CN108684333A - A kind of tongue bran combined type cleaning and sorting system and tongue bran type of threshing and sorting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a teff combined cleaning system and a teff threshing and cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a vibrating screen combination and an airflow cleaning device arranged on the frame, the vibrating sieve combination is used for screening teff threshing For the long straw and weeds, the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination is connected with the airflow cleaning device. After being adsorbed by the airflow cleaning device, the seeds are discharged from the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination, and the chaff and fine straw in the seeds are discharged from the airflow cleaning device. Discharge from the miscellaneous outlet of the airflow cleaning device; the combined cleaning system is configured to form a threshing cleaning machine, including a feeding device installed on the frame, a threshing device, a combined cleaning system, an engine device and a walking ground wheel; The teff threshing and cleaning machine of the invention has reasonable structure matching, convenient operation, simple test process and reliable application, and provides a solution for obtaining clean teff seeds.

Description

A combined teff cleaning system and teff threshing and cleaning machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of harvesting of small seed crops, more specifically, to a combined cleaning system for teff seed crops and a teff threshing and cleaning machine.

Background technique

Teff is the main food crop in Ethiopia and is widely planted. At present, the agricultural production of teff mainly relies on labor and animal power. The production method is backward and the production efficiency is low. It is extremely difficult to meet the demand for teff due to population growth. Threshing and cleaning are one of the most important links, mainly relying on manual harvesting, drying on the field, manual threshing with cattle treading, and then using natural wind for manual cleaning. Due to the small size of teff grains, the thousand-grain weight is only 0.26-0.42g, and the grain-to-grass ratio is very small, and the amount of straw is large, among which there are many very fine straws. After threshing and crushing, many short and thin straws, seeds, and glumes will be produced. , grass seeds, etc., how to completely thresh such small seeds from teff ears by machinery, and separate them from chaff and fine straw, etc., is the main problem we need to solve in designing the threshing and cleaning machine.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, in order to efficiently solve the threshing and cleaning problems of small-grain seeds and realize rapid separation of mixtures of small-grain seeds, chaff, grass seeds, etc., the present invention provides a combined cleaning device for teff seed crops And teff threshing and cleaning machine.

Described technical scheme is as follows:

In one aspect, the present invention provides a combined teff cleaning system, comprising a frame and a vibrating screen combination and an airflow cleaning device arranged on the frame, the vibrating screen combination is used to screen out the teff threshing After the long straw and weeds, the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination is connected with the airflow cleaning device, after being absorbed by the airflow cleaning device, the seeds are discharged from the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination, and the seeds The chaff and fine stalks are discharged from the miscellaneous outlet of the airflow cleaning device.

A sieving device is also provided at the seed opening of the vibrating screen combination, and the sieving device includes an upper plate, a sieve and a lower plate, the sieve is arranged at the lower end of the opening of the upper plate, and the lower plate and the lower plate are connected to each other. The upper plate is fixedly connected, and a screening gap is formed between the two; the air inlet of the airflow cleaning device is arranged above the sieve, and is fixedly connected with the upper plate.

The airflow cleaning device includes a miscellaneous suction fan, a conveying pipe and a suction port combination, the two ends of the conveying pipe are respectively connected with the miscellaneous suction fan and the suction port combination, and the lower part of the suction port combination is connected to the suction port through a distance adjusting device. The above-mentioned upper plate is connected, and the air suction distance between the suction port combination and the screening device can be adjusted by the distance adjusting device.

The distance adjusting device includes an adjusting bolt and ear seats located on the outer sides of the two side plates of the suction port assembly, the lower end of the adjusting bolt is hinged to the upper plate, and the upper end of the adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the ear seats.

The miscellaneous suction fan includes a fan casing and blades located inside the fan casing, a fixing plate and a fan hub, the blades are radially arranged on the fixing plate and the fan hub, and the fan casing is installed on On the frame; by driving the hub of the fan to rotate, the objects with a low floating speed on the sieve are sucked away by the suction port combination and discharged from the miscellaneous discharge port of the miscellaneous suction fan through the conveying pipeline off-board.

The vibrating screen combination includes a crank linkage mechanism and a separation screen, the crank linkage mechanism is connected to the frame, the two ends of the separation screen are arranged on the guide rails of the frame through bearings, and are connected to the The guide rails on the frame form a sliding connection, the driving end of the crank linkage mechanism is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the separation screen for pulling the separation screen to reciprocate along the guide rails sports.

The crank linkage mechanism includes a pulley, a bearing with a seat, a fixed shaft, a crank and a connecting rod, the pulley is fixed at one end of the fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is fixed on the machine through the bearing with a seat. On the frame, the crank sleeve is placed on the other end of the fixed shaft, the connecting rod is arranged perpendicular to the fixed shaft, one end of the connecting rod is fixed on the shaft end of the crank through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the The separating screen is connected.

The separation sieve includes a sieve plate and an inoculation plate located below the sieve plate, and the screening device is located at the seed discharge port of the inoculation plate.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a teff threshing and cleaning machine, which includes the above-mentioned combined cleaning system, feeding device, threshing device and engine device; the feeding device is fixed on The frame is located on the threshing device, the combined cleaning system is located below the threshing device, and the engine device forms a drive connection with the threshing device and the combined cleaning system respectively; The teff threshed by the threshing device enters the combined cleaning system to separate the threshed seeds from chaff and straw.

The bottom of the frame is also provided with walking ground wheels.

The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

A. The present invention uses a vibrating sieve combination and an airflow cleaning device to combine the threshed teff and other crops, and rely on mechanical vibration screening and airflow specific gravity cleaning to complete the teff seeds and chaff, etc. The cleaning work of the mixture reduces the impurity content, reduces the cleaning loss, and has a high impurity removal rate, which provides a solution for the cleaning of small-grain crops after threshing.

B. The present invention is equipped with a vibrating screen combination, a screening device and an airflow cleaning device. The seed mixture after threshing is first combined with a vibrating screen to complete the separation of small objects such as seeds and chaff and long stalks, and then enters the screening device. Under the action of the sieve plate in the screening device, the impurities in the seeds are further separated, and at the same time, under the action of the miscellaneous suction fan in the airflow cleaning device, the separation of small objects such as seeds and chaff is realized. The distance adjusting device between the suction port combination and the sieving device adjusts the distance between the suction port combination and the sieve, which can realize the cleaning of different seeds and mixtures. The combined cleaning system and the threshing and cleaning machine with the cleaning device of the present invention have reasonable structural matching, convenient operation, simple test process and reliable application, and provide a solution for obtaining clean teff seeds.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

Fig. 1 is the combined type cleaning system schematic diagram provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of suction port combination and screening device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the combined schematic view of the vibrating screen in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the miscellaneous suction fan in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the threshing and cleaning machine with combined cleaning device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6 .

Among them, reference signs

1- Vibrating screen combination

11- crank linkage mechanism

111-pulley, 112-bearing seat, 113-fixed shaft, 114-crank, 115-connecting rod,

116-fixed pin shaft;

12-Separation screen

121-sieve plate, 122-strengthening plate, 123-side plate, 124-connecting shaft, 125-bearing,

126 - inoculation plate;

2- Airflow cleaning device

21-Hybrid suction fan

211-fan casing, 212-blades, 213-fixing bolts, 214-fan hub,

215 - fixed plate;

22-suction combination

221-fixing ring, 222-blocking wind plate, 223-suction port;

23- Conveyor pipeline

24-Space adjustment device

241-adjusting bolt, 242-ear seat;

3- Screening device

31-upper plate, 32-sieve, 33-lower plate;

4-rack

41 - guide rail;

5-feeding device; 6-threshing device; 7-walking wheel;

8-Engine unit.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined cleaning system provided by the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1 . The combined cleaning system of the present invention includes a frame 4 and a vibrating screen combination 1 and an airflow cleaning device 2 arranged on the frame 4. The vibrating screen combination 1 is used to screen out long straws and weeds after threshing teff , the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination 1 is connected with the airflow cleaning device 2, after being absorbed by the airflow cleaning device 2, the seeds are discharged from the seed outlet of the vibrating screen combination 1, and the chaff and fine straw in the seeds are cleaned by the airflow The miscellaneous outlet of device 2 is discharged. The present invention adopts the combination of vibrating screen and airflow cleaning device to clean the threshed teff and other crops, relying on mechanical vibrating screening and airflow specific gravity cleaning to complete the mixture of teff seeds and chaff. The cleaning work reduces the impurity content, reduces the cleaning loss, and has a high impurity removal rate, which provides a solution for the cleaning of small-grain crops after threshing.

In order to further improve the cleaning ability of small grain seeds, a screening device 3 is also provided at the seed discharge port of the vibrating screen combination 1, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 . Screening device 3 comprises upper plate 31, sieve 32 and lower plate 33, and sieve 32 is arranged on the opening lower end of upper plate 31, and lower plate 33 is fixedly connected with upper plate 31, and forms a screening gap between the two; The air inlet of the selection device 2 is arranged above the screen 32 and is fixedly connected with the upper plate 31 .

The vibrating screen combination 1 includes a crank connecting rod mechanism 11 and a separating screen 12, and the airflow cleaning device 2 includes a miscellaneous suction fan 21, a suction port combination 22 and a delivery pipeline 23; 111 is connected with the threshing device 6, the crank linkage mechanism 11 is connected with the separating screen 12 through the fixed pin shaft 116, the separating screen 12 slides on the frame 4 through the bearing 125, the miscellaneous suction fan 21 and the threshing device 6 are fixed by bolts, and the conveying pipeline 23 connects the miscellaneous suction fan 21 and the suction port assembly 22, the suction port assembly 22 is connected with the screening device 3 through the adjusting bolt 224, and the screening device 3 is fixed on the frame 4 by the bolt.

As shown in Figure 3, the suction port combination includes a fixed ring 221, a wind blocking plate 222 and a suction port 223; the screening device 3 includes an upper plate 31, a sieve 32 and a lower plate 33; the fixed ring 221 is connected to the suction port 223 by welding , the wind blocking plate 222 is hinged on the suction port 223 through bolts; in order to facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the suction port and the screen, the present invention also sets a distance adjustment device between the two, 24, which includes an adjustment bolt 241 and is located at the suction port. The lower end of the adjusting bolt 241 is hinged with the upper plate 31 on the ear seat 242 on the outer surface of the two side plates of the mouth 223, and a nut is also arranged in the ear seat 242, and the adjusting bolt 241 and the ear seat 242 form a threaded connection.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of vibrating screens. Specifically, the crank linkage mechanism 11 includes a pulley 111, a belt seat bearing 112, a fixed shaft 113, a crank 114, a connecting rod 115 and a fixed pin shaft 116, and the separating screen 12 includes a sieve plate 121, a reinforcing plate 122, a side plate 123, a connection Axle 124, bearing 125 and inoculation plate 126; Pulley 111 is fixed on the fixed shaft 113, and fixed shaft 113 is fixed on the frame 4 by belt seat bearing 112, and crank 114 is fixed on fixed shaft 113 one end by bolt, and connecting rod 115 one end Be fixed on the axle end of crank 114 by bearing, the other end is connected with separating screen 12 by fixed pin 116, side plate 123, connecting shaft 124 and seeding plate 126 are connected by welding, sieve plate 121 is fixedly connected with reinforcing plate 122, And be fixed on the welding piece of side plate 123, connecting shaft 124 and inoculation plate 126 by bolt, connecting shaft 124 slides on the guide rail 41 of frame 4 through bearing 125.

As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a schematic diagram of a miscellaneous suction fan provided by the present invention. Including blade 212, fixed plate 215, fan hub 214, fan casing 211 and fixing bolt 214, blade 212 is welded on the fixed plate 215 and fan hub 214, fan casing 211 is installed on the frame 4, and the miscellaneous fan 21 passes through The fan hub 214 is fixed on the drive shaft of the threshing device 6 .

Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a threshing and cleaning machine with a combined cleaning device provided by the present invention, and Fig. 7 is a side view of Fig. 6 . The threshing cleaning machine includes a combined cleaning system, a machine feeding device 5, a threshing device 6, a walking ground wheel 7 and an engine device 8; the feeding device 5 is fixed on the frame 4 by bolts, and the threshing device 6 is fixed on the frame by bolts. On the frame 4, the combined cleaning system is connected with the frame 4 and the threshing device 6, and the walking ground wheel 7 is fixed below the frame 4 by bolts.

During the working process, after the engine device starts up smoothly, the teff material enters the threshing device 6 through the feeding device 5 through manual feeding, and the pulley of the threshing device 6 rotates under the drive of the engine, and the teff material completes threshing in the threshing device 6 After falling onto the sieve plate 121, under the double action of gravity and vibration, impurities smaller than the aperture of the sieve plate 121, such as seeds, fall to the inoculation plate 126 through the sieve holes, and long straws and impurities with a diameter larger than the aperture of the sieve plate 121 move along the surface of the sieve plate 121. Sliding down and discharging outside the machine, the mixture of seed and chaff that falls to inoculation plate 126 slides on the upper plate 31 of screening device 3 along inoculation plate 126, slides to the top of sieve 32 along the slope, and the suspending speed of chaff etc. is less The objects are sucked away by the suction port combination 22 and discharged from the miscellaneous discharge port of the miscellaneous suction fan 21 through the conveying pipe 23. Objects such as seeds above the sieve 32 with a higher suspension speed and a diameter smaller than the aperture of the sieve 32 fall to the lower plate 33. The impurity above the sieve whose diameter is larger than the aperture of the sieve 32 slides out of the machine and falls into the impurity removal device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has designed a combined cleaning system, the combined cleaning system will clean the threshed seeds and chaff through mechanical vibrating screen and cyclone separation and cleaning, and the mechanical vibration mode can Clean out the crops with larger particle size but similar suspension speed to teff seeds, and remove most of the impurities. The cyclone separation and cleaning method can remove impurities with particle size similar to or smaller than teff seeds but higher suspension speed. The small impurities are cleaned out, thereby reducing the impurity content; the air pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the suction port combination and the screening device or adjusting the opening of the air blocking plate on the suction port combination, so as to adapt to different seed chaff, etc. Cleaning requirements for impurities; the threshing and cleaning machine meets the technical requirements for threshing and cleaning teff crops, and is easy to operate, less loss, and low impurity content.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of teff combined type cleaning system is characterized in that, comprises frame (4) and is arranged on the vibrating screen combination (1) and airflow cleaning device (2) on described frame (4), so The vibrating sieve combination (1) is used to screen out long stalks and weeds after threshing teff, the seed discharge port of the vibrating sieve combination (1) is connected with the airflow cleaning device (2), and the airflow After the cleaning device (2) absorbs, the seeds are discharged from the seed discharge port of the vibrating screen assembly (1), and the chaff and fine straw in the seeds are discharged from the miscellaneous discharge port of the airflow cleaning device (2). 2. teff combined type cleaning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the seed discharge port place of described vibrating screen combination (1) is also provided with a screening device (3), and described screening device ( 3) comprising an upper plate (31), a sieve (32) and a lower plate (33), the sieve (32) is arranged at the lower end of the opening of the upper plate (31), the lower plate (33) and the upper plate The plates (31) are fixedly connected, and a sieving gap is formed between the two; the air inlet of the airflow cleaning device (2) is arranged above the sieve (32), and is connected with the upper plate (31) Fixed connection. 3. The teff combined cleaning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the airflow cleaning device (2) comprises a miscellaneous suction fan (21), a conveying pipeline (23) and a suction port combination (22), The two ends of the conveying pipe (23) are respectively connected with the miscellaneous suction fan (21) and the suction port combination (22), and the lower part of the suction port combination (22) is connected to the upper part through a distance adjusting device (24). The plates (31) are connected, and the air suction distance between the suction port assembly (22) and the screening device (3) can be adjusted through the distance adjusting device (24). 4. The teff combined cleaning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the distance adjusting device (24) comprises an adjusting bolt (241) and is located on the outer surface of the two side plates of the suction port assembly (22). The lower end of the adjusting bolt (241) is hinged to the upper plate (31), and the upper end thereof is threadedly connected to the ear seat (242). 5. The combined teff cleaning system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the miscellaneous suction fan (21) comprises a fan housing (211) and blades ( 212), a fixed plate (215) and a fan hub (213), the blades (212) are radially arranged on the fixed plate (215) and the fan hub (213), and the fan casing (211) is installed On the frame (4); by driving the fan hub (213) to rotate, the objects with a relatively small suspension speed on the sieve (32) are sucked away by the suction port assembly (22) and pass through the The delivery pipe (23) is discharged out of the machine from the miscellaneous outlet of the miscellaneous suction fan (21). 6. The teff combined cleaning system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, the vibrating screen combination (1) comprises a crank linkage (11) and a separating screen (12), the The crank link mechanism (11) is connected on the frame (4), and the two ends of the separating screen (12) are arranged on the guide rail (41) of the frame (4) through bearings (125), and It forms a sliding connection with the guide rail (41) on the frame (4), the driving end of the crank linkage mechanism (11) is connected with the frame (4), and its other end is connected with the separating screen (12). ) connection for pulling the separating screen (12) to reciprocate along the guide rail (41). 7. The teff combined type cleaning system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the crank linkage (11) comprises a pulley (111), a bearing with seat (112), a fixed shaft (113), crank (114) and connecting rod (115), the pulley (111) is fixed on one end of the fixed shaft (113), and the fixed shaft (113) is fixed on the On the frame (4), the crank (114) is sleeved on the other end of the fixed shaft (113), the connecting rod (115) is vertically arranged with the fixed shaft (113), and the connecting rod ( One end of 115) is fixed on the axle end of described crank (114) by bearing, and its other end is connected with described separating screen (12). 8. The teff combined cleaning system according to claim 7, characterized in that, the separating sieve (12) comprises a sieve plate (121) and an inoculation plate (126) positioned below the sieve plate (121) , the screening device (12) is located at the seed discharge port of the inoculation plate (126). 9. A teff threshing and cleaning machine, characterized in that, the threshing and cleaning machine comprises a combined cleaning system, a feeding device (5), and a threshing device (6) according to any one of claims 1-8 and engine device (8); the feeding device (5) is fixed on the frame (4) and is located on the threshing device (6), and the combined cleaning system is located on the threshing device ( 6), the engine unit (8) forms a driving connection with the threshing device (6) and the combined cleaning system respectively; the teff threshed by the threshing device (6) enters the combined cleaning system. The selection system separates the threshed seeds from chaff and straw. 10. The teff threshing and cleaning machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, a walking ground wheel (7) is also provided under the frame (4).