CN206034391U - Adaptation water level variation's fishway exit - Google Patents
Adaptation water level variation's fishway exit Download PDFInfo
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- CN206034391U CN206034391U CN201620790687.8U CN201620790687U CN206034391U CN 206034391 U CN206034391 U CN 206034391U CN 201620790687 U CN201620790687 U CN 201620790687U CN 206034391 U CN206034391 U CN 206034391U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an adaptation water level variation's fishway exit, include: the overflow section, the overflow section is connected with the section of touring, and formation is connected by the overflow tank that a plurality of length and width are the same with conventional pond to the overflow section, between fishway and the overflow section, between overflow section and the section of touring, between each conventional pond, all be equipped with fish pass structure between each overflow tank, the width of the section of touring is the same with conventional pond, and the side wall height of the section of touring is a little more than the poor peak of reservoir head -water elevation change, the section of touring and each overflow tank's of overflow section bottom is on same water flat line. The utility model discloses a set up the mode of the overflow section and the section of touring in the export of fishway, the water level that makes constantly changeable upper reservoir at first falls according to the water -level fluctuation equal difference in each conventional pond of fishway when the inflow fishway to it can not increase the flow after rivers get into the fishway to guarantee, disturbs moving about of fish, even if form an upper reservoir water -level fluctuation, guarantees the overflow section that fish can smoothly get into the upper reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of fishway exit for adapting to fluctuation of water table, is a kind of hydraulic facility, is that a kind of environmental protection sets
Apply, be a kind of ecological hydraulic facility of protection fish.
Background technology
The equal non-constant value of upper pond level of many hydraulic structures, often has certain luffing, especially daily regulation reservoir,
Luffing is bigger.And vertical seam type fish channel outlet is usually placed in hydraulic structure upstream, the depth of water adapted to when running because which is normal
Luffing is relatively small, therefore the big luffing for being difficult in adapt to upstream reservoir water level is changed by fish pass single outlet.Above-mentioned asking is solved at present
The taken measure of topic is the outlet in the multiple different elevations of vertical seam type fish channel upstream arrangement, and is both needed to arrange at each fishway exit
Gate.In fish pass normal course of operation, different gates need to be opened and closed according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION, to complete the switch operating of different outlets.
For the vertical seam type fish channel of multiple different elevations is set, hydraulic structure（Especially daily regulation reservoir）Upstream
The big luffing of water level, rapid change will cause the frequent switching for port strobe, thus reduce stablizing for flow-shape in fish pass
Property, it is unfavorable for that fish are traced back.In addition, multiple exit vertical seam type fish channel needs to arrange multiple gates Automated condtrol system corresponding to which
System, improves preliminary engineering Installed capital cost and post facility operating maintenance expense, increased fish pass construction and operational management
Difficulty.
Comprehensive achievement in research at present, is to adapt to the big luffing change of hydraulic structure upper pond level, and vertical seam type fish channel needs to arrange
Switch operating between multiple outlets, but different outlets causes fish pass running excessively complicated, and causes fish pass part to run
The unstability of period flow-shape, affected fish efficiency.Upstream reservoir water level is adapted to based on vertical seam type fish channel to be widely varied
Problem, it is special that simple efficient, Low investment cost, the fishway exit of few operation operation and its method for designing become vertical seam type fish channel waterpower
One of key subject of property.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of fishway exit for adapting to fluctuation of water table.Institute
Fish pass mouth of the fish pass mouth stated by the different discrepancy in elevation, automatically adapts to the change of water level, without the need for constantly being adjusted with water level
Section.
What the purpose of this utility model was realized in：A kind of fishway exit for adapting to fluctuation of water table, including：With by multiple
Conventional pond is connected the overflow segment of the fish pass connection to be formed, and described overflow segment is connected with section of going on a tour, and described overflow segment is by more
Individual length and width are connected to be formed with conventional pond identical run-off, between described fish pass and overflow segment, overflow segment with go out
Fish pass structure is equipped between trip section, between each conventional pond, between each run-off；The width of described section of going on a tour with it is normal
Rule pond is identical, and the side wall of described section of going on a tour highly is poor upper pond changing stage, conventional pond minimum depth and peace
Full superelevation sum；The base slope of go on a tour section and overflow segment each run-off is consistent with fish pass base slope；The side of the run-off
Wall is provided with overfall, the fish pass water of the overfall position of first run-off in downstream of described overflow segment in conventional pond
Deep height, the overfall position of first run-off in upstream of described overflow segment are slightly below the highest water that reservoir level changes
Position, the overfall position of other each run-offs of the overflow segment is in the overfall position and upstream of first run-off in downstream
The rising equal difference distribution of fish pass base slope is pressed between the overfall position of first run-off.
Further, described fish pass structure includes：Guide plate and dividing plate, and perps.
Further, described overfall be rectangular indentation, vee, the one kind in circumferential notch, on overfall
It is provided with barrier net.
Further, the side wall of described overflow segment setting overfall is externally provided with abandons pond.
Further, the described length for abandoning pond is equal with overflow segment, and width is 0.5 ~ 1.0 times of fish pass depth of water.
Further, described pond of abandoning is connected by drainage tube with collecting-tank, described collecting-tank and fish pass import
Attracting jet connects.
Further, described drainage tube, its a diameter of 0.1 ~ 0.5 times of fish pass depth of water.
Further, in described collecting-tank, maximum water depth is less than 0.5 ~ 1.0 times of fish pass depth of water.
Further, in described collecting-tank, during maximum water depth, water level elevation is less than the lowest bottom surface elevation for abandoning pond, institute
Collecting-tank bottom surface elevation is stated equal to or less than overflow segment and the bottom surface elevation of section of going on a tour.
The utility model produce beneficial effect be：The utility model arranges overflow segment using the outlet in fish pass and goes on a tour
The mode of section, when the fishway exit depth of water is higher than normal depth of flow, makes the water level of upper pond being continually changing when fish pass is flowed into
It is first according to overfall elevation change equal difference to fall, to ensure that current will not increase flow after entering fish pass, disturbs the trip of fish
It is dynamic, even if while one upper pond SEA LEVEL VARIATION of formation, also can guarantee that fish are capable of the overflow segment of smooth entrance upper pond.
The shape of overflow segment is similar with fish pass, but the depth of water is changed with upper pond, rather than is gradually risen to fish pass like that, keeps away
Exempt from fish to be trapped in fish pass due to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of upper pond.
Description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural plan schematic diagram of fishway exit described in embodiment of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 be embodiment of the present utility model with the structural facades schematic diagram of the fishway exit, be C-C sections in Fig. 1
Figure；
Fig. 3 be embodiment of the present utility model three described in fish be mounted with the road export structure schematic diagram of barrier net；
Fig. 4 is the fishway exit structural representation for being provided with collecting-tank described in embodiment of the present utility model six.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is a kind of fishway exit for adapting to fluctuation of water table, as shown in Figure 1, 2.Fig. 1, in 2 it is shown that this reality
Apply example and apply the example in vertical seam type fish channel.The present embodiment includes：The fish pass 1 that formed is connected with being connected by multiple conventional ponds
Overflow segment 2, described overflow segment is connected with section 3 of going on a tour, and described overflow segment is by multiple length and width and conventional pond phase
With run-off connect to be formed, between described fish pass and overflow segment, overflow segment and go on a tour between section, each conventional pond it
Between, be equipped with fish pass structure 4 between each run-off；The width of described section of going on a tour is identical with conventional pond, and described goes on a tour
The side wall of section is highly poor upper pond changing stage, conventional pond minimum depth and safe superelevation sum（Level is used in Fig. 1
Line A represents that reservoir upper pond level becomes the peak level of moment）.The base slope and fish pass of go on a tour section and overflow segment each run-off
Base slope is consistent；The side wall of the run-off is provided with overfall 5, first run-off 201 in downstream of described overflow segment
The height of the fish pass depth of water of the overfall position in conventional pond（Represent that reservoir upper pond level changes with oblique line B in Fig. 1 minimum
In the overflow segment during value simulation waterline formed by the water level difference situation of each run-off）, the upstream first of described overflow segment
The overfall position of individual run-off 202 is slightly below the peak level that reservoir level changes, other each overflows of the overflow segment
The overfall position in pond the overfall position of the overfall position of first run-off in downstream and first run-off in upstream it
Between be distributed with the rising equal difference of fish pass base slope.
The type of the fish pass described in the present embodiment is the fish pass that multiple conventional ponds are in series.Between each conventional pond
It is set that to cross fish and arrange can be various forms of fish pass structures, basic demand be fish pass structure can cross fish can also mistake
Water, the current in upstream pond should enter downstream pond, this kind of fish pass such as vertical seam type fish channel from the base of fish pass structure.
Originally it is that its length can be same with the conventional pond of fish pass with wide tank with fish pass to implement described section of going on a tour
Long or slightly longer or slightly short, its base slope is consistent with the base slope of fish pass（The identical gradient）, the height of its side wall should exceed upper
Swimming reservoir level becomes the peak of moment.
The present embodiment it is critical only that upper pond fluctuation of water table difference excursion in change when, the fish in fish pass
Upstream reservoir area can be smoothly entered, and does not have excessive flow in upstream reservoir area high water level and enter fish pass, maintain fish
Normal discharge in road, it is to avoid affect the migration of fish.For this purpose, the present embodiment is provided with overflow segment in the exit of fish pass.
For reaching above-mentioned two purpose, the present embodiment overflow segment be provided with conventional pond length in fish pass, width and
Base slope identical run-off, whole overflow segment are connected by multiple run-offs and are formed, be also provided between run-off with conventional pond it
Between identical cross fish setting, such as guide plate, dividing plate and perps.Fluctuation of water table difference and fish pass of the number of run-off according to upper pond
Depending on base slope, and the parameter such as the length in conventional pond.
For example：The length in conventional pondlWith widthBRespectively 2.5m and 2.0m, reservoir upper pond level luffing isDH=
3.0m, fish pass normal depth of flow ish z =2.0m, its adapt to water depth ratio scope for 1.5 ~ 2.5m be：The conventional pond of fish pass
Depth of water scope is：Minimum depth ish min =1.5m；Maximum water depth ish max =2.5m.The vertical seam type fish channel adopts 2% base slope
（tgα=2%, whereinαFor the slope angle of fish pass base slope, as shown in Figure 2）.
Because the minimum depth of water of fishway exit ish min =1.5m, therefore a section maximum water depth of going on a tour ish max +DH= 4.5m.Conventional pond
In normal depth of flow beh z =2.0m, run-off number are 20, overfall depth displacementDhFor：
Dh=(ΔH+h min +nltgα-h z )/n=0.175m
The length of overflow segmentL=nl=20×2.5=50m。
For fish being made in the fluctuation of water table of upstream reservoir area, can smoothly swim out of fish pass into upstream reservoir area, overflow segment
In each run-off depth it is different, but the bottom of pond of run-off is in the same horizontal line, so, no matter upper pond water level exists
Where, if within water-head mobility scale, swim out of the fish of fish pass just can by run-off cross fish arrange into
Enter upstream reservoir area, without being blocked in due to water level decreasing in fish pass, it is impossible to swim out of fish pass.
In example as above, when fish pass upstream first, conventional pond baseboard elevation is set to 0, then overflow segment upstream the
The peak level of one run-off is：
h 1=ΔH+h min +nltgα-Dh=3+1.5+1-0.175=5.325m
The peak level of first run-off in overflow segment downstream is：
h 20=ΔH+h min +nltgα-20Dh=5.5-3.5=2.0m
The fish pass changes in flow rate produced for solving the problems, such as upstream reservoir water level change, the present embodiment is in the side of run-off
Overfall is provided with wall.Depending on position of the overfall in the height on the wall of run-off side according to run-off, as run-off
Peak level.
The overflow open height of first run-off in overflow segment upstream is slightly below upper pond peak level.According to above-mentioned example
Son, the overflow open height of first run-off in overflow segment upstreamh 1It is：
h 1=DH +h min +nltgα-Dh =5.325m。
The water level in first conventional pond of the height of the overfall of first run-off in overflow segment downstream and fish pass upstream etc.
It is high or slightly higher.According to above-mentioned example, the height of the overfall of first run-off in overflow segment downstreamh 20For：
H 20= h z = 2.0m。
The equal difference arrangement between above-mentioned two of the overfall of other each run-offs.Namely：
h i =ΔH+h min +nltgα-iDh
When the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of upper pond, always there is an overfall that the water in run-off higher than the overfall can overflow
Pour off, as overfall is the gradient equal-difference arrangement according to fish pass, no matter how high the water level of upper pond is, as long as in excursion
Interior, the flow into fish pass routine pond increases according to the elevated difference of fish pass, so that it may so that overflow segment enters the flow of fish pass
Stablize in a level.
Overfall on described overflow segment side wall, can have various ways, the breach of rectangle on wall, as shown in figure 1,
It can also be circular, or vee etc..Overfall can be arranged on the side wall on one side, it is also possible in the side wall on both sides
On overfall is all set.For preventing fish from fish pass is jumped out from overfall, cause death, barrier net can be set on breach.
As the overfall of overflow segment can overflow substantial amounts of water, can be provided with outside the side wall of overfall in overflow segment and arrange
Abandon pond.If the both sides side wall of run-off is designed with overfall, it is necessary to all arrange in two sides of overflow segment and abandon pond,
If being provided with overfall on secund side wall, it is only necessary to arrange outside the side wall for be provided with overfall and abandon water
Pond.
Collecting-tank can also arrange outside pond being abandoned, the water abandoned in pond is put together, and cause fish pass with pipeline
Mouthful, the attracting jet for entering fish pass as guiding fish is used.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is refinement of the embodiment two with regard to fish pass structure.Described in the present embodiment
Fish pass structure includes：Guide plate 401 and dividing plate 403, and guide plate and dividing plate cooperatively form perps 402, as shown in Figure 1.
Fish pass described in the present embodiment uses vertical seam type fish channel, forms perps, order and and water using dividing plate and guide plate
From wherein passing through, the bottom in each conventional pond constantly ramps up, and allows fish easily to enter upper pond.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment with regard to overfall.Described in the present embodiment
Overfall be rectangular indentation, vee, the one kind in circumferential notch, overfall is provided with barrier net 501, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.
The length of described rectangle overfall can be identical with the length of run-off, can actually regard that overflow wall is short as
One section, the overfall of formation.If the overfall of other forms, can excavate out on the side wall of run-off variously-shaped
Overfall.
As the water level in run-off has overfall to determine.Fish very easily jump out run-off from overfall,
Therefore barrier net can be set on overfall, fish be placed and is escaped from run-off, cause fish dead.
Example IV：
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment with regard to overflow segment.Described in the present embodiment
Overflow segment the side wall of overfall is set is externally provided with and abandons pond 6, as shown in Figure 1.
As the water in each run-off in overflow segment can be overflowed from overfall, therefore, it can be provided with overfall
Run-off on the outside of arrange and abandon pond, make the water that overfall overflows not flow everywhere, but focus on and abandon in pond.Abandon pond
Length should be isometric with overflow segment or slightly longer, its width and depth trip abandon the water yield depending on.The level for abandoning edge on pond is high
Degree should be less than the level height of minimum first overfall in overflow segment downstream.
Embodiment five：
The present embodiment is the improvement of example IV, is example IV with regard to abandoning the refinement in pond.Abandoning described in the present embodiment
The length in pond is equal with overflow segment, and width is 0.5 ~ 1.0 times of fish pass depth of water.
The width for abandoning pond can install the normal depth of flow calculating of fish pass, it is also possible to be calculated according to the water yield is abandoned.
Embodiment six：
The improvement of the present embodiment above-described embodiment is above-described embodiment with regard to abandoning the refinement in pond.Described in the present embodiment
Abandon pond to be connected by drainage tube 701 with collecting-tank 7, described collecting-tank is connected with the attracting jet of fish pass import, such as Fig. 4
It is shown.
The depth of water of described drainage tube, the size of collecting-tank and fish pass has certain relation, so as to the water for overflowing run-off
Stream can smoothly flow into mining under reservoir.The level height of collecting-tank should be less than the base plate for abandoning pond.
Embodiment seven：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment six, is refinement of the embodiment six with regard to drainage tube.Drawing described in the present embodiment
Flow tube, its a diameter of 0.1 ~ 0.5 times of fish pass depth of water.
Embodiment eight：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment seven, is refinement of the embodiment seven with regard to collecting-tank.Collection described in the present embodiment
In pond, maximum water depth is less than 0.5 ~ 1.0 times of fish pass depth of water.
Embodiment nine：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment eight, is refinement of the embodiment eight with regard to collecting-tank.Collection described in the present embodiment
In pond, during maximum water depth, water level elevation is less than the lowest bottom surface elevation for abandoning pond, and collecting-tank bottom surface elevation is equal to or less than
The bottom surface elevation of overflow segment and section of going on a tour.
Embodiment ten：
The present embodiment is a kind of method for designing of the fishway exit of self adaptation fluctuation of water table described in above-described embodiment.
Method for designing described in the present embodiment is adapted to the fish pass to be formed of connecting with multiple conventional ponds, each conventional water
Excessively facility is provided between pond, if vertical seam type fish channel.
The known conditions of the method for designing is：The water-head of upper pond fluctuation of water tableΔH, the length in conventional pondl、
The normal operation depth of water in conventional pondh z , conventional pond maximum water depthh max , conventional pond minimum depthh min , fish pass slope angleα, run-off numbern.The base slope gradient of wherein fish pass can be expressed as a percentage, or ratio is represented.The present embodiment methods described
Comprise the following steps that：
Calculating go on a tour section side wall height the step of：Using formula：
h 0=ΔH+h min +0.25h z ,
Calculate the height of section side wall of going on a tourh 0.Described section of swimming out of is one section of portion being connected with the water body of upper pond
Point, therefore the height of its side wall should be above the upper limit of upper pond difference in change.A section side wall of going on a tour in this formula is highly
Upper pond changing stage is poorΔH, conventional pond minimum depthh min With safe superelevation sum, safe superelevation is 0.25 times here
Conventional pond the normal operation depth of waterh z 。
The step of calculating overfall depth displacement：For by formula：
Dh=(ΔH+h min +nltgα-h z )/n
Calculate the depth displacement between the overfall of each run-off of overflow segmentDh.Formula may be interpreted as：Each overfall
Between depth displacement be upper pond peak level elevation, the difference of the first overfall elevation in overflow segment downstream and run-off number
Ratio.There is certain change for making the water level in overflow segment, but do not affect the flow in fish pass, the present embodiment to take ladder
The SEA LEVEL VARIATION of shape, no matter how the water level of upper pond changes, as long as in excursion, so that it may so that the current in fish pass
Fluid keeps stable.Accordingly, it would be desirable to an appropriate change of rank is poor（Water level elevation is poor）, and this change of rank difference and fish pass
The gradient it is relevant, and the relating to parameters such as the length in conventional pond, be actually formed one with the much the same run-off in conventional pond,
The height of its fish pass structure is consistent with the elevation change in each conventional pond.
The step of calculating overflow segment length：For by formula：
L=nl
Calculate overflow segment lengthL.The length of whole overflow segment can be calculated by this step, be also assured that and abandoned water
The length in pond.The length for abandoning pond under normal circumstances is equal to or the slightly longer than length of overflow segment.
The step of determining the depth of water of overflow segment each run-off：For using formula：
h i =ΔH+h min -iDh,
Calculate the height of the bottom of pond of overflow segment each run-off to overfallh i , as in overflow segment, each run-off is most
Flood is deeply spenth i , whereiniFor 1,2 ... ...,nPositive integer.In this step, the height reality of the overfall of each run-off
It is exactly the height of water level of run-off, the height of water level of each run-off can make each conventional pond of fish pass maintain stable stream
Amount, while the fish for swimming out of fish pass can be allow smoothly to enter upper pond, becomes without the water level due to upper pond
Change, mortality in being stopped in fish pass.
Finally it should be noted that above only unrestricted to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, although with reference to compared with
Good arrangement has been described in detail to the utility model, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this reality
With new technical scheme（The form of such as fish pass, length size of fish pass etc.）Modify or equivalent, and do not take off
From the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of adapt to fluctuation of water table fishway exit, it is characterised in that include：With the fish that formed of being connected by multiple conventional ponds
The overflow segment of road connection, described overflow segment are connected with section of going on a tour, and described overflow segment is by multiple length and width and conventional water
Pond identical run-off connects to be formed, between described fish pass and overflow segment, overflow segment and go on a tour between section, each conventional pond
Between, be equipped with fish pass structure between each run-off；The width of described section of going on a tour is identical with conventional pond, and described goes on a tour
The side wall of section is highly poor upper pond changing stage, conventional pond minimum depth and safe superelevation sum；The section of going on a tour
It is consistent with fish pass base slope with the base slope of overflow segment each run-off；The side wall of the run-off is provided with overfall, described
The height of the fish pass depth of water of the overfall position of first run-off in downstream of overflow segment in conventional pond, described overflow segment
The overfall position of first run-off in upstream be slightly below the peak level that reservoir level changes, other of the overflow segment are each
The overfall position of individual run-off is in the overfall position of first run-off in downstream and the overfall of first run-off in upstream
The rising equal difference distribution of fish pass base slope is pressed between position.
2. fishway exit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fish pass structure includes：Guide plate and dividing plate, with
And perps.
3. fishway exit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described overfall is that rectangular indentation, triangle lack
One kind in mouth, circumferential notch, overfall are provided with barrier net.
4. fishway exit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described overflow segment is arranged outside the side wall of overfall
It is provided with and abandons pond.
5. fishway exit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the described length for abandoning pond is equal with overflow segment,
Width is 0.5 ~ 1.0 times of fish pass depth of water.
6. the fishway exit according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that described pond of abandoning passes through drainage with collecting-tank
Pipe connects, and described collecting-tank is connected with the attracting jet of fish pass import.
7. fishway exit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described drainage tube, its a diameter of 0.1 ~ 0.5 times of fish
The road depth of water.
8. fishway exit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in described collecting-tank maximum water depth less than 0.5 ~
1.0 times of fish pass depth of waters.
9. fishway exit according to claim 8, it is characterised in that water level elevation during maximum water depth in described collecting-tank
Less than the lowest bottom surface elevation for abandoning pond, collecting-tank bottom surface elevation is equal to or less than overflow segment and the bottom surface of section of going on a tour is high
Journey.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620790687.8U CN206034391U (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-07-26 | Adaptation water level variation's fishway exit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106049378A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Fishway outlet adapting to water level change and design method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106049378A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Fishway outlet adapting to water level change and design method |
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