CN113216350B - Bioretention pond suitable for coastal sponge city and device and method for optimizing performance of filling medium of bioretention pond - Google Patents
Bioretention pond suitable for coastal sponge city and device and method for optimizing performance of filling medium of bioretention pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN113216350B CN113216350B CN202110386913.1A CN202110386913A CN113216350B CN 113216350 B CN113216350 B CN 113216350B CN 202110386913 A CN202110386913 A CN 202110386913A CN 113216350 B CN113216350 B CN 113216350B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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Abstract
A biological retention pool suitable for coastal sponge cities and a device and a method for optimizing the performance of a filler medium of the biological retention pool comprise a biological retention pool body, wherein the biological retention pool body sequentially consists of a water overflow layer, a covering layer, a filler layer, a transition layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom; the packing layer is composed of local loam in coastal sponge cities, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock; a water permeable publication is laid between the covering layer and the packing layer, a water permeable publication is laid between the packing layer and the transition layer, and a water permeable publication is laid between the transition layer and the drainage layer; the bottom of the drainage layer is provided with a drainage pipe; the periphery of the drain pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile; the PE shading film is wound on the outer wall of the biological retention tank body. The method has the advantages that the original materials are modified and optimally matched and combined, so that the removal rate of the rainwater runoff pollutants in the bioretention pond is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sponge city construction, and particularly relates to a biological retention tank suitable for coastal sponge cities and a device and a method for optimizing the performance of a filler medium of the biological retention tank (namely, the device for optimizing both the biological retention tank and the filler medium).
Background
The rapid development of urbanization has increased the number of impermeable pavements. Non-point source pollution, particularly storm-water runoff pollution, has received much attention in recent years. The impermeability of the catchment area leads to reduced runoff infiltration rate, aggravated runoff pollution of the rainwater, which contains excessive organic matters and nutrients, such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total Nitrogen (TN), total Phosphorus (TP), ammonia Nitrogen (NH) 3 -N), etc., thereby causing problems of eutrophication, bad smell, etc.
The bioretention pond is used as an optimal management measure (BMP), can effectively weaken the torrential rain peak flow and relieve the non-point source pollution problem. The purification of the rainwater runoff by the bioretention pond mainly depends on physical, chemical and biological effects such as evaporation and filtration of vegetation, adsorption, precipitation and ion exchange of filler media, biological (microbial) conversion and the like. The filler medium plays a crucial role in the whole process.
The filler medium of the traditional biological detention pond can be loam, loamy sandy soil or sandy loam, and has good interception performance on rainwater runoff pollutants such as heavy metals, pathogenic bacteria and suspended matters. The variability of the rainwater runoff and the constantly changing environmental climate factors such as early drought time (ADT) and Rainfall Intensity (RI) can greatly influence the function of the bioretention pond, so that the removal rate of organic matters and nutrients in the rainwater runoff pollution by the filler medium of the traditional bioretention pond is greatly changed.
Therefore, it is necessary to research a method for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the filling medium suitable for the coastal sponge city and the like according to the rainfall characteristics and the rainfall runoff pollution characteristics of the coastal sponge city (such as Ningbo and the like).
Disclosure of Invention
This application is not enough to prior art's the aforesaid, provides one kind through modifying and optimizing collocation combination to original material, improves the biological detention pond and is applicable to littoral sponge city's biological detention pond and the device that filler medium performance optimizes to rainwater runoff pollutant removal rate.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a device suitable for a biological retention tank of a coastal sponge city and for optimizing the performance of a filler medium of the biological retention tank comprises a biological retention tank body, wherein the biological retention tank body sequentially consists of a water overflow layer, a covering layer, a filler layer, a transition layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom; the packing layer is composed of local loam in a coastal sponge city (such as Ningbo), river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock;
a permeable geotextile is laid between the covering layer and the packing layer, a permeable geotextile is laid between the packing layer and the transition layer, and a permeable geotextile is laid between the transition layer and the drainage layer; the bottom of the drainage layer is provided with a drainage pipe; the periphery of the drain pipe is wrapped with permeable geotextile; the PE shading film is wound on the outer wall of the bioretention pond body (specifically, the PE shading film is wound on the outer side wall of the pond, and the purpose and the function of winding the PE shading film are to ensure the simulation of a real underground lightless environment and simultaneously prevent algae from growing, so that the pollutant treatment efficiency of the bioretention pond is influenced).
Preferably, the left and right rows of small holes are arranged in the upward 45-degree direction of the water pipe center of the row, the diameter of each small hole is 5mm, and the hole distance is 20mm. By adopting the mechanism, the two rows of small holes are used for draining water, and the sizes and the direction angles of the small holes are set for reducing the blockage of the drainage pipe caused by the filler flowing into the drainage pipe along with the infiltration water body.
Preferably, the thickness of the overflow layer is 100mm, the upper end of the overflow layer is connected with an overflow pipe, and when the rainfall is overlarge, the stored water in the overflow layer directly flows to the overflow well through the overflow pipe. The overflow layer can provide temporary storage space for storm water, so that partial sediment in the rainwater runoff is precipitated on the overflow layer, and pollutants such as organic matters, metal ions and the like attached to the sediment are removed.
Preferably, the covering layer has a thickness of 50mm and is formed by paving gravels with a grain diameter of 15-20 mm. The covering layer is used for filtering large-particle substances in the rainwater runoff, preventing runoff from directly scouring a surface soil layer and reducing water and soil loss.
Preferably, the thickness of the filler layer is 400-600mm, and the filler layer is composed of loam, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron-modified river sand and volcanic rock. The application the packing layer have good permeability, can effectively hold back, adsorb and degrade the pollutant in the runoff rainwater simultaneously, realize water purification's effect.
Preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 50-100mm, and the transition layer is paved by river sand with the grain diameter of 10-20 mm; the transition layer can prevent that the filler from being washed out directly, also undertakes partial adsorption filtration effect simultaneously.
Preferably, the thickness of the drainage layer is 300mm, and the drainage layer is formed by paving gravels with the grain diameter of 30-35 mm. The drainage layer is used as a bearing layer of the biological detention pond, has larger pores and has the functions of collecting treated rainwater runoff and storing partial rainwater runoff. The bottom of the drainage layer is provided with a perforated drainage pipe, and the gravel layer can effectively protect the drainage pipe and prevent the drainage pipe from being blocked.
Preferably, the facility area of the biological retention pond is 10% of the catchment area.
Preferably, the river sand, loam, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock are obtained by screening preferably, and the mass percentage is 55% to 30% to 5%.
Preferably, the specific preparation method of the iron-modified river sand comprises the following steps: mixing river sand with FeCl with the concentration of 2.5mol/L 3 Uniformly mixing the solution, heating and drying at the drying temperature of 100-120 ℃; burning the dried modified river sand at 480-580 ℃ for 2-4h; cooling to room temperature, centrifugally washing with deionized water for several times, and heating and drying at 100-120 deg.C; then adding 2.1mol/LFe (NO) into the dried modified river sand 3 ) 3 Mixing with 10mol/LNaOH solution, uniformly heating to 100-120 ℃, and drying for 12-15h; screening the dried modified river sand by using a screen with the aperture of 0.5mm to remove fine iron oxide particles, centrifugally washing the sand for a plurality of times by using deionized water, heating the sand to 100-120 ℃ and drying the sand, wherein the dried modified river sand is the iron modified river sand。
The invention also relates to a method for optimizing the performance of the retention tank and the filler medium, which specifically comprises the following steps: the biological detention pond is applied under the simulation of natural rainfall and rainwater runoff in a laboratory, and the performance of the filler medium is optimized, so that pollutants in the rainwater runoff are effectively intercepted, filtered, adsorbed, absorbed, degraded and repaired. That is, the best performance of the detention pool structure and the performance of the packing medium can be obtained through the simulation process, thereby providing a more appropriate and most efficient scheme for real scene application.
The application has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has the innovation that the iron modification optimization is carried out on the river sand, the loam, the rice husk carbon, the iron modified river sand and the volcanic rock are uniformly mixed by changing the composition and the proportion of the filler medium, and the biological retention tank is filled according to the mass percentage of 55 percent, 30 percent, 5 percent and 5 percent. The medium composition of the traditional filler is loam and river sand, while the application can provide an electron donor for the filler by adding 5% of biochar, the permeability of the filler can be improved by adding 5% of volcanic rock, and the adsorption capacity of the filler can be improved by adding 5% of iron oxide; this application has used the iron to modify the river sand of optimization for the first time in biological detention pond to improve biological detention pond and to rainwater runoff pollutant removal rate.
2. According to the bioretention pond disclosed by the invention, through simulating the change of environmental factors such as different dry periods, rainfall intensity and the like, under the condition of ensuring good and similar permeation rates, the experimental group (the bioretention pond added with 5% of iron modified river sand in the packing layer) disclosed by the invention is found to be capable of effectively relieving the negative effects brought by the conditions such as the dry periods and rainfall compared with the control group (the bioretention pond not added with the iron modified river sand in the packing layer), and has more obvious advantages in the aspects of removing ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP, COD and the like.
3. The river sand modified by iron in the mode is relatively loose in structure, and a plurality of irregular polyhedrons are attached to the surface, so that the river sand with high porosity and irregular polyhedrons has more adsorption points than the original river sand, and is more favorable for adsorbing pollutants in rainwater runoff; meanwhile, iron ions are used as good Lewis acid and are easy to form metal-ligand complex with phosphate, so that the biological retention system of the iron modified river sand is added, and the removal of phosphorus in the rainwater runoff is more obvious.
4. The utility model provides a screening of concrete structure and filler medium performance in biological detention pond, can obtain the best performance of detention pond structure and filler medium through simulation flow, thereby for the best scheme of the application of real scene provides more suitable and efficiency, effectively improve the efficiency of real application scene, reduce the wasting of resources and the construction is extravagant, the rational biological structure composition in detention pond of adjustment that also is more nimble and the replacement screening of filler medium performance, the pollutant in the rainwater runoff that obtains the most ideal carries out effective interception filtration, absorption of adsorption and degradation prosthetic biological detention pond's structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a bioretention pond according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the bioretention tank of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the drain opening of the bioretention tank of the present invention.
As shown in the attached drawings: 1. the bioretention pond comprises a bioretention pond body, 2, an overflow layer, 2.1, an overflow pipe, 2.2, a first controllable ball valve, 2.3 overflow ports, 3, a covering layer, 4, a packing layer, 5, a transition layer, 6, a drainage layer, 6.1, a drainage pipe, 6.2, a second controllable ball valve, 6.3 a drainage port, 6.4, small holes, 7, water permeable geotextile and 8.PE light shielding films.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the bioretention pond and the device for optimizing the performance of the packing medium thereof suitable for coastal sponge cities of the invention comprise a bioretention pond body 1, wherein the bioretention pond body is sequentially composed of an overflow layer 2, a covering layer 3, a packing layer 4, a transition layer 5 and a drainage layer 6 from top to bottom, an overflow layer 2 is arranged above the covering layer 3, the overflow layer 2 is connected with an overflow pipe 2.1, and when the rainfall is overlarge, the stored water of the overflow layer directly flows into the overflow well through the overflow pipe 2.1; the packing layer 4 consists of local loam, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock in a coastal sponge city (such as Ningbo), wherein the mass percentages of the river sand, the loam, the rice husk charcoal, the iron modified river sand and the volcanic rock are 55 percent, 30 percent, 5 percent and 5 percent;
a permeable geotextile 7 is laid between the covering layer 3 and the packing layer 4, a permeable geotextile 7 is laid between the packing layer 4 and the transition layer 5, and a permeable geotextile 7 is laid between the transition layer 5 and the drainage layer 6; the bottom of the drainage layer 6 is provided with a drainage pipe 6.1; the periphery of the drain pipe 6.1 is wrapped with a permeable geotextile 7; the PE shading film 8 is wound on the outer wall of the biological retention pond body 1.
The thickness of the covering layer is 50mm, the covering layer is formed by paving gravel with the particle size of 15-20 mm, a water overflow layer is arranged above the covering layer, the thickness of the water overflow layer is 100mm, the upper end of the covering layer is connected with an overflow pipe 2.1, the overflow pipe 2.1 is provided with a first controllable ball valve 2.2, when the rainfall is overlarge, the ball valve is opened, and water stored in the covering layer, which is higher than the overflow layer, directly flows out from an overflow port 2.2.
The thickness of the filler layer in the embodiment is 400-600mm, and the filler layer is composed of loam, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron-modified river sand and volcanic rock. The mass percentages of the river sand, the loam, the rice husk carbon, the iron modified river sand and the volcanic rock are 55 percent, 30 percent, 5 percent and 5 percent, and the materials are evenly mixed. The grain sizes are respectively 0-0.075mm, 0.6-0.9mm, 0-10mm, 0.5-1.0mm and 3.0-6.0mm.
The thickness of the transition layer in the embodiment is 50mm, and the transition layer is formed by paving river sand with the grain size of 10-20 mm.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the thickness of the drainage layer in this embodiment is 300mm, the drainage layer is formed by paving 30-35mm gravels, a drainage pipe 6.1 is arranged at the bottom of the drainage layer, the drainage pipe comprises a second controllable ball valve 6.2, a drainage outlet 6.3 is arranged at the other end of the second controllable ball valve, a left row of small holes 6.4 and a right row of small holes 6.4 are arranged in the upward 45-degree direction of a pipe center of the drainage pipe, the diameter of each small hole is 5mm, and the hole distance is 20mm. The periphery of the drain pipe is wrapped with the permeable geotextile to prevent silt from entering the drain pipe to block the drain pipe, the bottom of the drain layer is shown in a large scale in figure 2, and the opening of the drain pipe is shown in a large scale in figure 3.
Experimental methods
S1: a leaching stage: according to the experimental design, cleaning and screening the medium of each structural layer of the biological retention tank, and filling the medium into each structural layer. And leaching the filled bioretention pond, uniformly conveying tap water into the bioretention pond according to the flow rate of 3L/h by adopting a peristaltic pump, ensuring that each device can intake water for 6 hours every day, further cleaning the filler medium, reducing the influence of the background value of the medium on interception and adsorption of rainwater runoff pollutants, and leaching for 2 weeks until the quality of effluent of the device is stable, so that a test can be carried out.
S2: preparing simulated rainwater: based on the conventional pollutant value of a certain stage of rain, the embodiment can select: COD was 112mg/L, TN was 6.2mg/L and TP0.68mg/L, COD values were calculated as glucose, TN was calculated as potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride, and TP values were calculated as potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Sequentially dissolving glucose, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into pure water, stirring and dissolving to be uniform, and placing into a simulated rainwater water tank to stir at a constant speed by using an electric stirrer.
S3: rainfall: semi-manual preparation of laboratory rainfall was used. The experiment adopts a method for monitoring rainfall simulation runoff yield of a packed column. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining theoretical inflow rate of a packing column under a given area load rate (the proportion of an impermeable catchment area born by the packing column to the area of the packing column) and a rainfall standard condition, then controlling the total experimental inflow amount and the inflow speed according to the amount, adopting a peristaltic pump to feed water, and arranging a spray header above the packing column so as to realize uniform inflow and supply rainwater by adopting a laboratory configuration. The catchment area ratio is 10. The rainfall recovery period was 0.1a,1a, and 10a, respectively. The rainfall is taken for 24 hours. The rainstorm intensity is calculated according to a new storm intensity formula of the main city area of Ningbo city:
the design flow of rainwater is calculated according to the following formula:
the total designed runoff amount of rainwater is calculated according to the following formula:
W＝Qt/60
in the above formula, q is the design rainstorm intensity, L.s -1 ·hm -2 T is rainfall duration, min; p is the design recurrence period, a; q is the designed flow rate of rainwater, L.h -1 ；
The runoff coefficient is selected from the runoff coefficient of the asphalt pavement>
F is the equivalent catchment area, m 2 (ii) a W is the total runoff amount of rainwater design, L.
The rainstorm intensity and the total rainwater design runoff amount and the rainwater design flow rate which are born by the filler columns in different reappearance periods are obtained by using the formula, and the related data results are shown in a table 1:
table 1 this experimental design rain gauge
S4: and (3) a test stage: the control rainfall of the peristaltic pump is adjusted to design a rainfall value for an experiment, an overflow pipe ball valve is opened to control the height of an overflow layer, and 11 rains are simulated, so that the conditions of different rainfall intensities and the multi-factor changes of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and the like in a dry period are met.
S5: sampling and storing: and starting the peristaltic pump, timing when the time when the rainwater flows out from the water outlet is 0, and collecting the water sample at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120min respectively. An experimental group (a biological retention pool added with 5% of iron modified river sand in a filler layer) and a control group (a biological retention pool not added with iron modified river sand in the filler layer) are arranged, 2 control groups are arranged, and each group is provided with more than 3 same devices. And (3) containing the collected water sample by using a polyethylene plastic bottle, putting the polyethylene plastic bottle into a refrigerator with the temperature of 4 ℃ for refrigeration and preservation, and detecting within 24h.
Results of the experiment
Control group:
when the dry period is 3 days and the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 55.42-60.13%, the removal rate of TN is 20.07-25.46%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 65.43-70.62%, and the removal rate of COD is 21.57-25.92%; when the rainfall recurrence period is 10a, the removal rate of TP is 57.95-60.67%, the removal rate of TN is 13.2-16.8%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 90.20-95.30%, and the removal rate of COD is 18.16-20.47%.
When the dry period is 7 days and the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 85.34-89.63%, the removal rate of TN is 68.05-72.25%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 90.70-92.03%, and the removal rate of COD is 95.78-98.73%; when the rainfall recurrence period is 1a, the removal rate of TP is 62.05-68.11%, the removal rate of TN is 16.59-27.63%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 75.32-79.94%, and the removal rate of COD is 70.37-76.63%.
When the dry period is 14 days and the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 55.89-60.49%, the removal rate of TN is 7.59-15.32%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 83.43-88.97%, and the removal rate of COD is 94.42-97.63%; when the rainfall recurrence period is 1a, the removal rate of TP is 12.67-16.54%, the removal rate of TN is 10.62-12.86%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 52.41-56.20%, and the removal rate of COD is 63.20-66.49%.
Experimental groups:
when the dry period is 3 days, the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 68.49-75.53%, the removal rate of TN is 27.64-30.52%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 78.92-80.43%, the removal rate of COD is 28.73-32.83%, when the rainfall recurrence period is 10a, the removal rate of TP is 40.52-45.90%, the removal rate of TN is 30.58-34.67%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 94.35-96.18%, and the removal rate of COD is 28.90-34.69%.
When the dry period is 7 days and the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 90.52-92.18%, the removal rate of TN is 83.80-92.36%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 93.42-94.05%, and the removal rate of COD is 98.12-100%; when the rainfall recurrence period is 1a, the removal rate of TP is 72.77-75.43%, the removal rate of TN is 49.57-67.36%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 86.91-90.07%, and the removal rate of COD is 82.24-91.57%.
When the dry period is 14 days and the rainfall recurrence period is 0.1a, the removal rate of TP is 74.17-81.47%, the removal rate of TN is 25.74-32.08%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 90.55-92.17%, and the removal rate of COD is 96.97-100%; when the rainfall recurrence period is 1a, the removal rate of TP is 20.13-25.68%, the removal rate of TN is 7.46-10.53%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 62.15-65.48%, and the removal rate of COD is 81.60-85.56%.
The permeation rates of the control and experimental groups were 4.62X 10, respectively, during the experiment -5 m/s、3.88×10 -5 m/s, therefore, under similar permeation rates, the novel bioretention pond containing the iron modified river sand in the filler medium has more obvious advantages and effects in the aspects of pollutant interception, filtration, adsorption, degradation, restoration and the like in rainfall runoff under the multi-factor changes of different rainfall intensities, different drying periods and the like compared with a common bioretention pond added with common river sand.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a biological detention pond and device that filler medium performance was optimized suitable for coastal sponge city which characterized in that: the device comprises a biological detention pond body, wherein the biological detention pond body sequentially comprises an overflow layer, a covering layer, a packing layer, a transition layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom, the overflow layer is arranged above the covering layer and is connected with an overflow pipe, and when the rainfall is overlarge, the stored water of the overflow layer directly flows to an overflow well through the overflow pipe; the packing layer is composed of local loam in a coastal sponge city, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock;
a water permeable fabric is laid between the covering layer and the packing layer, a water permeable fabric is laid between the packing layer and the transition layer, and a water permeable fabric is laid between the transition layer and the drainage layer; the bottom of the drainage layer is provided with a drainage pipe; the periphery of the drain pipe is wrapped with permeable geotextile; the outer wall of the biological detention pond body is wound with a PE shading film;
the mass percentages of the river sand, loam, rice husk charcoal, iron modified river sand and volcanic rock are 55 percent, 30 percent, 5 percent and 5 percent;
the specific preparation method of the iron modified river sand comprises the following steps: mixing river sand with FeCl with the concentration of 2.5mol/L 3 Uniformly mixing the solution, and heating and drying at 100-120 ℃; burning the dried modified river sand at 480-580 ℃ for 2-4h; cooling to room temperature, centrifugally washing with deionized water for several times, and heating and drying at 100-120 deg.C; then adding Fe (NO) with the concentration of 2.1mol/L into the dried modified river sand 3 ) 3 Mixing with NaOH solution with the concentration of 10mol/L, uniformly heating to 100-120 ℃, and drying for 12-15h; and screening the dried modified river sand by using a screen with the aperture of 0.5mm to remove fine iron oxide particles, centrifugally washing the sand for a plurality of times by using deionized water, heating the sand to 100-120 ℃ and drying the sand, wherein the dried modified river sand is the iron modified river sand.
2. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the filling medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the pipe center of the drainage pipe is upwards provided with a left row of small holes and a right row of small holes in the 45-degree direction, the diameter of each small hole is 5mm, and the hole distance is 20mm.
3. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the packing medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the overflow layer is 100mm, the upper end of the overflow layer is connected with an overflow pipe, and when the rainfall is overlarge, the stored water of the overflow layer directly flows to the overflow well through the overflow pipe.
4. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the packing medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the covering layer is 50mm, and the covering layer is formed by paving gravels with the grain size of 15-20 mm; the thickness of the filler layer is 400-600mm, and the filler layer is composed of loam, river sand, rice husk charcoal, iron-modified river sand and volcanic rock.
5. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the packing medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the transition layer is 50-100mm, and the transition layer is paved by river sand with the grain diameter of 10-20 mm.
6. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the filling medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the thickness of the drainage layer is 300mm, and the drainage layer is formed by paving 30-35mm of gravel.
7. The device for optimizing the performance of the bioretention pond and the filling medium thereof for the coastal sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the facility area of the biological detention pond is 10 percent of the catchment area.
8. A method for optimizing the properties of a packing medium using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps: the biological detention pond is applied under the simulated natural rainfall and rainwater runoff in a laboratory to optimize the performance of the filler medium, so that pollutants in the rainwater runoff are effectively intercepted, filtered, adsorbed, absorbed, degraded and repaired.
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| CN202219115U (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-05-16 | 广东工业大学 | Iron oxide modified quartz sand filter material |
| CN105803892A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 南京林业大学 | Method capable of being used for rain water seepage-filtering, collection and storage and purification in sponge city |
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| CN106698813A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Functional rainwater garden applicable to sponge community |
| CN110316820A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of biological delaying basin of synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing |
| CN112982609B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-04-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method for selecting application mode of salt-isolated rainwater garden structure |
| CN110642338A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-03 | 深圳杜尔环境科技有限公司 | Sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler and preparation method thereof |
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