CN112371480A - Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device - Google Patents

Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112371480A
CN112371480A CN202011279645.5A CN202011279645A CN112371480A CN 112371480 A CN112371480 A CN 112371480A CN 202011279645 A CN202011279645 A CN 202011279645A CN 112371480 A CN112371480 A CN 112371480A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
screen
sieve
plate
sunflower
cleaning device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011279645.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙晓晓
李斌
王士国
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shihezi University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
Original Assignee
Shihezi University
Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shihezi University, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences filed Critical Shihezi University
Priority to CN202011279645.5A priority Critical patent/CN112371480A/en
Publication of CN112371480A publication Critical patent/CN112371480A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B07B1/4663—Multi-layer screening surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a through-flow air screen type sunflower seed cleaning and sorting device which comprises a shaking plate, an upper screen, a lower screen, a rocker driving device and a through-flow fan, wherein the shaking plate is fixedly connected with the lower screen, the upper screen and the lower screen are connected with the rocker driving device, the rocker driving device drives the shaking plate, the upper screen and the lower screen to move, and the through-flow fan is arranged on the right side of the lower screen.

Description

Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a through-flow air screen type edible sunflower cleaning device.
Background
The edible sunflower has short growth period, strong adaptability and lower requirements on soil conditions, production area environment, ecological climate and the like, so the edible sunflower has low planting cost and high benefit. At present, the harvest of edible sunflower mainly takes manual work as main part, the labor intensity is high, the operation efficiency is low, and the harvest cost is high. The domestic special edible sunflower harvesting machinery is few, the mechanized level of edible sunflower harvesting is in the starting stage, and the mechanical harvesting generally has the problems of high loss rate, breakage rate, impurity rate index and the like. The cleaning device is a core component of the food sunflower harvester, and the performance of the cleaning device directly influences the quality of important technical indexes such as grain impurity rate, grain loss rate, cleaning efficiency and the like.
At present, most of edible sunflower harvesters adopt centrifugal cleaning devices, the working principle of the cleaning device is that centrifugal airflow is matched with a sieve for cleaning, but the generated wind pressure is large, the attenuation of the airflow is fast, effective layering and blowing-off can not be carried out on edible sunflower seeds, stalks, sunflower discs, sundries and the like, the cleaning efficiency is low, the impurity content is high, and the development of mechanical harvesting of the edible sunflower is not facilitated.
Based on the above, the invention designs a through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device, which solves the problems of low cleaning efficiency, high impurity cleaning rate and high seed breakage rate of the existing food sunflower harvester.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a through-flow air sieve formula is eaten sunflower cleaning plant, includes and shakes board, upper screen, lower sieve, rocker drive arrangement and through-flow fan, its characterized in that: the vibrating plate is fixedly connected with a lower screen, the upper screen and the lower screen are connected with a rocker driving device, the rocker driving device drives the vibrating plate, the upper screen and the lower screen to move, and a cross-flow fan is arranged on the right side of the lower screen.
The included angle between the step surface of the shaking plate and the horizontal plane is 10 degrees. The included angle can ensure that the stair surface is not easily blocked by stems, damaged sunflower plates, dust and the like when the shaking plate shakes the mixture of the food sunflower after threshing, thereby being more convenient for the food sunflower mixture to fall into the upper sieve and improving the cleaning efficiency.
The shape of the upper sieve mesh is square, the shape of the lower sieve mesh is circular, and the area of the upper sieve mesh is larger than that of the lower sieve mesh. The upper screen is a material receiving screen surface and is used for separating coarse impurities, square screen holes are convenient for separating stems, broken leaves and the like, the effective screening area is large, the resistance to the airflow is small, the lower screen is a fine screen surface and is used for separating fine impurities, the round screen holes are convenient for separating the short stems and the like falling into the lower screen along with grains through the upper screen, and the lower screen surface is not easy to deform.
The lower sieve is inclined in a left-high-right-low shape, and the included angle between the sieve surface of the lower sieve and the horizontal plane is 8 degrees. The inclined shape of the screen surface of the lower screen is beneficial to the sunflower seeds which are screened to better slide into the feeding hole in the reciprocating motion of the vibration of the lower screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the mixture of the food sunflower after threshing falls onto the shaking plate, the shaking plate is fixedly connected with the lower sieve, under the action of the rocker driving device, the direction of reciprocating motion of the shaking plate and the lower sieve is opposite to that of the upper sieve, the mixture is shaken down to the upper sieve by the reciprocating motion of the shaking plate, the sieve holes of the upper sieve only contain food sunflower seeds, smaller stems and the like and fall into the lower sieve, the diameter of the circular sieve holes of the lower sieve is smaller than that of the food sunflower seeds, only the smaller stems and dust impurities are allowed to fall, the shape of the upper sieve holes and the shape of the lower sieve holes are different, more effective impurity cleaning operation can be realized, the sieving is more thorough, the food sunflower seeds with higher quality are obtained, the lower sieve is inclined in a left-high-right low shape, and the food sunflower seeds can better.
The cross-flow fan that the lower sieve right side set up, the cleaning plant is blown out less stem stalk, lighter impurity and dust etc. with upper and lower sieve combined action to its air current that produces, compare with other types of fan, cross-flow fan's diameter can obtain littleer, cross-flow fan does not have the sunction inlet, can the free choice impeller shaft length, the volume and the quality of cleaning plant have been reduced, the wind speed and the wind pressure in cross-flow fan wind gap distribute evenly, and cross-flow fan passes through miscellaneous ability stronger, be difficult for causing the jam.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a shaker plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an upper screen.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a lower screen.
Fig. 5 is a rear view of the lower screen.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rocker actuator.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a crossflow blower.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-a shaking plate, 2-a shaking plate closing plate, 3-a shaking plate side plate, 4-an upper screen, 5-an upper screen guide plate, 6-an upper screen side plate, 7-reinforced angle steel, 8-an upper screen base, 9-a rocker connecting device, 10-an upper screen protection plate, 11-a lower screen, 12-a lower screen protection plate, 13-a lower screen side plate, 14-a lower screen connecting mechanism, 15-a shaking plate support, 16-a flat tube, 17-a square tube, 18-a single-arm rocker, 19-a double-arm rocker, 20-a cross-flow fan, 21-a shell, 22-an impeller, 23-a belt wheel and 24-a fixed bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in the attached figures 1-7, the cross-flow air screen type mallow cleaning device comprises a shaking plate 1, an upper screen 4, a lower screen 11, a rocker driving device and a cross-flow fan 20.
The shaking plate sealing plate 2 is formed by welding two rectangular steel plates, the tail end of the shaking plate sealing plate is connected and fixed with the front end of the shaking plate 1 in a welding mode, the shaking plate side plates 2 are fixed on two sides of the shaking plate 1 in a welding mode to play a role in preventing the seeds of the edible sunflower from falling off, so that the mixture of the threshed edible sunflower smoothly falls into the upper sieve 4 from the right side in the reciprocating motion of the shaking plate 1, and the two ends of the mixture are drilled with screw holes and connected with a shaking plate support 15 through bolts.
The periphery and the upper surface of the upper screen 4 are connected with an upper screen base 8 in a welding mode, through holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the upper screen base 8 which is distributed on the periphery, the upper screen base 8 of the upper surface corresponds to the position of compression angle iron of the lower surface of the upper screen 4, the upper screen 4 is prevented from deforming in the reciprocating motion, an upper screen guide plate 5 is welded at the front end of the upper screen 4 through a welding block and forms an obtuse angle with the upper screen 4, upper screen side plates 6 are fixed to the two sides of the upper screen 4 in a welding mode, screw holes are drilled at the two ends of the upper screen side plates and fixed with reinforcing angle steel 7 on the inner sides of the upper screen side plates through bolts, a rocker connecting device 9 is fixed to the outer sides of the upper screen side plates 6 through welding, an upper screen protective plate 10 is formed by welding two rectangular steel plates and fixed to the right sides.
The lower sieve 11 is inclined in a left-high-right-low shape for feeding the sunflower seeds to better slide to a feeding hole on the right side, a lower sieve protection plate 12 is connected with the front end of the lower sieve 11 through a bent connecting plate, two ends of the connecting plate are welded and fixed at the front end of a lower sieve side plate 13, the lower sieve side plate 13 is welded on two sides of the lower sieve 11, a screw hole is formed in the lower sieve side plate 13, an inner reinforcing plate and an outer lower sieve connecting mechanism 14 are fixed through a bolt, a screw hole is formed in the lower sieve connecting mechanism 14 and connected with a shaking plate support 15 through a bolt, synchronous motion of the lower sieve 11 and the shaking plate 1 is realized, a flat tube 16 is welded and fixed between the lower surface of the lower sieve 11 and the two lower sieve side plates 13, a square tube 17 is welded and fixed between the two lower sieve connecting mechanisms 14, and the flat tube 16 and the square tube 17 play a.
The rocker driving device comprises a single-arm rocker 18 and a double-arm rocker 19, one end of the single-arm rocker 18 is connected with the shafts of the rocker connecting devices 9 on the upper screen side plate 6 and the lower screen side plate 13 through shaft sleeves, the other end of the single-arm rocker is connected with the rack through a shaft, 3 shaft sleeves are uniformly distributed on the double-arm rocker 19, the shaft sleeves at two ends are connected with the shafts of the rocker connecting devices 9 on the upper screen side plate 6 and the lower screen connecting mechanism 14, the shaft sleeve in the middle is connected with the rack, and the reciprocating motion directions of the upper screen 4 and the lower screen 11 are controlled to be opposite through the difference of the installation directions of the single-arm rocker 18 and the shape design of the double-arm.
The cross-flow fan 20 comprises a casing 21, an impeller 22, a belt wheel 23 and a fixed bottom plate 24, wherein the impeller 22 is formed by welding a shaft, a blade supporting plate and a plurality of arc blades and is in a long cylindrical shape, one part of the impeller is open, the other part of the impeller is surrounded by the casing 21, the fixed bottom plate 24 is provided with a screw hole, bearing seats at two ends of the shaft of the impeller 22 are connected with the impeller through bolts, and the belt wheel 23 is fixed at the leftmost side of the shaft of the impeller 22.
The cross-flow air screen type edible sunflower cleaning device works in cooperation with an edible sunflower harvester, the single-arm rocker 18 and the double-arm rocker 19 drive the upper screen 4 and the lower screen 11 to reciprocate in opposite directions, the cross-flow fan 20 is started, the impeller 22 rotates, airflow enters from the opening position of the impeller 22, passes through the inside of the impeller 22 and then enters into the shell 21 from the other side of the impeller 22 to form working airflow, the generated working airflow is distributed uniformly and stably, the working airflow passes through the impeller 22 twice, and the acting distance is long. The food sunflower mixture after threshing falls on the shaking plate 1, the shaking plate 1 moves along with the lower sieve 11 in the same direction, the food sunflower mixture falls into the upper sieve 4 through the movement of the shaking plate 1, impurities such as light stems, sunflower leaves, sunflower discs and dust are blown out of the cleaning device by working air flow, the long stems and the large impurities are separated by the upper sieve 4, the resistance of square sieve pores of the upper sieve 4 to the working air flow is small, the utilization rate of a fan is increased, the screening time is shortened, the screening effect of the upper sieve 4 is improved, and the short stems, grains and the small impurities fall on the lower sieve 11 along with the reciprocating movement of the upper sieve 4. The lower sieve 11 is inclined in a left-high-right-low shape, the diameter of a circular sieve pore of the lower sieve is smaller than that of the sunflower seeds, the sunflower seeds are separated under the combined action of working airflow and the lower sieve 11 in reciprocating motion, the sunflower seeds slide to a feed inlet along with the motion, and therefore the cleaned sunflower seeds are obtained, and the cleaning operation is completed.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a through-flow air sieve formula is eaten sunflower cleaning plant, includes and shakes board (1), upper screen (4), lower sieve (11), rocker drive arrangement and through-flow fan (20), its characterized in that: the vibrating plate is characterized in that the vibrating plate (1) is fixedly connected with a lower screen (11), the upper screen (4) and the lower screen (11) are connected with a rocker driving device, the rocker driving device drives the vibrating plate (1), the upper screen (4) and the lower screen (11) to move, and a cross-flow fan (20) is arranged on the right side of the lower screen (11).
2. The through-flow air-screen type food sunflower cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between the step surface of the shaking plate (1) and the horizontal plane is 10 degrees.
3. The through-flow air-screen type food sunflower cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the mesh of the upper screen (4) is square, the shape of the mesh of the lower screen (11) is round, and the area of the mesh of the upper screen (4) is larger than that of the mesh of the lower screen (11).
4. The through-flow air-screen type food sunflower cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower sieve (11) is inclined in a left-high-right-low shape, and the included angle between the sieve surface of the lower sieve (11) and the horizontal plane is 8 degrees.
CN202011279645.5A 2020-11-16 2020-11-16 Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device Pending CN112371480A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011279645.5A CN112371480A (en) 2020-11-16 2020-11-16 Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011279645.5A CN112371480A (en) 2020-11-16 2020-11-16 Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112371480A true CN112371480A (en) 2021-02-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011279645.5A Pending CN112371480A (en) 2020-11-16 2020-11-16 Through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113261432A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-17 新疆农垦科学院 Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device
CN113351483A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-07 东北农业大学 Corn seed cleaner
RU2791974C1 (en) * 2022-09-05 2023-03-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Pneumatic screen separating device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113351483A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-07 东北农业大学 Corn seed cleaner
CN113351483B (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-08-09 东北农业大学 Corn kernel cleaning and sorting machine
CN113261432A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-17 新疆农垦科学院 Test bed and test method of through-flow air screen type food sunflower cleaning device
RU2791974C1 (en) * 2022-09-05 2023-03-15 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Pneumatic screen separating device

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