CN113235531A

CN113235531A - Fish migration channel

Info

Publication number: CN113235531A
Application number: CN202110452952.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林映津
Original assignee: China River Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: China River Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-26
Filing date: 2021-04-26
Publication date: 2021-08-10

Abstract

The invention relates to a fish migration channel which mainly comprises an upstream fish channel opening, a fish passing pipeline and a downstream fish channel opening, and is characterized in that the fish passing pipeline is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe and more than two pipelines alternately, one end of the pipeline of the upstream fish channel opening is provided with a pipe orifice protecting piece, the other end of the pipeline of the upstream fish channel opening is connected with the three-way pipe, the outer ring of the pipeline of the upstream fish channel opening is provided with a floating ball, the inlet and the outlet of one end of the three-way pipe are respectively connected with the pipeline, the three-way pipe and the pipeline are fixed with a step structure through fixing pieces, the step structure comprises a flow assisting groove, a step and a fish assisting structure, one side of the step is the flow assisting groove, the other side of the step is the fish assisting structure, the downstream fish channel opening is paved with a rock heap slope, and the pipeline of the downstream fish channel opening is provided with a connecting piece. The fishway structure of the invention is easy to change, can adjust the elevation difference according to the water level change, has small floor area, low cost, convenient maintenance and wide applicable water head condition range.

Description

Fish migration channel

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fish migration channel.

Background

With the development of economic society, the construction of dam, weir and other hydraulic engineering brings certain social, economic and environmental benefits, but also blocks the natural migration channel of fishes, causes great damage to the life habits and environment of the migratory fishes, and seriously endangers the diversity of biological species.

The fishway is an artificial passage for fishes to travel through buildings such as gate dams or natural barriers. The fishway is used as an important facility for aquatic animals such as migratory fishes to pass through the artificial gate dam, plays an important role in coordinating the contradiction between dam construction and ecological environment, meets the requirement of upstream or downstream of the migratory fishes by arranging the fishway on a water retaining building, and has important significance for guaranteeing the continuity and diversity of organisms. The traditional fishway (groove fishway, daniel fishway and the like) has good water flow energy dissipation effect, but the structural style is difficult to change, and the adaptability of water level change is poor; although the novel fishway such as a fish gate and a fish elevator occupies smaller area, the novel fishway is difficult to lure fish, has high operation and running cost, has large occupied area of the imitated natural fishway, and is only suitable for the hydraulic engineering with low water head.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a fish migration channel, which is easy to change in structural style, small in occupied area, low in operation and running cost, convenient to maintain and wide in applicable water head condition range, and the elevation difference can be adjusted according to the water level change.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a fish migration channel mainly comprises an upstream fish passage opening, a fish passing pipeline and a downstream fish passage opening, and is characterized in that the fish passing pipeline is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe and more than two pipelines alternately, a pipe orifice protecting piece is arranged at one end of the pipeline of the upstream fish passage opening, the other end of the pipeline is connected with the three-way pipe, two sides of the pipe orifice protecting piece are provided with a traction rope, a fixed anchor, a fixed pulley and a balance weight, a floating ball is arranged beside the pipe orifice protecting piece, the floating ball is fixed on the outer ring of the fish passing pipeline through the floating ball fixed rope, an inlet at one end of the three-way pipe and an outlet at one end of the three-way pipe are respectively connected with the pipelines, a step structure is fixed in the three-way pipe and the pipelines through a fixing piece and comprises a flow assisting groove, a step and a fish assisting structure, the step comprises a step surface a and a step surface b, the step surface a is connected with the step surface b of the upper stage, step face a is perpendicular with last level step face b, step one side is for helping the chute, and the another side is for helping the fish structure, help the fish structure and include breakwater, recess, the breakwater is located step face a's front end, and is perpendicular with the horizontal plane, the recess is located the breakwater rear, rock heap slope is laid to low reaches fishway mouth, and the pipeline at low reaches fishway mouth is equipped with the connecting piece.

Furthermore, the stair structure can be formed by integrally pouring cement, and can also be formed by combining a PVC material and the cement pouring.

Furthermore, the floating ball fixing position is positioned above the middle of the cross section of the pipeline.

Furthermore, the diameter of the flow-assisting groove accounts for between one third and one half of the diameter of the fish pipeline, and the diameter of the fish-assisting structure accounts for between one half and two thirds of the diameter of the fish pipeline.

Further, the three-way pipe is of a T-shaped structure.

Further, the rock slope can be formed by stacking cobblestones or gravel blocks.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the fishway is suitable for hydro-junction projects of any height, the structural style is easy to change, the fishway can be flexibly arranged according to landforms, the gradient of the fishway is changed by adjusting the splicing length of the connecting piece, the floating ball and the fish passing pipeline in the construction process, the phenomenon that the migration of fishes is influenced due to too fast or too slow water flow is avoided, and the kinetic energy loss of the migration of the fishes is reduced; the connecting piece and the floating ball can flexibly adjust the position of the upstream fishway opening according to the change of the water level so as to adapt to different water level changes; the groove is designed to provide a resting place for migratory fishes;

2. the fishway has the advantages of small occupied area, low engineering investment cost, low operation and running cost, convenient maintenance and good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a fish migration passage according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial top view of a fish migration channel according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fish migration channel according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial step structure view of a fish migration passage according to the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. the floating ball type fish-farming machine comprises a floating ball, 2, a floating ball fixing rope, 3, a pipe orifice protecting piece, 4, an upstream fishway port, 5, a traction rope, 6, a fixing anchor, 7, a transparent cover, 8, a three-way pipe, 9, a fixing piece, 10, a step, 11, a groove, 12, a water baffle, 13, a fish passing pipeline, 14, a step structure, 15, a connecting piece, 16, a rock slope, 17, a flow assisting groove, 18, a fixed pulley, 19, a balance weight, 20, a downstream fishway port, 21, a pipeline, 22, step surfaces a, 23, step surfaces b and 24 and a fish assisting structure.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited thereto.

A fish migration channel mainly comprises an upstream fish channel opening 4, a fish passing pipeline 13 and a downstream fish channel opening 20, and is characterized in that the fish passing pipeline 13 is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe 8 and more than two pipelines 21 at intervals, one end of the pipeline 21 of the upstream fish channel opening 4 is provided with a pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the other end of the pipeline is connected with the three-way pipe 8, two sides of the pipe orifice protecting piece 3 are provided with a traction rope 5, a fixed anchor 6, a fixed pulley 18 and a counterweight 19, a floating ball 1 is arranged beside the pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the floating ball 1 is fixed on the outer ring of the fish passing pipeline 13 through a floating ball fixing rope 2, an inlet at one end and an outlet at one end of the three-way pipe 8, a transparent cover 7 is arranged at the upper end of the three-way pipe 8, the pipeline 21 and a step structure 14 fixed in the three-way pipe 8 through a fixing piece 9, the step structure 14 comprises a flow-assisting groove 8, a step 10 and a fish assisting structure 24, the step 10 comprises a step surface a22 and a step surface b23, the step surface a22 is connected with a step surface b23 of the previous stage, the step surface a22 is vertical to the step surface b23 of the previous stage, one side of the step 10 is provided with a flow assisting groove 17, the other side of the step 10 is provided with a fish assisting structure 24, the fish assisting structure 24 comprises a water baffle 12 and a groove 11, the water baffle 12 is positioned at the front end of the step surface a22 and is vertical to the horizontal plane, the groove 11 is positioned behind the water baffle 12, a rock slope 16 is paved at the downstream fishway port 20, and a connecting piece 15 is arranged on a pipeline 21 of the downstream fishway port 20; the stair structure 14 can be formed by integrally pouring cement, or can be formed by combining a PVC material and the cement; the fixed position of the floating ball 1 is positioned above the middle of the cross section of the pipeline 21; the diameter of the flow-assisting groove 17 accounts for one third to one half of the diameter of the fish passing pipeline 13, and the diameter of the fish-assisting structure 24 accounts for one half to two thirds of the diameter of the fish passing pipeline 13; the three-way pipe 8 is of a T-shaped structure; the rock slope 16 may be a stack of pebbles or gravel blocks.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the fish migration channel of the invention mainly comprises an upstream fish way opening 4, a fish passing pipeline 13 and a downstream fish way opening 20, wherein one end of a pipeline 21 of the upstream fish way opening 4 is provided with a pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the other end of the pipeline is connected with a three-way pipe 8, a floating ball 1 is fixed beside the pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the water flow of the upstream fish way opening 4 is controlled by the buoyancy of the floating ball 1, the fixed position of the floating ball 1 is positioned above the middle cross section of the pipeline 21 so as to ensure that the upstream fish way opening 4 always has water inflow, the upstream fish way opening 4 is fixed at a required position by a fixed pulley 18, a balance weight 19, a traction rope 5 and a fixed anchor 6, the fish passing pipeline 13 is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe 8 and more than two pipelines 21 at intervals, the pipeline 21 is made of stainless steel corrugated pipe, the three-way pipe 8 is in a T-shaped structure, the inlet at one end and the outlet at the other end, the upper end sets up transparent cover 7, sets up transparent cover 7 and makes things convenient for the maintenance, observes the fish condition, and daily sunlight shines in simultaneously and increases the effect of luring fish, is fixed with step structure 14 through mounting 9 in three-way pipe 8, the pipeline 21, and mounting 9 is the draw-in groove, and the water that gets into fish pipeline 13 mostly passes through the helping hand launder 17 following current and down, and little water is because the breakwater 12 effect forms anticlockwise or clockwise swirl in recess 11, and recess 11 can supply the migratory fish to have a rest, the pipeline 21 of downstream fish road junction 20 is equipped with connecting piece 15, and connecting piece 15 has the elasticity, is convenient for adjust the fish pipeline 13 slope according to the water level height.

Preferably, the stair structure 14 is made of a combination of a PVC material and a cement casting.

Preferably, the diameter of the flow-aiding groove 17 is one third of the diameter of the fish duct 13, and the diameter of the fish-aiding structure 24 is two thirds of the diameter of the fish duct 13.

Preferably, the rock mound 16 is formed by stacking cobblestones, and is roughened to enhance the fish luring effect of the downstream fishway opening 20.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the fish migration channel of the invention mainly comprises an upstream fish way opening 4, a fish passing pipeline 13 and a downstream fish way opening 20, wherein one end of a pipeline 21 of the upstream fish way opening 4 is provided with a pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the other end of the pipeline is connected with a three-way pipe 8, a floating ball 1 is fixed beside the pipe orifice protecting piece 3, the water flow of the upstream fish way opening 4 is controlled by the buoyancy of the floating ball 1, the fixed position of the floating ball 1 is positioned above the middle cross section of the pipeline 21 so as to ensure that the upstream fish way opening 4 always has water inflow, the upstream fish way opening 4 is fixed at a required position by a fixed pulley 18, a balance weight 19, a traction rope 5 and a fixed anchor 6, the fish passing pipeline 13 is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe 8 and more than two pipelines 21 at intervals, the pipeline 21 is made of stainless steel corrugated pipe, the three-way pipe 8 is in a T-shaped structure, the inlet at one end and the outlet at the other end, the upper end sets up transparent cover 7, sets up transparent cover 7 and makes things convenient for the maintenance, observes the fish condition, and daily sunlight shines in simultaneously and increases the effect of luring fish, is fixed with step structure 14 through mounting 9 in three-way pipe 8, the pipeline 21, and mounting 9 is the buckle, and the water that gets into fish pipeline 13 mostly passes through the helping the following current of launder 17 and down, and little water is because the water baffle 12 effect forms anticlockwise or clockwise swirl in recess 11, and recess 11 can supply the fish of whirling to have a rest, the pipeline 21 of downstream fish road junction 20 is equipped with connecting piece 15, and connecting piece 15 has the elasticity, is convenient for adjust the fish pipeline 13 slope according to the water level height.

Preferably, the step structure 14 is formed by integrally pouring and combining cement.

Preferably, the diameter of the flow-aiding groove 17 is half of the diameter of the fish duct 13, and the diameter of the fish-aiding structure 24 is half of the diameter of the fish duct 13.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the above examples and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made according to the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish migration channel mainly comprises an upstream fish channel opening (4), a fish passing pipeline (13) and a downstream fish channel opening (20), and is characterized in that the fish passing pipeline (13) is formed by splicing more than one three-way pipe (8) and more than two pipelines (21) at intervals, one end of the pipeline (21) of the upstream fish channel opening (4) is provided with a pipe orifice protection piece (3), the other end of the pipeline is connected with the three-way pipe (8), two sides of the pipe orifice protection piece (3) are provided with a traction rope (5), a fixed anchor (6), a fixed pulley (18) and a counterweight (19), a floating ball (1) is arranged beside the pipe orifice protection piece (3), the floating ball (1) is fixed on the outer ring of the fish passing pipeline (13) through a floating ball fixing rope (2), one end of the three-way pipe (8) is provided with an inlet, one end of the three-way pipe is provided with an outlet, the upper end of the three-way pipe is provided with a transparent cover (7), and the inlet and the outlet are respectively connected with the pipeline (21), a step structure (14) is fixed in the three-way pipe (8) and the pipeline (21) through a fixing piece (9), the stair structure (14) comprises a flow-assisting groove (8), a step (10) and a fish-assisting structure (24), the step (10) comprises a step surface a (22) and a step surface b (23), the step surface a (22) is connected with the step surface b (23) at the upper stage, the step surface a (22) is vertical to the step surface b (23) at the upper stage, one side of the step (10) is provided with a flow-assisting groove (17), the other side is provided with a fish-assisting structure (24), the fish-assisting structure (24) comprises a water baffle (12) and a groove (11), the water baffle (12) is positioned at the front end of the step surface a (22), is vertical to the horizontal plane, the groove (11) is positioned behind the water baffle (12), rock heap slope (16) is laid at downstream fishway mouth (20), and pipeline (21) of downstream fishway mouth (20) is equipped with connecting piece (15).

2. The fish migration channel of claim 1, wherein the step structure (14) is formed by integrally casting cement or by combining PVC with cement.

3. The fish migration passage of claim 1, wherein the fixed position of the float (1) is located above and in the middle of the cross section of the duct (21).

4. A fish migration pathway as claimed in claim 1 wherein the diameter of the flow-assisting trough (17) is between one third and one half of the diameter of the fish-passing conduit (13) and the diameter of the fish-assisting structure (24) is between one half and two thirds of the diameter of the fish-passing conduit (13).

5. The fish migration channel of claim 1, wherein the tee (8) is of T-shaped configuration.

6. A fish migration pathway as claimed in claim 1 wherein said rockfill slopes (16) are stacks of cobblestones or gravel blocks.