CN113216541A - Mechanical spraying plastering construction method - Google Patents
Mechanical spraying plastering construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216541A CN113216541A CN202110505874.2A CN202110505874A CN113216541A CN 113216541 A CN113216541 A CN 113216541A CN 202110505874 A CN202110505874 A CN 202110505874A CN 113216541 A CN113216541 A CN 113216541A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
- E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical spraying and plastering construction method, which comprises the following steps: performing base layer treatment, namely performing base layer treatment on a concrete wall to be constructed; laying a steel wire mesh: arranging a steel wire mesh at the joint of the formwork masonry and the aerated concrete block masonry with the concrete beam, the column and the wall; constructing an interface layer: spraying interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall in a mechanical spraying mode to form an interface layer; paying off and punching ribs: punching ribs on the interface layer to form ribs; and (3) net hanging enhancement treatment: grid cloth is arranged at the rib part, the internal and external corners and the door and window parts of the concrete wall body; spraying and leveling surface mortar; through 2 times of strengthening treatment, the wall body is ensured not to be subjected to hollowing and cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a mechanical spraying plastering construction method.
Background
Mechanical spraying and plastering means that a large mortar pump is adopted to directly pump plastering mortar (cement base) from the ground to a construction floor, and then the plastering mortar is automatically sprayed on a wall at high pressure and high speed to realize mechanical mortar plastering construction; the construction method of mechanical spraying and plastering has the following advantages:
the quality is high: the mortar pump is adopted for high-pressure impact and is sprayed on the wall, the mortar is uniform and dense, the bonding is firm, hollowing, cracking and falling are not easy to cause, the quality can be ensured, and the cost caused by reworking is reduced; the plastering agent is particularly suitable for plastering the outer wall, and can reduce the cracking and water seepage of the outer wall, thereby reducing the later maintenance cost of the outer wall.
More environment-friendly: the mechanical spraying plastering construction method is used for premixing mortar or dry powder mortar, further realizing mechanical spraying construction and realizing closed stirring and spraying, thereby reducing dust pollution, reducing mortar waste and reducing building material energy waste.
High efficiency: because of adopting mechanized spraying construction, improve the efficiency of construction by a wide margin, more than 2 times of traditional manual work construction to accelerate construction speed, shorten construction cycle by a wide margin.
The construction of mechanical spraying plastering mortar has such advantages that the mortar is expected to be rapidly developed and is rapidly accepted by people, but the existing wall is not seen in the market in practice, and the main reason for the condition is that the existing wall is mostly composed of different materials, and the joint of the different materials of the wall is easy to crack and hollowly after the construction is finished.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a mechanical spraying and plastering construction method, which aims to solve the problems that the existing wall body is mostly made of different materials, and the joint of the different materials of the wall body is easy to crack and hollowly after the construction is finished.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a mechanical spraying plastering construction method comprises the following steps:
performing base layer treatment, namely performing base layer treatment on a concrete wall to be constructed;
laying a steel wire mesh: arranging a steel wire mesh at the joint of the formwork masonry and the aerated concrete block masonry with the concrete beam, the column and the wall;
constructing an interface layer: spraying interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall in a mechanical spraying mode to form an interface layer;
paying off and punching ribs: punching ribs on the interface layer to form ribs;
and (3) net hanging enhancement treatment: grid cloth is arranged at the rib part, the internal and external corners and the door and window parts of the concrete wall body;
spraying and leveling surface mortar.
Preferably, between the step of paying off and punching the rib and the step of reinforcing the hanging net, the method further comprises the following steps:
door frame corner line die-filling: fixing and installing the corner line part of the door frame by using an external corner aluminum die, reserving mortar construction thickness according to the finished ribs of the large-area wall body, fixing the external corner aluminum die by using expansion screws which are installed on the concrete wall body in advance, checking the verticality and the squareness of the external corner aluminum die and the size of the opening of the door frame by using a laser leveling instrument, and enabling the external corner aluminum die and the opening to correspond to the large-area concrete wall body;
spraying bottom layer mortar: and after uniformly stirring the bottom layer mortar, spraying the bottom layer mortar to the interface layer by a spraying machine.
Preferably, the interface mortar is sprayed on the surface of the concrete wall body by a mechanical spraying method to form the interface layer, and the method further comprises the following steps:
mixing the interface mortar, comprising:
adding water into the container, and then adding an interfacial agent, wherein the volume ratio of the interfacial agent to the water is 1: 0.22-0.25, stirring uniformly until no block is formed to a using consistency, stopping stirring, standing for 2-3 minutes to fully dissolve organic substances, and stirring for 1 minute to form the interface mortar, wherein the interface mortar is used up within 3 hours and used up within 2 hours in summer, the interface mortar is sun-proof and windproof to prevent water from evaporating too fast to be initially set and dried in advance, the interface agent cannot be mixed with dry-mixed mortar of other types for use, and other materials cannot be added in the preparation and use process.
Preferably, in the step of spraying the interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall body by a mechanical spraying mode to form the interface layer, the thickness of the mechanical spraying is controlled to be 1-2mm, the using amount is 3kg per square meter, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 10-30 ℃ during construction, and the construction is stopped below 5 ℃.
Preferably, in the step of paying off and punching the ribs: the position spacing of the ribs is not more than 1m, the ribs are well found to be vertical and flat by a ruler plate, the ribs are in a strip shape with the width of 5-10mm formed by smearing rib mortar of a non-shrinkage ternary composite system, when the area of the wall surface is larger than a preset value, a cross central line is popped out on the ground or the wall surface, then a corner line is popped out according to the flatness of the interface layer, then a perpendicular line is hung at a position 100mm away from an internal corner of the wall and a plumb line is popped out, and then the wall surface plastering layer thickness control line on two walls of the internal corner is popped out by turning over the wall according to the corner line popped out on the ground or the wall surface.
Preferably, the proportion of the non-shrinkage ternary composite system rib mortar is as follows:
desulfurized gypsum: 30 to 40 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
ordinary silica cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
sulphoaluminate cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
retarder: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
cellulose ether: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
polyvinyl alcohol: 1.0 to 2.0 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
the rest part is filled up to 100% by river sand.
Preferably, the bottom mortar spraying comprises:
leveling: the concrete wall body construction 28 days just after 24 hours of interface mortar spraying, the moist sanitization of wall in advance can make level the construction, before making level the construction, should pay attention to the straightness and the roughness of hanging down of negative and positive angle and door and window entrance to a cave, and door, window entrance to a cave size are plastered 10mm thick mortar of making level on every side, and the top sword has the water leakage line, and lower windowsill has the tailrace slope, for back stopper mouth way.
Preferably, the bottom mortar spraying further comprises:
the spray gun is selected according to the spraying environment, wherein the short spray gun is suitable for narrow space and areas with lower spraying height, the long spray gun is suitable for larger space and areas with higher spraying height or areas which are not easy to be touched by an operator, and the spray gun main body and the joint can rotate so as to be convenient to operate;
the posture of the spray gun is preferably kept vertical to the wall surface;
when the wall surface with the height of less than 2m is sprayed, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to keep the position of the spray gun horizontal;
when the wall surface with the height of more than 2m is sprayed, the conveying pipe is erected on the shoulder, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand to keep the horizontal position, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to prevent the hose from being bent;
the spraying thickness can be used for spraying the wall surface with the bottom layer mortar thickness of less than 10mm at one time;
for the wall surface with the wall surface height deviation exceeding l5mm, two times of cross spraying are adopted, the first spraying thickness is not more than 10mm, so that the wall body is covered flatly, and after the first spraying is finished, the wall surface is slightly dried to 7, and then the second spraying is carried out;
if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the time interval of two-time spraying can be prolonged;
the final spraying thickness of the bottom layer mortar can be slightly higher than that of the standard ribs, the overall spraying thickness is not more than 3mm of the standard thickness, the moving speed and the stroke interval of a spray gun are well controlled in the spraying process so as to improve the flatness of the surface of the sprayed blank, and the spraying distance is controlled to be 0.8-1 m.
Preferably, the spraying route of spraying the bottom layer mortar to the interface layer by a spraying machine is as follows:
when the wall materials are different, spraying the wall surface with weak water absorption first, and then spraying the wall surface with strong water absorption to ensure that the mortar curing rate of the wall surface is as consistent as possible, wherein the wall bodies are arranged according to the sequence of the water absorption rate: the porous bricks are sintered faster than the concrete hollow blocks than the aerated concrete blocks.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the surface layer mortar is as follows:
cement: 15-20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
fly ash: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
cellulose ether: 0.05 to 0.1 percent of,
emulsion powder: 2 to 3 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
polyvinyl alcohol: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of,
polypropylene fiber: 0.1 to 0.2 percent.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize following beneficial effect:
the invention provides a mechanical spraying plastering construction method, which is characterized in that the joint of different materials of a wall body (namely the joint of a formwork masonry and an aerated concrete block masonry with a concrete beam, a concrete column and a concrete wall) is reinforced by a steel wire mesh before construction, and after bottom mortar is sprayed, the positions of internal and external corners, door and window openings and the like are reinforced by alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth. Through 2 times of strengthening treatment, the wall body is ensured not to be subjected to hollowing and cracking.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a mechanical spray plastering construction method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a mechanical spraying and plastering construction method.
As shown in fig. 1, in a first embodiment of the present invention, a mechanical spray plastering method is provided, which includes the following steps:
step S101: base layer treatment: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out base layer treatment on a concrete wall to be constructed, specifically: the method comprises the steps of removing bulges, hollows and loose parts on a concrete wall to be constructed, and plugging screw holes in the concrete wall on two sides by polyurethane foaming glue, so that the concrete wall has no attachments which hinder bonding with a finish coat, such as oil stain, dirt, soil and the like.
Step S102: laying a steel wire mesh: and arranging steel wire meshes at the joints of the formwork masonry and the aerated concrete block masonry with the concrete beam, the concrete column and the concrete wall for reinforcement treatment.
Specifically, the wire net here adopts electric heat zinc-plated net, and the diameter is more than or equal to 1.2mm, mesh 20mm is by 20mm, at brickwork and concrete beam, post, wall handing-over department and water and electricity pipe groove position and then the electronic box back, will electric heat zinc-plated net cuts into wide 300 mm's rectangular to different material wall body junctions respectively press the width that is not less than 150mm for center both sides.
Step S103: constructing an interface layer: firstly mixing interface mortar, then carrying out ash removal treatment on the surface of the concrete wall, spraying the mixed interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall in a mechanical spraying mode to form a network-shaped interface layer with pits, and blowing away dust, wherein the spraying thickness is based on basically covering the surface of the concrete wall.
Step S104: paying off and punching ribs: punching ribs on the interface layer to form ribs; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and according to the surface flatness and verticality of the interface layer, taking the interface layer with the best surface flatness and verticality as a reference surface, hanging verticality, sleeving a square, finding a gauge, determining the thickness of a punching rib, wherein the thickness of the punching rib is more than or equal to 7mm and less than or equal to 12mm, and then punching the rib by using the thickness of the punching rib to form ribs.
Step S105: and (3) net hanging enhancement treatment: and (3) arranging alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth at the rib part, the internal and external corners and the door and window part of the concrete wall, wherein the width of the net is 10-15cm, and the rib is ensured not to crack.
Step S106: spraying and leveling surface mortar: and spraying surface mortar after the bottom mortar is solidified to 8 days, and then carrying out leveling work.
Step S107: door frame stripping and door and window corner line closing: and when the surface mortar reaches 50% of the designed strength, the external corner aluminum die is removed, the finished corners are protected during removal, and damaged or incomplete corner lines need to be repaired in time.
Step S108: quality inspection: after the surface mortar survives, performing quality self-check before the surface mortar is initially set, wherein the quality self-check comprises whether the mortar has cracks or not, whether the verticality, the flatness and the 90-degree internal and external angles reach the standard or not, and immediately modifying and timely repairing the unqualified parts found.
Step S109: and (5) maintenance: and curing the surface mortar 12 hours after final setting, wherein the wet curing is carried out for 2-3 times per day for not less than 7 days.
The construction method of mechanical spraying and plastering provided by the invention is seemingly complex and simple in practice, the whole process is decomposed into each construction node, each node has special materials and construction requirements, each construction node can be independently wrapped, and construction supervision and inspection are enhanced; therefore, the processes can be well connected, the construction progress is accelerated, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The method is characterized in that the joint of different materials of a wall body (namely the joint of a formwork masonry and an aerated concrete block masonry with a concrete beam, a concrete column and a concrete wall) is reinforced by a steel wire mesh before construction, and after bottom mortar is sprayed, the positions of internal and external corners, door and window openings and the like are reinforced by alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth. Through 2 times of strengthening treatment, the wall body is ensured not to be subjected to hollowing and cracking.
Each process of the embodiment adopts mechanized spraying construction, the construction is rapid and convenient, the binding power is good, the strength is high, no cracking and hollowing are caused, and the flatness is high.
In a second embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method, based on the first embodiment, the following steps are further included between step S140 and step S150:
step S210: door frame corner line die-filling: and fixing and installing the corner line part of the door frame by using an external corner aluminum die, reserving the mortar construction thickness according to the finished ribs of the large-area wall body, fixing the external corner aluminum die by using expansion screws which are installed on the concrete wall body in advance, checking the verticality and the squareness of the external corner aluminum die and the size of the opening of the door frame by using a laser leveling instrument, and enabling the external corner aluminum die to correspond to the large-area concrete wall body.
Step S220: spraying bottom layer mortar: and after uniformly stirring the bottom layer mortar, spraying the bottom layer mortar to the interface layer by a spraying machine.
The materials used in the invention are four kinds of interface mortar, rib mortar, bottom mortar and surface mortar, each mortar is a special material, polymer modification and fiber crack resistance are adopted, the material properties are very close, and the problems of cracking, hollowing and the like caused by the expansion coefficient of the material can be avoided.
In a third embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, the step of spraying the interface mortar onto the surface of the concrete wall by mechanical spraying to form the interface layer of network-like pits in step S103 includes the following steps:
step S310: the method for mixing the interface mortar specifically comprises the following steps:
adding water into the container, and then adding an interfacial agent, wherein the volume ratio of the interfacial agent to the water is 1: 0.22-0.25, stirring uniformly until no block is formed to a using consistency, stopping stirring, standing for 2-3 minutes to fully dissolve organic substances, and stirring for 1 minute to form the interface mortar, wherein the interface mortar is used up within 3 hours and used up within 2 hours in summer, the interface mortar is sun-proof and windproof to prevent water from evaporating too fast to be initially set and dried in advance, the interface agent cannot be mixed with dry-mixed mortar of other types for use, and other materials cannot be added in the preparation and use process.
After the wet interfacial agent is initially solidified in the construction process, water cannot be added for the second time and the wet interfacial agent is uniformly stirred for reuse. The preparation of the interfacial agent can not be excessive every time, the temperature condition is determined according to different environments, the use of the interfacial agent is preferably controlled within 1-2 hours, and the waste is reduced.
The surfaces of walls and concrete buildings need to be firm, the surfaces of the objects are wetted by water spray, and the construction can be carried out after dust is removed; in particularly dry weather, or on the wall with strong water absorption, or when the temperature of the wall is higher than 35 ℃ due to sunlight irradiation in summer, a small amount of water is sprayed to wet and cool, and water is sprayed for maintenance in time after construction.
In the fourth embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method provided by the invention, based on the third embodiment, in the step of spraying the interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall body by a mechanical spraying way to form the interface layer of the network-shaped pits in the step S103, the thickness of the mechanical spraying is controlled to be 1-2mm, thus being beneficial to the following construction, and the interface agent mortar can be pressed into gaps to prevent hollowing and falling off, the dosage is 3kg per square meter, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 10-30 ℃ during construction, and the construction is stopped below 5 ℃.
In a fifth embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method, based on the first embodiment, in step S104: the position spacing of the ribs is not more than 1m, the ribs are well found to be vertical and flat by a ruler plate, the ribs are in a strip shape with the width of 5-10mm formed by smearing rib mortar of a non-shrinkage ternary composite system, when the area of the wall surface is larger than a preset value (50 square meters), a cross central line is popped up on the ground or on the wall surface, then a corner line is popped up according to the flatness of the interface layer, then a perpendicular line is hung at a position 100mm away from an internal corner of the wall and a plumb line is popped up, and then the wall surface plastering layer thickness control line which is popped up on two walls of the internal corner is pulled over towards the wall according to the corner line popped up on the ground or on the wall surface.
In a sixth embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering construction method provided by the invention, based on the fifth embodiment, the non-shrinkage ternary composite system rib mortar has the following mixing ratio:
desulfurized gypsum: 30 to 40 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
ordinary silica cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
sulphoaluminate cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
retarder: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
cellulose ether: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
polyvinyl alcohol: 1.0 to 2.0 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
the rest part is filled up to 100% by river sand.
In a seventh embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method, based on the second embodiment, step S220 includes the following steps:
step S710: leveling: the concrete wall body construction 28 days just after 24 hours of interface mortar spraying, the moist sanitization of wall in advance can make level the construction, before making level the construction, should pay attention to the straightness and the roughness of hanging down of negative and positive angle and door and window entrance to a cave, and door, window entrance to a cave size are plastered 10mm thick mortar of making level on every side, and the top sword has the water leakage line, and lower windowsill has the tailrace slope, for back stopper mouth way.
And leveling the bottom layer of the wall body by adopting a professional machine to spray plastering mortar for machine spraying construction, wherein the mortar for leveling is uniformly stirred to reach a consistency suitable for application. The water consumption is not excessive, the excessive water content easily causes the quality problems of low strength, ash falling and the like of the leveling mortar, and the water adding amount is strictly controlled by preparing the leveling mortar by a specially-assigned person.
In an eighth embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method, based on the seventh embodiment, step S220 further includes the following steps:
step S810: the spray gun is selected according to the spraying environment, wherein the short spray gun is suitable for narrow space, the area with the lower spraying height, the long spray gun is suitable for larger space, the spraying height is higher, or the area which is not easy to be touched by an operator can be rotated between the spray gun main body and the joint, and the operation is convenient.
Step S820: the lance attitude is preferably maintained perpendicular to the wall surface.
Step S830: when the wall surface with the height of less than 2m is sprayed, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to keep the position of the spray gun horizontal.
Step S840: when the wall surface with the height of more than 2m is sprayed, the conveying pipe is erected on the shoulder, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand to keep the horizontal position, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to prevent the hose from being bent.
Step S850: the spraying thickness can be used for spraying the wall surface with the bottom layer mortar thickness of less than 10mm at one time.
Step S860: and for the wall surface with the wall surface height deviation exceeding l5mm, two times of cross spraying are adopted, the first spraying thickness is not more than 10mm so as to flatly cover the wall body, and after the first spraying is finished, the wall surface is slightly dried to 7 degrees, and then the second spraying is carried out.
Step S870: if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the time interval between two times of spraying can be prolonged.
Step S880: the final spraying thickness of the bottom layer mortar can be slightly higher than that of the standard ribs, the overall spraying thickness is not more than 3mm of the standard thickness, the moving speed and the stroke interval of a spray gun are well controlled in the spraying process so as to improve the flatness of the surface of the sprayed blank, and the spraying distance is controlled to be 0.8-1 m.
In a ninth embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method according to the present invention, based on the eighth embodiment, the spraying route of the step S106 for spraying the primer mortar to the interface layer by the spraying machine is as follows:
when the wall materials are different, spraying the wall surface with weak water absorption first, and then spraying the wall surface with strong water absorption to ensure that the mortar curing rate of the wall surface is as consistent as possible, wherein the wall bodies are arranged according to the sequence of the water absorption rate: the porous bricks are sintered faster than the concrete hollow blocks than the aerated concrete blocks.
In a tenth embodiment of the mechanical spraying and plastering construction method provided by the invention, based on the first embodiment, the surface layer mortar is mixed in the following ratio:
cement: 15-20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
fly ash: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
cellulose ether: 0.05 to 0.1 percent of,
emulsion powder: 2 to 3 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
polyvinyl alcohol: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of,
polypropylene fiber: 0.1 to 0.2 percent.
In an eleventh embodiment of the mechanical spray plastering method, based on the first embodiment, step S106 includes the following steps:
step S1101: and (3) carrying out trowelling work 10 minutes after spraying the surface layer mortar at normal temperature, wherein the trowelling work can be mechanical trowelling or manual trowelling, the trowelling operation is recommended to be started 20-30 minutes after spraying at the temperature of below 10 ℃, trowelling is firstly carried out by taking the ribs as base points, horizontally, vertically and alternately searching for mortar reference surfaces, and rubbing and trowelling by using an electric polishing machine.
In the step of smoothing and smoothing, a hand-held electric trowel is used for back and forth rubbing and pressing the mortar wall surface for 2-3 times, and the mortar on the wall surface is rubbed and pressed to the surface of the wall body, so that the appearance of the wall surface is improved, the cracking of the mortar on the surface layer is reduced, and the shrinkage cracks are avoided and reduced.
In order to improve the construction quality, whether cracks exist on the plastering surface can be checked before and after plastering for 1 hour, and the cracks can be trowelled and burnished again by using a trowel, so that the follow-up cracks can be effectively reduced.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, wherein the software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes instructions for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A mechanical spraying plastering construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing base layer treatment, namely performing base layer treatment on a concrete wall to be constructed;
laying a steel wire mesh: arranging a steel wire mesh at the joint of the formwork masonry and the aerated concrete block masonry with the concrete beam, the column and the wall;
constructing an interface layer: firstly, mixing interface mortar, then carrying out ash removal treatment on the surface of the concrete wall, spraying the mixed interface mortar on the surface of the concrete wall in a mechanical spraying mode to form a network-shaped interface layer with pits, and blowing away dust, wherein the spraying thickness is based on basically covering the surface of the concrete wall;
paying off and punching ribs: performing punching on the interface layer to form ribs, taking the interface layer with the best surface flatness and the best vertical condition as a reference surface, hanging the interface layer vertically, sleeving the interface layer, finding a gauge, determining the thickness of the punching ribs, wherein the thickness of the punching ribs is greater than or equal to 7mm and less than or equal to 12mm, and then performing punching on the ribs by using the thickness of the punching ribs to form the ribs;
and (3) net hanging enhancement treatment: the grid cloth is arranged at the rib part, the internal and external corners and the door and window part of the concrete wall body, the width of the hanging net is 10-15cm, and the rib is ensured not to crack;
spraying and leveling surface mortar: after the bottom layer mortar is solidified to 8, spraying surface layer mortar, and then performing leveling work;
door frame stripping and door and window corner line closing: and when the surface mortar reaches 50% of the designed strength, the external corner aluminum die is removed, the finished corners are protected during removal, and damaged or incomplete corner lines need to be repaired in time.
2. The mechanical spray plastering method of claim 1, wherein between the step of paying off and punching the tendon and the step of reinforcing the hanging net, the method further comprises:
door frame corner line die-filling: fixing and installing the corner line part of the door frame by using an external corner aluminum die, reserving mortar construction thickness according to the finished ribs of the large-area wall body, fixing the external corner aluminum die by using expansion screws which are installed on the concrete wall body in advance, checking the verticality and the squareness of the external corner aluminum die and the size of the opening of the door frame by using a laser leveling instrument, and enabling the external corner aluminum die and the opening to correspond to the large-area concrete wall body;
spraying bottom layer mortar: and after uniformly stirring the bottom layer mortar, spraying the bottom layer mortar to the interface layer by a spraying machine.
3. The mechanical spray plastering method of claim 1, wherein the step of spraying the interface mortar onto the surface of the concrete wall by mechanical spraying to form the interface layer further comprises:
mixing the interface mortar, comprising:
adding water into the container, and then adding an interfacial agent, wherein the volume ratio of the interfacial agent to the water is 1: 0.22-0.25, stirring uniformly until no block is formed to a using consistency, stopping stirring, standing for 2-3 minutes to fully dissolve organic substances, and stirring for 1 minute to form the interface mortar, wherein the interface mortar is used up within 3 hours and used up within 2 hours in summer, the interface mortar is sun-proof and windproof to prevent water from evaporating too fast to be initially set and dried in advance, the interface agent cannot be mixed with dry-mixed mortar of other types for use, and other materials cannot be added in the preparation and use process.
4. The mechanical spray plastering method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step of spraying the interface mortar onto the surface of the concrete wall by mechanical spraying to form the interface layer, the thickness of the mechanical spraying is controlled to be 1-2mm, the amount is 3kg per square meter, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 10-30 ℃ during construction, and the construction is stopped below 5 ℃.
5. The mechanical spray plastering method of claim 1, wherein the step of paying off and punching the fillets comprises: the position spacing of the ribs is not more than 1m, the ribs are well found to be vertical and flat by a ruler plate, the ribs are in a strip shape with the width of 5-10mm formed by smearing rib mortar of a non-shrinkage ternary composite system, when the area of the wall surface is larger than a preset value, a cross central line is popped out on the ground or the wall surface, then a corner line is popped out according to the flatness of the interface layer, then a perpendicular line is hung at a position 100mm away from an internal corner of the wall and a plumb line is popped out, and then the wall surface plastering layer thickness control line on two walls of the internal corner is popped out by turning over the wall according to the corner line popped out on the ground or the wall surface.
6. The mechanical spray plastering construction method of claim 5, wherein the non-shrinkage ternary composite system rib mortar is prepared by the following mixing ratio:
desulfurized gypsum: 30 to 40 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
ordinary silica cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
sulphoaluminate cement: 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
retarder: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
cellulose ether: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of,
polyvinyl alcohol: 1.0 to 2.0 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
the rest part is filled up to 100% by river sand.
7. A mechanical spray rendering construction method of claim 2, wherein said primer layer is mortar sprayed, previously comprising:
leveling: the concrete wall body construction 28 days just after 24 hours of interface mortar spraying, the moist sanitization of wall in advance can make level the construction, before making level the construction, should pay attention to the straightness and the roughness of hanging down of negative and positive angle and door and window entrance to a cave, and door, window entrance to a cave size are plastered 10mm thick mortar of making level on every side, and the top sword has the water leakage line, and lower windowsill has the tailrace slope, for back stopper mouth way.
8. The mechanical spray plastering method of claim 7, wherein the mortar spraying of the primer layer further comprises:
the spray gun is selected according to the spraying environment, wherein the short spray gun is suitable for narrow space and areas with lower spraying height, the long spray gun is suitable for larger space and areas with higher spraying height or areas which are not easy to be touched by an operator, and the spray gun main body and the joint can rotate so as to be convenient to operate;
the posture of the spray gun is preferably kept vertical to the wall surface;
when the wall surface with the height of less than 2m is sprayed, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to keep the position of the spray gun horizontal;
when the wall surface with the height of more than 2m is sprayed, the conveying pipe is erected on the shoulder, the aluminum spray gun is supported by one hand to keep the horizontal position, and the conveying hose and the air pipe are held by the other hand to prevent the hose from being bent;
the spraying thickness can be used for spraying the wall surface with the bottom layer mortar thickness of less than 10mm at one time;
for the wall surface with the wall surface height deviation exceeding l5mm, two times of cross spraying are adopted, the first spraying thickness is not more than 10mm, so that the wall body is covered flatly, and after the first spraying is finished, the wall surface is slightly dried to 7, and then the second spraying is carried out;
if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the time interval of two-time spraying can be prolonged;
the final spraying thickness of the bottom layer mortar can be slightly higher than that of the standard ribs, the overall spraying thickness is not more than 3mm of the standard thickness, the moving speed and the stroke interval of a spray gun are well controlled in the spraying process so as to improve the flatness of the surface of the sprayed blank, and the spraying distance is controlled to be 0.8-1 m.
9. The mechanical spray plastering method of claim 8, wherein the spraying route of the primer mortar to the interface layer by the spraying machine is as follows:
when the wall materials are different, spraying the wall surface with weak water absorption first, and then spraying the wall surface with strong water absorption to ensure that the mortar curing rate of the wall surface is as consistent as possible, wherein the wall bodies are arranged according to the sequence of the water absorption rate: the porous bricks are sintered faster than the concrete hollow blocks than the aerated concrete blocks.
10. The mechanical spray plastering construction method according to claim 1, wherein the surface mortar is mixed in the following ratio:
cement: 15-20 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
fly ash: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
cellulose ether: 0.05 to 0.1 percent of,
emulsion powder: 2 to 3 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
polyvinyl alcohol: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of,
polypropylene fiber: 0.1 to 0.2 percent.
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