CN113242031B - Device for improving pulse compression energy utilization efficiency - Google Patents
Device for improving pulse compression energy utilization efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN113242031B CN113242031B CN202110348534.3A CN202110348534A CN113242031B CN 113242031 B CN113242031 B CN 113242031B CN 202110348534 A CN202110348534 A CN 202110348534A CN 113242031 B CN113242031 B CN 113242031B
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for improving the utilization efficiency of pulse compression energy, which comprises an arbitrary waveform generator, a high-power amplifier, a high-power circulator, a large metal cavity and a radiation antenna, wherein an output port OUT1 of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected with an input port IN1 of the high-power amplifier; the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier is connected with the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator; the output OUT3 of the high-power circulator is connected with the input port IN3 of the large-scale metal cavity, and the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator is connected with the coupling input port IN5 of the large-scale metal cavity; the large metal cavity output port OUT4 is connected with the radiation antenna input port IN 4. The invention feeds and utilizes microwave energy reflected by the input port of the large-scale metal cavity, effectively increases the output signal power under the condition of unchanged input signal power, and improves the energy utilization efficiency in the pulse compression process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for improving the utilization efficiency of pulse compression energy, which is used for solving the problem of low utilization efficiency of microwave energy in the process of path coding pulse compression and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves.
Background
The pulse compression technology can be used for compressing us-level long pulses to ns-level narrow pulses and obtaining certain power gain, and microwave pulses with high peak power can be realized, so that the application of the pulse compression technology is an effective way for obtaining HPM. The current pulse compression technology route applied to the HPM field mainly comprises SES, SLED type and the like, and the basic principle is that pulses with very wide pulse width are injected into a resonant cavity to store energy, and then the resonant cavity is mismatched by a switch, so that narrow pulses are obtained. Typically the pulse width is related to the size of the cavity and the pulse power will be greatly increased during compression. But are limited by the limitations of microwave open-pipe performance, such pulse compression methods have difficulty in achieving high peak power microwave pulses.
The pulse compression technology based on path coding does not adopt a microwave switch, codes phases and frequencies of microwave long pulses at different moments, and then realizes the compression of the microwave pulses in the time dimension by utilizing the multipath effect of the two-port large-sized metal cavity. The principle is that coded micro-wavelength pulses are fed into a large metal cavity through an input port, and after the coded micro-wavelength pulses are transmitted in the large metal cavity, narrow pulses with narrow pulse width and improved peak power are formed at an output port of the large metal cavity. To achieve good pulse compression, it is required that all of the microwave energy fed into the large metal cavity from the input port is concentrated at the output port for output.
However, because the large metal cavity is of a passive structure, after the microwave long pulse fed in by the input port excites the large metal cavity, part of microwave energy is reflected at the input port of the large metal cavity after the side wall of the large metal cavity is reflected for multiple times. The microwave energy reflected from the input port was statistically analyzed to account for approximately half of the total input energy. Since this part of the energy is not utilized, the overall energy utilization efficiency is low, resulting in a low pulse compression efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency is provided for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency and improving the pulse compression gain.
The solution of the invention is as follows:
a device for improving the utilization efficiency of pulse compression energy comprises an arbitrary waveform generator, a high-power amplifier, a high-power circulator, a large-scale metal cavity and a radiation antenna,
The output port OUT1 of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected with the input port IN1 of the high-power amplifier; the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier is connected with the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator; the output OUT3 of the high-power circulator is connected with the input port IN3 of the large-scale metal cavity, and the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator is connected with the coupling input port IN5 of the large-scale metal cavity; the large metal cavity output port OUT4 is connected with the radiation antenna input port IN 4;
The power capacity of the large metal cavity is greater than MW level, with two input ports IN2 and IN5 and one output port OUT 4.
Further, the high-power circulator has a power capacity above MW level, and when the microwave signal output by the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier is fed into the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator, the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator does not output the microwave signal.
Further, the microwave signal reflected by the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity enters the high-power circulator from the output port OUT3 of the high-power circulator, and is totally output by the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator, and no microwave reflected signal exists when the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator.
Further, the input port IN2 and the input port IN5 of the large metal cavity are polarized and isolated, namely when the microwave signal is fed IN from the input port IN2, the input port IN5 has no output signal; when the microwave signal is fed from the input port IN5, the input port IN2 has no output signal.
Further, the output port OUT4 of the large-sized metal cavity can receive electromagnetic waves IN any polarization direction, that is, when the input port IN2 feeds IN microwave signals, the microwave signals are output by the output port OUT 4; when a microwave signal is fed from the input port IN5, the microwave signal is also output from the output port OUT 4.
Further, the microwave signals reflected by the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity are all output by the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator, and are re-injected into the large metal cavity through the coupling input port IN5 of the large metal cavity; the microwave signal output by the large-scale metal cavity is radiated by the radiation antenna.
Further, the arbitrary waveform generator generates a microwave narrow pulse signal with a central carrier frequency, the pulse width of the microwave narrow pulse signal is ns-level, and the power is mW-level.
Further, the high-power amplifier amplifies the microwave narrow pulse signal power with the pulse width of ns magnitude generated by the arbitrary waveform generator into a microwave narrow pulse signal with the pulse width of ns magnitude and the power of kW magnitude; and amplifying the specific coded micro-wavelength pulse train power with the period of mu s and the power of mW generated by the arbitrary waveform generator into a microwave long pulse train signal with the period of mu s and the power of kW.
Further, the length, width and height of the large metal cavity are all 1m level, the large metal cavity has power capacity above GW level, and can compress microwave long pulse of ten MW level into microwave narrow pulse, so that power gain above 100 times is realized, and peak power of microwave pulse is improved to GW level.
Further, the radiating antenna has a power capacity of the order of magnitude above GW for directional radiation of ultra-high-frequency microwave narrow pulse train signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention feeds and utilizes microwave energy reflected by the input port of the large-scale metal cavity, effectively increases the output signal power under the condition of unchanged input signal power, and improves the energy utilization efficiency in the pulse compression process;
(2) The invention adopts the high-power circulator with the power capacity of MW level or more to realize the reutilization of reflected microwave energy, thereby avoiding the use of high-power absorption load;
(3) The invention does not limit or change the signal frequency band, the generated pulse compression signal has the characteristics of ultra-wide instantaneous bandwidth and high peak power, the generation of high-power microwaves can be effectively realized, and the pulse width can be flexibly changed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an implementation of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency mainly comprises an arbitrary waveform generator 1, a high-power amplifier 2, a high-power circulator 3, a large-scale metal cavity 4 and a radiation antenna 5.
The output port OUT1 of the arbitrary waveform generator 1 is connected with the input port IN1 of the high-power amplifier 2; the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier 2 is connected with the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator 3; the output OUT3 of the high-power circulator 3 is connected with the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity 4, and the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator 3 is connected with the coupling input port IN5 of the large metal cavity 4; the output port OUT4 of the large metal cavity 4 is connected with the input port IN4 of the radiating antenna 5.
The arbitrary waveform generator 1 is used for converting input arbitrary waveform data into a low-power microwave signal, and converting a digital waveform file into the low-power microwave signal. The high-power amplifier 2 is used for amplifying the low-power microwave signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator 1 to realize a high-power microwave pulse signal with a certain power level. The high-power microwave pulse signal output by the high-power amplifier 2 is fed into the large-scale metal cavity 4 after passing through the high-power circulator 3. When the microwave signal output by the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier 2 is input into the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator 3, the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator does not output the microwave signal; the high-power circulator 3 is used for extracting microwave signals reflected by an input port IN3 of the large metal cavity 4. After the microwave signal reflected by the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity 44 enters the high-power circulator 3, all the microwave signal is output by the coupling port OUT5, and at the moment, no microwave reflected signal exists at the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator 3.
The large metal cavity 4 is a multipath transmission environment, and the function of the large metal cavity 4 is to establish multipath transmission paths, and after the coded micro-wavelength pulse passes through the large metal cavity 4, a microwave narrow pulse signal with narrower pulse and improved power can be obtained at an output port of the large metal cavity 4. The radiation antenna 5 is used for radiating high-power microwave pulses output by the large-scale metal cavity 4.
The principle of the invention is as follows: after the pulse compression device is excited by the microwave long pulse fed in the large metal cavity, about half of microwave energy is reflected at the input port after the side wall of the pulse compression device is reflected for multiple times. The reflected microwave energy returns along the original path, and is output from the coupling port of the high-power circulator, and the microwave energy output by the coupling port is input into the pulse compression device again from the other input port of the large-scale metal cavity, so that the reutilization of the reflected energy of the input port is realized, and the microwave energy of the output port of the pulse compression device is improved.
The method mainly comprises a numerical simulation method and a hardware high-speed sampling method, wherein the whole process of realizing a pulse coding compression technology and improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency by adopting the high-speed sampling method is provided, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
further, a ns-level narrow pulse waveform with a central carrier frequency is constructed, and the generated narrow pulse waveform is led into an arbitrary waveform generator to generate a ns-level narrow pulse microwave signal. The ns-level narrow pulse microwave signal passes through a large circulator and a large metal cavity, and outputs a long pulse from an output port of the pulse compression device.
Further, the high-speed sampling oscilloscope is used for monitoring the microwave long pulse signal output by the pulse compression device and intercepting the sampling signal with a certain time length. The intercepted long pulse signal is digitized, the time sequence is reversed, and the signal amplitude is encoded in a unified way, so that a path encoded long pulse signal waveform file is obtained.
Further, the encoded long pulse signal waveform file is led into an arbitrary waveform generator to generate a long pulse path encoded microwave signal, the long pulse path encoded microwave signal is input into a high-power amplifier for amplification and then fed into a large-scale metal cavity for pulse compression, and then a high-power microwave narrow pulse signal with improved peak power and narrowed pulse width is obtained at an output port of the large-scale metal cavity.
In the whole, the input port of the pulse compression device only inputs microwave energy, and the microwave energy can only be output from the output port, so that the energy of the output compression signal is improved, and the utilization efficiency of the pulse compression energy is effectively improved.
The invention feeds and utilizes microwave energy reflected by the input port of the large-scale metal cavity, effectively increases the output signal power under the condition of unchanged input signal power, and improves the energy utilization efficiency in the pulse compression process;
The invention adopts the high-power circulator with the power capacity of MW level or more to realize the reutilization of reflected microwave energy, thereby avoiding the use of high-power absorption load;
The invention does not limit or change the signal frequency band, the generated pulse compression signal has the characteristics of ultra-wide instantaneous bandwidth and high peak power, the generation of high-power microwaves can be effectively realized, and the pulse width can be flexibly changed.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency is characterized by comprising an arbitrary waveform generator (1), a high-power amplifier (2), a high-power circulator (3), a large metal cavity (4) and a radiation antenna (5),
The output port OUT1 of the arbitrary waveform generator (1) is connected with the input port IN1 of the high-power amplifier (2); the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier (2) is connected with the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator (3); the output OUT3 of the high-power circulator (3) is connected with the input port IN3 of the large-scale metal cavity (4), and the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator (3) is connected with the coupling input port IN5 of the large-scale metal cavity (4); the output port OUT4 of the large metal cavity (4) is connected with the input port IN4 of the radiation antenna (5);
The power capacity of the large metal cavity (4) is larger than MW level, and the large metal cavity is provided with two input ports IN2 and IN5 and one output port OUT 4;
The high-power circulator (3) has a power capacity of MW level or more, and when a microwave signal output by the output port OUT2 of the high-power amplifier (2) is fed into the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator (3), a coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator (3) does not output the microwave signal.
2. The device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the microwave signal reflected by the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity (4) enters the high-power circulator (3) from the output port OUT3 of the high-power circulator (3) and is totally output by the coupling output port OUT5 of the high-power circulator (3), and no microwave reflected signal exists at the input port IN2 of the high-power circulator (3).
3. A device for improving the energy utilization efficiency of pulse compression according to claim 1, characterized IN that the input port IN2 and the input port IN5 of the large-scale metal cavity (4) are polarization-isolated, i.e. when the microwave signal is fed from the input port IN2, the input port IN5 has no output signal; when the microwave signal is fed from the input port IN5, the input port IN2 has no output signal.
4. The device for improving pulse compression energy utilization efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the output port OUT4 of the large-sized metal cavity (4) can receive electromagnetic waves IN any polarization direction, namely, when the input port IN2 feeds IN microwave signals, the microwave signals are output by the output port OUT 4; when a microwave signal is fed from the input port IN5, the microwave signal is also output from the output port OUT 4.
5. The device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the microwave signals reflected by the input port IN3 of the large metal cavity (4) are all output by the coupling output port OUT5 of the large power circulator (3) and are re-injected into the large metal cavity (4) through the coupling input port IN5 of the large metal cavity (4); the microwave signal output by the large-scale metal cavity (4) is radiated by the radiation antenna (5).
6. A device for improving the efficiency of energy utilization of pulse compression according to claim 1, characterized in that the arbitrary waveform generator (1) generates a microwave narrow pulse signal with a central carrier frequency, the pulse width of the microwave narrow pulse signal being of ns order and the power being of the order of mW.
7. The device for improving the energy utilization efficiency of pulse compression according to claim 6, wherein the high-power amplifier (2) amplifies the microwave narrow pulse signal with the pulse width of ns level generated by the arbitrary waveform generator (1) into the microwave narrow pulse signal with the pulse width of ns level and the power of kW level; and amplifying the specific coded micro-wavelength pulse train with the period of mu s and the power of mW generated by the arbitrary waveform generator (1) into a microwave long pulse train signal with the period of mu s and the power of kW.
8. The device for improving the pulse compression energy utilization efficiency according to claim 1 is characterized in that the length, the width and the height of the large metal cavity (4) are all 1m, the device has the power capacity above GW level, the microwave long pulse of ten MW level can be compressed into the microwave narrow pulse, the power gain above 100 times is realized, and the peak power of the microwave pulse is improved to GW level.
9. An arrangement for improving the efficiency of pulse compression energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiating antenna (5) has a power capacity of the order of magnitude above GW for directional radiation of ultra high re-frequency microwave narrow pulse train signals.
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