WO2014179907A1

WO2014179907A1 - Apparatus for recycling waste plastic by dry method and recycling method

Info

Publication number: WO2014179907A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/000940
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孙立志
Original assignee: Sun Lizhi
Priority date: 2013-05-07
Filing date: 2013-08-09
Publication date: 2014-11-13

Abstract

An apparatus for recycling waste plastics by a dry method, comprising a crushing unit, an impurity-removing unit, a separating unit, a pelleting and chopping unit and a controlling unit; wherein the impurity-removing unit for raw materials consists of a blanking processor (3), a magnetic impurity-removing separator (4), a bridge-cut-off impurity-removing separator (5), a cutting machine (8), and filters (6, 9), and the separating unit for the raw materials and impurities consists of dust collectors (7, 10), a cyclone separator (13), and a separator (14). A recycling method based on the recycling apparatus for waste plastics, which needs no washing with water, and mainly comprises crushing, impurity-removing, dust collecting, separating, pelleting, chopping and packaging steps. The present invention has the following advantages: no need of washing with water, low pollution, low labour intensity, a short process flow, simple equipment, low costs and high recovery.

Description

Dry waste plastic recycling device and regeneration method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic reclaimed chemical manufacturing, in particular to a waterless dry waste plastic recycling device and a regeneration method.

Background technique

Since the advent of plastic products, it has been widely applied to various industries in society, promoting social development and progress, bringing great convenience to people's production and life, and increasing social use. However, the environmental impact and harm of various waste plastics have also increased, and the recycling of waste plastics has developed into an important part of the renewable resources industry.

In the current prior art, waste plastics have been processed by water washing. The method is backward in technology, labor-intensive, labor-intensive, low in production efficiency, high in energy consumption, poor working environment, and wasteful plastic waste, especially for large water consumption. Continuous rinsing, resulting in a large amount of sewage, sludge mixed with plastic wire discharge, serious pollution of rivers and groundwater sources, pollution of the surrounding environment and a large number of farmland. It has seriously deteriorated our living environment and also ruined future generations. For example, the invention patent application with the application number of "201010507426.8" discloses a recycling process of waste plastics, and the specific steps include: firstly, the waste polyethylene plastic is crushed, washed by a washing cylinder, and then twice in the pool. It is rinsed and dried, and then plasticized by various raw materials, activators, compatibilizers, etc., and finally cut into various granular plastics.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a dry waste plastic recycling apparatus and a regeneration method which do not require water washing in order to solve the above technical problems.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

A dry waste plastic recycling device mainly comprises a crushing device, a removing device, a separating device, a granulating and pelletizing device and a control device; the crushing device comprises a conveyor and a crusher; a processor, a magnetic force remover, a bridge removing device, a first filter, a cutter, a second filter, and a vibrating screen; the separating device is separated by a first vacuum cleaner, a second vacuum cleaner, a cyclone, And a main fan; the granulation and pelletizing device comprises a feeder, a silo, a suction machine, a feeder, a first granulator, a second granulator, a third granulator and a pelletizer; The control device includes a general control box, a PLC control device, and a manual control device and an auto-reduction buck control device.

Further, the blanking processor comprises a frame, a discharge pipe, an adjustment screw for adjusting the air supply, a curve adjustment plate, and a hole plate bottom plate and a dust plate for blanking.

Further, the bridge removing device comprises a casing, a feeding tube, a discharging tube, an adjusting tube and a dropping port; wherein the casing behind the feeding tube has a structure that suddenly becomes large, the feeding tube and the discharging device The tube is a broken tube with a certain drop, and the regulating tube can adjust the distance between the feeding tube and the discharging tube. Instruction manual

Further, the cutting machine is a cylindrical structure, which comprises a cylindrical rotor, a plurality of metal cones are uniformly disposed thereon, and an adjustable limit blade is arranged at the feeding opening of the cutting machine, and the bottom of the cutting machine There is a dust board.

According to the dry waste plastic recycling method of the above dry waste plastic recycling device, the method does not need water washing, and the method includes the steps of crushing, impurity removing, vacuuming, separating, granulating, pelletizing, and packaging, specifically -

(1) crushing the polyethylene or polypropylene material in the crusher, and the material after the crushing passes through the blanking processor to realize the first impurity removing step;

(2) the material after the blanking processor is sequentially passed through the magnetic force remover, the bridge removing device and the first filter to realize the second removing step;

(3) the material passing through the first filter enters the first vacuum cleaner, and the first separation is performed, and the separated material enters the cutting machine and the second filter to realize the third impurity removing step;

(4) The material passing through the second filter enters the second vacuum cleaner for a second separation, and the separated material enters the vibrating screen to remove the sand particles, and the clean materials are transported to the silo through the feeder for preparation for granulation; The dust and part of the material sucked by the vacuum cleaner and the second vacuum cleaner are separated by a cyclone and a separator for a third time, and the materials of the size that meet the requirements after the separator are separated into the recovery machine and sent to the silo for granulation;

(5) The granulation comprises a three-stage granulation method of heating in a first granulator, reheating and slag in a second granulator, and granulation in a third granulator;

(6) The qualified plastic wire produced from the third granulator is subjected to pelletizing and then weighed and packaged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) No need for water washing, dry process production can be processed clean, meet the granulation conditions of the plastic wire block, and no sewage discharge, in line with environmental protection requirements, and can be produced in the harsh winter season in the north, to achieve all-day production;

(2) The production equipment is under negative pressure and closed operation. The production workshop will not be polluted by flying dust. The exhaust air has been separated by multiple stages of filtration and discharged through the dust collector. The air is not polluted, except for manual feeding to the conveyor belt. No manual labor, reducing labor intensity, reducing the amount of work, and solving on-site pollution;

(3) The process is short, the equipment is simple, the operation is reliable, the cost is low, the output of the equipment table is high, the dry material is broken, the dry material granulation power consumption is low (compared with the original water washing method), the production efficiency is high, and the unit cost is reduced;

(4) The recovery rate of the invention is high, the plastics are basically free of loss, and there is no pollutant discharge. The gravel and cement powder discharged separately from the cement bag can be recycled or returned to nature. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a dry waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the control structure of each device of the present invention.

Figure 3a is a front view of the blanking processor.

Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A of the blanking processor.

Figure 3c is a left side view of the blanking processor.

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bridge removing device.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutter. The names of the parts in the figure are as follows:

1-Conveyor, 2-Crusher, 3-Annotation Processor, 4-Magnetic Eliminator, 5-Break Eliminator, 6-First Filter, 7-First Vacuum Cleaner, 8-Break Machine, 9-second filter, 10-second vacuum cleaner, 11-vibrating screen, 12-feeder, 13-spinner, 14-separator, 15-recovery machine, 16-dust collector, 17-master Book Fan, 18- Silo, 19-Suction Machine, 20-Automatic Feeder, 21-First Founder, 22-Second Granulator, 23-Third Granulator, 24-Pelletizer , 25-total control box, 26-PLC control unit, 27-manual control unit, 28-auto-coupled step-down control unit, 31- blanking processor rack, 32- blanking processor discharge tube, 33-adjustment Screw, 34-curve adjustment plate, 35-hole plate leak bottom, 36-dust board, 41-broken bridge remover feed tube, 42- regulating tube, 43-broken bridge remover housing, 44-broken bridge Eliminator blanking port, 45-broken bridge remover discharge pipe, 81-cylinder rotor, 82-limit blade

detailed description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A dry waste plastic recycling device mainly comprises a crushing device, a removing device, a separating device, a granulating and pelletizing device and a control device, wherein the crushing device is mainly composed of a conveyor 1 and a crusher 2; The material processor 3, the magnetic force remover 4, the bridge removing device 5, the first filter 6, the unloader 8, the second filter 9 and the vibrating screen 11; the separating device is composed of the first vacuum cleaner 7, the second The vacuum cleaner 10, the cyclone 13, the separator 14, and the main fan 17; the granulating and granulating device comprises a feeder 12, a silo 18, a suction machine 19, a feeder 20, a first granulator 21, The second granulator 22, the third granulator 23, and the granulator 24 are comprised; the control device includes a main control box 25, a PLC control unit 26, and a manual control unit 27 and an auto-reduction step-down control unit 28.

Referring to Fig. 2, wherein the conveyor 1 is a conveyor belt structure, the manual control device 27 is used to control the conveyance of the raw materials. The crusher 2 is a conventional crusher in the prior art for crushing raw materials, and its motor is controlled by an auto-coupled buck control device 28. The remaining equipment is controlled by PLC control unit 26 and controlled by master control box 25.

Referring to FIG. 3, the blanking processor 3 includes a frame 31, a discharge pipe 32, and an adjustment screw and a curve adjustment plate 34 for adjusting the air supply, and an orifice plate 35 and a dust plate 36 for blanking, and the adjustment curve is fixed by the adjusting screw. The adjustment plate adopts the axial air supply to overcome the interference of the rotary wind in the pipeline, and adopts the curved plate structure to supplement the wind, so that the lightweight plastic wire block does not fall to the bottom, and the smooth axial operation is performed by the wind. Withdraw, no longer rotate, no longer settle, no longer blocked. The massive heavy objects such as metal objects, stones, cement blocks, glass blocks, etc., which are smaller than the aperture of the bottom plate of the orifice plate, are decelerated and settled down by the radial air supply, leaking from the bottom of the leak, and from the falling plate 36 having a sloped structure. Slide it out on your own.

An electromagnetic device is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic eliminator to suck away metal debris.

Referring to Figure 4, the bridge removing device 4 includes a casing 43, a feeding pipe 41, a discharging pipe 45, an adjusting pipe 42 and a dropping port 44; wherein the casing behind the feeding pipe has a structure that suddenly becomes large, The material pipe and the discharge pipe are broken bridge tubes with a drop difference X. The material enters the bridge removing and removing device 4 under the action of wind speed, and the space suddenly becomes large, and the wind is disturbed at the lower end, and the distance between the broken bridge tubes is broken. Under the combined effect of the bridge tube position, the heavy debris decelerates and settles down and slips out of the stray hole. Only the lightweight plastic wire block is complete.

Say

The part enters the device through the broken bridge, achieving the purpose of separation and impurity removal. The adjusting tube 42 is used to adjust the distance between the broken bridges, and the target is removed.

Bright

When the weight is heavy, the size of the broken bridge is shortened, and when the target is light, the size of the broken bridge is lengthened.

The first filter 6 and the second filter 9 are both ducted screen structures having different mesh sizes, wherein the first filter is a 5 mm mesh opening; the second filter is a 3 mm mesh opening.

Referring to Fig. 5, the unloader 8 has a cylindrical structure including a cylindrical rotor 81 on which a plurality of metal tapers are uniformly disposed, each of which forms a striking point. There is an adjustable limit blade 82 at the inlet, and the taper on the high-speed rotor at the feed port cooperates with the limit blade to break the large plastic block, and the uniform material is integrated in the wind and cone arrangement. Under the action, the material runs along the circumferential spiral direction to the exit direction. The movement track of the material is according to the design requirements. Generally, it reaches 4 times to reach the discharge port. The instantaneous speed of the material during high-speed rotation is about 20 m/s. The block material is repeatedly struck by different directions of the cone nails, so that the dust and the like adhering to the sand are detached. In theory, the more hit points, the more hits, the faster and cleaner the strike. A dust plate is arranged at the bottom of the cutter.

Other mechanical devices of the present invention are conventional mechanical devices in the art, and their functions are well known to those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art may use other mechanical devices having similar functions instead of using them. One by one.

The blanking processor, the bridge removing device, the magnetic decontaminator, the material cutting machine and the filter constitute a gravity removing device for the raw material, the magnetic force removing, the material removing and the impurity removing device and the dust removing device; the vacuum cleaner and the screw The separator and the separator constitute a separating device for the raw material and the impurities; the first granulator, the second granulator and the third granulator, and the granulation mechanism become a granulation and granulating device for the clean plastic wire.

The dry waste plastic regeneration method is to replace the water washing method with the no-washing process to process the waste plastic into a qualified granule. The production method uses a no-clean process to regenerate polypropylene raw materials such as various waste woven bags, cement woven bags, and the like. Processing into plastic pellets, or recycling of polyethylene raw materials such as various waste plastic films into plastic pellets.

Next, the anhydrous waste plastic regeneration method of the present invention is introduced by a specific embodiment, which mainly includes steps of crushing, impurity removal, vacuuming, separation, granulation, pelletizing, packaging, etc., and the specific steps are as follows:

First, crushing and removing impurities, vacuum separation 4 _%Λ1

Description

" ~ ~ Raw material crushing is carried out in the crusher 2, and the raw materials after crushing are sequentially subjected to gravity removal, magnetic decontamination, unloading and impurity removal, and then filtering and separating, and then performing the steps of vacuuming and separating. The specific steps are as follows:

First, the waste plastic raw materials are transported from the warehouse to the workshop, and then fed to the conveyor 1, and the raw materials are conveyed to the crusher 2 through the conveyor belt of the conveyor 1, and after being crushed, the blanking processor 3 disposed in the lower portion of the crusher 2 is introduced. Gravity removal, in the blanking processor 3, by adjusting the speed of the axial blowing, overcoming the interference of the rotating wind in the blanking processor, the lighter waste plastic block is operated in the axial direction without blocking and blocking, and at the same time, the stone, After the heavy debris of cement block, gravel, metal objects and other materials settles, it leaks from the bottom of the blanking processor, and the falling mouth has a slope, so that the heavy debris can slide out by the slope to achieve the first pass. Miscellaneous steps.

The crushed material enters the magnetic force remover 4 through the blanking processor 3, and the metal debris of the same weight of the waste plastic block that is not removed in the blanking processor is under the action of the magnetic force, from the magnetic force removing device 4 The bottom of the pipe settles down, is adsorbed and cleaned and collected. After the magnetic force is removed, the material enters the bridge removing device 5, and the materials entering the broken bridge removing device 5 also have various unremoved heavy objects and the gravity of the plastic wire block, which suddenly changes the space. Under the action of adjusting the wind to decelerate, most of the heavy debris falls off from the broken bridge remover and leaks from the lower port, and the waste plastic wire does not settle completely. Then, the material passes through the first filter 6, and the first filter 6 is a pipe screen. In the filtering area, impurities such as gravel leak out during operation. After passing through the filter screen, impurities larger than 5 mra have been removed, and the second pass is eliminated. step.

After the second impurity removal material enters the first vacuum cleaner 7, the first separation is performed. After the dust and the material are separated, the dust and the partially separated material are subjected to a subsequent separation step by the cyclone 13 and the separator 14, and the material is opened. The material machine 8 is separated by the rapid repeated mechanical striking and wind force of the cutting machine 8, and the attachments, sand dust, mud, etc. on the waste plastic block fall off, and from the slope of the falling board of the bottom of the cutting machine. Slide out. Then, the material passes through the second filter 9, and the second filter 9 is also a pipeline screen structure. After the impurities pass through the sieve, impurities larger than 3 mm have been removed, and the third impurity removal step is realized.

After three times of decontamination and one separation, the material enters the second vacuum cleaner 10 for a second separation. After the second vacuuming, the dust and the material are separated, and the separated material enters the vibrating screen 11 to remove the sand, and the clean material passes. Feeder 12 is delivered to silo 18 for granulation. The dust and part of the material sucked by the first vacuum cleaner and the second vacuum cleaner are subjected to a subsequent separation step through the cyclone 13 and the separator 14, and the material after passing through the separator separates the material of the required size into the recovery machine 15, generally greater than 100. The purpose of the broken filaments is separated and delivered to a silo 18 for granulation. The extremely fine dust (very fine dust) separated by the separator 14 is filtered by the dust collector 16 and automatically discharged into the dust bag. The filtered air is tested and then environmentally friendly. It is discharged outside the workshop through the main fan 17.

Second, granulation, pelletizing, packaging

The granulation comprises a three-stage granulation method, which is heating in a first granulator, reheating and slag filtration in a second granulator, and granulation in a third granulator, producing from a third granulator. The qualified plastic wire is weighed and packaged after being pelletized. Specific Description

As follows - a clean plastic wire that meets the granulation conditions in the silo 18 is fed to the feeder 20 via a suction machine 19, which feeds the dry material evenly at a matching speed and by mechanical pressurization. The wire is fed to a first granulator 21 which is provided with a feeder circulation fan which can be circulated back to the silo 18. The plastic wire block heated by the first granulator 21 is sent to the second hopper 22, reheated and filtered in the second granulator, and then passed to the third granulator 23, from the third granulator. 23 The produced plastic wire enters the cooling tank, and finally is granulated by the pelletizer 24 and then weighed and packaged.

The invention does not need water washing, and the dry process can produce the plastic wire block which is clean and meets the granulation condition, and has no sewage discharge, and meets the environmental protection requirements. The production apparatus of the present invention is operated under negative pressure. There will be no dust pollution in the production workshop. The exhaust air has been separated by multiple stages of filtration and discharged through the dust collector. The air is free from pollution. The invention can be produced in the north in the harsh winter season because it does not need to be washed, and the whole day production is realized. The whole process of the whole production process of the invention is an automatic closed operation. Except for manual feeding to the conveyor belt, there is basically no manual labor, which reduces the labor intensity, reduces the amount of labor, solves the on-site pollution, and improves the traditional waste plastic recycling industry. The working environment and industry image have enhanced the industry's self-confidence and self-esteem. The invention has the advantages of short process, simple equipment, reliable operation, low cost, high output at the time of the device, low dry material, low power consumption of dry material granulation (compared with the original water washing method), high production efficiency and low unit cost. The invention has high recovery rate, basically no loss of plastics, and no pollutant discharge. The gravel and cement powder discharged separately from the cement bag can be reused or returned to nature separately.

The invention replaces the water washing method with heavy pollution and complicated process by physical crushing and separating, and can be processed and produced by using existing mechanical equipment, and the equipment investment is low, and can be widely adopted by small and medium-sized enterprises.

The process of the invention has been basically mature. After repeated trials, tests, trial production, and re-improvement, the prototype production device has been put into actual production, and the product quality has reached the design goal (more than the water washing material), and the production capacity can reach 800 kg in one hour, and the production capacity has reached Or exceed theoretical output.

The above description of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that those skilled in the art do not need to work creatively on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention. Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

A dry waste plastic recycling device comprising a crushing device, a removing device, a separating device, a granulating and pelletizing device, and a control device; wherein the crushing device comprises a conveyor and a crusher; The miscellaneous device comprises a blanking processor, a magnetic force remover, a broken bridge remover, a first filter, a cutter, a second filter and a vibrating screen; the separating device comprises a first vacuum cleaner, a second vacuum cleaner, a cyclone, a separator and a main fan; the granulating and granulating device comprises a feeder, a silo, a suction machine, a feeder, a first granulator, a second granulator, a third granulator, and The pelletizer; the control device comprises a total control box, a PLC control device, and a manual control device and an auto-reduction buck control device.

2 . The dry waste plastic recycling device according to claim 1 , wherein the blanking processor comprises a frame, a discharge pipe, an adjustment nail for adjusting the air supply, a curve adjustment plate, and a hole for blanking. The bottom of the board leaks and the dust board.

The dry waste plastic recycling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bridge removing device comprises a casing, a feeding pipe, a discharging pipe, an adjusting pipe, and a feeding opening; The casing behind the feed pipe has a structure that suddenly becomes large, and the feed pipe and the discharge pipe are bridge pipes having a certain drop, and the adjustment pipe can adjust the distance between the feed pipe and the discharge pipe.

The dry waste plastic recycling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting machine has a cylindrical structure, and comprises a cylindrical rotor, and a plurality of metal tapers are arranged on the hook. An adjustable limit blade is arranged at the feed opening of the cutter, and a dust plate is arranged at the bottom of the cutter.

The dry waste plastic recycling method of the dry waste plastic recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which method does not require water washing, and is characterized in that the method comprises crushing, removing impurities, vacuuming, separating, The steps of granulation, pelletizing, and packaging are specifically as follows:

(3) the material passing through the first filter enters the first vacuum cleaner for the first separation, and the separated material enters the cutting machine and the second filter to realize the third impurity removing step;