CN1095124A

CN1095124A - Jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam

Info

Publication number: CN1095124A
Application number: CN93105431A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄耀华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-05-08
Filing date: 1993-05-08
Publication date: 1994-11-16

Abstract

The invention provides novel jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam, it has a conduit pipe, and walking abreast above it is provided with the fish up-hill line, is communicated with conduit and jet blower between two pipes; Have the cascading water hole and be provided with the water pouring pipeline in fish up-hill line both sides; Be provided with the water booster system that draws water at the conduit pipe epimere; This device is layed in the outside, dam bank, between dam crest and river surface outside dam, become 20 °-60 ° slope line layout, utilize the natural drop of water surface in dam and river surface outside dam, water in the dam delivered in the fish up-hill line by conduit pipe become upper ejection stream, make fish get over river dam at the impulse force of upper ejection stream and the acting in conjunction downstream of self upstream ability.

Description

Jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam

The present invention relates to fish dam-crossing arrangement technical field.It is a kind of jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of novelty, it can make various fish rapidly, save time, laborsaving, safe, noiseless, successfully, enter waters in the dam from downstream trip river dam more.Solve fish when being mainly used in each rivers construction power station and can't swim the difficult problem of dam migration upstream egg reproduction more.

As everyone knows, have multiple marine fishes all to need year in year out from the oceanodromous migration to rivers, contrary rivers and on, to the upstream egg reproduction; But because power plant construction is increasing on each rivers, block the river cut-off dam making and blocked the fish migration road, this is for the fish development and keep the fish ecological homeostasis that very big influence is arranged, and it is a difficult problem extremely to be solved that fish cross the dam problem, at present, existing many experts and scholars inquire into the way of solution.According to the Sichuan Economic Daily third edition on March 31st, 1993, " fish cross the dam waterway channel " of Diposits in Shizhu Sichuan county end of the bridge secondary school teachers Ma Ziwen invention obtains national patent recently, solved the difficult problem that fish are hampered by river dam.The technical characterstic of this patent is: by river dam and and the dam outside horizontal plane form the small stream ditch formula waterway channel of angle of slope water surface inside and outside the direct binding dam body between 20 °-50 °, passage and the place of connecing, dam street establish one according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION in the dam ascending/decending joint portion of free lifting thereupon, channel interior has a series of step-like dividing plates that are, and forms stairstepping pond series from bottom to top.This passage is fit to physiological habit and this energy range that fish jump in against the current.Fish are braved against the current just can rest in the pond when arriving certain position and conserve strength and store up energy, prepare to go another step next time, so step and on, can reach in the dam smoothly.The advantage of this patent is to have eliminated artificial disturbance, and mechanical movement interference and crunch are disturbed, and makes fish smoothly by tens meters, tens meters high barrage high dam.But still there are some problems of can not ignore like this in foregoing invention, the all size fish only with self jump power by ladder jump against the current and on, cross tens meters, 100 meters high dam, need to jump what grade ladders? the jump how many times? how long take? with the Changjiang river is example, the sea level, entrance of Changjiang River is 0 degree elevation, and the Ge Zhou Ba crest elevation is 70 meters, and Three Gorges Dam crest level under preparation is 178 meters; Millions of, thousand even hundreds of millions tails of all size fish on dam are crossed in annual migration, will lean on self jump power to jump step by step along the stairstepping pond all and cross above-mentioned two high dams, and these are concerning fish, and it is time-consuming not only to require great effort, and very difficult, and migration velocity is extremely slow.

Task of the present invention is: the jetting type fish of designing a kind of novelty cross the dam pipeline, make various fish fast, save time, laborsaving, safe, noiseless, the river dam of the various more height of trip successfully.

Task of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention, be characterized in: a conduit pipe is arranged, and conduit pipe is provided with many conduits, and the parallel conduit pipe top that is arranged at of a fish up-hill line is arranged, and is communicated with each jet blower in the fish up-hill line by conduit; Also have mesh-shape cascading water hole in the both sides of fish up-hill line, manage outer both sides and be provided with the water pouring pipeline; Epimere at conduit pipe is provided with the water booster system that draws water, and the outlet pipe of suction pump is communicated with jet blower in the fish up-hill line respectively.

The better design scheme of jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention is that jet blower tilts to the dam crest direction, and the angle span bottom the fish up-hill line is 2 °-60 °; Fish up-hill line two bottom sides jet blower tilts to pipeline top center line, and its angle of inclination is 50 °-80 °.Can make like this under the pressure of the water high water level in the dam in the conduit pipe, and under the restriction of jet blower direction and angle, form the current that upwards spray, give certain buoyancy, thrust and the origin of force of fish, be beneficial to fish in pipe to upstream row.

The better design scheme of jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention is that the river rear fork that connects of conduit pipe and fish up-hill line is the multitube shape, constitute the jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the only head dummy layout of many tails, so that save the utilization rate of construction costs and this device of raising.

The better design scheme of jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention is that the fish up-hill line is the stepped ramp type structure, and each step is equipped with fish rest pond; So that fish are conserved strength and store up energy, go up new step again behind trip upper level step.

Jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention further design scheme is to connect in the afterbody water of river at the fish up-hill line to be provided with fish-catching container, and the sound and optic signal that utilizes fish-catching container to send is induced fish to compile in this waters and swum across the dam.

Jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention, its inventive principle is: according to fish must be year after year this life habit of migration egg reproduction, both liked with fish and to have sailed against the current, the kind life characteristic that goes with the stream, utilize in the dam the natural drop of water level outside the water level and dam, a closed conduit pipe is laid on any side bank outside river dam, waters in the dam is linked up by dam side bank in the upper end, goes directly outside the dam at the bottom of the river in the lower end; Parallel above conduit pipe a semienclosed fish up-hill line is set, on connect dam crest, assign outside the dam in the river; Many each jet blowers in the conduits connection fish up-hill line are installed on conduit pipe, water in the dam is entered conduit by conduit pipe, under the restriction of jet blower direction and angle and in the dam under the pressure of high water level, in the fish up-hill line, become upper ejection stream, give the certain buoyancy of fish, thrust and origin of force; Fish are then at the buoyancy of upper ejection stream, under thrust and the upstream ability acting in conjunction of self, quick, laborsaving along the up-hill line that smoothly stretches, save time, safe, noiseless, trip successfully goes up dam crest and enters waters in the dam.

The present invention crosses the dam passage with small stream ditch ladder pond series formula fish and compares, and has the following advantages:

1. that fish are up is more laborsaving when crossing the dam, save time, safety, fast.Because the present invention is the natural drop that utilizes water level and river surface outside dam in the dam, dam Nei Shui directed in the fish up-hill line become upper ejection stream, pipeline is the linear pattern pipeline that is 20 °-60 ° degree slope line layouts in addition, smoothly stretch in the pipe, there is not any obstruction, fish are in straight line downstream among the state of upstream, and it is up need not jump, because jet blower is satisfied with to manage the inner bottom part both sides, just be fit to fish belly side wing and tail and putting forth effort the upstream by the impulse force of upper ejection stream, more than parade is more laborsaving against the current, it is up laborsaving more to jump than staged, save time, safety, fast.

2. have concurrently simultaneously against the current in this fish up-hill line and two kinds of current downstream, both be fit to the life habit that fish are sailed against the stream, be more suitable for fish downstream and the physilogical characteristics of row.Because jet blower is installed on the duct bottom both sides, duct bottom forms two strands of strong upper ejection streams, and just losing impulse force in certain distance, upper ejection stream becomes the current that drop, two kinds of current just appear in the pipeline like this, the bottom is a upper ejection stream, top is the current that drop, since each jet blower at a certain distance from the straight cloth of lower end of duct to the pipeline top, make contrary suitable two kinds of current be interim alternately strong and weak, both be fit to the life habit that fish are braved against the current, suitable again fish are good at downstream and the physilogical characteristics of row.

3. this jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam can be fit to the river dam of various height.Because the present invention is the natural drop that utilizes the outer river middle water level of water level and the dam dam in, and the Waterflow-guiding in the dam is become upper ejection stream to the fish up-hill line in, the dam is higher, and drop is bigger, penetrates impulse force on the current and heals greatly, and the fish upstream is laborsaving more, save time, speed heals soon.Especially the dam that is fit to tens meters of this classes of the Yangtze River Gorges even more than hundred meter high solves the fish trip difficult problem of dam more.

4. the present invention is fit on each bar rivers dam yet to be built and has built dam increase and build the up mistake of fish dam pipeline.Because the present invention is at the outside, dam bank ditching and laying conduit pipe, only the conduit pipe head end does not have influence by dam side bank to dam body in the river, and each dam yet to be built all can adopt.Each has been built dam, only needed to dig a zanjon tubing at dam side bank (in the dam long-term minimum water storage level place) and draw that water gets final product in the dam, do not damaged the dam main body, dam safety is not had influence, it is simple and easy, cheap to construct.

With reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiments of the invention are done and are described in further detail:

Fig. 1 jetting type fish cross dam pipe unit structure and schematic layout pattern

Fig. 2 conduit pipe and fish up-hill line and conduit correlation longitudinal section cross-sectional schematic

Fig. 3 jet or pipeline device for fish passing through dam stereochemical structure cross section cross-sectional schematic

Fig. 4 fish up-hill line and the vertical cross-sectional schematic of water pouring pipeline correlation

Fig. 5 jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam connects river rear lateral cross-sectional schematic

Fig. 6 draw water water booster system and jet blower connectivity structure schematic diagram

Many tails of Fig. 7 type jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam schematic layout pattern

Many tails of Fig. 8 type jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam schematic layout pattern

Fig. 9 stepped ramp type jetting type fish up-hill line schematic layout pattern

Now introduce the structure and the performance purposes of each parts respectively:

One, the effect of conduit pipe (1) is dam Nei Shui to be guided to outside the dam provide upper ejection stream in the rivers and to the fish up-hill line, filter screen (13) and valve (12) should be installed in the water inlet of conduit pipe (1), result in blockage to prevent that foreign material from entering in the pipeline, and when not using the fish up-hill line, close water inlet.

Two, the effect of conduit (2) is to connect aqueduct (1) and fish up-hill line (4), and the current that will drop change the current that upwards spray into, and the quantity of conduit can be decided as required.

Three, jet blower (3) is installed in fish up-hill line two bottom sides, tilt to the dam crest top along the fish up-hill line, and the angle span between the fish up-hill line bottom is 2 °-60 °; The both sides jet blower must tilt to pipeline top center line, and its degree of tilt is 50 °-80 °.The effect of jet blower is the orientation angle and the amount of jet of restriction upper ejection stream, and in order to the buoyancy that fish borrow upper ejection stream to provide, thrust and origin of force upwards move about.

Four, fish up-hill line (4) is preferably ellipse garden shape, the duct bottom both sides are equipped with jet blower (3), the pipeline both sides have mesh-shape cascading water hole (11), so that row is rushed down the upper ejection stream that loses impulse force, reduce the resistance of upper ejection stream, the maintenance upper ejection stream has the impulse force of certain distance, takes advantage of by means of the impulse force of upper ejection stream in order to fish and puts forth effort the upstream.For saving construction costs and improving the pipeline utilization rate, the total arrangement of fish up-hill line is good with many tails type layout, promptly connects the river afterbody and is the dendroid distribution, and middle epimere is combined into a pipeline.

Five, water pouring pipeline (5) is built in the outer both sides of fish up-hill line, and its position is lower than the fish up-hill line; It mainly acts on is that the water constrained flow that will overflow in the fish up-hill line is in the weep pipe of hypomere; The lower end of weep pipe is extended and is laid on outside the dam at the bottom of the river, its mouth of pipe curves upwards and to fish ascending tube road junction, make the current that drop in the pipe under the constraint of bend pipe, change upper ejection stream into, under the impulse force of upper ejection stream, enter the fish up-hill line when making fish jump wave rapidly.

Six, the water booster system that draws water, by motor (6), water pump (7), water pipe (8) and (9) are formed, and its position is installed on the outside, dam bank, and its elevation is the long-term lowest water level line place dam in; The water inlet pipe (8) of water pump (7) connects the dam Nei Shui in the conduit pipe (1), and outlet pipe (9) then connects each jet blower in the fish up-hill line respectively.It mainly acts on is the utilization motor, water pump, equipment such as water pipe extract dam Nei Shui and send in the fish up-hill line, water level just changes the dual difficult problem that upper ejection stream comes and go and impulse force weakens in the epimere fish up-hill line that is caused in the dam to solve, make fish no matter in the dam water level how to change can both be fast, save time, laborsaving, swim and get over the dam top and enter waters in the dam safely.

Seven, fish-catching container (10) can be by waterproof sealing formula electric light, and waterproof sealing formula videocorder loudspeaker and cable are formed, and is installed in the fish up-hill line afterbody water after electric light and the sealing of videocorder loudspeaker, and its quantity is decided as required.It mainly acts on: the characteristics that phototaxis and happiness music are arranged according to fish, connect power switch at night, make fish up-hill line afterbody waters form a slice lighted region, but the also music of recording playback fish hobbies or the sound of fish, to induce in the river the thousands of shoal of fish to this regional centralized wave that jumps, in a single day fish enter this waters, promptly under upper ejection stream group's effect, send to rapidly in the fish up-hill line, get over dam by the impulse force trip of upper ejection stream.

Illustrate respectively referring now to each figure:

Fig. 1-6 is a kind of specific embodiment of jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the present invention, (1) is conduit pipe among the figure, be 20 °-60 ° degree oblique angles and be in the layout of any side bank of dam, the pipeline top reaches dam crest (in the dam maximum water level place), the top bifurcated pipe of conduit pipe (1) is linked up waters in the dam by dam side bank, its water inlet is established valve (12) and filter screen (13), and conduit pipe connects at the bottom of the outer river, the through dam of river tail end, and the mouth of pipe curves and makes progress; (2) are conduit among the figure, and the lower end connects conduit pipe (1), and the upper end connects the jet blower (3) in the fish up-hill lines (4); (4) are the fish up-hill line among the figure, arrange with conduit pipe (1) is parallel, and the lower end river surface outside dam that goes directly, the river dam top of going directly, upper end, the bottom of fish up-hill line is equipped with jet blower (3), and there is mesh-shape cascading water hole (11) the pipeline both sides; (5) are the water pouring pipeline among the figure, are built in the outer both sides of fish up-hill line, and its position is lower than the fish up-hill line; At the bottom of the through river of the tail end of water pouring pipeline (5), its mouth of pipe curves upwards and to fish ascending tube road junction.(6) (7) (8) (9) are the water booster system that draws water (comprising motor 6, water pump 7, pump water inlet 8, pumping line 9) among the figure; (10) are fish-catching container (comprising the waterproof sealing electric light, waterproof sealing videocorder loudspeaker, cable) among the figure; (11) are mesh-shape cascading water hole among the figure, (12) water inlet valve, and (13) are the water inlet filter screen, and (14) are long-term lowest water level in the dam, and (15) are long-term water storage level in the dam; (16) be peak level in the dam; (17) be the river surface outside dam water level, (18) are the river dam dam body, and (19) are the rivers bottom line.Arrow among each figure is current direction signal in the dam.

Fig. 7 is the vertical schematic layout pattern of many tails type jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam, and this layout type mainly is in order to improve the utilization rate of pipeline, to increase fish quantity, reducing construction costs.

Fig. 8 is vertical schematic layout pattern that another kind of many tails type jetting type fish cross the dam pipeline, and this is the distribution form along the left dam bank, and different with figure (7) is that each fork pipelines of afterbody all is in the layout of trunk line one side.

Fig. 9 is the total arrangement schematic diagram that stepped ramp type jetting type fish cross the dam pipeline, and different with Fig. 1 is that fish up-hill line (4) is segmented stepped ramp type layout, all is furnished with pond (20) on each step; The benefit of this layout is to make fish after every trip steps to a new level, and can have a rest in pond (20), conserves strength and store up energy, so that reach a new level.

Claims

1, jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam, conduit pipe (1) is arranged, it is characterized in that conduit pipe is provided with conduit (2), the parallel setting of one fish up-hill line (4) and conduit pipe (1) is arranged, conduit (2) is communicated with the jet blower (3) of fish up-hill line (4), have mesh-shape cascading water hole (11) in the both sides of fish up-hill line (4) and be provided with water pouring pipeline (5), be provided with the water booster system that draws water (6.7.8.9) on the top of conduit pipe (1), the outlet pipe of the water booster system that draws water (9) respectively with fish up-hill line (4) in jet blower (3) be communicated with.

2, jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam according to claim 1 is characterized in that jet blower (3) tilts to the dam crest direction, and the angle span between jet blower (3) and fish up-hill line (4) bottom line is 2 °-60 °.Fish up-hill line (4) two bottom sides nozzle (3) tilts to pipeline top center line, and the lean-in oblique angle of both sides jet blower (3) span is 50 °-80 °.

3, jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the river afterbody that connects of conduit pipe (1) and fish up-hill line (4) is a multitube shape layout, constitutes the jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam of the only head dummy layout of many tails.

4,, it is characterized in that being provided with fish-catching container (10) at the river afterbody that connects of fish up-hill line according to claim 1 or 3 described jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam.

5, jet type pipeline device for fish passing through dam according to claim 1 is characterized in that fish up-hill line (4) is the stepped ramp type structure, and each step is provided with fish rest pond.