CN108494005A - Based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller and its algorithm - Google Patents
Based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller and its algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN108494005A CN108494005A CN201810396973.XA CN201810396973A CN108494005A CN 108494005 A CN108494005 A CN 108494005A CN 201810396973 A CN201810396973 A CN 201810396973A CN 108494005 A CN108494005 A CN 108494005A
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Classifications
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- H02J3/385—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind being based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller and its algorithm, including digital signal processing chip, detection and modulate circuit, driving circuit and synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits, the digital signal processing chip is connect with detection and modulate circuit and driving circuit respectively, detection and modulate circuit, driving circuit are connected with synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits respectively again, and synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are also connected with photovoltaic cell and DC bus.Advantage：For tracing maximum power of photovoltaic cell technology, opposite other methods have fast response time, tracking accuracy height and stronger robustness and adaptivity feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind being based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller and its algorithm, belongs to electric power electricity
Son and field of new energy technologies.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of regenerative resource of ideal " cleaning ".The most common method of applied solar energy is to pass through photovoltaic
Battery receptacle solar power generation.Solar battery array is on the characteristic curve of its one voltage of output power, and corresponding there are one work(
Rate maximum point, if photovoltaic cell can remain operating in this power maximum point, output power is the limit of the battery
Output power says that the transfer efficiency of at this moment photovoltaic cell reaches highest.It, must in order to realize photovoltaic generating system Maximum Power Output
MPPT maximum power point tracking (maximum power point tracking, MPPT) must be carried out to photovoltaic generating system.Often at present
Photovoltaic generation MPPT algorithm：Such as fixed voltage method, observation method of perturbation, conductance increment method, fuzzy control, sliding formwork control
Method.The above method can play good photovoltaic maximum power point tracking effect under certain condition, but still have with next
A little disadvantages：
1) dynamic property is poor when fixed voltage method is violent to extraneous environmental change, and tracking accuracy is not high and will produce
Large error；Observation method of perturbation is unstable near maximum power point, and there are larger oscillation, tracking process will produce mistake and sentence
It is disconnected, bad dynamic performance.Increment conductance method control parameter is more, and control method is more complex, higher to system hardware required precision；Mould
Pasting control methods has prodigious dependence, control effect widely different.
2) sliding formwork control method is a kind of discontinuous nonlinear Control.Strong antijamming capability, adaptive stress is strong, dynamic property
Good and tracking velocity is fast, but stability is not fine.
3) Boost DC/DC circuits carry out afterflow using diode, and when diode current flow is lost larger, influences the hair of system
Electrical efficiency.
Therefore, it to small-power photovoltaic generating system, studies a kind of new based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT
Algorithm, strong antijamming capability, adaptive faculty is strong, and dynamic property is good and tracking velocity is fast, and stability is good, can improve photovoltaic generation system
The efficiency of system.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, provide a kind of based on adaptive sliding mode control
Photovoltaic generation MPPT controller processed and its algorithm, can effectively improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generating system, have certain Ability of Resisting Disturbance,
Adaptive ability and system stability, and be easily achieved, it has a good application prospect.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT sun based on adaptive sliding-mode observer
Energy controller, including digital signal processing chip, detection and modulate circuit, driving circuit and synchronous Boost DC/DC transformation
Circuit, the digital signal processing chip connects with detection and modulate circuit and driving circuit respectively, detect and modulate circuit,
Driving circuit is connected with synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits respectively again, and synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are also connected with photovoltaic
Battery and DC bus；
The synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are by inductance L, power device V1、V2With capacitance C1、C2Composition, capacitance C1
It is connected with photovoltaic cell, inductance L and capacitance C1, power tube V1、V2It is connected, power tube V2Pass through capacitance C2It is connected with DC bus,
Power tube V1It is connected with driving circuit PWM1 feet, power tube V2It is connected with driving circuit PWM2 feet, at driving circuit and digital signal
It manages chip to be connected, detection and modulate circuit detect the voltage of photovoltaic cell output voltage, output current and DC bus respectively
Further, the digital signal processing chip realizes adaptive sliding modulo n arithmetic and PWM generator function, described same
It walks Boost DC/DC translation circuits and DC side output voltage u is detected by the detection and modulate circuito, photovoltaic cell it is defeated
Go out voltage upvWith output current iPVValue exports control signal by the adaptive sliding-mode observer, then defeated by PWM generator
Go out pwm signal, driving power device power pipe V1、V2Turn-on sequence, make to the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits
The photovoltaic cell is operated near maximum power point.
Further, the circuit connecting relation of the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits is：Capacitance C1 mono- terminates photovoltaic
The anode of battery and one end of inductance L, the cathode of another termination photovoltaic cell, power tube V1Drain electrode connect the another of inductance L respectively
One end and power tube V2Source electrode, power tube V1Source electrode meet the cathode of photovoltaic cell, power tube V2Drain electrode meet capacitance C respectively2
The anode of one end and DC bus, capacitance C2The other end is connected with the cathode of the cathode of DC bus and photovoltaic cell, power tube
V1 grids meet the PWM1 of driving circuit, power tube V2Grid meets the PWM2 of driving circuit, the capacitance C1 and capacitance C2Respectively with institute
It states detection and modulate circuit is connected, for detecting photovoltaic cell output voltage, output current and the voltage of DC bus.
Further, the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are synchronous translation circuit, using N-type power MOSFET
Power tube.
Further, the power tube V1、V2Switching frequency be operated in fixed switching frequency according to PWM generator.
Further, the power tube V1、V2Switching signal be complementary signal.
A kind of algorithm of the photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer, characterized in that including
Following steps：
1) by DC side output voltage uo, photovoltaic module output voltage upvEquivalent in real time account for is calculated according to formula (1)
Sky ratio ueq；
2) by the output voltage u of photovoltaic modulepvWith output current iPVValue v calculates sliding formwork control symbol according to formula (2)
Function sgn (s)；
3) sliding formwork control sign function adaptive step gain k is calculated further according to formula (3)s, wherein k0For initial sliding formwork
Gain, desirable light intensity correspond to the average value of no-load voltage ratio as a reference value, kaFor the proportional gain of power, ksValue becomes in section (0,1)
Change；
4) by sign function sgn (s) and step gain ksMultiplication obtains sliding-mode control law us, by sliding-mode control law usWith etc.
Imitate duty ratio ueqAddition obtains controlled quentity controlled variable u；
5) pass through PWM generator and generate drive signal, judge the power device V on the DC/DC circuits of synchronous Boost1、V2
Make-and-break time, driving power device V1、V2Break-make is powered DC bus；
The formula (1), (2) and (3) is as follows respectively：
ks=ka×iPV×uPV+k0(formula 3).
The advantageous effect that the present invention is reached：
It is provided by the invention a kind of based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller and its algorithm, anti-interference energy
Power is strong, and adaptive faculty is strong, and dynamic property is good and tracking velocity is fast, and stability is good, can improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generating system, and easily
In realization, have a good application prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of system block diagram based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of algorithm based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of system block diagram based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller, algorithm pass through
Digital processing chip DSP, detection and modulate circuit, pwm control circuit and driving circuit are realized.
The synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are by inductance L, power device V1、V2With capacitance C1、C2, photovoltaic cell and
DC bus forms.Capacitance C1It is connected with photovoltaic cell, inductance L and capacitance C1, power tube V1、V2It is connected, power tube V2Pass through electricity
Hold C2It is connected with DC bus.Power tube V1It is connected with driving circuit PWM1 feet, power tube V2It is connected with driving circuit PWM2 feet,
Driving circuit is connected with digital signal processing chip, and detection and modulate circuit detect photovoltaic cell output voltage, output electricity respectively
The voltage of stream and DC bus, detection and modulate circuit are connected with digit chip.
Specifically connection relation is：V in figure1, V2 1 pole, 2 poles and 3 poles indicate respectively the grid of power tube, drain electrode,
Source electrode, C1 mono- terminate anode and one end of inductance L of photovoltaic cell, the cathode of another termination photovoltaic cell.V1Drain electrode difference
Meet the one end inductance L and V2Source electrode, V1Source electrode meet the cathode of photovoltaic cell, V2Drain electrode meet capacitance C respectively2One end and direct current
The anode of busbar, capacitance C2The other end is connected with the cathode of the cathode of DC bus and photovoltaic cell.V1 grids connect driving circuit
PWM1, V1Grid meets the PWM2 of driving circuit, the C1 and C2It is connected respectively with the detection and modulate circuit, for examining
The voltage of survey photovoltaic cell output voltage, output current and DC bus.
Synchronization Boost DC/DC translation circuits are step-up DC/DC translation circuits, as power tube V1Conducting when, light
Battery is lied prostrate to inductance L energy storage, capacitance C2Electric energy is provided for DC bus, as power tube V1Shutdown, power tube V2Conducting, light
Volt battery and inductance L pass through power tube V2Electric energy is provided for DC bus, by controlling the make-and-break time of power tube, makes photovoltaic electric
Pond always tracks maximum output point.The circuit substitutes diode continuousing flow using power tube pipe, avoids the positive guide of diode
Logical pressure drop is big, cannot be satisfied the requirement to power consumption and efficiency when being operated in high switching frequency, further increases whole efficiency, reduces
Loss.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of schematic diagram of the algorithm based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT controller, passes through
Detect DC side output voltage uo, photovoltaic module output voltage upvWith output current iPV values.By DC side output voltage uo、
The output voltage u of photovoltaic modulepvReal-time equivalent duty ratio u is calculated according to formula (1)eq, by the output voltage u of photovoltaic modulepv
With output current iPVValue v calculates sliding formwork control sign function sgn (s) according to formula (2), and cunning is calculated further according to formula (3)
Mould controlling symbols function step gain ks, wherein k0For initial sliding formwork gain, light intensity is taken to correspond to the average value of no-load voltage ratio as base
Quasi- value, kaFor the proportional gain of power, ksValue changes in section (0,1).By sign function sgn (s) and step gain ksIt is mutually multiplied
To sliding-mode control law us, by sliding-mode control law usWith equivalent duty ratio ueqAddition obtains controlled quentity controlled variable u.It is generated by PWM generator
Drive signal judges the power device V on the DC/DC circuits of synchronous Boost1、V2Make-and-break time, driving power device V1、V2
Break-make is powered DC bus.Aforesaid operations are completed by being programmed in signal digital processing chip DSP.
ks=ka×iPV×uPV+ k (formula 3)
It is provided by the invention a kind of new based on adaptive sliding-mode observer photovoltaic generation MPPT algorithm, strong antijamming capability,
Adaptive faculty is strong, and dynamic property is good and tracking velocity is fast, and stability is good, can improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generating system, and is easy to real
It is existing, it has a good application prospect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer, including digital signal processing chip,
Detection and modulate circuit, driving circuit and synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits, the digital signal processing chip respectively with
Detection and modulate circuit and driving circuit connection, detection and modulate circuit, driving circuit again respectively with synchronous Boost DC/DC
Translation circuit connects, and synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are also connected with photovoltaic cell and DC bus；
The synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are by inductance L, power device V1、V2With capacitance C1、C2Composition, capacitance C1With light
It lies prostrate battery to be connected, inductance L and capacitance C1, power tube V1、V2It is connected, power tube V2Pass through capacitance C2It is connected with DC bus, power
Pipe V1It is connected with driving circuit PWM1 feet, power tube V2It is connected with driving circuit PWM2 feet, driving circuit and digital signal processor core
Piece is connected, and detection and modulate circuit detect the voltage of photovoltaic cell output voltage, output current and DC bus respectively.
2. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in, the digital signal processing chip realizes adaptive sliding modulo n arithmetic and PWM generator function, the synchronous Boost
DC/DC translation circuits detect DC side output voltage u by the detection and modulate circuito, photovoltaic cell output voltage upv
With output current iPVValue exports control signal by the adaptive sliding-mode observer, then by PWM generator output pwm signal,
Driving power device power pipe V1、V2Turn-on sequence, make the photovoltaic electric to the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits
Pond is operated near maximum power point.
3. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in, the circuit connecting relation of the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits is：Capacitance C1 mono- terminates the anode of photovoltaic cell
With one end of inductance L, the cathode of another termination photovoltaic cell, power tube V1Drain electrode connect the other end and power of inductance L respectively
Pipe V2Source electrode, power tube V1Source electrode meet the cathode of photovoltaic cell, power tube V2Drain electrode meet capacitance C respectively2One end and direct current
The anode of busbar, capacitance C2The other end is connected with the cathode of the cathode of DC bus and photovoltaic cell, and power tube V1 grids connect drive
The PWM1, power tube V of dynamic circuit2Grid meets the PWM2 of driving circuit, the capacitance C1 and capacitance C2Respectively with the detection and tune
It manages circuit to be connected, for detecting photovoltaic cell output voltage, output current and the voltage of DC bus.
4. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in, the synchronous Boost DC/DC translation circuits are synchronous translation circuit, using N-type power MOSFET power tubes.
5. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in, the power tube V1、V2Switching frequency be operated in fixed switching frequency according to PWM generator.
6. a kind of photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in, the power tube V1、V2Switching signal be complementary signal.
7. a kind of calculation based on the photovoltaic generation MPPT solar controllers based on adaptive sliding-mode observer described in claim 2
Method, characterized in that include the following steps：
1) by DC side output voltage uo, photovoltaic module output voltage upvReal-time equivalent duty ratio is calculated according to formula (1)
ueq；
2) by the output voltage u of photovoltaic modulepvWith output current iPVValue v calculates sliding formwork control sign function according to formula (2)
sgn(s)；
3) sliding formwork control sign function adaptive step gain k is calculated further according to formula (3)s, wherein k0Increase for initial sliding formwork
Benefit, desirable light intensity correspond to the average value of no-load voltage ratio as a reference value, kaFor the proportional gain of power, ksValue changes in section (0,1)；
4) by sign function sgn (s) and step gain ksMultiplication obtains sliding-mode control law us, by sliding-mode control law usIt is accounted for equivalent
Sky ratio ueqAddition obtains controlled quentity controlled variable u；
5) pass through PWM generator and generate drive signal, judge the power device V on the DC/DC circuits of synchronous Boost1、V2It is logical
Disconnected time, driving power device V1、V2Break-make is powered DC bus；
The formula (1), (2) and (3) is as follows respectively：
ks=ka×iPV×uPV+k0(formula 3).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109378881A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 福州大学 | A kind of power battery pack bidirectional self-adaptive balance control method |
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| CN109378881B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-08-31 | 福州大学 | Bidirectional self-adaptive equalization control method for power battery pack |
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