CN113235121B - Hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system and a control method thereof, aiming at the problem that the hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production energy consumption of the existing hydrogen production system cannot meet the requirements of industrial production due to the adoption of a single electrolytic tank, a PEM electrolytic tank and an AEL electrolytic tank are combined and share one set of electric control device and purification device, so that the stable hydrogen production under different power supply modes is met, the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit can be reduced, and the hydrogen production capacity of the whole hydrogen production system reaching full load (0-100%) is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system and a control method thereof.
Background
Hydrogen is used as an important industrial raw material and a power generation raw material of a fuel cell, more and more attention is paid to the industry and the government, and hydrogen production by utilizing renewable energy is an important way for solving the problems of wind waste, light waste and carbon emission. The water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is concerned by the advantages of simple process, high hydrogen production purity, easy raw material obtaining and the like.
At the present stage, widely applied water electrolysis hydrogen production technologies are generally divided into a pure water hydrogen production technology (PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology) and an alkaline water hydrogen production technology (AEL water electrolysis hydrogen production technology). The two technologies have the characteristics that the working pressure can reach 3MPa, the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has quick start response and adjustable full hydrogen production range, but the single-tank hydrogen production scale cannot be too large. The AEL water electrolysis hydrogen production technology needs to heat water in a tank to slowly start response, the AEL hydrogen production range is narrow (50-100%), but the single-tank hydrogen production scale can be large. When one of the two hydrogen production technologies is used independently, the hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production energy consumption can not meet the requirements of industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system and a control method thereof, which share one set of electric control device and purification device, meet the stable hydrogen production in different power supply modes, reduce the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit and realize the hydrogen production capacity of the whole hydrogen production system with full load (0-100%).
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a mixed multi-groove hydrogen production system comprises an electric control device and a hydrogen production device;
the electric control device comprises a multi-channel power supply control module, the multi-channel power supply control module is used for receiving high-voltage direct current provided by a photovoltaic power station and high-voltage direct current provided by alternating current provided by a power grid after being subjected to AC/DC conversion, and the multi-channel power supply control module is used for converting the accessed high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current through two or more DC/DC conversion and then supplying power to an electrolytic cell of the hydrogen production device;
the hydrogen production device comprises a mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module, a purification module and a hydrogen discharge module; the crude hydrogen output by the mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module is conveyed to the purification module, the purification module stores the crude hydrogen into the hydrogen buffer tank and monitors the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank, and when the pressure in the hydrogen buffer tank reaches a preset threshold value, the hydrogen buffer tank is opened and the crude hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen purification unit for purification treatment; the hydrogen purification unit outputs the purified hydrogen to the hydrogen outlet module, and the hydrogen outlet module inputs the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric control device further includes a power supply mode control unit;
the power supply mode control unit judges and switches power supply modes of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, wherein the power supply modes comprise photovoltaic power supply, power grid power supply and renewable energy power supply;
when the power supply capability of a certain power supply mode is reduced to 1/2, the power supply mode control unit automatically switches to be connected to a stable power supply mode for power supply.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production module comprises N PEM electrolyzers and N AEL electrolyzers, and the hydrogen production capacity of a single PEM electrolyzer is a m 3 H, hydrogen production capacity of a single AEL cell is b m 3 H, regulating and controlling the electric control device to enable the hydrogen production capacity of the n AEL electrolytic cells to meet (1/2-1) b m 3 /h、(1～2)b m 3 /h、…、(n/2～n)b m 3 /h(n>1) And the hydrogen production capacity of N PEM electrolyzers meets (0-1) a m 3 /h、(0～2)am 3 /h、…、(0～N)a m 3 /h(N>1) The mixed multi-groove hydrogen production system realizes (0-100%) by different power regulation (N x a + N x b) m 3 Hydrogen production capacity per hour.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen discharge module includes a circulation gas path, a first hydrogen discharge pipeline, a second hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a third hydrogen discharge pipeline;
the circulating gas circuit sends the hydrogen output by the hydrogen purification unit to the sample detection unit for hydrogen qualification rate detection, and if the hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for re-purification; if the hydrogen is qualified, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline are/is opened according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
The invention discloses a control method of a hybrid multi-groove hydrogen production system, which is used for the hybrid multi-groove hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the invention and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
responding to a photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, connecting direct current of a photovoltaic power station into a multi-channel power supply control module, distributing the direct current to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production according to preset power through DC/DC conversion, and supplying power to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment; or responding to a non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, connecting the alternating current of a power grid or other sources into the multi-channel power supply control module, converting the alternating current into high-voltage direct current through AC/DC, connecting the high-voltage direct current, and performing DC/DC voltage reduction and then power supply and distribution;
purifying and controlling the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production device to obtain purified hydrogen;
the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is judged, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for purification again; if the hydrogen is qualified, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline are/is opened according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching a direct current of a photovoltaic power station into a multi-channel power supply control module in response to a photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, distributing the direct current to a PEM electrolyzer for power supply and hydrogen production according to a preset power through DC/DC conversion, and supplying power to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolyzer for temperature raising processing further includes:
s101: the power supply mode is judged in advance, whether the power supply mode is a photovoltaic power supply mode is judged, if yes, direct current of a photovoltaic power station is connected into a multi-channel power supply control module, power is distributed to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production through DC/DC conversion according to preset power, and power is supplied to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment;
s102: in the photovoltaic power supply mode, judging whether the current illumination intensity is above a preset intensity value or not, or carrying out MPPT operation on electric energy output by a photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point is above the energy utilization power of a hydrogen production system, if so, providing sufficient power support for an electrolytic cell according to a preset power supply and distribution proportion, and carrying out step S105; if not, go to step S103;
s103: judging whether the power supply capacity corresponding to the illumination intensity meets the normal operation of the electrolytic cells or carrying out MPPT operation on electric energy output by a photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point meets the minimum power of a hydrogen production system or not, if so, providing electric energy for N AEL electrolytic cells according to the preset power transmission quantity of the AEL electrolytic cells, and regulating and controlling the open-close states and current of the N PEM electrolytic cells according to the actual power transmission condition to enable the PEM electrolytic cells to carry out constant-voltage hydrogen production; if not, judging whether the hydrogen production system has a hydrogen production request, and if so, switching to enter a non-photovoltaic power supply mode; if no hydrogen production request exists, cutting off the power supply, and stopping the machine for maintenance;
s104: judging whether the input electric energy meets the power consumption requirement of the AEL electrolytic cell in a full-power state, if not, reducing the input current value of the AEL electrolytic cell on the basis of constant voltage, and meanwhile, carrying out standby on the PEM electrolytic cell for responding to fluctuating power; if yes, go to step S105;
s105: judging whether the pressure of the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen production module meets the requirement, if so, filling the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production module into a hydrogen buffer tank of the purification module; if not, the generation rate of hydrogen in the electrolytic cell is increased by adjusting the current input quantity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the step of switching in the alternating current of the power grid or other sources to the multi-channel power supply control module in response to the non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, and the step of switching in the high-voltage direct current by converting the alternating current/direct current into the high-voltage direct current and performing DC/DC voltage reduction further comprises:
s111: distributing the low-voltage direct current subjected to AC/DC conversion and DC/DC conversion to a PEM electrolytic cell and an AEL electrolytic cell according to preset power for hydrogen preparation;
s112: in the process of hydrogen preparation of the hydrogen production module, judging whether the value of each sensor in the hydrogen production module exceeds a preset range, if so, starting or stopping a relevant valve, pump or electrolytic cell according to the parameter setting of the industrial personal computer, so that the value of the sensor is recovered to a normal stable state; if not, go to step S113;
s113: the value changes of each sensor are continuously monitored.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the performing purification control on the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production apparatus to obtain purified hydrogen further includes:
s201: hydrogen and oxygen preferentially produced by N PEM electrolysis cells are respectively gathered through a hydrogen busbar and an oxygen busbar and then enter a hydrogen water separator and an oxygen water separator of a PEM for rough treatment, and pressure monitoring is carried out;
s202: conveying the hydrogen subjected to the PEM side coarse treatment to a hydrogen buffer tank of a purification module, and monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank;
s203: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets gamma-4/5-alpha, if yes, controlling an electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into a hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen; if not, go to step S204;
s204: judging whether hydrogen exists at the n AEL electrolysis cell sides and is subjected to hydrogen mother row, hydrogen water separator and washing condenser to generate hydrogen, if not, continuously filling the crude hydrogen subjected to PEM washing and condensation into a hydrogen buffer tank, so that the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank meets the requirement that gamma is 4/5 × alpha; if yes, monitoring the hydrogen pressure before the side of the hydrogen production module AEL enters a hydrogen buffer tank, and controlling the hydrogen pressure beta of the side of the AEL through an electromagnetic valve to enable the pressure beta to meet the condition of beta-alpha <1 bar;
s205: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets the maximum pressure gamma of the hydrogen buffer tank (4/5 min alpha, beta), if not, continuously filling the hydrogen prepared by the AEL electrolytic tank and the PEM electrolytic tank in the hydrogen production module into the hydrogen buffer tank, and continuously monitoring to enable the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank to meet the pressure gamma of 4/5 min alpha, beta; if so, controlling the electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into the hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is judged, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for re-purification; if the hydrogen is qualified, according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, opening the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline, and inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device further comprises:
s301: sending the hydrogen from the hydrogen purification unit to a sample detection unit through circulating gas;
s302: judging whether the dew point of the hydrogen and the oxygen content in the hydrogen meet preset thresholds or not, and if not, returning the hydrogen in the purification module to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas for re-purification; if yes, go to step S303;
s303: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell accords with the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2 x N AEL electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a third hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, continuing to judge the open-close state of the hydrogen front end electrolytic cell, and performing step S304;
s304: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell meets the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells, or the opening of less than 1/2 × N AEL electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2N PEM electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve is opened, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) aiming at the problem that the hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production energy consumption of the conventional hydrogen production system cannot meet the requirements of industrial production due to the fact that a single electrolytic cell is adopted, the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the invention combines a PEM electrolytic cell and an AEL electrolytic cell, shares a set of electric control device and purification device, meets the stable hydrogen production in different power supply modes, can reduce the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit, and realizes the hydrogen production capacity of the whole hydrogen production system reaching full load (0-100%).
2) In the mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the invention, the mixed multi-tank hydrogen production module in the hydrogen production device mainly comprises N PEM electrolytic tanks (single-tank hydrogen production capability am) 3 H) and n AEL cells (Single cell Hydrogen production capability b)m 3 H), the hydrogen production capacity of the AEL electrolytic cell can meet (1/2-1) b m through devices such as a multi-channel power supply control module, a power distribution unit and the like in the system 3 /h、(1～2)b m 3 /h、…、(n/2～n)b m 3 H, etc. (n)>1) So that the hydrogen production capacity of the PEM electrolytic cell meets (0-1) a m 3 /h、(0～2)am 3 /h、…、(0～N)am 3 H, etc. (N)>1) Finally, the hydrogen production system is adjusted to (0-100%) (N + a + N + b) m through different powers 3 Hydrogen production capacity per hour.
3) In the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the invention, the purification module comprises the hydrogen buffer tank and the hydrogen purification unit, wherein the hydrogen buffer tank can reduce the working energy consumption of the hydrogen purification unit and improve the purification efficiency, and when the hydrogen amount in the hydrogen buffer tank does not reach the threshold value required for purification treatment, the hydrogen purification unit does not work so as to save the energy consumption of the system.
4) Aiming at the problem that the hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production energy consumption of the existing hydrogen production system cannot meet the requirements of industrial production due to the fact that a single electrolytic cell is adopted, the control method of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system in one embodiment of the invention combines the PEM electrolytic cell and the AEL electrolytic cell, shares a set of electric control device and purification device, respectively and accurately controls power supply and hydrogen purification, meets stable hydrogen production under different power supply modes, can reduce the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit, and achieves the hydrogen production capacity of the whole hydrogen production system with full load (0-100%).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a control method of a hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production flow of a hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the invention in different power supply modes;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control flow of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system for purifying and discharging hydrogen provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system and a control method thereof, which are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
The embodiment provides a hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system aiming at the problem that the current hydrogen production system cannot meet the requirements of industrial production due to the fact that a single electrolytic cell is adopted, and a PEM electrolytic cell and an AEL electrolytic cell are combined to share one set of electric control device and purification device, so that stable hydrogen production in different power supply modes is met, the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit can be reduced, and the whole hydrogen production system can achieve the full-load (0-100%) hydrogen production capacity.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 1, the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system includes an electric control device and a hydrogen production device, wherein the electric control device includes an AC/DC converter, a DC/AC converter, a DC/DC converter, a multi-channel power supply control module, a power distribution power supply, an industrial personal computer, and the like, the multi-channel power supply control module is externally connected with a multi-channel photovoltaic power station high-voltage direct current and multi-channel AC/DC converter, the AC/DC converter is externally connected with a two-channel power grid and a multi-channel renewable energy power source, the multi-channel power supply control module is connected with the DC/DC converter and the DC/AC converter in the rear, wherein the DC/AC converter is connected with the industrial personal computer, the DC/DC converter is connected with a power distribution unit, and the power distribution unit is connected with an electrolytic tank at the rear end.
The hydrogen production device comprises a mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module, a purification module, a detection module and a hydrogen outlet module, wherein the mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module comprises N PEM electrolytic tanks (N >1), N AEL electrolytic tanks (N >1), a preheating unit matched with the AEL electrolytic tanks, a hydrogen-water separator, an oxygen-water separator, a washing condenser and the like, hydrogen and oxygen prepared by the electrolytic tanks are respectively converged into the hydrogen-water separator and the oxygen-water separator through a hydrogen bus bar and an oxygen bus bar, the rear end of the water-gas separator of the AEL is connected with the washing condenser to remove alkaline impurities, an oxygen product treated in the hydrogen production module is introduced into an external oxygen storage tank through a pipeline, and the hydrogen enters the purification module. This purification module has included hydrogen buffer tank and hydrogen purification unit etc. and the PEM hydrogen water separator and the washing condenser of AEL hydrogen of hydrogen manufacturing module are connected respectively to hydrogen buffer bottle front end, and hydrogen purification unit is connected to the rear end, and hydrogen purification unit connects out the hydrogen module. This go out hydrogen module has included circulation gas circuit, first hydrogen pipeline, second hydrogen pipeline and third hydrogen pipeline, and hydrogen detecting element and purification unit are connected to the circulation gas circuit, and first hydrogen pipeline, second hydrogen pipeline and third hydrogen pipeline are gone out and are connected hydrogen purification unit and hydrogen storage tank around respectively.
In the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, the multi-channel power supply control module is used for receiving high-voltage direct current which is provided by a photovoltaic power station and alternating current provided by a power grid and is subjected to AC/DC conversion, and the multi-channel power supply control module converts the accessed high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current through two or more DC/DC conversion modules and supplies power to an electrolytic tank of the hydrogen production device.
The mixed multi-cell hydrogen production module is used for hydrogen production and comprises N PEM electrolyzers and N AEL electrolyzers, and the hydrogen production capacity of a single PEM electrolyzer is a m 3 Per, the hydrogen production capacity of a single AEL cell was b m 3 H, regulating and controlling the electric control device to enable the hydrogen production capacity of the n AEL electrolytic cells to meet (1/2-1) b m 3 /h、(1～2)b m 3 /h、…、(n/2～n)b m 3 /h(n>1) And the hydrogen production capacity of N PEM electrolyzers meets (0-1) am 3 /h、(0～2)a m 3 /h、…、(0～N)a m 3 /h(N>1) The mixed multi-groove hydrogen production system realizes (0-100%) by different power regulation (N x a + N x b) m 3 Hydrogen production capacity per hour.
The mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module outputs rough hydrogen to the purification module, the purification module stores the rough hydrogen into the hydrogen buffer tank, pressure monitoring is carried out on the hydrogen buffer tank, when the pressure in the hydrogen buffer tank reaches a preset threshold value, the hydrogen buffer tank is opened, and the rough hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen purification unit for purification treatment. The hydrogen purification unit outputs purified hydrogen to the hydrogen supply module, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a circulating gas circuit, a first hydrogen supply pipeline, a second hydrogen supply pipeline and a third hydrogen supply pipeline. The circulating gas circuit sends the hydrogen output by the hydrogen purification unit to the sample detection unit for hydrogen qualification rate detection, and if the hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for re-purification; if the hydrogen is qualified, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline are/is opened according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and hydrogen is input into a hydrogen storage device (a hydrogen storage tank).
In order to realize the switching between different power supply modes, the electronic control device in this embodiment further includes a power supply mode control unit. The power supply mode control unit judges and switches the power supply modes of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, wherein the power supply modes comprise photovoltaic power supply, power grid power supply and renewable energy power supply. When the power supply capability of a certain power supply mode is reduced to 1/2, the power supply mode control unit automatically switches to be connected to a stable power supply mode for power supply.
The mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system is introduced in detail, and the control method of the mixed multi-tank hydrogen production system is introduced in detail below, so that stable hydrogen production in different power supply modes is realized, the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit is reduced, and the hydrogen production capacity of full load (0-100%) is achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, the control method of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system includes the following steps:
s1: responding to a photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, connecting direct current of a photovoltaic power station into a multi-channel power supply control module, distributing the direct current to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production according to preset power through DC/DC conversion, and supplying power to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment; or responding to a non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, accessing alternating current of a power grid or other sources into the multi-channel power supply control module, converting the alternating current into high-voltage direct current through AC/DC (alternating current/direct current), accessing the high-voltage direct current, and performing DC/DC voltage reduction and then supplying and distributing power;
s2: purifying and controlling the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production device to obtain purified hydrogen;
s3: the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is judged, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for purification again; if the hydrogen is qualified, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline are/is opened according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
In step S1, referring to fig. 3, in response to the photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, accessing the direct current of the photovoltaic power station to the multi-channel power supply control module, distributing the direct current to the PEM electrolyzer for power supply and hydrogen production through DC/DC conversion according to a preset power, and supplying power to the preheating unit of the AEL electrolyzer for temperature raising further includes:
s101: the power supply mode is judged in advance, whether the power supply mode is a photovoltaic power supply mode is judged, if yes, direct current of a photovoltaic power station is connected into a multi-channel power supply control module, power is distributed to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production through DC/DC conversion according to preset power, and power is supplied to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment;
s102: in the photovoltaic power supply mode, judging whether the current illumination intensity is above a preset intensity value or not, or carrying out MPPT operation on electric energy output by a photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point is above the energy utilization power of a hydrogen production system, if so, providing sufficient power support for an electrolytic cell according to a preset power supply and distribution proportion, and carrying out step S105; if not, go to step S103;
s103: judging whether the power supply capacity corresponding to the illumination intensity meets the normal operation of the electrolytic cell or not, or carrying out MPPT operation on the electric energy output by the photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point meets the minimum power of the hydrogen production system or not, if so, providing the electric energy for the N AEL electrolytic cells according to the preset power transmission amount of the AEL electrolytic cells, and regulating and controlling the opening and closing states and the current of the N PEM electrolytic cells according to the actual power transmission condition to enable the PEM electrolytic cells to carry out constant-voltage hydrogen production; if the hydrogen production request does not meet the requirement, judging whether the hydrogen production system has the hydrogen production request, and if the hydrogen production request exists, switching to enter a non-photovoltaic power supply mode; if no hydrogen production request exists, cutting off the power supply, and stopping the machine for maintenance;
s104: judging whether the input electric energy meets the power consumption requirement of the AEL electrolytic cell in a full-power state, if not, reducing the input current value of the AEL electrolytic cell on the basis of constant voltage, and meanwhile, carrying out standby on the PEM electrolytic cell for responding to fluctuating power; if yes, go to step S105;
s105: judging whether the pressure of the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen production module meets the requirement, if so, filling the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production module into a hydrogen buffer tank of the purification module; if not, the generation rate of hydrogen in the electrolytic cell is increased by adjusting the current input quantity.
In step S1, in response to the non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, accessing AC power from a power grid or other sources to the multi-channel power supply control module, and switching in high-voltage DC power by converting AC/DC into DC power and performing DC/DC voltage reduction to supply and distribute power further includes:
s111: distributing the low-voltage direct current subjected to AC/DC conversion and DC/DC conversion to a PEM electrolytic cell and an AEL electrolytic cell according to preset power for hydrogen preparation;
s112: in the process of hydrogen preparation of the hydrogen production module, judging whether the value of each sensor in the hydrogen production module exceeds a preset range, if so, starting or stopping a relevant valve, pump or electrolytic cell according to the parameter setting of the industrial personal computer, so that the value of the sensor is recovered to a normal stable state; if not, go to step S113;
s113: the value change of each sensor is continuously monitored.
In step S2, referring to fig. 4, the performing purification control on the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production apparatus to obtain purified hydrogen further includes:
s201: hydrogen and oxygen preferentially produced by N PEM electrolysis cells are respectively gathered through a hydrogen busbar and an oxygen busbar and then enter a hydrogen water separator and an oxygen water separator of the PEM for rough treatment, and pressure monitoring is carried out to obtain a pressure value alpha on the PEM side;
s202: conveying the hydrogen after the PEM side coarse treatment to a hydrogen buffer tank of a purification module, and monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank to obtain a pressure value gamma;
s203: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets gamma-4/5-alpha, if yes, controlling an electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into a hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen; if not, go to step S204;
s204: judging whether hydrogen is generated by the n AEL electrolysis bath sides through a hydrogen mother row and passing through a hydrogen water separator and a washing condenser, if not, continuously filling the crude hydrogen subjected to PEM washing and condensation into a hydrogen buffer tank, so that the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank meets the requirement of gamma-4/5-alpha; if so, monitoring the hydrogen pressure before the side of the hydrogen production module AEL enters a hydrogen buffer tank, and controlling the hydrogen pressure beta of the side of the AEL through an electromagnetic valve so as to enable the hydrogen pressure beta to meet the condition of beta-alpha <1 bar;
s205: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets the maximum pressure gamma of the hydrogen buffer tank (4/5 min alpha, beta), if not, continuously filling the hydrogen prepared by the AEL electrolytic tank and the PEM electrolytic tank in the hydrogen production module into the hydrogen buffer tank, and continuously monitoring to enable the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank to meet the pressure gamma of 4/5 min alpha, beta; if so, controlling the electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into the hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen.
In step S3, the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is determined, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulation gas path for further purification; if the hydrogen storage device is qualified, opening the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device further comprises:
s301: sending the hydrogen from the hydrogen purification unit to a sample detection unit through circulating gas;
s302: judging whether the dew point of the hydrogen and the oxygen content in the hydrogen meet preset thresholds or not, and if not, returning the hydrogen in the purification module to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas for re-purification; if yes, go to step S303;
s303: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell accords with the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2 x N AEL electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a third hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, continuing to judge the open-close state of the hydrogen front end electrolytic cell, and performing step S304;
s304: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell meets the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells, or the opening of less than 1/2 × N AEL electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2N PEM electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve is opened, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
In summary, in the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system and the control method thereof in the embodiment, aiming at the problem that the hydrogen production capacity and the hydrogen production energy consumption of the existing hydrogen production system cannot meet the requirements of industrial production due to the fact that a single electrolytic cell is adopted, the PEM electrolytic cell and the AEL electrolytic cell are combined and share one set of electric control device and purification device, stable hydrogen production under different power supply modes is met, the energy consumption of a hydrogen purification unit can be reduced, and the whole hydrogen production system can achieve the full-load (0-100%) hydrogen production capacity.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, they are still within the scope of the present invention provided that they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A mixed multi-groove hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising an electric control device and a hydrogen production device;
the electric control device comprises a multi-channel power supply control module, the multi-channel power supply control module is used for receiving high-voltage direct current provided by a photovoltaic power station and high-voltage direct current provided by alternating current provided by a power grid after being subjected to AC/DC conversion, and the multi-channel power supply control module is used for converting the accessed high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current through two or more DC/DC conversion and then supplying power to an electrolytic cell of the hydrogen production device;
the hydrogen production device comprises a mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module, a purification module and a hydrogen discharge module; the crude hydrogen output by the mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module is conveyed to the purification module, the purification module stores the crude hydrogen into the hydrogen buffer tank and monitors the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank, and when the pressure in the hydrogen buffer tank reaches a preset threshold value, the hydrogen buffer tank is opened and the crude hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen purification unit for purification treatment; the hydrogen purification unit outputs purified hydrogen to the hydrogen outlet module, and the hydrogen outlet module inputs the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device;
the mixed multi-groove hydrogen production module comprises N PEM electrolytic grooves and N AEL electrolytic grooves, and the hydrogen production capacity of a single PEM electrolytic groove is am 3 H, hydrogen production capacity of a single AEL cell is bm 3 H, regulating and controlling the electric control device to enable the hydrogen production capacity of the n AEL electrolytic cells to meet (1/2-1) bm 3 /h、(1～2)bm 3 /h、…、(n/2～n)bm 3 /h(n>1) And the hydrogen production capacity of N PEM electrolytic cells meets (0-1) am 3 /h、(0～2)am 3 /h、…、(0～N)am 3 /h(N>1) The mixed multi-groove hydrogen production system realizes (0-100%) by different power regulation (N x a + N x b) m 3 Hydrogen production capacity/h;
the hydrogen outlet module comprises a circulating gas circuit, a first hydrogen outlet pipeline, a second hydrogen outlet pipeline and a third hydrogen outlet pipeline; the circulating gas circuit sends the hydrogen output by the hydrogen purification unit to the sample detection unit for hydrogen qualification rate detection, and if the hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for re-purification; if the hydrogen storage device is qualified, the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline are/is opened according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage device.
2. A hybrid multi-cell hydrogen generation system as recited in claim 1, wherein the electrical control device further comprises a power mode control unit;
the power supply mode control unit judges and switches power supply modes of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, wherein the power supply modes comprise photovoltaic power supply, power grid power supply and renewable energy power supply;
when the power supply capability of a certain power supply mode is reduced to 1/2, the power supply mode control unit automatically switches to be connected to a stable power supply mode for power supply.
3. A control method of a hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, which is used for the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system as described in claim 1 or 2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
responding to a photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, connecting direct current of a photovoltaic power station into a multi-channel power supply control module, distributing the direct current to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production according to preset power through DC/DC conversion, and supplying power to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment; or responding to a non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, accessing alternating current of a power grid or other sources into the multi-channel power supply control module, converting the alternating current into high-voltage direct current through AC/DC (alternating current/direct current), accessing the high-voltage direct current, and performing DC/DC voltage reduction and then supplying and distributing power;
purifying and controlling the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production device to obtain purified hydrogen;
the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is judged, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas circuit for purification again; if the hydrogen is qualified, opening the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, and inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device;
wherein, the purification control of the crude hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production device to obtain purified hydrogen further comprises:
s201: hydrogen and oxygen preferentially produced by N PEM electrolysis cells are respectively gathered through a hydrogen busbar and an oxygen busbar and then enter a hydrogen water separator and an oxygen water separator of a PEM for rough treatment, and pressure monitoring is carried out;
s202: conveying the hydrogen subjected to the PEM side coarse treatment to a hydrogen buffer tank of a purification module, and monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank;
s203: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets gamma-4/5-alpha, if yes, controlling an electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into a hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen; if not, go to step S204;
s204: judging whether hydrogen is generated by the n AEL electrolysis bath sides through a hydrogen mother row and passing through a hydrogen water separator and a washing condenser, if not, continuously filling the crude hydrogen subjected to PEM washing and condensation into a hydrogen buffer tank, so that the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank meets the requirement of gamma-4/5-alpha; if so, monitoring the hydrogen pressure before the side of the hydrogen production module AEL enters a hydrogen buffer tank, and controlling the hydrogen pressure beta of the side of the AEL through an electromagnetic valve so as to meet the condition that beta-alpha is less than 1 bar;
s205: judging whether the pressure value in the hydrogen buffer tank meets gamma of the maximum pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank (alpha, beta) 4/5 min (alpha, beta), if not, continuously filling hydrogen prepared by an AEL electrolytic tank and a PEM electrolytic tank in the hydrogen production module into the hydrogen buffer tank, and continuously monitoring to enable the pressure value of the hydrogen buffer tank to meet gamma 4/5 min (alpha, beta); if so, controlling the electromagnetic valve to open the hydrogen buffer tank, and enabling the gas in the hydrogen buffer tank to flow into the hydrogen purification unit to purify the crude hydrogen.
4. The method for controlling a hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system according to claim 3, wherein the step of supplying the direct current of the photovoltaic power station to the multi-channel power supply control module in response to the photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-cell hydrogen production system, distributing the direct current to the PEM electrolysis cell for hydrogen production through DC/DC conversion according to a preset power, and supplying the preheating unit of the AEL electrolysis cell for temperature raising further comprises the steps of:
s101: the power supply mode is judged in advance, whether the power supply mode is a photovoltaic power supply mode is judged, if yes, direct current of a photovoltaic power station is connected into a multi-channel power supply control module, power is distributed to a PEM electrolytic cell for power supply and hydrogen production through DC/DC conversion according to preset power, and power is supplied to a preheating unit of an AEL electrolytic cell for heating treatment;
s102: in the photovoltaic power supply mode, judging whether the current illumination intensity is above a preset intensity value or not, or carrying out MPPT operation on electric energy output by a photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point is above the energy utilization power of a hydrogen production system, if so, providing sufficient power support for an electrolytic cell according to a preset power supply and distribution proportion, and carrying out step S105; if not, go to step S103;
s103: judging whether the power supply capacity corresponding to the illumination intensity meets the normal operation of the electrolytic cell or not, or carrying out MPPT operation on the electric energy output by the photovoltaic power station to obtain a maximum power point, judging whether the maximum power point meets the minimum power of the hydrogen production system or not, if so, providing the electric energy for the N AEL electrolytic cells according to the preset power transmission amount of the AEL electrolytic cells, and regulating and controlling the opening and closing states and the current of the N PEM electrolytic cells according to the actual power transmission condition to enable the PEM electrolytic cells to carry out constant-voltage hydrogen production; if the hydrogen production request does not meet the requirement, judging whether the hydrogen production system has the hydrogen production request, and if the hydrogen production request exists, switching to enter a non-photovoltaic power supply mode; if no hydrogen production request is made, cutting off the power supply, and stopping the machine for maintenance;
s104: judging whether the input electric energy meets the power consumption requirement of the AEL electrolytic cell in a full-power state, if not, reducing the input current value of the AEL electrolytic cell on the basis of constant voltage, and meanwhile, carrying out standby on the PEM electrolytic cell for responding to fluctuating power; if yes, go to step S105;
s105: judging whether the pressure of the hydrogen discharged by the hydrogen production module meets the requirement, if so, filling the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production module into a hydrogen buffer tank of the purification module; if not, the generation rate of hydrogen in the electrolytic cell is increased by adjusting the current input quantity.
5. The method for controlling a hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system according to claim 3, wherein the step of switching AC power from a power grid or other sources into the multi-channel power supply control module in response to the non-photovoltaic power supply mode of the hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system, and the switching in and the DC/DC voltage reduction via AC/DC to high voltage DC further comprises:
s111: distributing the low-voltage direct current subjected to AC/DC conversion and DC/DC conversion to a PEM electrolytic cell and an AEL electrolytic cell according to preset power for hydrogen preparation;
s112: in the process of hydrogen preparation of the hydrogen production module, judging whether the value of each sensor in the hydrogen production module exceeds a preset range, if so, starting or stopping a relevant valve, pump or electrolytic cell according to the parameter setting of the industrial personal computer, so that the value of the sensor is recovered to a normal stable state; if not, go to step S113;
s113: the value change of each sensor is continuously monitored.
6. A control method of a hybrid multi-tank hydrogen production system according to claim 3, wherein the qualification rate of the purified hydrogen is determined, and if the purified hydrogen is not qualified, the hydrogen in the purification module is returned to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulation gas path for further purification; if the hydrogen is qualified, according to a preset hydrogen outlet rule, opening the first hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the second hydrogen outlet pipeline and/or the third hydrogen outlet pipeline, and inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device further comprises:
s301: sending the hydrogen from the hydrogen purification unit to a sample detection unit through circulating gas;
s302: judging whether the dew point of the hydrogen and the oxygen content in the hydrogen meet preset thresholds or not, and if not, returning the hydrogen in the purification module to the hydrogen purification unit through the circulating gas for re-purification; if yes, go to step S303;
s303: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell accords with the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2 x N AEL electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a third hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, continuing to judge the open-close state of the hydrogen front end electrolytic cell, and performing step S304;
s304: judging whether the opening and closing state of the hydrogen front-end electrolytic cell meets the opening of N PEM electrolytic cells, or the opening of less than 1/2 × N AEL electrolytic cells or the opening of more than 1/2N PEM electrolytic cells, if so, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve and a second hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into a hydrogen storage device; if not, opening a first hydrogen outlet pipeline valve, and inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage device.
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