CN113216632A - Basement waterproof construction method - Google Patents
Basement waterproof construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216632A CN113216632A CN202110619495.6A CN202110619495A CN113216632A CN 113216632 A CN113216632 A CN 113216632A CN 202110619495 A CN202110619495 A CN 202110619495A CN 113216632 A CN113216632 A CN 113216632A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a basement waterproof construction method, which relates to the technical field of basement waterproof buildings and comprises the following steps: s1: the bottom plate is waterproof; s11: leveling by adopting cement mortar; s12: laying a bottom plate waterproof coiled material; s13: after the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate is laid, reinforcing steel bars are arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and concrete pouring is carried out; s14: after the concrete is poured, covering the concrete by using a film after the concrete is finally set; s2: side wall waterproofing: s21: after the concrete pouring of the side wall is finished, brushing a circle of waterproof paint on the surface of the side wall; s22: paving a side wall waterproof coiled material; s23: a protective isolation layer is arranged outside the side wall waterproof coiled material, and the protective isolation layer is a 50-thick extruded polystyrene board; s24: building M5 cement mortar shale solid bricks with the thickness of 120 to form a protective wall outside the protective isolation layer; s3: the top plate is waterproof: s31: leveling by adopting 1:2 cement mortar; s32: after leveling, laying a roof waterproof coiled material; s33: after the concrete is paved, the concrete is integrally poured by 70-thick C20 fine stone to form a rigid waterproof layer of the top plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of basement waterproof buildings, in particular to a basement waterproof construction method.
Background
In the current building engineering construction, the basement waterproofing process is an important construction link, and the quality of the waterproofing construction is related to the completion delivery, the difficulty and the easiness of warranty maintenance and the realization of the cost and the normal use function, so that the cost control of the project is directly influenced.
The existing basement has the defects of poor waterproof effect, high cost in the waterproof manufacturing process, complex procedures and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a basement waterproof construction method which is used for achieving the technical effect of improving the waterproof effect.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the bottom plate is waterproof;
s11: leveling by adopting cement mortar;
s12: laying a bottom plate waterproof coiled material;
s13: after the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate is laid, reinforcing steel bars are arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and concrete pouring is carried out;
s14: after the concrete is poured, covering the concrete by using a film after the concrete is finally set;
s2: side wall waterproofing:
s21: after the concrete pouring of the side wall is finished, brushing a circle of waterproof paint on the surface of the side wall;
s22: paving a side wall waterproof coiled material;
s23: a protective isolation layer is arranged outside the side wall waterproof coiled material, and the protective isolation layer is a 50-thick extruded polystyrene board;
s24: building M5 cement mortar shale solid bricks with the thickness of 120 to form a protective wall outside the protective isolation layer;
s3: the top plate is waterproof:
s31: leveling by adopting 1:2 cement mortar;
s32: after leveling, laying a roof waterproof coiled material;
s33: after the concrete is paved, the concrete is integrally poured by 70-thick C20 fine stone to form a rigid waterproof layer of the top plate.
In order to better realize the invention, the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate adopts a 1.5-thick HDPF high-polymer composite self-adhesive waterproof coiled material, the coiled material is selected to be suitable for tight construction period, for example, the construction period caused by rain season and other reasons, the coiled material can be constructed by adopting a free-lay method, the requirement on the dryness of a base layer is not high, the friction surface of the coiled material is reversely bonded with the bottom of the base concrete, a protective layer is not required to be arranged, the reinforcing steel bar can be directly installed and constructed on the coiled material, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the coiled material is easier to repair.
In order to better implement the invention, further, before the step of painting the waterproof paint at S21, the gasket on the waterproof counter-pull bolt is taken out, the bolt is cut along the bottom of the groove of the gasket, and waterproof cement mortar is used for plugging.
In order to better realize the invention, the side wall waterproof coiled material is a 1.5-thick II-type polymer composite self-adhesive waterproof coiled material, and the coiled material is selected mainly because the coiled material has high tensile strength and tear strength, can effectively prevent the puncture of plant roots, has good adhesive sealing performance, can effectively prevent water channeling, has acid and alkali resistance, is beneficial to construction, can specifically improve the construction efficiency, has good waterproof performance, is nontoxic and odorless, and meets the requirement of environmental protection.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the concrete process for laying the side wall waterproof roll comprises the following steps:
s221: when the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, firstly, cement slurry is prepared by using an adhesive, the cement slurry is brushed on the bonding surface of the waterproof coiled material, and then, the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid;
s222: and after the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, adhering the second layer of side wall waterproof coiled material to the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material by adopting a dry adhesion method.
The first layer is selected to be wet laid and concealed and adhered, so that the waterproof roll and the base layer can be well adhered, the quality defects such as hollowing and the like are reduced, and a better waterproof effect is achieved; the second layer adopts the dry-paving full-sticking method, so that the working efficiency can be effectively improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
In order to better realize the invention, further, before the side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, 1:2 cement mortar is used for leveling, and the thickness of the leveling layer is 20 mm.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the concrete base layer is subjected to slurry throwing or brushing before leveling.
In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step of laying the roof waterproof roll of S32 is as follows:
s321: after the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is constructed, a mortar protective layer with the thickness of 20mm is made of 1:2 cement mortar;
s322: and laying a second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material, and laying a layer of petroleum asphalt felt as an isolating layer after laying.
The mode of laying like this can effectively protect first layer waterproofing membrane, avoids the second floor coiled material to be damaged the back by the vegetation rhizome, destroys the first layer coiled material immediately.
In order to better realize the invention, the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is 1.5 thick II-type polymer composite self-adhesive waterproof roll.
The coiled material has higher tensile strength and tear strength, and can effectively prevent the puncture of plant roots; the bonding has better sealing performance, and can effectively prevent the water channeling phenomenon; has acid and alkali resistance and the like; in addition, the construction method is convenient in construction, can improve the construction efficiency, has good waterproof performance, is nontoxic and odorless, and meets the requirement of environmental protection.
In order to better realize the invention, the second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material is a 1.5-thick HDPE polymer composite self-adhesive root-puncture-resistant waterproof coiled material, and the coiled material is selected mainly because greening vegetation is arranged on the upper part of the coiled material, and the coiled material can resist the puncture and abrasion of the roots of the vegetation to the coiled material, so that the service life of the coiled material is prolonged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the construction process provided by the invention is adopted for basement waterproofing, all the operation steps are mutually cooperated, so that the waterproof effect is good, the project can be smoothly promoted, the maintenance probability is reduced, and the control of project cost is further enhanced.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a basement waterproof construction method which mainly comprises the following three steps:
the waterproof structure comprises a bottom plate, a side wall and a top plate, and the waterproof structure is specifically described in detail for the waterproof of each part.
The waterproof operation steps of the bottom plate are as follows:
s11: after the bottom plate cushion layer is poured, adopting 1:2, leveling the cushion layer by using cement mortar, wherein the leveling thickness is preferably not more than 20mm in the leveling process; after the moisture of the leveling layer is fully diffused, cleaning up the sundries on the surface layer, and facilitating the subsequent laying of the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate;
s12: laying a bottom plate waterproof coiled material;
the bottom plate waterproofing membrane adopts the compound self-adhesion waterproofing membrane of the high wind of 1.5 thick HDPF, and in the plane laying process, the construction of bottom plate waterproofing membrane adopts the anti-sticking method of pre-paving to be under construction, and wherein bottom plate waterproofing membrane long limit adopts like nature material to carry out the overlap joint from gluing the limit, and the minor face adopts like nature material to add overlap joint sticky tape lid seam overlap joint, and facade and slope part adopt the nail fixed back, and the area is pasted to the surface course and carries out the overlap joint.
The laying process of the foundation pit waterproof roll comprises the following steps:
before laying, a part of coiled material blocks with proper size are cut from the whole coiled material, and the coiled material blocks are fixed at the positions of the internal and external corners by adopting cement nails to be used as reinforcing gaskets of the internal and external corners.
Firstly, snapping lines on a cushion layer, determining a reference position for laying the coiled materials, laying a first waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate according to the reference line, then laying a second waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate, and so on until the laying is finished.
When the waterproof coiled material at the upper opening of the foundation pit is laid, the waterproof coiled material needing to be extended at the corner collision position is cut off, the waterproof coiled material is laid on a waterproof gasket reserved in advance, an original isolating membrane on the gasket is uncovered to be bonded and fixed, the waterproof coiled material is laid, cement nails are nailed at a position 5mm away from the edge of a lap edge to fix the vertical-face coiled material, a surface bonding pouring belt is used for covering the lap joint, and the waterproof performance of the fixed position is enhanced.
And (3) paving the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate at the joint of the plane and the vertical surface, and lapping by using a bonding adhesive tape.
When facade and domatic construction bottom plate waterproofing membrane, the reentrant corner department that has the minor face overlap joint sticky tape from low reentrant corner pastes upwards begins to lay, tears the barrier paper of overlap joint sticky tape on the plane coiled material and carries out bonding overlap joint processing with the plane coiled material below the facade, and the place of turning over the coiled material overlap down uses the overlap joint sticky tape firmly to bond to make a round trip the compaction with the compression roller, make its abundant bonding inseparable.
S13: after the waterproof coiled material is laid, mounting reinforcing steel bars on the waterproof coiled material, and pouring concrete;
carry out the reinforcing bar installation in-process on bottom plate waterproofing membrane, strictly prohibit to pull the reinforcing bar, the operation personnel need wear soft end and do not have the spiked shoes when its surface operation to keep the sole clean and tidy, accomplish the protection to bottom plate waterproofing membrane surface dull polish surface course, make it can keep good bonding effect with the concrete.
The selected concrete has mud content not more than 3% and no lump, the mud content of pebbles is not more than 1%, the particle size of pebbles is not more than 40mm, and the concrete cement consumption is not less than 260kg/m3And simultaneously, the cement consumption is controlled within the maximum cement consumption range.
In order to make the concrete produce self-stress to make the structure in the compression state, the concrete is mixed with 6% -8% of cement dosage of micro-expansion agent and 1.2kg/m3The slump of the CH-Q anti-cracking fiber is controlled to be 120-160 mm.
When concrete is poured, sundries on the surface of the bottom waterproof coiled material layer are cleaned, and the fact that no other sundries exist in the frosted layer on the surface of the waterproof coiled material is guaranteed, so that the bonding of the concrete and the coiled material surface is affected; the concrete pouring is carried out by adopting a construction method of 'inclined plane layering and continuous propulsion'; the concrete is vibrated by adopting a secondary vibrating process, so that the gas discharge rate in the concrete is increased, the concrete is vibrated compactly, and quality defects and common faults are avoided; in the vibrating process, the vibrating rod needs to be inserted into the previous layer of concrete to a depth of not less than 50mm, the vibrating distance does not exceed 1.4 times of the acting radius of the vibrating rod, and the air bubbles are uniformly vibrated and discharged by adopting a vibrating mode of fast insertion and slow drawing.
S14: after the concrete is poured, covering the concrete by using a film after the concrete is finally set;
and the lap joint between the films is not less than 100mm so as to ensure that the concrete is in a heat preservation and moisture preservation state, and the watering maintenance is started within 12 hours so as to ensure that the surface of the concrete is wet.
The operation process of the side wall waterproof and waterproof comprises the following steps:
s21: after the concrete pouring of the side wall is finished, brushing a circle of waterproof paint on the surface of the side wall;
specifically, after the side wall concrete pouring is finished and the formwork is dismantled, the gasket on the water stop counter pull bolt is taken out, the bolt is cut along the bottom of the groove of the gasket, waterproof cement mortar is adopted for plugging, the plugging needs to be tight and full, and the phenomena of cracks and the like cannot occur; and after plugging, coating a circle of waterproof coating on the surface of the mortar to fill up possible plugging cracks.
S22: paving a side wall waterproof coiled material;
s221: when the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, firstly, cement slurry is prepared by using an adhesive, the cement slurry is brushed on the bonding surface of the waterproof coiled material, and then, the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid;
the side wall waterproof roll adopts 1.5 thick II type polymer composite self-adhesion waterproof roll, before laying the side wall waterproof roll, the base layer is leveled firstly, 1:2 cement mortar is adopted for leveling, the leveling thickness is 20mm, before leveling construction, the concrete base layer is thrown to slurry or brush hair, so that the base layer and the mortar leveling layer can be more fully bonded, a guiding rule is adopted for checking the flatness in the leveling process, and the phenomenon of hollowing in the construction of the roll layer is avoided.
When the first layer of waterproof coiled material of the side wall is laid, cement slurry is prepared by using a special adhesive, the cement is fully brushed on the bonding surface of the coiled material, the first layer of waterproof coiled material of the side wall is laid and attached by adopting a spreading method, hollowing and wrinkles cannot occur between the first layer of waterproof coiled material and the base layer, the lap joint length between the first layer of waterproof coiled material is not less than 100mm, and the bonding is tight and full.
S222: after the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, the second layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is bonded with the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material by a dry bonding method;
namely: paving the bonding surface of the second layer side wall waterproof coiled material on the first layer side wall waterproof coiled material downwards, slowly tearing the isolation film from the back from the upper end, simultaneously sticking the part of the torn isolation film on the first layer side wall waterproof coiled material, wherein hollowing and wrinkles cannot occur in the adhesion between the coiled materials, and the lap joint of the second layer side wall waterproof coiled material needs to be tightly overlapped and bonded with the first layer side wall waterproof coiled material in a staggered way, so that hollowing and wrinkles cannot occur; the lapping of the coiled material is reserved between the coiled material at the bottom of the side wall and the outside of the bottom plate, and the upturning width of the reserved reinforcing layer is not less than 500 mm.
S23: a protective isolation layer is arranged outside the side wall waterproof coiled material, and the protective isolation layer is a 50-thick extruded polystyrene board;
s24: building M5 cement mortar shale solid bricks with the thickness of 120 to form a protective wall outside the protective isolation layer;
the outside of a waterproof roll material layer of the second layer side wall is protected and isolated by adopting a 50-thick extruded polystyrene board, a 120-thick M5 cement mortar shale solid brick is built outside to serve as a protection wall, a 10mm gap is reserved between the wall body and the waterproof layer and is filled by adopting M5 cement mortar, the gap is fully filled by the mortar, and the waterproof effect is enhanced; backfilling by adopting plain clay for layering and tamping, wherein the bottom part is firstly used by 3: 7, backfilling the lime soil until the top surface of the bottom plate is used as a water-resisting layer, and rolling and compacting the upper plain clay, so that the external water flow permeation can be effectively reduced.
The concrete operation steps of top plate waterproofing are as follows:
s31: adopting cement mortar with the ratio of 1:2 for leveling,
after the top plate concrete construction is finished, the method comprises the following steps of 1:2, leveling the base layer by cement mortar, wherein the leveling layer needs to ensure the surface to be smooth, and unevenness is not generated; the internal and external corners are plastered into arc corners by cement mortar, the minimum radius of the internal corner is 50mm, and the minimum radius of the external corner is 20 mm.
S32: after leveling, laying a roof waterproof coiled material;
s321: after the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is constructed, a mortar protective layer with the thickness of 20mm is made of 1:2 cement mortar;
adopt 1.5 thick II type polymer composite self-adhesion waterproofing membrane to carry out laying of first layer roof waterproofing membrane, use wet to spread to fill the adhesion method and construct, pat the coiled material surface with wooden trowel or rubber slab during the bonding, carry the thick liquid, the air of discharge roof waterproofing membrane lower surface makes roof waterproofing membrane and grout closely laminate, roof waterproofing membrane and basic unit bonding department can not appear hollowly, fold, coiled material overlap joint length must not be less than 100 mm.
After the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is constructed, a 20mm back mortar protective layer is made of 1:2 cement mortar, the protective layer and the roll are full and cannot have a gap, and LC5.0 light aggregate is used as a slope finding layer on the protective layer to form a protective layer.
S322: and laying a second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material, and laying a layer of petroleum asphalt felt as an isolating layer after laying.
The second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material is a 1.5-thick HDPE high-molecular composite self-adhesive root-puncture-resistant waterproof coiled material, the second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material is paved by using an air paving method, the lap joint is welded by a hot air welding machine, and the lap joint does not need to be full and wrinkle-free; and paving a petroleum asphalt felt as an isolating layer on the upper layer.
After the top plate waterproof roll is laid, integrally pouring a rigid waterproof layer of the top plate by adopting 70-thick C20 fine-stone concrete, adding 5% of waterproof agent into the concrete, arranging two-way phi 4@200 steel bars in the concrete, and arranging 20mm two-way separation seams at intervals of 6 m; the vibrator is required to fully vibrate the concrete in the concrete pouring process, air bubbles in the concrete are removed to enable the concrete to be full and compact, the concrete is compacted and troweled in a mode of troweling after pouring for a while, and concrete curing measures are carried out in time, so that the concrete is ensured to be insulated and moist, and the concrete is prevented from cracking; and taking out the separating strips after the concrete is solidified, and filling the separating seams with asphalt until the filling seams are full and no missing filling occurs.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A basement waterproof construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the bottom plate is waterproof;
s11: leveling by adopting cement mortar;
s12: laying a bottom plate waterproof coiled material;
s13: after the waterproof coiled material of the bottom plate is laid, reinforcing steel bars are arranged on the waterproof coiled material, and concrete pouring is carried out;
s14: after the concrete is poured, covering the concrete by using a film after the concrete is finally set;
s2: side wall waterproofing:
s21: after the concrete pouring of the side wall is finished, brushing a circle of waterproof paint on the surface of the side wall;
s22: paving a side wall waterproof coiled material;
s23: a protective isolation layer is arranged outside the side wall waterproof coiled material, and the protective isolation layer is a 50-thick extruded polystyrene board;
s24: building M5 cement mortar shale solid bricks with the thickness of 120 to form a protective wall outside the protective isolation layer;
s3: the top plate is waterproof:
s31: leveling by adopting 1:2 cement mortar;
s32: after leveling, laying a roof waterproof coiled material;
s33: after the concrete is paved, the concrete is integrally poured by 70-thick C20 fine stone to form a rigid waterproof layer of the top plate.
2. The basement waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the floor waterproofing roll is a 1.5 thick HDPF polymer composite self-adhesive waterproofing roll.
3. The basement waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein before the waterproof coating is applied in the operation of S21, the gasket on the waterproof counter bolt is taken out, the bolt is cut along the bottom of the groove of the gasket, and waterproof cement mortar is used for plugging.
4. The basement waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the side wall waterproofing roll is a 1.5 thick II-type polymer composite self-adhesive waterproofing roll.
5. The basement waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete process of laying the side wall waterproofing roll is as follows:
s221: when the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, firstly, cement slurry is prepared by using an adhesive, the cement slurry is brushed on the bonding surface of the waterproof coiled material, and then, the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid;
s222: and after the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material is laid, adhering the second layer of side wall waterproof coiled material to the first layer of side wall waterproof coiled material by adopting a dry adhesion method.
6. The waterproof construction method for the basement according to claim 5, wherein before the side wall waterproof roll is laid, 1:2 cement mortar is used for leveling, and the thickness of the leveling layer is 20 mm.
7. The waterproof construction method for the basement according to claim 6, wherein the concrete base layer is brushed or whipped before leveling.
8. The basement waterproofing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of laying the waterproof roll of the top slab of S32 is as follows:
s321: after the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is constructed, a mortar protective layer with the thickness of 20mm is made of 1:2 cement mortar;
s322: and laying a second layer of top plate waterproof coiled material, and laying a layer of petroleum asphalt felt as an isolating layer after laying.
9. The waterproof construction method for basement according to claim 8,
the first layer of top plate waterproof roll is 1.5 thick II-type polymer composite self-adhesive waterproof roll.
10. The waterproof construction mode for the basement according to claim 8, wherein the waterproof roll of the second layer of the top plate is a 1.5-thick HDPE polymer composite self-adhesive root-penetration-resistant waterproof roll.
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| CN113738400A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-03 | 中交隧道工程局有限公司 | Construction method for blocking subway shield well |
| CN114197524A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Waterproof construction method for civil air defense basement |
| CN114382287A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-22 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Basement roof waterproof construction method |
| CN114525843A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-24 | 瑞洲建设集团有限公司 | Basement construction method |
| CN114991121A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-02 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Inner lining wall structure and construction method thereof |
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