CN113231029A - 一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，属于材料技术领域。所述制备方法是先采用2‑氨基咪唑硫酸盐对活性炭纤维进行预处理，然后采用原位生长法将沸石咪唑骨架材料ZIF‑8负载到预处理的活性炭纤维上，即可制得所述功能材料。本发明将比表面积大，孔洞尺寸可调的ZIF‑8在室温下原位负载到活性炭纤维材料上制成一种具有高效脱色性能的功能材料，该方法工艺简单，充分利用活性炭纤维的优异性能及ZIF‑8对染料的吸附性能和光催化性能，使得功能材料在太阳光照射下能有效吸附、降解有机染料，实现印染废水中有机染料的脱色。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域，具体涉及一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法。
背景技术
有机染料被用于纺织行业时，在赋予纺织材料丰富色彩的同时，也引起了水资源污染，且印染废水成分复杂，含有无机盐、表面活性剂等，这在一定程度上增加了染料去除的难度。沸石咪唑骨架材料（ZIF-8）具有高比表面积、可调孔道以及良好的热和化学稳定性等优良性能。然而，在光催化应用方面，ZIF-8的高禁带限制了其性能。因此将其与具有一定导电性的物质相结合可以促进电子转移，降低光生h+ - e- 的复合速率，从而提高光催化效率。
活性炭纤维由于其较高的吸附容量，已被广泛应用于废水中各种污染物的去除。同时活性炭纤维耐酸、碱，耐高温，导电性和化学稳定性好，是一种较理想的环保材料。将ZIF-8负载在活性炭纤维上，不仅提高了对染料吸附量的同时利用活性炭纤维的导电性降低ZIF-8的光生h+ - e- 的复合率，还提高了ZIF-8的光催化性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，该功能材料可用于印染废水中有机染料的脱色，以解决印染中水回用或废水中水溶性染料带来的色度问题，达到节约用水，降低污染物排放的目的。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，先采用2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐对活性炭纤维进行预处理，然后采用原位生长法将沸石咪唑骨架材料ZIF-8负载到预处理的活性炭纤维上，即可制得所述功能材料。
进一步地，所述活性炭纤维包括活性炭散纤维、毡或布。
进一步地，所述预处理是将活性炭纤维用0.1mol/L的2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐溶液在50~60℃处理10~15 min，取出后烘干。
进一步地，所述原位生长法是将5~10 g/L经预处理过的活性炭纤维先浸入2-甲基咪唑溶的甲醇溶液中，超声处理40~60 min，然后在搅拌条件下加入六水合硝酸锌的甲醇溶液，20-30℃反应12~18 h，反应结束后将纤维材料取出，水洗后烘干。
进一步地，所述2-甲基咪唑溶的甲醇溶液中2-甲基咪唑溶的浓度为0.1~0.4 mol/L。
进一步地，所述六水合硝酸锌的甲醇溶液中六水合硝酸锌的浓度为0.1~0.3 mol/L。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所提供的技术方案将比表面积大，孔洞尺寸可调的ZIF-8在室温下原位负载到活性炭纤维材料上制成一种具有高效脱色性能的功能材料，该方法工艺简单，充分利用活性炭纤维的优异性能及ZIF-8对染料的吸附性能和光催化性能，使得功能材料在太阳光照射下能有效吸附、降解有机染料，实现印染废水中有机染料的脱色。将ZIF-8负载在纤维上，既可以获得更高的脱色效果，又易于重复利用，有良好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请具体实施例对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
（1）活性炭纤维预处理：将活性炭纤维用0.1mol/L的2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐溶液在50℃处理15 min，烘干。
（2）在预处理的活性炭纤维上原位生长ZIF-8：将2-甲基咪唑溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.2 mol/L的溶液，记为A溶液；将六水合硝酸锌溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.1 mol/L的溶液，记为B溶液；将5 g/L经预处理过的活性炭纤维浸入溶液A中，超声波处理40 min，在搅拌的条件下，将溶液B缓慢滴加到浸有活性炭纤维的溶液A中，室温下反应12 h，反应结束后将纤维材料取出，水洗，烘干。
为了考察所制备的功能材料对有机染料的脱色效果，以亚甲基蓝为脱色对象，测定功能材料对染料的脱色性能。测试条件为取0.5 g/100 mL的功能材料置于浓度为20 mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液中，在1000 W氙灯的照射下光催化降解90 min，测得染料的脱色率达到96%，重复使用三次后对染料的脱色率达到90%。
实施例2
一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
（1）活性炭纤维预处理：将活性炭纤维用0.1mol/L的2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐溶液在60℃处理10 min，烘干。
（2）在预处理的活性炭纤维上原位生长ZIF-8：将2-甲基咪唑溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.2 mol/L的溶液，记为A溶液；将六水合硝酸锌溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.2 mol/L的溶液，记为B溶液；将10 g/L经预处理过的活性炭纤维浸入溶液A中，超声波处理50 min，在搅拌的条件下，将溶液B缓慢滴加到浸有活性炭纤维的溶液A中，室温下反应16 h，反应结束后将纤维材料取出，水洗，烘干。
为了考察所制备的功能材料对有机染料的脱色效果，以活性艳兰KN-R染料为脱色对象，测定功能材料对染料的脱色性能。测试条件为取0.5 g/100 mL的功能材料置于浓度为20 mg/L的活性艳兰KN-R染液，在1000 W氙灯的照射下光催化降解90 min，测得染料的脱色率达到90%，重复使用三次后对染料的脱色率达到85%。
实施例3
一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
（1）活性炭纤维预处理：将活性炭纤维用0.1mol/L的2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐溶液在60℃处理15 min，烘干。
（2）在预处理的活性炭纤维上原位生长ZIF-8：将2-甲基咪唑溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.4 mol/L的溶液，记为A溶液；将六水合硝酸锌溶解到甲醇溶剂中，配制成0.3 mol/L的溶液，记为B溶液；将10 g/L经预处理过的活性炭纤维浸入溶液A中，超声波处理60 min，在搅拌的条件下，将溶液B缓慢滴加到浸有活性炭纤维的溶液A中，室温下反应18 h，反应结束后将纤维材料取出，水洗，烘干。
为了考察所制备的功能材料对有机染料的脱色效果，以活性黑KN-B染料为脱色对象，测定功能材料对染料的脱色性能。测试条件为取0.5 g/100 mL的功能材料置于浓度为20 mg/L的活性黑KN-B染液，在1000 W氙灯的照射下光催化降解90 min，测得染料的脱色率达到95%，重复使用三次后对染料的脱色率达到88%。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有高效脱色性能的活性炭纤维功能材料的制备方法，其特征在于：先采用2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐对活性炭纤维进行预处理，然后采用原位生长法将沸石咪唑骨架材料ZIF-8负载到预处理的活性炭纤维上，即可制得所述功能材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述活性炭纤维包括活性炭散纤维、活性炭毡或活性炭布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述预处理是将活性炭纤维用0.1mol/L的2-氨基咪唑硫酸盐溶液在50~60℃处理10~15 min，烘干。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述原位生长法是将5~10 g/L经预处理过的活性炭纤维先浸入2-甲基咪唑溶的甲醇溶液中，超声处理40~60 min，然后在搅拌条件下加入六水合硝酸锌的甲醇溶液，20-30℃反应12~18 h，反应结束后将纤维材料取出，水洗后烘干。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述2-甲基咪唑溶的甲醇溶液中2-甲基咪唑溶的浓度为0.1~0.4 mol/L。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述六水合硝酸锌的甲醇溶液中六水合硝酸锌的浓度为0.1~0.3 mol/L。
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