CN104891663A - Biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing system - Google Patents
Biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104891663A CN104891663A CN201510315982.8A CN201510315982A CN104891663A CN 104891663 A CN104891663 A CN 104891663A CN 201510315982 A CN201510315982 A CN 201510315982A CN 104891663 A CN104891663 A CN 104891663A
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001672212 Cenchrus purpureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000993059 Homo sapiens Hereditary hemochromatosis protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing system which comprises a water intake apparatus, a biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone, a first overflow apparatus and a second overflow apparatus, wherein the water intake apparatus is used for collecting surface flow; the biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone is used for improving the permeability and the purification function of landscape green land soil to ensure permeation and purification of the surface flow; the first overflow apparatus is used for guiding and discharging surface flow beyond the flow interception capability of the biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone through a first water discharge pipe; the second overflow apparatus is used for overflowing surface flow beyond the flow interception capability of the biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone and the overflow capability of first overflow apparatus through a second water discharge pipe. Therefore, reformed urban landscape green land soil is utilized for surface flow management in the biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone, the permeation and the transpiration of the surface flow are improved, and the pollution caused by the surface flow is relieved when less surface flow is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of urban surface runoff pollution control, and particularly relates to a biological infiltration-promoting flow-reducing system.
Background
Urban surface runoff pollution has caused severe water environment deterioration and water ecological crisis in many places around the world. With the acceleration of the urbanization process of China, the enlargement of the scale of urban areas, the change of land utilization/coverage and the appearance of a large amount of impermeable earth surfaces, the hydrological process of the areas is obviously changed, and the pollution of surface runoff on a water body is also caused while the surface runoff is increased.
Urban surface runoff contains suspended particulate matters, nutritive salts, heavy metals and toxic organic pollutants which are originated from various artificial activities, and is one of important transmission ways of non-point-source pollutants into a receiving water body. Among them, building roofs, roads and parking lots are the main impervious earth surfaces in urban areas, and are the main source areas for urban surface runoff pollution. At present, the rainwater runoff management of the urban surface mainly takes a drainage pipe network which can quickly drain and discharge as a main part, but the rainwater is easily produced, and pollutants carried by rainwater runoff can negatively influence the water quality of a receiving water body.
Based on the situation, a novel method for managing urban surface runoff is urgently needed at present, infiltration of rainwater runoff is increased, and pollution of the surface runoff is reduced while the surface runoff is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing system which is used for solving the problems that urban surface runoff cannot be effectively reduced and pollution of the surface runoff on a receiving water body is reduced in the prior art.
The invention provides a bio-permeation-promoting and flow-reducing system, which comprises:
a water intake device for collecting surface run-off;
the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area is used for improving the infiltration performance and the purification function of landscape green land soil, and permeating and purifying the surface runoff;
a first overflow means for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the flow closure capability of the bio-infiltration promoting relief zone through a first drain conduit;
a second overflow arrangement for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the shut-off capability of the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow zone and the first overflow arrangement through a second drain.
In the above embodiment, the bio-permeation enhancing and flow reducing region comprises:
a stagnant layer for providing temporary storage stagnant space for the surface runoff to settle particulate pollutants in the surface runoff;
a plant layer for transpirating the surface runoff to intercept the particulate contaminants therein;
the substrate layer is used for providing an environment required by the growth of the plant layer;
the filter layer is used for permeating the surface runoff, adsorbing and filtering pollutants in the surface runoff and preventing particles of the substrate layer from migrating downwards;
and the water storage and drainage layer is used for temporarily storing the surface runoff infiltrated by the filter layer and prolonging the time of the surface runoff infiltrating to the deep soil.
In the scheme, the height of the water retaining layer is 15-30 cm.
In the scheme, the infiltration capacity of the matrix layer is at least 50 mm/h.
In the scheme, the height of the substrate layer is 25-45 cm.
In the above scheme, the material of the substrate layer comprises: organic matter.
In the above scheme, the organic matter accounts for the following weight percentages in the matrix layer: 3 to 5 percent.
In the scheme, the depth of the filter layer is 10-20 cm.
In the above solution, the system further includes: a drain pipe is provided with a hole, wherein,
the perforated drainage pipe is arranged in the water storage and drainage layer and is used for draining the surface runoff which cannot penetrate into deep soil.
In the above scheme, the method for determining the area of the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing area comprises the following steps:
using formula Af＝V×df/[k×(hf+df)×tf]Determining the area of the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing area; wherein V is a preset total surface runoff amount, and AfFor the area of the zone of reduced bio-permeation, dfIs the thickness of the matrix layer, K is the permeability coefficient of the matrix layer, hfFor depth of water retention, tfIs a preset residence time.
The invention provides a bio-permeation-promoting and flow-reducing system, which comprises: a water intake device for collecting surface run-off; the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area is used for improving the infiltration performance and the purification function of landscape green land soil, and permeating and purifying the surface runoff; a first overflow means for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the flow closure capability of the bio-infiltration promoting relief zone through a first drain conduit; a second overflow arrangement for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the shut-off capability of the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow zone and the first overflow arrangement through a second drain. Therefore, the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area manages the surface runoff by utilizing the transformed urban landscape green land soil, the infiltration and transpiration of the surface runoff are increased, and the pollution caused by the surface runoff is reduced while the generation of the surface runoff is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a bio-osmotic flow reduction system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a bio-osmotic flow reduction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to effectively reduce the generation of urban surface runoff and reduce the pollution of the surface runoff on a receiving water body, the invention provides a biological infiltration-promoting flow-reducing system, which comprises: a water intake device for collecting surface run-off; the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area is used for improving the infiltration performance and the purification function of landscape green land soil, and permeating and purifying the surface runoff; a first overflow means for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the flow closure capability of the bio-infiltration promoting relief zone through a first drain conduit; a second overflow arrangement for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the shut-off capability of the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow zone and the first overflow arrangement through a second drain.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The present embodiment provides a bio-osmotic reduced flow system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing device comprises a water inlet device 1, a biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2, a first overflow device 3, a first drain pipe 4, a second overflow device 5 and a second drain pipe 6; wherein,
the water inlet device 1 may specifically include: and surface runoff is collected through channels near impervious surface of urban roads, parking lots and the like, and is discharged into the biological infiltration promotion flow reduction area 2 in a dispersed and laminar flow manner. In addition, if the source of surface runoff is roof rainwater, the water intake device 1 may further include: and the surface runoff is guided to the biological infiltration promotion and reduction area 2 through the water pipe. Broken stones or rock blocks are generally arranged at the inlet of the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area 2, so that the erosion and the scouring of surface runoff on the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area 2 are prevented.
The biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 is used for transforming landscape green land soil near an impervious surface, improving the infiltration performance and the purification function of the soil and purifying the surface runoff in the process of infiltrating the surface runoff.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow area 2 comprises: a water retaining layer 21, a plant layer 22, a substrate layer 23, a filter layer 24 and a water storage and drainage layer 25; wherein,
the stagnant layer 21 is used to provide temporary storage stagnant space for the surface runoff, settle particulate pollutants in the surface runoff and simultaneously evaporate part of the surface runoff. The height of the water retaining layer 21 is 15-30 cm, and the surface runoff needs to be completely permeated within 48-72 hours.
The plant layer 22 is used to transpire the surface runoff and to intercept the particulate contaminants in the surface runoff. Wherein, the plant layer 22 should be selected according to the principles of native species, developed root system, flooding resistance, drought resistance and strong landscape. The pennisetum purpureum is thicker in fibrous root, strong in growth property, strong in germination capacity, easy to cultivate, low in requirements for water and fertilizer, few in plant diseases and insect pests, upright in stem, clustered, 30-120 cm high, developed in root system, and capable of reaching the depth of 1.5-2 m for a plant growing for more than two years; has good soil-fixing and slope-protecting functions and higher ornamental value. Therefore, the preferred plant in the plant layer 22 is pennisetum purpureum.
The matrix layer 23 is used to provide the environment for the growth of the plant layer 22 and is provided with sufficient capacity to shut off the infiltration of surface flow so that the plant layer 22 can better remove contaminants from the surface flow. Generally, the matrix layer 23 is sandy loam or loamy sandy soil, and can be formed by mixing river sand with local planting soil; the material of the substrate layer 23 includes: organic matter; the organic matter accounts for the following weight percentages in the matrix layer 23: 3% -5%; the infiltration capacity of the matrix layer 23 is at least 50mm/h, and the height is 25-45 cm.
In this case, high Fe and Al materials and zeolite can be added into the matrix layer 23 to improve the adsorption capacity of the matrix layer 23 to phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen in surface runoff.
The filter layer 24 is used for continuously permeating the surface runoff and adsorbing pollutants in the filtered surface runoff to prevent particles of the matrix layer 23 from migrating downwards. Wherein, the filtering layer 24 is usually made of river sand, and the depth is 10-20 cm.
The water storage and drainage layer 25 is used for temporarily storing the surface runoff infiltrated into the filter layer 24 and prolonging the time of the surface runoff infiltrating into deep soil. The bottom of the water storage and drainage layer 25 is horizontal and generally comprises broken stones, and the diameters of the broken stones are 20-40 mm. The height of the water storage and drainage layer 25 is 30-60 mm.
Meanwhile, the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing area 2 further comprises: an apertured drain pipe 26; the perforated drainage pipe 26 is provided in the water storage and drainage layer 25 for discharging the surface runoff which is not ready to penetrate deep soil to a municipal pipe network. Wherein, whether the perforated drain pipe 26 is installed on the water storage and drainage layer 25 can be determined according to the saturation, water conductivity and hydrology of the soil under the water storage and drainage layer 25.
Further, the first overflow device 3 is used for guiding and discharging surface runoff remained in the bio-infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 through a first drainage pipe 4; specifically, when high-intensity rainfall occurs or the capacity of the biological infiltration promotion and reduction flow area 2 for retaining the surface runoff volume is exceeded, the surface runoff can directly overflow through the first overflow device 3 and is discharged to a municipal pipe network through the first water discharge pipe 4.
The second overflow device 5 is used for guiding and discharging surface runoff remained in the bio-infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 through a second water discharge pipe 6. Specifically, when high-intensity rainfall occurs or the capacity of the bio-permeation promoting and reducing area 2 and the first overflow device 3 for retaining the surface runoff volume is exceeded, the surface runoff can directly overflow to the drainage channel 7 through the second overflow device 5 and be discharged to a municipal pipe network through the second drainage pipe 6. Wherein the first overflow device 3 and the second overflow device 5 may include: a rain grate.
In practical application, the bio-permeation-promoting and flow-reducing system should be arranged around the water-impermeable ground surface by using the green land of the urban landscape and dispersing nearby. The area of the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 is determined according to the impervious surface area and the rainfall of the area. The area of the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 is miniaturized, is preferably dozens to hundreds of square meters, and is generally set to be 5 to 10 percent of the impervious surface area.
Specifically, the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing zone 2 may or may not include a water storage and drainage layer 25;
when the bio-permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone 2 includes the water storage and drainage layer 25, the area determination method of the bio-permeation enhancing and flow reducing zone 2 includes:
determination of the area A of the zone 2 of bio-pro-osmotic reduction using equation (1)f；
Af＝V×df/[k×(hf+df)×tf] (1)
Wherein, in the formula (1), V is a preset total surface runoff amount, and dfIs the thickness of the matrix layer 23, K is the permeability coefficient of the matrix layer 23, hfThe depth of the stagnant water in the biological infiltration-promoting flow-reducing zone 2 is tfIs a preset residence time.
Further, when the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing zone 2 does not include the water storage and drainage layer 25, the area determination method of the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing zone 2 includes:
determination of the area A of the zone 2 of bio-pro-osmotic reduction using equation (2)f；
Af＝V×df/[i×(hf+df)×tf] (2)
Wherein, in the formula (2), the i is the infiltration rate of the landscape green land deep soil.
In addition, the flow rate Q of the surface runoff can be determined by using the formula (3) so as to better determine the drainage capacity of the bio-infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2;
wherein, in the formula (3), theAnd F is the area of the impervious surface, wherein q is the preset rainfall intensity.
Here, the width of the bottom of the bio-permeation promoting and reduction flow region 2 may be 600mm at the minimum, and is preferably 3000 mm; the length-width ratio of the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 is 2:1, and the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area can be properly adjusted according to site conditions.
The bottom of the biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing area 2 is smooth, the longitudinal gradient is 1-2%, whether a dry branch and fallen leaf layer of about 50mm is paved on the substrate layer 23 can be determined according to the requirement of effluent water quality, so that soil erosion caused by surface runoff is prevented, and soil infiltration is maintained.
The biological infiltration promoting and flow reducing system provided by the invention is used for transforming the existing green land of a city and increasing infiltration and transpiration of surface runoff of the city, thereby reducing the surface runoff of the city; the substrate, the plant and the microorganism are used for absorbing, degrading and assimilating pollutants in the urban surface runoff under the synergistic action, so that the effect of improving the quality of the urban surface runoff is achieved, and the method can be widely applied to the management of urban districts, parking lots and road surface runoff.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bio-osmotic reduced flow system, comprising:
a water intake device for collecting surface run-off;
the biological permeation-promoting and flow-reducing area is used for improving the infiltration performance and the purification function of landscape green land soil, and permeating and purifying the surface runoff;
a first overflow means for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the flow closure capability of the bio-infiltration promoting relief zone through a first drain conduit;
a second overflow arrangement for directing drainage of surface runoff exceeding the shut-off capability of the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow zone and the first overflow arrangement through a second drain.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the bio-pro-osmotic reduced flow zone comprises:
a stagnant layer for providing temporary storage stagnant space for the surface runoff to settle particulate pollutants in the surface runoff;
a plant layer for transpirating the surface runoff to intercept the particulate contaminants therein;
the substrate layer is used for providing an environment required by the growth of the plant layer;
the filter layer is used for permeating the surface runoff, adsorbing and filtering pollutants in the surface runoff and preventing particles of the substrate layer from migrating downwards;
and the water storage and drainage layer is used for temporarily storing the surface runoff infiltrated by the filter layer and prolonging the time of the surface runoff infiltrating to the deep soil.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the height of the stagnant water layer is 15-30 cm.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein said matrix layer has a infiltration capacity of at least 50 mm/h.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the height of the substrate layer is 25-45 cm.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the material of the substrate layer comprises: organic matter.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the organic matter in the matrix layer comprises, by weight: 3 to 5 percent.
8. The system of claim 2, wherein the filter layer has a depth of 10 to 20 cm.
9. The system of claim 2, wherein the system further comprises: a drain pipe is provided with a hole, wherein,
the perforated drainage pipe is arranged in the water storage and drainage layer and is used for draining the surface runoff which cannot penetrate into deep soil.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the method for determining the area of the zone of bio-pro-osmotic reduction comprises:
using formula Af＝V×df/[k×(hf+df)×tf]Determining the area of the bio-permeation promoting and flow reducing area; wherein V is a preset total surface runoff amount, and AfFor the area of the zone of reduced bio-permeation, dfIs the thickness of the matrix layer, K is the permeability coefficient of the matrix layer, hfFor depth of water retention, tfIs a preset residence time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510315982.8A CN104891663A (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2015-06-10 | Biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing system |
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| CN201510315982.8A CN104891663A (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2015-06-10 | Biological permeation enhancing and flow reducing system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106906888A (en) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-06-30 | 苏州中海建筑设计有限公司 | A kind of residential quarter sponge urban facilities system |
| CN107620364A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-23 | 誊录企业有限公司 | The anti-fluid contamination structure of road |
| CN109052651A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of multi-functional low biological gaseous-waste holdup system of influence exploitation |
-
2015
- 2015-06-10 CN CN201510315982.8A patent/CN104891663A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107620364A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-23 | 誊录企业有限公司 | The anti-fluid contamination structure of road |
| CN106906888A (en) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-06-30 | 苏州中海建筑设计有限公司 | A kind of residential quarter sponge urban facilities system |
| CN109052651A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of multi-functional low biological gaseous-waste holdup system of influence exploitation |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |