CN113225015B - Method for improving power generation utilization rate of solar panel - Google Patents
Method for improving power generation utilization rate of solar panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113225015B CN113225015B CN202110542369.5A CN202110542369A CN113225015B CN 113225015 B CN113225015 B CN 113225015B CN 202110542369 A CN202110542369 A CN 202110542369A CN 113225015 B CN113225015 B CN 113225015B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of solar power generation, and provides a method for improving the power generation utilization rate of a solar panel, which comprises the following steps: s1, the solar simulation module measures the weak energy state defining value of the maximum power point tracking of the product; s2, the signal processing module collects signal data; s3, enabling the solar MPPT control module to enter a charging state and tracking to an approximate maximum power point according to theoretical calculation; s4, the solar MPPT control module respectively tracks the maximum power point of the solar panel in a weak energy state and restarts the solar panel at regular time or tracks the maximum power point in a strong illumination high power state at any time according to the comparison between the charging current and the limit value of S1; the solar panel can fully utilize the energy generated by the solar panel, has very high maximum power point tracking efficiency under the condition of strong illumination and high power, has excellent maximum power point tracking efficiency under the state of weak light and low power, can stably obtain the maximum power under the scene of over-low voltage of the solar panel set, and is more flexible to apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar power generation, and particularly relates to a method for improving the power generation utilization rate of a solar panel.
Background
When the solar power generation system is in operation, when the illumination radiation intensity is low in the time periods of sunrise in cloudy days or morning and sunset in evening, the power generation capacity of the solar panel is weak, the energy generated by the solar panel is difficult to capture, the voltage of the solar panel is rapidly lowered by the MPPT controller or the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, so that the MPPT controller or the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter stops working and then restarts, the continuous repetition of the action provides challenges for the reliability of the auxiliary power supply of the product, wastes the energy which can be generated by the solar panel, reduces the power generation utilization rate of the solar panel, and also allows a user to mistakenly think that equipment fails; in some special application scenarios, the solar panel allowed to be accessed is limited, and meanwhile, the maximum power point voltage of the solar panel is lower than the voltage of a storage battery used for storing energy, so that when the MPPT type controller is used for generating electricity, an unstable phenomenon that the maximum power point cannot be tracked and the MPPT type controller is restarted is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for improving the power generation utilization rate of a solar panel.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a method for improving the power generation utilization rate of a solar panel comprises the solar panel, a solar simulation module, a solar MPPT functional circuit module, a solar MPPT control module and a signal processing module, wherein the solar simulation module is used for assisting in testing a demarcation point of an MPPT product for identifying a weak energy state, the solar panel is connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, the solar MPPT control module and the signal processing module are respectively connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, and the signal processing module is also connected with the solar MPPT control module;
further comprising the steps of:
s1, simulating the solar panel by the solar simulation module, and measuring the actual maximum power point P with obvious maximum power point offset position of the solar panel when the solar MPPT functional circuit module worksLCorresponding charging current ILAnd selecting the charging current ILA demarcation point for a weak energy state;
s2, using the signal processing module to sample the input voltage vpv (t) and current ipv (t) of the solar panel, the voltage Vbat (t) of the output battery and the charging current ichg (t) of the output battery connected to the solar MPPT function circuit module, wherein the open circuit voltage of the solar panel is denoted as Voc, the power generation power is denoted as p (t), the input voltage of the solar panel for initially starting charging is denoted as Vstart, the initial battery voltage is denoted as Vbat, and the input voltage of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is denoted as Vstart (t);
s3, when the charging condition Vpv (T) > Vstart or Vpv (T) > Vstart (T) is satisfied and the solar MPPT control module enters the charging state, the signal processing module calculates the PWM duty ratio D (T) according to the sampling data information to adjust the initial value D0 of the target, so that the solar MPPT control module can quickly track the approximate maximum power point of the solar panel;
s4 current charging Ichg (T)<ILWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,the solar MPPT control module enters a fixed voltage point tracking mode, at the moment, the PWM duty ratio is correspondingly adjusted according to the change of input voltage Vpv (T), the maximum power voltage is calculated and the maximum power point is positioned according to open-circuit voltage Voc (T) through an algorithm, meanwhile, the weak energy state timing Tm is started, when the timing is finished, the charging is stopped, and whether the charging condition Vpv (T) is met or not is judged again>Vstart (T), and repeat S3-S4;
when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen the solar MPPT control module exits the fixed voltage point tracking mode, the solar MPPT control module enters a disturbance observation method tracking mode instead, the signal processing module compares positive increment or negative increment of power according to the moving trend of a tracking point at the next moment, if the power is continuously increased, the digital signal processing module continues moving the tracking point in the same direction, the comparison is not stopped until the power reaches a peak value, the digital signal processing module works at the peak power stably, a disturbance timer is started, when the disturbance timing Td is finished, a duty ratio regulation step length delta D is initialized, the tracking process is restarted, and the maximum power point is periodically updated.
Further, the input voltage Vstart of the solar panel for initially starting charging is Vbat + Vs, and the input voltage Vstart (t) of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is Vbat (t) + Vs, where Vs is the minimum voltage difference value between the input voltage and the output voltage for starting charging, and Vstart (t) is updated according to the sampling period.
Further, in step S4, when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen entering into the perturb-and-observe tracking mode, if Vpv (T)<Vstart (t), the solar MPPT control module decreases the value of d (t) and returns vpv (t) to a large direction to bring the solar panel to a state closest to the maximum power point.
Further, the generated power p (t) is vpv (t) × ipv (t).
Further, in step S4, when charging current Ichg (T)>ILEntering a disturbance observation method tracking mode, when the weak energy state timing Tm is not started, P (T) is P (T-1) and the PWM duty ratio adjustment step length delta D is 0, the maximum power point which can be tracked by the solar MPPT control module is located, and the disturbance timing Td is simultaneouslyAnd starting timing, calculating delta D when the timing is finished, changing D (T), and updating the current maximum power point.
According to the method for improving the power generation utilization rate of the solar panel, provided by the invention, when the illumination radiation intensity is low in cloudy days or sunrise in the morning and sunset in the evening, namely the solar panel is in a weak energy state, the power generation power of the solar panel can be effectively stabilized, so that the energy generated by the solar panel can be fully utilized, the solar panel has very high maximum power point tracking efficiency under the condition of strong illumination and high power, excellent maximum power point tracking efficiency can be ensured under the condition of weak light and low power, the impact of repeated starting on an auxiliary power supply module is avoided, the utilization rate of solar energy and the system stability are greatly improved, resources are fully utilized, the maximum power can be stably obtained under the scene that the voltage of a solar panel set is too low, and the application is more flexible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation provided by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a method provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a voltage-power relationship curve of a solar panel with a certain specification under different illumination intensities.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the method for improving the power generation utilization of a solar panel disclosed by the invention comprises the solar panel, a solar simulation module, a solar MPPT functional circuit module, a solar MPPT control module and a signal processing module, wherein the solar simulation module is used for assisting in testing a demarcation point of an MPPT product for identifying a weak energy state, the solar panel is connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, the solar MPPT control module and the signal processing module are respectively connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, and the signal processing module is also connected with the solar MPPT control module, as shown in fig. 1;
as shown in fig. 2, the method further comprises the following steps:
s1, simulating the solar panel to work under the condition of using a disturbance observation method by using the solar simulation module, and measuring the actual maximum power point P with obvious maximum power point offset position of the solar panelLCorresponding charging current ILAnd selecting the charging current ILA demarcation point for a weak energy state;
the disturbance observation method refers to that the signal processing module compares positive increment or negative increment of power according to the moving trend of the tracking point at the next moment, if the power continuously shows positive increment, the digital signal processing module continuously moves the tracking point in the same direction until the power reaches a peak value, the digital signal processing module is stabilized at the peak power and starts a disturbance timer, and when the disturbance timing is finished, the duty ratio adjusting step length delta D is initialized and the tracking process is restarted.
S2, using the signal processing module to sample the input voltage vpv (t) and current ipv (t) of the solar panel, the voltage Vbat (t) of the output battery and the charging current ichg (t) of the output battery connected to the solar MPPT function circuit module, wherein the open circuit voltage of the solar panel is denoted as Voc, the power generation power is denoted as p (t), the input voltage of the solar panel for initially starting charging is denoted as Vstart, the initial battery voltage is denoted as Vbat, and the input voltage of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is denoted as Vstart (t);
the generated power p (t) may be easily obtained by the input voltage vpv (t) and the current ipv (t) of the solar panel, and the maximum power point voltage Vmpp under different illumination intensities, as shown in fig. 3, has a relationship with the corresponding open circuit voltage voc (t) by analyzing the voltage-power relationship curve of the solar panel under different illumination intensities: Vmpp/Voc is alpha, and alpha is a maximum power point voltage coefficient.
S3, when the charging condition Vpv (T) > Vstart or Vpv (T) > Vstart (T) is met, the signal processing module calculates the PWM duty ratio D (T) according to the sampling data information and adjusts the initial value D0 of the target, so that the solar MPPT control module can quickly track the approximate maximum power point of the solar panel;
wherein, the input voltage Vstart of the solar panel for initially starting charging is Vbat + Vs, and the input voltage Vstart (t) of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is Vbat (t) + Vs, where Vs is the minimum voltage difference value between the input voltage and the output voltage for starting charging, Vstart (t) is updated according to the sampling period, and the initial value D0 of the PWM target is Vbat/(Voc × α) obtained in step S2.
S4 current charging Ichg (T)<ILWhen the solar panel is in a weak illumination and weak energy state, the solar MPPT control module enters a fixed voltage point tracking mode, the PWM duty ratio D (T) is correspondingly adjusted according to the change of input voltage Vpv (T), the maximum power voltage is calculated and the maximum power point is positioned according to the open circuit voltage Voc (T) by an algorithm, the weak energy state timing Tm is started, when the timing is finished, the charging is stopped, and whether the charging condition Vpv (T) is met or not is judged again>Vstart (T), and repeat S3-S4;
when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen the solar panel is in a strong-illumination high-power state, the solar MPPT control module exits the fixed voltage point tracking mode and enters a disturbance observation method tracking mode, the signal processing module compares the positive increment or the negative increment of the power according to the moving trend of the tracking point at the next moment, and if the power is continuously increased, the signal processing module compares the positive increment or the negative increment of the powerContinuously moving the tracking point in the same direction, continuously comparing until the power reaches the peak value, stabilizing the power at the peak value, starting a disturbance timer, initializing a duty ratio regulation step length delta D when the time Td reaches the disturbance timing, restarting the tracking process, periodically updating the maximum power point, and if Vpv (T) is in the state<Vstart (t), the solar MPPT control module decreases the value of d (t) and returns vpv (t) to a large direction to bring the solar panel to a state closest to the maximum power point.
When the weak energy state timing Tm is not started, namely the solar panel does not work in the weak energy state and returns to the strong illumination high-power state again, P (T) is P (T-1) and the PWM duty ratio adjustment step length delta D is 0, the solar MPPT control module is located at the maximum power point which can be tracked, meanwhile, the disturbance timing Td starts to time, when the time is over, the delta D is calculated, so that D (T) is changed, a new current maximum power point is searched, the maximum power point of the solar panel is relocated at the fastest speed, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
When the illumination radiation intensity is low in time periods such as cloudy days, sunrise in the morning, sunset in the evening and the like, the solar MPPT functional circuit module connected with the solar panel starts a fixed voltage point tracking mode, can effectively stabilize the generated power of the solar panel in a weak energy state, directly positions the maximum power voltage and the maximum power point, enables the solar panel to fully utilize the generated energy, increases the system generated energy, increases a timing restarting mechanism, namely starts a weak energy state timing Tm, automatically judges whether the charging condition Vpv (T) > Vstart (T) is met again, continuously positions a new maximum power point and updates the maximum power point position in time; meanwhile, when the illumination is enhanced, the tracking mode of a disturbance observation method can be stably converted, when the number of the solar panels allowed to be accessed is limited, and the voltage of the maximum power point of the solar panels in the string is lower than the voltage of a storage battery used for storing energy, the power generation power can be stabilized, so that the solar panels can work at the maximum power point which can be reached, namely, the solar panels have very high maximum power point tracking efficiency under the condition of strong illumination and high power, excellent maximum power point tracking efficiency can be ensured under the low-light and low-power state, the impact of repeated starting on an auxiliary power supply module is avoided, the utilization rate of solar energy and the system stability are greatly improved, resources are fully utilized, and meanwhile, the maximum power can be stably obtained under the scene of too low voltage of the solar panel string, and the application is more flexible.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for improving the power generation utilization rate of the solar panel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the solar MPPT system comprises a solar panel, a solar simulation module, a solar MPPT functional circuit module, a solar MPPT control module and a signal processing module, wherein the solar simulation module is used for assisting in testing a demarcation point of an MPPT product for identifying a weak energy state, the solar panel is connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, the solar MPPT control module and the signal processing module are respectively connected with the solar MPPT functional circuit module, and the signal processing module is also connected with the solar MPPT control module;
further comprising the steps of:
s1, simulating the solar panel by the solar simulation module, and measuring the actual maximum power point P with obvious maximum power point offset position of the solar panel when the solar MPPT functional circuit module worksLCorresponding charging current ILAnd selecting the charging current ILA demarcation point for a weak energy state;
s2, using the signal processing module to sample the input voltage vpv (t) and current ipv (t) of the solar panel, the voltage Vbat (t) of the output battery and the charging current ichg (t) of the output battery connected to the solar MPPT function circuit module, wherein the open circuit voltage of the solar panel is denoted as Voc, the power generation power is denoted as p (t), the input voltage of the solar panel for initially starting charging is denoted as Vstart, the initial battery voltage is denoted as Vbat, and the input voltage of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is denoted as Vstart (t);
s3, when the charging condition Vpv (T) > Vstart or Vpv (T) > Vstart (T) is satisfied and the solar MPPT control module enters the charging state, the signal processing module calculates the PWM duty ratio D (T) according to the sampling data information to adjust the initial value D0 of the target, so that the solar MPPT control module can quickly track the approximate maximum power point of the solar panel;
s4 current charging Ichg (T)<ILWhen the solar MPPT control module enters a fixed voltage point tracking mode, the PWM duty ratio is correspondingly adjusted according to the change of input voltage Vpv (T), the maximum power voltage is calculated and the maximum power point is positioned through an algorithm according to open-circuit voltage Voc (T), meanwhile, the weak energy state timing Tm is started, when the timing is finished, the charging is stopped, and whether the charging condition Vpv (T) is met or not is judged again>Vstart (T), and repeat S3-S4;
when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen the solar MPPT control module exits the fixed voltage point tracking mode, the solar MPPT control module enters a disturbance observation method tracking mode instead, the signal processing module compares positive increment or negative increment of power according to the moving trend of a tracking point at the next moment, if the power is continuously increased, the digital signal processing module continues moving the tracking point in the same direction, the comparison is not stopped until the power reaches a peak value, the digital signal processing module works at the peak power stably, a disturbance timer is started, when the disturbance timing Td is finished, a duty ratio regulation step length delta D is initialized, the tracking process is restarted, and the maximum power point is periodically updated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the input voltage Vstart of the solar panel for initially starting charging is Vbat + Vs, and the input voltage Vstart (t) of the solar panel for allowing starting charging is Vbat (t) + Vs, where Vs is a minimum voltage difference value between the input voltage and the output voltage for starting charging, and Vstart (t) is updated according to a sampling period.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the step of increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar panel: in step S4, when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen entering into the perturb-and-observe tracking mode, if Vpv (T)<Vstart (t), the solar MPPT control module decreases the value of d (t) and returns vpv (t) to a large direction to bring the solar panel to a state closest to the maximum power point.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the generated power p (t) vpv (t) × ipv (t).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, when charging current Ichg (T)>ILWhen a tracking mode of a disturbance observation method is entered and the weak energy state timing Tm is not started, P (T) ═ P (T-1) and the PWM duty ratio adjustment step length delta D is 0, the solar MPPT control module is located at a maximum power point which can be tracked, meanwhile, the disturbance timing Td starts timing, and when the timing is ended, the delta D is calculated, so that D (T) is changed, and the current maximum power point is updated.
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