is fixedly welded with the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block side plates 18 on two sides, a threaded hole is formed in the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block main plate, the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block main plate is connected with a vibrating screen eccentric shaft vertical bearing 56 through a bolt, and the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block side plate 18 is fixedly welded on the main frame width 5 in an end-to-end mode.
The cleaning plant 19 includes a shaker plate 20, an upper screen 21, a lower screen 22, a rocker drive 23 and a cross-flow fan 28. The shaking plate 20 is fixedly connected with a lower screen 22, the upper screen 21 and the lower screen 22 are connected with a rocker driving device 23, the rocker driving device 23 drives the shaking plate 20, the upper screen 21 and the lower screen 22 to move, and a cross-flow fan 28 is arranged on the right side of the lower screen 22.
The feed box 31 includes a feed box main plate 32, a feed box bottom plate 33, a feed box side plate 34, a feed box height 35, and a baffle plate 36. Feeding case mainboard 32 and feeding case bottom plate 33 and the high 35 fixed weld of feeding case, feeding case supports 14 and inserts feeding case height 35 perpendicularly, feeding case height 35 and the free dismantlement of feeding case 31 of being convenient for of the cooperation that feeding case supported 14, feeding case curb plate 34 fixed weld in feeding case mainboard 32 both sides, guide plate 36 is the low slope form of left high right side and inserts feeding case 31, its head end and the fixed weld of feeding case mainboard 32, both sides and the fixed weld of feeding case curb plate 33, the feeding speed of edible sunflower emergence has been accelerated.
The material receiving box 37 is disposed below the cross-flow fan 28 in a manner of being inclined from left to right, and includes a material receiving opening 38, a material outlet 39, a material stopping plate 40, and a material receiving box support 41. The material receiving box support 41 is fixedly welded with the width 5 of the main frame, the material receiving port 38 is installed above the material receiving box support 41 through a flat iron 42, the flat iron 42 plays a role in preventing the material receiving box 37 from deforming or being damaged in the material receiving process, the front end of the material outlet 39 is fixedly welded with the material receiving port 38, the material stopping plate 40 is vertically inserted between the material receiving port 38 and the material outlet 39, and the upper end of the material stopping plate is provided with a bend so as to be convenient to draw out the sunflower seeds at any time to collect the sunflower seeds.
The power sprocket device 43 includes a belt gear 44, a belt gear seat 45, a belt gear outer sprocket 46, a power wheel first inner sprocket 47, a power wheel first outer sprocket 48, a power wheel first inner sprocket base 49, a power wheel second inner sprocket 50, a power wheel second outer sprocket 51, a power wheel second inner sprocket base 52, and a power wheel pulley 53. The belt gear 44 is connected with a belt-shaped base 45 through a shaft, a belt-shaped wheel outer chain wheel 46 drives a power wheel first outer chain wheel 48 to move through a chain, the power wheel first outer chain wheel 48 is connected with a power wheel first inner chain wheel 47 and a power wheel first inner chain wheel base 49 through a shaft, a power wheel second outer chain wheel 51 is connected with a power wheel second inner chain wheel 50, a power wheel second inner chain wheel base 52 and a power wheel belt pulley 53 through a shaft, the power wheel first inner chain wheel 47 and the power wheel second inner chain wheel 50 are in power transmission through a chain, and the power wheel belt pulley 53 drives a vibrating screen eccentric shaft belt pulley 57 to move through a belt.
The shaker eccentric shaft assembly 54 includes a shaker eccentric shaft 55, a shaker eccentric shaft vertical bearing 56, and a shaker eccentric shaft pulley 57. The vibrating screen eccentric shaft 55 is inserted into a vibrating screen eccentric shaft vertical bearing 56 and a vibrating screen eccentric shaft belt pulley 57, the vibrating screen eccentric shaft belt pulley 57 moves to drive the vibrating screen eccentric shaft 55, and the vibrating screen eccentric shaft vertical bearing 55 is fixed on the vibrating screen eccentric shaft bearing block 16 through bolts.
The power input device 58 includes a power input motor 59, a toothed wheel 44 and a crossflow blower pulley 30. The power input motor 59 is connected with the gear 44 and the cross-flow fan belt pulley 30 through a shaft, when the power input motor works, the shaft drives the gear 44 and the cross-flow fan belt pulley 30 to rotate, the gear 44 drives the power chain wheel device 43 to work through a belt, and the cross-flow fan belt pulley 30 drives the cross-flow fan 28 to work through the belt.
The method for carrying out the test by utilizing the test bed of the through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device comprises the following steps:
1. the power input motor 59 is started, the shaft drives the cross-flow fan 28 and the power chain wheel device 43 to operate, the power chain wheel device 43 drives the vibrating screen eccentric shaft assembly 54 to move, the vibrating screen eccentric shaft assembly 54 drives the cleaning device 19 to operate, and the upper screen 21 and the lower screen 22 carry out reciprocating motion in opposite directions under the driving of the single-arm rocker 24 and the double-arm rocker 25.
2. The threshed grain sunflower threshed material is fed into the shaking plate 20 through the feeding box 31.
3. The shaking plate 20 moves along with the lower screen 22 in the same direction, the food sunflower threshed objects fall into the upper screen 21 through the movement of the shaking plate 20, the cross-flow fan 28 blows out impurities such as light stalks, sunflower leaves, sunflower discs and dust out of the cleaning device 19, the upper screen 21 separates long stalks from larger impurities, the short stalks, seeds and smaller impurities fall onto the lower screen 22 along with the reciprocating movement of the upper screen 21, and the food sunflower seeds are separated under the combined action of the cross-flow fan 28 and the lower screen 22, so that the cleaning operation is completed.
4. The edible sunflower seeds slide to the receiving box 37 along with the movement, the receiving box 37 inclines in a left-high-right-low shape, the blocking plate 40 in the receiving box 37 blocks the edible sunflower seeds in the receiving box 37, the blocking plate 40 is pulled out, and the collection of the edible sunflower seeds is completed.
In the method, the power required by the vibrating screen is as follows:
Figure BDA0003115939100000081
in the formula: n is power, and the unit is kW; qsThe unit is kg/s for the food sunflower threshing material entering the cleaning device; n is a radical ofpThe unit of power required by the vibrating screen per unit productivity is kW/(kg · s)-1) Wherein the upper sieve is 0.5, and the lower sieve is 0.3; η is coefficient, η is 0.9.
Wherein, in the method, the height h of the air outlet of the cross-flow fan 43 and the blowing direction angle
Figure BDA0003115939100000082
It should satisfy:
Figure BDA0003115939100000083
in the formula: h is the height of the air outlet and the unit is mm; k is coefficient, K is 0.5; l is the total length of the sieve and the unit is mm;
Figure BDA0003115939100000084
the included angle between the air flow and the screen surface is not more than 45 degrees at most.
In the method, the power required by the cross-flow fan 43 is as follows:
Figure BDA0003115939100000091
in the formula: h is total pressure and has a unit of Pa; hdIs dynamic pressure, in Pa; hjIs static pressure in Pa; q is the gas flow and has the unit of L/s; v is wind speed, and the unit is mm/s; h is the height of the air outlet and the unit is mm; b is the width of the air outlet, and the unit is mm; n is power, and the unit is kW; eta is the fan efficiency, and eta is 0.5; etamFor mechanical transmission efficiency, ηm＝0.95。
Through carrying out test analysis on the collected edible sunflower seeds, the working parameters influencing the cleaning performance of the through-flow air-screen type edible sunflower cleaning device are analyzed, and then the working parameters influencing the cleaning performance of the through-flow air-screen type edible sunflower cleaning device are subjected to optimization test, so that the cleaning rate of the edible sunflower seeds is finally improved, and the breakage rate of the edible sunflower seeds is reduced.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.

Claims (11)

1.一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，包括机架（1），清选装置（19），进料箱（31），接料箱（37），动力链轮装置（43），振动筛偏心轴组合（54），动力输入装置（58），其特征在于：所述机架（1）上固定连接有清选装置（19），所述清选装置（19）的左下方设有接料箱（37），所述进料箱（31）固定连接在机架（1）左上方，所述振动筛偏心轴组合（54）固定连接在清选装置（19）的右下方，所述动力链轮装置（43）通过动力输入装置（58）驱动清选装置（19）运动。1. A cross-flow air sieve type sunflower cleaning device test bench, comprising a frame (1), a cleaning device (19), a feeding box (31), a material receiving box (37), and a power sprocket device (43) ), an eccentric shaft assembly (54) of a vibrating screen, and a power input device (58), characterized in that: a cleaning device (19) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), and the lower left of the cleaning device (19) A receiving box (37) is provided on the side, the feeding box (31) is fixedly connected to the upper left of the frame (1), and the eccentric shaft assembly (54) of the vibrating screen is fixedly connected to the right side of the cleaning device (19). Below, the power sprocket device (43) drives the cleaning device (19) to move through the power input device (58). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述清选装置（19）的安装位置可左右调节。2 . The cross-flow air sieve type sunflower-eating cleaning device test bench according to claim 1 , wherein the installation position of the cleaning device ( 19 ) can be adjusted left and right. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述进料箱（31）可自由拆卸，进料箱（31）内设有呈左高右低倾斜状放置的导流板（36）。3. A cross-flow air sieve type sunflower cleaning device test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding box (31) can be freely disassembled, and the feeding box (31) is provided with a left The deflector (36) is placed in a high, right and low inclined shape. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述清选装置（19）的左下方设有呈左高右低状倾斜放置的接料箱（37），接料箱（37）可自由拆卸。4. A cross-flow air sieve type sunflower-eating cleaning device test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower left of the cleaning device (19) is provided with a connection that is inclined and placed in the shape of high left and low right. The material box (37) and the material receiving box (37) can be disassembled freely. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述接料箱（37）设有阻料板（40），阻料板（40）垂直插入接料箱（37），可随时抽出。5. The test bench for a cross-flow air sieve type sunflower cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material receiving box (37) is provided with a material blocking plate (40), a material blocking plate (40) It is inserted vertically into the receiving box (37) and can be withdrawn at any time. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述机架（1）上固定连接动力链轮装置（43），动力链轮装置（43）各零部件之间由链条连接。6. A cross-flow air sieve type sunflower-eating cleaning device test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: a power sprocket device (43) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), and the power sprocket device ( 43) The parts are connected by chains. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台，其特征在于：所述动力输入装置（58）可同时带动贯流式风机（28）和动力链轮装置（43）作业。7. The test bench for a cross-flow air sieve type sunflower-eating cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the power input device (58) can simultaneously drive the cross-flow fan (28) and the power sprocket device (43) JOBS. 8.一种利用权利要求1所述的贯流风筛式食葵清选装置试验台进行食葵脱出物清选的试验方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：8. a kind of test method that utilizes the cross-flow air sieve type edible sunflower cleaning device test bench according to claim 1 to carry out the test method of edible sunflower exudate cleaning, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: 1）开启动力输入电动机（59）；1) Turn on the power input motor (59); 2）食葵脱出物进入进料箱（31）；2) The exudates of the edible sunflower enter the feeding box (31); 3）进料箱（31）内的导流板（36）将食葵脱出物喂入清选装置（19）；3) The deflector (36) in the feeding box (31) feeds the sunflower exudate into the cleaning device (19); 4）清选装置（19）内的抖动板（20）将食葵脱出物抖落至上筛（21），贯流式风机（28）将质量较轻的茎秆、葵盘等杂物吹出清选装置（19），上筛（21）将长茎秆和形状较大的杂物分离，食葵籽粒和形状较小的杂物落入下筛（22），在气流和下筛（22）的共同作用下，食葵籽粒落入接料箱（37）；4) The shaking plate (20) in the cleaning device (19) shakes off the sunflower-eating material to the upper sieve (21), and the cross-flow fan (28) blows out the light-weight stalks, sunflower pans and other sundries for cleaning. The selection device (19), the upper sieve (21) separates the long stems and the larger-shaped debris, the sunflower seeds and the smaller-shaped debris fall into the lower sieve (22), and the air flow and the lower sieve (22) Under the combined action of , the sunflower seeds fall into the receiving box (37); 5）抽出阻料板（40），食葵籽粒从出料口（39）流出，收集食葵籽粒。5) Pull out the material blocking plate (40), the sunflower seeds flow out from the discharge port (39), and collect the sunflower seeds. 9.如权力要求8所述的试验方法，其特征在于：振动筛所需功率为：9. test method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the required power of vibrating screen is:
Figure 828966DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
（1）
Figure 828966DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1) 式中：
Figure 609840DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
为功率，单位为
Figure 391851DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
；
Figure 780238DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
为进入清选装置的食葵脱出物，单位为
Figure 382121DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
Figure 435528DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
为 每单位生产率振动筛所需功率，单位为
Figure 852471DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，其中上筛取
Figure 129869DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
，下筛取
Figure 422310DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
；
Figure 826878DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为系数，
Figure 52323DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
。 where:
Figure 609840DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is the power, the unit is
Figure 391851DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
;
Figure 780238DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
It is the sunflower exudate entering the cleaning device, the unit is
Figure 382121DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
;
Figure 435528DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is the power required by the vibrating screen per unit of productivity, in units of
Figure 852471DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
, of which the upper sieve
Figure 129869DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
, filter down
Figure 422310DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
;
Figure 826878DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the coefficient,
Figure 52323DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
. 10.如权力要求8所述的试验方法，其特征在于：贯流式风机（43）出风口高度
Figure 500621DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
与吹风方 向角
Figure 545938DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
应满足： 10. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the height of the air outlet of the cross-flow fan (43)
Figure 500621DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
with the direction angle of the blower
Figure 545938DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Should satisfy:
Figure 46540DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
（2）
Figure 46540DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
(2) 式中：
Figure 142803DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
为出风口高度，单位为
Figure 230844DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 29036DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
为系数，
Figure 227936DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
；
Figure 427973DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
为筛子全长，单位为
Figure 686916DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 487251DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
为气流与筛面夹角,最大不超过
Figure 755421DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
。 where:
Figure 142803DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is the height of the air outlet, the unit is
Figure 230844DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 29036DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is the coefficient,
Figure 227936DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
;
Figure 427973DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is the full length of the sieve, in units of
Figure 686916DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 487251DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the angle between the airflow and the screen surface, and the maximum does not exceed
Figure 755421DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
. 11.如权力要求8所述的试验方法，其特征在于：贯流式风机（43）所需功率为：11. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the required power of the cross-flow fan (43) is:
Figure 278807DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
（3）
Figure 278807DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
(3) 式中：
Figure 505389DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
为全压，单位为
Figure 481435DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
；
Figure 553296DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
为动压，单位为
Figure 196767DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
；
Figure 79404DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
为静压，单位为
Figure 808325DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
；
Figure 418298DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
为气流量， 单位为
Figure 916275DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
；
Figure 219081DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
为风速，单位为
Figure 435299DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
；
Figure 366739DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
为出风口高度，单位为
Figure 719223DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 192929DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
为出风口宽度， 单位为
Figure 630864DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 848219DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
为功率，单位为
Figure 320788DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
；
Figure 247287DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为风机效率，
Figure 703676DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
；
Figure 927984DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
为机械传动效率，
Figure 301066DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
。 where:
Figure 505389DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is full pressure, the unit is
Figure 481435DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
;
Figure 553296DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is the dynamic pressure, the unit is
Figure 196767DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
;
Figure 79404DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
is the static pressure, the unit is
Figure 808325DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
;
Figure 418298DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is the air flow, and the unit is
Figure 916275DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
;
Figure 219081DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is the wind speed, the unit is
Figure 435299DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
;
Figure 366739DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is the height of the air outlet, the unit is
Figure 719223DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 192929DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
is the width of the air outlet, the unit is
Figure 630864DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 848219DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is the power, the unit is
Figure 320788DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
;
Figure 247287DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the fan efficiency,
Figure 703676DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
;
Figure 927984DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
For the mechanical transmission efficiency,
Figure 301066DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
.
CN202110662554.8A 2021-06-15 2021-06-15 Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device Pending CN113261432A (en)

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