CN113245053B - Device and method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matters - Google Patents
Device and method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245053B CN113245053B CN202110603625.7A CN202110603625A CN113245053B CN 113245053 B CN113245053 B CN 113245053B CN 202110603625 A CN202110603625 A CN 202110603625A CN 113245053 B CN113245053 B CN 113245053B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
- B03B9/065—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial the refuse being building rubble
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matters.A primary treatment sorting system is sequentially communicated with a gas-liquid cyclone separator, a cyclone sieve, a bag-type dust collector and a circulating fan through pipelines; the cyclone vibrating screen is connected with a material port of the cyclone separator, and is connected with the primary treatment sorting system together with the coarse product processing chamber, and the cyclone vibrating screen and the bag-type dust collector are respectively communicated with the fine material product processing chamber; the exhaust fan is communicated with the bag-type dust collector through a pipeline; the construction waste is subjected to the processes of rough separation, rough crushing, magnetic separation, intelligent auxiliary separation, fine crushing, multistage separation, solid-liquid separation, gas-matter separation, first particle size screening, second particle size screening, filtering, third particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge in sequence. The invention discloses a device and a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean emission of particles, which can realize the recovery of particles with different particle size ranges, realize the resource utilization of the particles with different particle size ranges and realize the beneficial effects of ultra-clean emission and air volume emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste recovery devices, in particular to a device and a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matters.
Background
The construction waste is commonly called as construction solid waste and mainly comprises construction removal waste and construction decoration waste. Mainly refers to concrete, bricks and other wastes generated in the process of building, demolition, repair and house decoration of various buildings, structures and the like by construction units or individuals. The construction industry in China is in a rapid development period, 1.35 million tons of construction waste is generated by dismantling 1 ten thousand square meters of buildings, ten million tons or even hundred million tons of construction waste are generated every year, the total amount is huge, and the resource utilization rate of the construction waste (without muck) in China is only about 6 percent. In recent years, China has issued a series of laws and regulations to standardize the treatment of construction waste from the national level, and the construction waste is required to be forcibly managed, so that the basic principle that ' reduction, recycling, harmlessness, production and responsibility of who ' are required to be implemented to the treatment of the construction waste ' is stipulated. Building garbage disposal stations are built in various places at present, and a large amount of dust gas is generated in the resource recycling process. Research shows that dust pollution is closely related to haze concerned by society, and dust pollution treatment is not a simple environmental problem and is extended to be a social problem.
A lot of sieving mechanism that is used for building garbage classification on the market at present, but adopt the apparatus device to realize the separation of great thing piece mostly, nevertheless do not have effectual removal effect to the less dust particulate matter of particle diameter, under the environmental protection requirement that is becoming stricter, hardly satisfy the emission requirement.
Therefore, the technical need to solve the problem of how to provide a particle size screening and ultra-clean discharging device and a method thereof, which can recycle the particles with different particle size ranges in the recycling process of the construction waste so as to realize the resource utilization of the particles with different particle size ranges and realize the ultra-clean discharge at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a device and a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharging of particulate matter, which can recycle particulate matter with different particle size ranges in a recycling process of building waste, so as to recycle the particulate matter with different particle size ranges and achieve the beneficial effect of ultra-clean discharging.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matter, comprising:
the primary treatment and separation system is sequentially communicated with a gas-liquid cyclone separator, a rotary vibration sieve and a coarse material product processing chamber through a first pipeline;
the cyclone sieve is communicated with the cyclone separator through a second pipeline, and simultaneously is communicated with the fine material product processing chamber and the bag-type dust collector through a third pipeline;
the exhaust fan is communicated with the bag-type dust collector through a fourth pipeline;
and the circulating fan is communicated with the fourth pipeline and the primary treatment sorting system through a fifth pipeline.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the waste liquid collecting device is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator.
Preferably, the fine material product processing chamber is communicated with the bag-type dust collector through a sixth pipeline at the same time.
Preferably, the primary treatment sorting system is in communication with the coarse product processing chamber.
Preferably, the primary treatment sorting system has a plurality of the sorting systems connected in series and/or in parallel by a pipeline.
Preferably, the primary treatment sorting system comprises:
the device comprises a sealing cover, a rough separation structure, a magnetic separation structure, a fine separation structure and a multi-stage screening machine which are sequentially communicated with the rough separation structure through a first conveyor belt conveyor, the multi-stage screening machine is communicated with the magnetic separation structure through a second conveyor belt conveyor, the sealing cover is respectively covered on the rough separation structure, the magnetic separation structure, the fine separation structure, the multi-stage screening machine, the first conveyor belt conveyor and the second conveyor belt conveyor, a plurality of intelligent auxiliary separation structures are arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cover corresponding to the first conveyor belt conveyor between the magnetic separation structure and the fine separation structure, meanwhile, a feeding port, a discharging port, an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged on the sealing cover, the discharging port is communicated to the rough material product processing chamber, and the air inlet is communicated with the circulating fan through a fifth pipeline, meanwhile, the multi-stage sieving machine is close to the air inlet, and the air outlet is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator through the first pipeline.
A particle size screening and ultra-clean discharging method of particulate matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, rough sorting: the construction waste is placed on the coarse separation structure through a feeding port of the sealing cover, the waste with the particle size larger than 750mm in the construction waste is removed through the coarse separation structure, and the waste with the particle size smaller than 750mm is conveyed to the coarse crushing structure through a first conveyor belt conveyor between the coarse separation structure and the coarse crushing structure;
s2, coarse crushing: the coarse crushing structure crushes the garbage with the particle size of less than 750mm to obtain the garbage with the particle size of less than 400 mm;
s3, magnetic separation: conveying the garbage with the particle size of less than 400mm to the magnetic separation structure through a first conveyor belt conveyor between the coarse crushing structure and the magnetic separation structure, separating iron metal out through the magnetic separation structure, and conveying the remaining garbage to the direction of the fine crushing structure through the first conveyor belt conveyor between the magnetic separation structure and the fine crushing structure;
s4, intelligently selecting: during the process that the residual garbage is conveyed on the first conveyor belt conveyor between the magnetic separation structure and the fine crushing structure, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure separates out wood, plastic and rubber substances;
s5, fine crushing: conveying the garbage left in the step S4 to the fine crushing structure for fine crushing to obtain construction garbage with the particle size of less than 30 mm;
s6, multi-stage sorting: the garbage with the particle size of less than 30mm is conveyed to a multi-stage sieving machine by a first conveyor belt conveyor between the fine crushing structure and the multi-stage sieving machine, solid matters with a set particle size range are sorted out through the multi-stage sieving machine, the particle size range is 20-30mm, the particle size range is 10-20mm, and the particles with the particle size range of 5-10mm are conveyed to a coarse material product processing chamber for resource recycling, air blown in by a circulating fan forms an air separation space around the multi-stage sieving machine, under the winnowing action of the circulating fan, the construction waste recovery materials with the grain diameter of less than 1500 microns flow into the gas-liquid cyclone separator through the winnowing action, the garbage with the particle size larger than 30mm left by the multi-stage screening machine is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure through a second conveyor belt conveyor between the multi-stage screening machine and the magnetic separation structure, so that repeated circulating screening is realized;
s7, solid-liquid separation: the gas-liquid cyclone separator removes moisture contained in garbage with the particle size of less than 1500 microns, the remaining dry garbage enters the cyclone separator through a pipeline under the action of the fan, and waste liquid flows into a waste liquid collecting device to be stored for environment-friendly treatment;
s8, gas-liquid separation: the cyclone separator performs cyclone separation on the dry garbage obtained in the previous step, the gaseous garbage is a mixture formed by wind introduced by the fan and garbage with the particle size smaller than 100 microns, the gaseous garbage enters a cyclone sieve through a pipeline, and particles filtered and blocked enter the rotary vibration sieve;
s9, first particle size screening: the cyclone separator is used for filtering the garbage, the cyclone vibration sieve is used for sieving the particles filtered by the cyclone separator into particles with a set range of particle size, and the garbage with the particle size range of 100-1500 microns enters the coarse material product processing chamber for recycling;
s10, secondary particle size screening: the cyclone sieve further sieves the garbage with the particle size of less than 100 micrometers into particles with the particle size of 50-100 micrometers and other particles, and the particles with the particle size of 50-100 micrometers enter a fine material product processing chamber for recycling;
s11, filtering and screening a third particle size: the garbage with the particle size of less than 50 microns is blocked and filtered by a bag-type dust collector and conveyed to a fine material product processing chamber for recycling;
s12, ultra clean discharge: and 85-95 percent of clean air passing through the bag-type dust collector sequentially passes through the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline to enter the sealing cover under the action of the circulating fan, and the residual air is discharged through the exhaust fan.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a device and a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean emission of particulate matters, and the following technical effects can be realized:
(1) through a screening assembly line formed among the coarse separation structure, the coarse crushing structure, the magnetic separation structure, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure, the fine crushing structure and the multi-stage screening machine, the function of separating different types of garbage can be realized, and the garbage can be continuously refined, so that a stable operation foundation is laid for the subsequent process;
(2) under the action of a fan, the dust gas passing through the primary treatment sorting system 1 sequentially passes through a plurality of screening devices, so that the recycling of the construction waste is maximized;
(3) particle size screening of the dust gas is realized, so that particles in different particle size ranges can be recycled;
(4) most of dust gas is absorbed and utilized by the invention, so that only a small amount of dust is contained in the discharged air, therefore, the invention realizes the ultra-clean discharge of the strict standard of particulate matters, and the discharge air volume is reduced by more than 80%;
(5) the primary treatment sorting system 1 has a plurality of units connected in series and/or in parallel by pipes, and realizes a 24-hour continuous operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the primary treatment sorting system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matter according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1-primary treatment sorting system; 2-a gas-liquid cyclone separator; 3-a cyclone separator; 4-rotating and vibrating the screen; 5-a coarse material product processing chamber; 6-cyclone sieve; 7-fine material product processing chamber; 8-bag dust collector; 9-an exhaust fan; 10-a circulating fan; 21-a waste liquid collection device; 11-a sealing cover; 12-coarse sorting structure; 13-coarse crushing structure; 14-a magnetic separation structure; 15-fine crushing structure; 16-a multi-stage screening machine; 17-a first belt conveyor; 18-intelligent assistance structure; 101-a material inlet; 102-a discharge port; 103-air inlet; 104-air outlet; 201-a first conduit; 202-a second conduit; 203-a third conduit; 204-a fourth conduit; 205-a fifth conduit; 206-sixth conduit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a device for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matters, which comprises:
the primary treatment and separation system 1 is characterized in that the primary treatment and separation system 1 is sequentially communicated with a gas-liquid cyclone separator 2, a cyclone separator 3, a rotary vibration sieve 4 and a coarse material product processing chamber 5 through a first pipeline 201;
the cyclone sieve 6 is communicated with the cyclone separator 3 through a second pipeline 202, and meanwhile, the cyclone sieve 6 is respectively communicated with a fine material product processing chamber 7 and a bag-type dust collector 8 through a third pipeline 203;
the exhaust fan 9 is communicated with the bag-type dust collector 8 through a fourth pipeline 204;
a circulator blower 10, the circulator blower 10 is respectively connected to the fourth pipeline 204 and the primary processing sorting system 1 through a fifth pipeline 205.
The invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
(1) particle size screening of the dust gas is realized, so that particles in different particle size ranges can be recycled, and recycling of the construction waste is maximized;
(2) most of dust gas is absorbed and utilized by the invention, so that only a small amount of dust is contained in the discharged air, therefore, the invention realizes the ultra-clean discharge of the strict standard of particulate matters, and the discharge air volume is reduced by more than 80%.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the method further comprises: and the waste liquid collecting device 21 is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2, and the waste liquid collecting device 21 is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the waste liquid generated in the gas-liquid cyclone 2 is collected by the waste liquid collecting device 21, and the waste liquid is prevented from flowing outwards, so that secondary pollution is prevented, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the fine material product processing chamber 7 is simultaneously connected to the bag-type dust collector 8 via a sixth pipe 206.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the bag-type dust collector 8 absorbs dust with smaller particle size generated in the fine material product processing chamber 7, and the dust is prevented from flying outwards, so that the environment protection is facilitated.
In order to further optimize the above solution, the primary treatment sorting system 1 is connected to a coarse product processing chamber 5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the primary treatment sorting system 1 can make available the waste with the coarse particle size enter the coarse material product processing chamber 5, so that the waste with the coarse particle size can be recycled through the coarse material product processing chamber 5.
In order to further optimize the above solution, the primary treatment sorting system 1 has a plurality of units connected in series and/or in parallel by pipes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: continuous operation for 24 hours was achieved.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the preliminary treatment sorting system 1 includes:
the device comprises a sealing cover 11, a rough separation structure 12, a rough crushing structure 13, a magnetic separation structure 14, a fine crushing structure 15 and a multistage sieving machine 16 which are sequentially communicated with the rough separation structure 12 through a first conveyor belt conveyor 17, the multistage sieving machine 16 is communicated with the magnetic separation structure 14 through a second conveyor belt conveyor, the sealing cover 11 is respectively covered on the rough separation structure 12, the rough crushing structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the fine crushing structure 15, the multistage sieving machine 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 and the second conveyor belt conveyor, a plurality of intelligent auxiliary separation structures 18 are arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cover 11 corresponding to the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the magnetic separation structure 14 and the fine crushing structure 15, meanwhile, a feeding port 101, a discharging port 102, an air inlet 103 and an air outlet 104 are respectively arranged on the sealing cover 11, the discharging port 102 is communicated with a rough material product processing chamber 5, the air inlet 103 is communicated with a circulating fan 10 through a fifth pipeline 205, meanwhile, the multi-stage sieving machine 16 is close to the air inlet 103, and the air outlet 104 is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 through a first pipeline 201.
The coarse sorting structure 12 of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a filtering device, the coarse crushing structure 13 includes, but is not limited to, a jaw crusher, the magnetic separation structure 14 includes, but is not limited to, a magnetic separator, the intelligent auxiliary sorting structure 18 includes, but is not limited to, an artificial intelligence device, a mechanical arm, a camera, and an image processor, and the fine crushing structure 15 includes, but is not limited to, an impact crusher, since the single coarse sorting structure 12, the coarse sorting structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the intelligent auxiliary sorting structure 18, the fine crushing structure 15, the multi-stage sifter 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17, and the second conveyor belt conveyor are prior art, and the structure thereof will not be described herein.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through a screening assembly line formed among the coarse separation structure 12, the coarse crushing structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18, the fine crushing structure 15, the multistage screening machine 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 and the second conveyor belt conveyor, the effect of separating different types of garbage can be realized, and the garbage can be continuously refined, so that a stable operation foundation is laid for the subsequent process;
in addition, the coarse separation structure 12, the coarse crushing structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18, the fine crushing structure 15, the multistage screening machine 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17, the second conveyor belt conveyor and the like can work in an environment with good sealing performance through the sealing cover 11, so that dust and odor can be prevented from leaking;
meanwhile, the multi-stage screening machine 16 is close to the air inlet 103, and due to the action of the circulating fan 10, an air separation space is formed around the multi-stage screening machine 16, so that under the combined action of screening and air separation of the multi-stage screening machine 16, the construction waste recycling objects with the particle size of less than 1500 micrometers can flow into the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 through the air separation effect, and the waste with the particle size of more than 30mm left by the multi-stage screening machine 16 is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure 14 through the second conveyor belt conveyor between the multi-stage screening machine 16 and the magnetic separation structure 14, so as to perform repeated circulating screening.
A particle size screening and ultra-clean discharging method of particulate matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, rough sorting: building garbage is put on the coarse separation structure 12 through a material inlet 101 of the sealing cover 11, the coarse separation structure 12 is used for removing the garbage with the particle size larger than 750mm in the building garbage, and the garbage with the particle size smaller than 750mm is conveyed to the coarse crushing structure 13 through a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the coarse separation structure 12 and the coarse crushing structure 13;
s2, coarse crushing: the coarse crushing structure 13 crushes the garbage with the particle size of less than 750mm to obtain the garbage with the particle size of less than 400 mm;
s3, magnetic separation: the garbage with the particle size of less than 400mm is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure 14 through a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the coarse crushing structure 13 and the magnetic separation structure 14, the magnetic separation structure 14 separates out iron metal, and the rest garbage is conveyed to the direction of the fine crushing structure 15 through the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the magnetic separation structure 14 and the fine crushing structure 15;
s4, intelligently selecting: during the process that the residual garbage is conveyed on a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the magnetic separation structure 14 and the fine crushing structure 15, wood, plastic and rubber substances are separated out by an intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18;
s5, fine crushing: conveying the garbage left in the step S4 to a fine crushing structure 15 for fine crushing to obtain construction garbage with the particle size of less than 30 mm;
s6, multi-stage sorting: the garbage with the particle size of less than 30mm is conveyed to the multi-stage sieving machine 16 by a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the fine crushing structure 15 and the multi-stage sieving machine 16, solid substances with a set particle size range are sorted out through a multi-stage sieving machine 16, the particle size range is 20-30mm, the particle size range is 10-20mm, and particles with the particle size range of 5-10mm are conveyed to a coarse material product processing chamber 5 for resource recycling, air blown by a circulating fan 10 forms an air separation space around the multi-stage sieving machine 16, under the winnowing action of the circulating fan 10, the construction waste recycling objects with the particle size of less than 1500 microns flow into the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 through the winnowing action, and the waste with the particle size of more than 30mm left on the multistage screening machine 16 is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure 14 through a second conveyor belt conveyor between the multistage screening machine 16 and the magnetic separation structure 14 so as to be repeatedly and circularly screened;
s7, solid-liquid separation: the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 removes moisture contained in garbage with the particle size of less than 1500 microns, the remaining dry garbage enters the cyclone separator 3 through a pipeline under the action of a fan, and waste liquid flows into the waste liquid collecting device 21 to be stored for environment-friendly treatment;
s8, gas-liquid separation: the cyclone separator 3 carries out cyclone separation on the dry garbage obtained in the step, the gaseous garbage is a mixture formed by wind introduced by a fan and garbage with the particle size smaller than 100 microns, the gaseous garbage enters a cyclone sieve 6 through a pipeline, and the filtered and blocked particles enter a rotary vibration sieve 4;
s9, first particle size screening: the cyclone vibrating screen 4 screens the particles filtered by the cyclone separator 3 into particles with a set range of particle size, and the garbage with the particle size range of 100-1500 microns enters the coarse material product processing chamber 5 for recycling;
s10, secondary particle size screening: the cyclone sieve 6 further sieves the garbage with the grain size of less than 100 microns into the particulate matter with the grain size of 50 to 100 microns and other particulate matter, and the particulate matter with the grain size of 50 to 100 microns enters the fine material product processing chamber 7 for recycling;
s11, filtering and screening a third particle size: the garbage with the particle size less than 50 microns is blocked and filtered by a bag-type dust collector 8 and conveyed to a fine material product processing chamber 7 for recycling;
s12, ultra clean discharge: under the action of the circulating fan 10, 85-95 percent of clean air passing through the bag-type dust collector 8 sequentially passes through the fourth pipeline 204 and the fifth pipeline 205 and enters the sealing cover 11, and the rest air is exhausted through the exhaust fan 9.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the particle size range obtained by separation in the step S6 is 20-30mm, the particle size range is 10-20mm, and the materials with the particle size range of 5-10mm are conveyed to the coarse material product processing chamber 5 through a conveyor belt, a package or other modes.
The invention adopts the steps to realize the following beneficial effects: the resource waste is avoided, the resource utilization of wastes is realized, and the resource degree maximization is improved.
Through the steps, the following technical effects can be realized:
(1, through a screening production line formed among the coarse separation structure 12, the coarse crushing structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18, the fine crushing structure 15, the multistage screening machine 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 and the second conveyor belt conveyor, the effect of separating different types of garbage can be realized, and the garbage can be continuously refined, so that a stable operation foundation is laid for the subsequent process;
(2) the recycling of the construction waste is maximized;
(3) particle size screening of the dust gas is realized, so that particles in different particle size ranges can be recycled;
(4) most of dust gas is absorbed and utilized by the invention, so that only a small amount of dust is contained in the discharged air, therefore, the invention realizes the ultra-clean discharge of the strict standard of particulate matters, and the discharge air volume is reduced by more than 80%;
(5) the primary treatment sorting system 1 is provided with a plurality of sorting systems connected in series and/or in parallel through pipelines, and 24-hour continuous operation is realized;
(6) according to the invention, the coarse separation structure 12, the coarse crushing structure 13, the magnetic separation structure 14, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18, the fine crushing structure 15, the multistage screening machine 16, the first conveyor belt conveyor 17, the second conveyor belt conveyor and the like can work in an environment with good sealing performance through the sealing cover 11, so that dust and odor can be prevented from leaking.
Example (b):
the working principle of the invention is as follows:
s1, rough sorting: building garbage is put on the coarse separation structure 12 through a material inlet 101 of the sealing cover 11, the coarse separation structure 12 is used for removing the garbage with the particle size larger than 750mm in the building garbage, and the garbage with the particle size smaller than 750mm is conveyed to the coarse crushing structure 13 through a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the coarse separation structure 12 and the coarse crushing structure 13;
s2, coarse crushing: the coarse crushing structure 13 crushes the garbage with the particle size of less than 750mm to obtain the garbage with the particle size of less than 400 mm;
s3, magnetic separation: the garbage with the particle size of less than 400mm is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure 14 through a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the coarse crushing structure 13 and the magnetic separation structure 14, the magnetic separation structure 14 separates out iron metal, and the rest garbage is conveyed to the direction of the fine crushing structure 15 through the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the magnetic separation structure 14 and the fine crushing structure 15;
s4, intelligently selecting: in the process that the residual garbage is conveyed on a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the magnetic separation structure 14 and the fine crushing structure 15, the intelligent auxiliary separation structure 18 separates out substances such as wood, plastics, rubber and the like;
s5, fine crushing: conveying the garbage left in the step S4 to a fine crushing structure 15 for fine crushing to obtain construction garbage with the particle size of less than 30 mm;
s6, multi-stage sorting: the waste with the particle size of less than 30mm is conveyed to the multi-stage screening machine 16 by a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 between the fine crushing structure 15 and the multi-stage screening machine 16, solid substances with a set particle size range are sorted out through a multi-stage sieving machine 16, the particle size range is 20-30mm, the particle size range is 10-20mm, and particles with the particle size range of 5-10mm are conveyed to a coarse material product processing chamber 5 for resource recycling, air blown by a circulating fan 10 forms an air separation space around the multi-stage sieving machine 16, under the winnowing action of the circulating fan 10, the construction waste recycling objects with the particle size of less than 1500 microns flow into the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 through the winnowing action, and the waste with the particle size of more than 30mm left on the multistage screening machine 16 is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure 14 through a second conveyor belt conveyor between the multistage screening machine 16 and the magnetic separation structure 14 so as to be repeatedly and circularly screened;
s7, solid-liquid separation: the gas-liquid cyclone separator 2 removes moisture contained in garbage with the particle size of less than 1500 microns, the remaining dry garbage enters the cyclone separator 3 through a pipeline under the action of a fan, and waste liquid flows into the waste liquid collecting device 21 to be stored for environment-friendly treatment;
s8, gas-liquid separation: the cyclone separator 3 carries out cyclone separation on the dry garbage obtained in the step, the gaseous garbage is a mixture formed by wind introduced by a fan and garbage with the particle size smaller than 100 microns, the gaseous garbage enters a cyclone sieve 6 through a pipeline, and the filtered and blocked particles enter a rotary vibration sieve 4;
s9, first particle size screening: the cyclone sieve 4 sieves the particles filtered by the cyclone separator 3 into particles with a set range of particle size, and the particles with the particle size range of 100-1500 microns generally enter the coarse material product processing chamber 5 for recycling;
s10, secondary particle size screening: the cyclone sieve 6 further sieves the garbage with the particle size of less than 100 microns into particles with the particle size of 50-100 microns and other particles, and the garbage with the particle size of 50-100 microns enters the fine material product processing chamber 7 for recycling;
s11, filtering and screening a third particle size: the garbage with the particle size less than 50 microns is blocked and filtered by a bag-type dust collector 8 and conveyed to a fine material product processing chamber 7 for recycling;
s12, ultra clean discharge: under the action of the circulating fan 10, 85-95 percent of clean air passing through the bag-type dust collector 8 sequentially passes through the fourth pipeline 204 and the fifth pipeline 205 and enters the sealing cover 11, and the residual air is exhausted through the exhaust fan 9.
In the above step 1, when the garbage is put in through the material inlet 101, a small amount of wind (for example, 500 cubic meters) is brought into the sealing cover 11, the small amount of wind (for example, 500 cubic meters) circulates along with the garbage according to the above steps, the wind blown by the circulating fan 10 is a large amount of wind (for example, 20000 cubic meters), the large amount of wind (for example, 20000 cubic meters) also circulates along with the garbage according to the above steps, after the small amount of wind (for example, 500 cubic meters) + the large amount of wind (for example, 20000 cubic meters) passes through the bag-type dust collector 8, the large amount of wind (for example, 20000 cubic meters) enters into the sealing cover 11 by passing through the fourth pipe 204 and the fifth pipe 205 in sequence, and the small amount of wind (for example, 500 cubic meters) is exhausted by the exhaust fan 9, so that the exhaust fan 9 can stabilize the air pressure balance of the whole apparatus of the present invention, and most of the construction garbage is absorbed and utilized by the present invention, therefore, only a small amount of dust is contained in the discharged air, the ultra-clean emission of the strict standard of particulate matters is realized, the emission of the discharged air volume is reduced by more than 80%, and the recycling of the construction waste is maximized.
Wherein, (1) the experiment from step S1 to step S6 of the present invention (the experimental data is in a manner of using a plurality of sorting machines in series to realize safe and efficient sorting of garbage) is as follows:
garbage enters the primary treatment sorting system 1 through the material inlet 101, and substances with larger sizes are firstly sorted out through the rough sorting structure 12, so that the efficiency can reach more than 70%; a first conveyor belt conveyor 17 is arranged below the rough separation structure 12, the speed and the angle of the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 can be adjusted according to feeding materials, materials on the first conveyor belt conveyor 17 firstly pass through the magnetic separation structure 14, ferromagnetic materials are separated through the magnetic separation structure 14, and the separation efficiency of a magnetic separation area can reach over 90%; and then entering an intelligent auxiliary sorting area, and carrying out primary classification according to material types, wherein the wood recognition rate is over 90 percent, the plastic recognition rate is over 80 percent, and the rubber recognition rate is over 85 percent. The following table is run data.
(2) The resource regeneration experiment of the invention is as follows:
for the construction waste generated in the demolition project, the high-quality broken stones and high-quality sand generated in the coarse product can be used for manufacturing high-quality concrete, environment-friendly bricks and the like, the coarse material is sieved by a sieve with the aperture of 2.5mm, different mixing agents are added to prepare new mortar, and the cement mortar can be used as a recycled fine aggregate and is prepared into new construction mortar together with other materials.
As for clay baked bricks, the strength is very low, the clay baked bricks are easy to crush to generate fine powder, materials with the particle size of less than 0.15mm (the particle size is 0.1-0.15mm generally) are recovered in a coarse product processing area after air separation through crushing and screening, and the materials can be used for manufacturing light concrete instead of powder, play a role in filling the light concrete, increase the workability and compactness of the concrete and further improve the strength of the concrete.
Aiming at construction wastes made of special materials, such as construction decorations printed by high polymer materials 3D, landscape bridges and the like, after coarse product screening, particles with the particle size of less than 100 micrometers enter a cyclone sieve and a bag-type dust collector, and after being trapped, resource recovery is carried out in a fine product processing area, and the recovery rate can reach 85%.
(3) The experiments relating to the ultra-clean emissions of the present invention are as follows:
closed type trapping cover is not arranged before transformation of the factory, most of the trapping cover is inorganically discharged, dust exceeding events often occur, after the trapping cover is changed into a centralized collection mode, the treated air volume is 10000m3After the scheme is adopted, the external air discharge amount is 1000m3H, realizes 90 percent of emission reduction and ultra-clean emission, and the emission concentration of particulate matters is about 3mg/m3。
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a device of particle size screening and ultra-clean emission of particulate matter which characterized in that includes:
a primary treatment sorting system (1), the primary treatment sorting system (1) comprising: the device comprises a sealing cover (11), a rough separation structure (12), a rough crushing structure (13), a magnetic separation structure (14), a fine crushing structure (15) and a multi-stage screening machine (16) which are sequentially communicated with the rough separation structure (12) through a first conveyor belt conveyor (17), wherein the multi-stage screening machine (16) is communicated with the magnetic separation structure (14) through a second conveyor belt conveyor, the sealing cover (11) is respectively covered on the rough separation structure (12), the rough separation structure (13), the magnetic separation structure (14), the fine crushing structure (15), the multi-stage screening machine (16), the first conveyor belt conveyor (17) and the second conveyor belt conveyor, and a plurality of intelligent auxiliary separation structures (18) are arranged on the inner wall of the sealing cover (11) corresponding to the first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the magnetic separation structure (14) and the fine crushing structure (15), meanwhile, a feeding port (101), a discharging port (102), an air inlet (103) and an air outlet (104) are respectively formed in the sealing cover (11), the multi-stage sieving machine (16) is close to the air inlet (103), and the air outlet (104) is sequentially communicated with a gas-liquid cyclone separator (2), a cyclone separator (3), a rotary vibration sieve (4) and a coarse material product processing chamber (5) through a first pipeline (201);
the cyclone screen (6) is communicated with the cyclone separator (3) through a second pipeline (202), and meanwhile, the cyclone screen (6) is communicated with a fine material product processing chamber (7) and a bag-type dust collector (8) through a third pipeline (203);
the exhaust fan (9), the exhaust fan (9) is communicated with the bag-type dust collector (8) through a fourth pipeline (204);
a recirculation fan (10), said recirculation fan (10) being connected to said fourth conduit (204) and to said primary treatment sorting system (1) by a fifth conduit (205), respectively; the discharge port (102) is communicated with the coarse material product processing chamber (5), and the air inlet (103) is communicated with the circulating fan (10) through the fifth pipeline (205);
the intelligent aid structure (18) includes an artificial intelligence device, a robotic arm, a camera, and an image processor.
2. The apparatus for size screening and ultra-clean discharging of particulate matter according to claim 1, further comprising: and the waste liquid collecting device (21), and the waste liquid collecting device (21) is communicated with the gas-liquid cyclone separator (2).
3. The device for particle size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that the fine material product processing chamber (7) is simultaneously connected to the bag-type dust collector (8) through a sixth pipe (206).
4. The apparatus for size screening and ultra-clean discharge of particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that said primary treatment sorting system (1) has a plurality connected in series and/or in parallel by pipes.
5. A particle size screening and ultra-clean discharging method of particulate matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, rough sorting: building garbage is placed on a rough separation structure (12) through a material inlet (101) of a sealing cover (11), the garbage with the particle size larger than 750mm in the building garbage is removed through the rough separation structure (12), and the garbage with the particle size smaller than 750mm is conveyed to a rough crushing structure (13) through a first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the rough separation structure (12) and the rough crushing structure (13);
s2, coarse crushing: the coarse crushing structure (13) crushes the garbage with the particle size of less than 750mm to obtain the garbage with the particle size of less than 400 mm;
s3, magnetic separation: garbage with the particle size of less than 400mm is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure (14) through a first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the coarse crushing structure (13) and the magnetic separation structure (14), iron metal is separated out through the magnetic separation structure (14), and the rest garbage is conveyed to the direction of the fine crushing structure (15) through the first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the magnetic separation structure (14) and the fine crushing structure (15);
s4, intelligently selecting: during the process that the residual garbage is conveyed on a first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the magnetic separation structure (14) and the fine crushing structure (15), an intelligent auxiliary separation structure (18) separates out wood, plastic and rubber substances; the intelligent aid structure (18) includes an artificial intelligence device, a robotic arm, a camera, and an image processor.
S5, fine crushing: conveying the garbage left in the step S4 to the fine crushing structure (15) for fine crushing to obtain construction garbage with the particle size of less than 30 mm;
s6, multi-stage sorting: garbage with the particle size of less than 30mm is conveyed to a multi-stage screening machine (16) by a first conveyor belt conveyor (17) between the fine crushing structure (15) and the multi-stage screening machine (16), solids in a set particle size range are sorted by the multi-stage screening machine (16), particulate matters with the particle size range of 20-30mm, the particle size range of 10-20mm and the particle size range of 5-10mm are conveyed to a coarse material product processing chamber (5) for resource recycling, air blown in by a circulating fan (10) forms an air separation space around the multi-stage screening machine (16), under the air separation action of the circulating fan (10), construction garbage recycling materials with the particle size of less than 1500 micrometers flow into a gas-liquid cyclone separator (2) through the air separation function of the screening machine, and garbage with the rest particle size of more than 30mm in the multi-stage screening machine (16) is conveyed to the magnetic separation structure (14) by a second conveyor belt conveyor between the multi-stage screening machine (16) and the magnetic separation structure (14) Structure (14) screened in repeated cycles;
s7, solid-liquid separation: the gas-liquid cyclone separator (2) removes moisture contained in garbage with the particle size of less than 1500 microns, the remaining dry garbage enters the cyclone separator (3) through a pipeline under the action of the circulating fan (10), and waste liquid flows into the waste liquid collecting device (21) to be stored for environment-friendly treatment;
s8, gas-liquid separation: the cyclone separator (3) carries out cyclone separation on the dry garbage obtained in the step, gaseous garbage is a mixture formed by wind introduced by the circulating fan (10) and garbage with the particle size smaller than 100 microns, the gaseous garbage enters the cyclone sieve (6) through a pipeline, and the filtered and blocked particles enter the rotary vibration sieve (4);
s9, first particle size screening: the rotary vibration sieve (4) sieves the particles filtered by the cyclone separator (3) into particles with a set range of particle size, and the garbage with the particle size range of 100-1500 micrometers enters the coarse material product processing chamber (5) for recycling;
s10, secondary particle size screening: the cyclone sieve (6) further sieves the garbage with the particle size of less than 100 micrometers into particles with the particle size of 50-100 micrometers and other particles, and the particles with the particle size of 50-100 micrometers enter the fine material product processing chamber (7) for recycling;
s11, filtering and screening a third particle size: the garbage with the particle size of less than 50 microns is blocked and filtered by a bag-type dust collector (8) and is conveyed to a fine material product processing chamber (7) for recycling;
s12, ultra clean discharge: under the action of a circulating fan (10), 85-95 percent of clean air passing through the bag-type dust collector (8) sequentially passes through a fourth pipeline (204) and a fifth pipeline (205) and enters the sealing cover (11), and the residual air is discharged through an exhaust fan (9).
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| CN110694910A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-17 | 北京建工资源循环利用投资有限公司 | Dry type sorting system and sorting method for construction waste |
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