CN113235602A - Stone-square mountain excavation construction method for slope management - Google Patents
Stone-square mountain excavation construction method for slope management Download PDFInfo
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- CN113235602A CN113235602A CN202110552449.9A CN202110552449A CN113235602A CN 113235602 A CN113235602 A CN 113235602A CN 202110552449 A CN202110552449 A CN 202110552449A CN 113235602 A CN113235602 A CN 113235602A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/08—Restraining of underground water by employing open ditches arranged below the level of the water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
- E02F3/966—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for excavating and constructing a stone and mountain for slope management, which is characterized in that the actual measurement is carried out on an earth and stone excavation section before construction, and the paying-off is carried out before the earth and stone excavation; removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick; before the earth and stone excavation, the construction of a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch is carried out. The invention can treat the side slope of the stone-square mountain, can not cause the construction failure due to environmental factors or geographic factors, has small influence on the surrounding environment of the excavation in the construction process, can not cause the soil and stone splashing of large area in the excavation process, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment, thereby solving the problem that the blasting construction can not be carried out due to environmental factors or geographic factors, and the construction efficiency is influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stone and mountain excavation, in particular to a stone and mountain excavation construction method for slope management.
Background
The side slope refers to the domatic that has certain slope for guaranteeing the road bed stability, what make in the road bed both sides, and among the civil engineering, common earth and rockwork engineering has: the method comprises the following steps of field leveling, foundation pit (groove) and pipe ditch excavation, roadbed excavation, civil air defense engineering excavation, terrace filling, roadbed filling and foundation pit backfilling. The construction plan is not arranged in rainy season as much as possible. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the construction cost of earthwork engineering, implement the principle of occupying less or no farmland and being beneficial to land improvement and field construction, a reasonable allocation scheme of earthwork is required to be made, and overall arrangement is carried out.
When the stone and mountain body is excavated, a side slope needs to be treated, general stone excavation needs to loosen and crush rocks in a blasting mode and is performed by matching with manual and semi-mechanical equipment, but blasting construction cannot be performed due to environmental factors or geographic factors, and construction efficiency is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for excavating and constructing a stony mountain for slope management, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for excavating and constructing a stone square mountain for slope treatment comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and lofting: actually measuring an earth and stone excavation section before construction, and paying off before the earth and stone excavation;
B. site cleaning: removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick;
C. building a ditch: before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system;
D. excavating construction: according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
Preferably, a measurement control network is arranged on a construction site in the step A, a total station is adopted for measurement construction control, a roadbed excavation outline is accurately set out according to the designed slope ratio, a contour line is drawn by white lime, and the slope control setting-out precision is not more than +/-1 cm.
Preferably, all the sundries removed in the step B are placed outside the field using range or are discarded in outward transportation, so that the principle of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and beauty is taken as the principle.
Preferably, in the step D, the mountain stability condition in the natural state is carefully investigated before the construction, the stability of the slope during the construction period is analyzed, and when a problem is found, reinforcement is performed in time.
Preferably, when the rock mass is crushed by the crushing hammer in the step D, the rock mass must be crushed according to the slope ratio strictly, the condition of insufficient slope or overlarge slope ratio is not allowed to occur, the rock stratum on the first-stage platform is crushed in place, the slope surface is corrected and leveled by a machine, and then the rock mass crushing construction of the next construction platform is performed.
Preferably, in the step D, when the breaking hammer breaks, the excavator is matched with the broken rock mass to remove the broken rock mass, and the broken rock mass is loaded and transported to a specified place.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can treat the side slope of the stone-square mountain, can not cause the construction failure due to environmental factors or geographic factors, has small influence on the surrounding environment of the excavation in the construction process, can not cause the soil and stone splashing of large area in the excavation process, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment, thereby solving the problem that the blasting construction can not be carried out due to environmental factors or geographic factors, and the construction efficiency is influenced.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a method for excavating and constructing a stone square mountain for slope treatment comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and lofting: actually measuring an earth and stone excavation section before construction, and paying off before the earth and stone excavation;
B. site cleaning: removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick;
C. building a ditch: before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system;
D. excavating construction: according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
The first embodiment is as follows:
actually measuring an earth and stone excavation section before construction, and paying off before the earth and stone excavation; removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
Example two:
actually measuring an earth and rockfill excavation section before construction, paying off before earth and rockfill excavation, arranging a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by adopting a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation profile according to a designed slope ratio, drawing a contour line by using white lime, and controlling the setting out precision of a side slope to be not more than +/-1 cm; removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
Example three:
actually measuring an earth and rockfill excavation section before construction, paying off before earth and rockfill excavation, arranging a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by adopting a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation profile according to a designed slope ratio, drawing a contour line by using white lime, and controlling the setting out precision of a side slope to be not more than +/-1 cm; the method is characterized in that trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues in a construction range, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground are removed and transported outwards, dangerous rocks and loose stones on the slope surface are manually removed, the slope surface is leveled as much as possible, cracked dangerous rock masses are removed one by adopting pneumatic picks, all removed sundries are placed outside the range of field use or are transported outwards for abandonment, and the principle of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and attractiveness is taken as the principle; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
Example four:
actually measuring an earth and rockfill excavation section before construction, paying off before earth and rockfill excavation, arranging a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by adopting a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation profile according to a designed slope ratio, drawing a contour line by using white lime, and controlling the setting out precision of a side slope to be not more than +/-1 cm; the method is characterized in that trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues in a construction range, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground are removed and transported outwards, dangerous rocks and loose stones on the slope surface are manually removed, the slope surface is leveled as much as possible, cracked dangerous rock masses are removed one by adopting pneumatic picks, all removed sundries are placed outside the range of field use or are transported outwards for abandonment, and the principle of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and attractiveness is taken as the principle; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out of measurement from the top down excavation contour line, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer, adopt red paint to draw the circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to arranging red paint point and driling, the mountain body stable situation under the careful investigation natural state before the construction, the stability of side slope during the analysis construction, when discovering the problem, in time consolidate the processing.
Example five:
actually measuring an earth and rockfill excavation section before construction, paying off before earth and rockfill excavation, arranging a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by adopting a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation profile according to a designed slope ratio, drawing a contour line by using white lime, and controlling the setting out precision of a side slope to be not more than +/-1 cm; the method is characterized in that trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues in a construction range, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground are removed and transported outwards, dangerous rocks and loose stones on the slope surface are manually removed, the slope surface is leveled as much as possible, cracked dangerous rock masses are removed one by adopting pneumatic picks, all removed sundries are placed outside the range of field use or are transported outwards for abandonment, and the principle of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and attractiveness is taken as the principle; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; the contour line is excavated from top to bottom according to a roadbed slope which is accurately measured and lofted, surface soil is removed by adopting an excavator, a first-stage construction platform can be built, the excavator and a breaking hammer are conveniently placed, red paint is adopted to draw circles and distribute points according to actual terrain, the breaking hammer is used for drilling and breaking according to arranged red paint points, the mountain stability condition in a natural state is carefully investigated before construction, the stability of the slope during construction is analyzed, when problems are found, reinforcement treatment is carried out timely, the breaking hammer must be broken strictly according to slope ratio when breaking the rock mass, the condition of insufficient slope or overlarge slope ratio is not allowed to occur, rock stratum on the first-stage platform is broken in place, and after the slope is corrected and leveled by adopting the excavator, the next construction platform rock mass is broken.
Example six:
actually measuring an earth and rockfill excavation section before construction, paying off before earth and rockfill excavation, arranging a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by adopting a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation profile according to a designed slope ratio, drawing a contour line by using white lime, and controlling the setting out precision of a side slope to be not more than +/-1 cm; the method is characterized in that trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues in a construction range, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground are removed and transported outwards, dangerous rocks and loose stones on the slope surface are manually removed, the slope surface is leveled as much as possible, cracked dangerous rock masses are removed one by adopting pneumatic picks, all removed sundries are placed outside the range of field use or are transported outwards for abandonment, and the principle of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and attractiveness is taken as the principle; before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system; according to the contour line of the roadbed slope which is accurately measured and laid out, the contour line is excavated from top to bottom, the excavator is adopted to remove surface soil, a first-level construction platform can be repaired to facilitate the placement of the excavator and a breaking hammer, according to the actual topography, red paint is used for drawing circles and distributing points, a breaking hammer is used for drilling and breaking according to the arranged red paint points, the mountain stability condition in the natural state is carefully investigated before construction, the stability of the side slope during construction is analyzed, when problems are found, timely reinforcing treatment is carried out, when a breaking hammer breaks a rock mass, the rock mass must be broken according to a slope ratio strictly, the condition of insufficient slope or overlarge slope ratio is not allowed to occur, after rock strata on a first-stage platform is broken in place and a slope surface is corrected and leveled by adopting a machine, and then carrying out the crushing construction of the rock mass of the next construction platform, and when the crushing hammer is crushed, the excavator is matched with the crushed rock mass to remove the crushed rock mass, and the crushed rock mass is loaded and transported to a specified place.
The invention can treat the side slope of the stone-square mountain, can not cause the construction failure due to environmental factors or geographic factors, has small influence on the surrounding environment of the excavation in the construction process, can not cause the soil and stone splashing of large area in the excavation process, and reduces the influence on the surrounding environment, thereby solving the problem that the blasting construction can not be carried out due to environmental factors or geographic factors, and the construction efficiency is influenced.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for excavating and constructing a stone square mountain for slope treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. measuring and lofting: actually measuring an earth and stone excavation section before construction, and paying off before the earth and stone excavation;
B. site cleaning: removing and transporting trees, shrubs, garbage, organic matter residues, turf, tree roots and crop roots and surface soil within at least 300mm below the original ground in the construction range, manually removing dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope surface, flattening the slope surface as much as possible, and removing cracked dangerous rocks block by adopting an air pick;
C. building a ditch: before earth and stone excavation, firstly constructing a water intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch, and establishing a temporary drainage system;
D. excavating construction: according to the accurate road bed side slope of laying out a design from the top down excavation contour line of measuring, adopt the machine of digging to clear away the surface soil, can repair out one-level construction platform to convenient the putting of digging machine and quartering hammer adopts red paint to carry out the drawing circle cloth point according to actual topography, the quartering hammer is broken according to the red paint point of arranging.
2. The method for constructing the excavation of the stone and mountain for slope improvement according to claim 1, wherein: and step A, setting a measurement control network on a construction site, performing measurement construction control by using a total station, accurately setting out a roadbed excavation outline according to a designed slope ratio, drawing out a contour line by using white lime, and setting out the slope control lofting precision to be not more than +/-1 cm.
3. The method for constructing the excavation of the stone and mountain for slope improvement according to claim 1, wherein: and B, all the removed sundries in the step B are placed outside the range of the field application area or are transported outside for discarding, and the principles of stable stacking, no interference to traffic and environmental pollution, tidiness and attractiveness are taken as the principles.
4. The method for constructing the excavation of the stone and mountain for slope improvement according to claim 1, wherein: and D, carefully surveying the mountain stability condition in a natural state before construction, analyzing the stability of the side slope during construction, and timely reinforcing when a problem is found.
5. The method for constructing the excavation of the stone and mountain for slope improvement according to claim 1, wherein: and D, crushing the rock mass according to the slope ratio strictly when the crushing hammer crushes the rock mass, not allowing the occurrence of loss slope or overlarge slope ratio, crushing the rock mass on the first-stage platform in place, leveling the slope surface by using a machine, and then performing rock mass crushing construction on the next construction platform.
6. The method for constructing the excavation of the stone and mountain for slope improvement according to claim 1, wherein: and D, when the breaking hammer breaks in the step D, the excavator is matched with the breaker to remove broken rock masses, and the broken rock masses are loaded and transported to a specified place.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113882386A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-04 | 山东振盛建设工程有限公司 | High slope earth and stone excavation protection method |
| CN114164843A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Construction method of high slope excavation slope protection system |
| CN114658055A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 中国化学工程第十四建设有限公司 | Method for removing rock cutting excavation machinery of reconstruction and extension highway |
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| CN113882386A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-04 | 山东振盛建设工程有限公司 | High slope earth and stone excavation protection method |
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