CN113213892B - Method for preparing sintered brick from aluminum ash - Google Patents
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- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a sintered brick from aluminum ash final ash, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection. The method comprises the steps of mixing aluminum ash final ash, engineering soil and coal gangue to obtain a brick making raw material, then mixing the brick making raw material with a nitrogen removal additive, adding water, stirring uniformly, aging, taking out the aged raw material, putting the aged raw material into a mold, pressing and forming to obtain a green brick, and roasting to obtain the sintered brick. On one hand, the invention simplifies the preparation process of the common baked brick and can meet the same strength requirement, and on the other hand, the invention takes the aluminum ash as the raw material of the baked brick and is supplemented with engineering soil and coal gangue, thereby comprehensively utilizing industrial wastes and capital construction wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a sintered brick from aluminum ash final ash.
Background
According to related technology statistics, about 30-250 kg of aluminous ash is generated in 1 ton of aluminum in the whole production link, while 1-11 months in 2020, the yield of the Chinese raw aluminum is 3415 ten thousand tons, which is increased by 4.27% compared with the same period in the last year and accounts for more than 50% of the global yield of the raw aluminum. According to incomplete statistics, the quantity of the aluminum ash residues stockpiled in China currently exceeds 1 hundred million tons, and more than 500 million tons of aluminum ash residues are expected to be increased every year. The aluminum ash not only pollutes air and affects water source quality, but also damages soil and damages cultivation to a certain extent. Therefore, a reasonable aluminum ash harmless and resource utilization road is urgently needed to be developed.
The traditional baked brick has the defects of non-negligible use of raw materials. The state has already come out of the policy of limited adhesion, the solid clay brick has no market competitive advantage, and a substance needs to be searched as a substitute of clay. The final aluminum ash contains Al 2 O 3 And a small amount of SiO 2 Only need to supplement SiO 2 The sintered brick can be made. The baked brick can be applied to various fields such as a pedestrian crossing, a park corridor, a house decoration material and the like.
At present, from the formulation for preparing the baked brick, the formulation of the traditional baked brick is mostly changed, and solid waste substances similar to iron tailings, coal gangue, shale, fly ash, river beach sludge and the like are added, so that the aim of protecting the environment is achieved, and the performance of the brick body is optimized to different degrees; the preparation method of the baked brick mainly comprises the steps of crushing raw materials, mixing the raw materials, adding water, stirring, aging, centralized drying, vacuum extrusion, sintering and forming, cooling and the like.
Patent ZL201110332687.5 proposes a method for making bricks, which comprises mixing coal gangue, slag, shale, fly ash and clay uniformly, and then preparing according to the above mentioned steps. The patent uses various solid waste raw materials to prepare the baked brick, thereby increasing the complexity of the brick making process, and uses clay as the raw material, which can aggravate the degree of environmental destruction. In addition, the large-scale utilization of the baked bricks is virtually limited due to the large amount of raw material components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a baked brick from aluminum ash and finished ash, which takes the aluminum ash and engineering soil as substitutes of clay in the baked brick.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a baked brick from aluminum ash and final ash comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing 20-60% of final aluminum ash, 25-65% of engineering soil and 10-18% of coal gangue by mass percent to obtain a brick making raw material;
step 2, mixing the brick making raw material and the nitrogen removal additive, adding 10-20 wt.% of water, uniformly stirring, and aging;
step 3, taking out the aged raw materials, and putting the raw materials into a mold for compression molding to obtain a green brick;
and 4, placing the green brick for 24 hours, roasting at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat of each temperature gradient for 20 minutes, keeping the final roasting temperature at 800-900 ℃, preserving the heat for 1-3 hours, and cooling to obtain the sintered brick.
Further, the nitrogen removal additive is selected from sodium carbonate, calcium oxide, sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate.
Further, the mass ratio of the brick making raw material to the nitrogen-removing additive in the step 2 is 1.
Further, the pressing pressure in the step 3 is 10-14MPa.
The raw materials only comprise the brick making raw materials and the nitrogen removal additive, and after the raw materials are mixed, the raw materials are easily mixed uniformly, and moisture is uniformly diffused into the raw materials. Experiments show that whether the moisture is uniformly diffused into the raw materials has obvious influence on the comprehensive mechanical property of the baked brick. On the premise of ensuring that the strength of a green brick is not changed, the goals of simplicity, environmental protection and energy conservation are realized by simplifying the brick making process, adding industrial wastes and capital construction wastes and reducing energy consumption by utilizing internal combustion of coal gangue.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention adds the final aluminum ash as the raw material of the baked brick into the process of manufacturing the baked brick, changes the current situation of stacking and burying the aluminum ash at present, and simultaneously uses the engineering soil and the coal gangue as the raw materials of the brick making, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of much waste.
2. The brick making method of creatively using the brick making raw material and the nitrogen removal additive in a composite way is adopted, and the nitrogen removal additive is added to accelerate the oxidation of AlN on the premise of not influencing the strength of a green brick.
3. Experiments show that AlN in the aluminum ash is changed into alumina in the roasting process, the alumina is an effective component of the baked brick, and the resource utilization of the aluminum ash is realized and the aluminum ash is subjected to harmless treatment in the process of preparing the baked brick.
On one hand, the invention simplifies the preparation process of the common baked brick and can meet the same strength requirement, and on the other hand, the invention takes the final aluminum ash as the raw material of the baked brick and is supplemented with engineering soil and coal gangue, thereby comprehensively utilizing industrial wastes and capital construction wastes. In addition, alN in the final aluminum ash is changed into aluminum oxide in the roasting process, and the aluminum oxide can be combined with silicon oxide, so that the mechanical strength of the green brick is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. Modifications or substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The experimental methods and reagents of the formulations not specified in the examples are in accordance with the conventional conditions in the art.
The invention provides a simple, environment-friendly and energy-saving baking scheme for baked bricks. The main brick making steps comprise material proportioning, compression molding and sintering.
(1) Aluminum ash final ash, engineering soil and coal gangue are selected as main raw materials for brick making, wherein the aluminum ash final ash contains Al 2 O 3 And Al 2 O 3 Is the main part of the baked brickOne of the components, so that the aluminum ash can be used as a brick making raw material, and the final ash content of the aluminum ash is 20-60%; the chemical components of the engineering soil are mainly silicon oxide, the sintering performance of the brick body can be improved, and the content of the engineering soil is 25% -65%; the coal gangue is added, the characteristic of spontaneous combustion at a certain temperature is mainly utilized, the energy consumption can be reduced through spontaneous combustion, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, wherein the content of the coal gangue is 10% -18%, and the addition amount of the coal gangue is regulated and controlled by the heat value of a final aged material. And AlN in the final aluminum ash is oxidized into Al under the high-temperature roasting condition 2 O 3 And Al is 2 O 3 Is an effective component of the baked brick.
(2) Although AlN is oxidized to Al when the aluminum ash is baked at a high temperature 2 O 3 And other nitrogen oxides, but Al in which a part of AlN is densified 2 O 3 And the film is wrapped and is difficult to oxidize. Therefore, nitrogen removal substances are added to accelerate the AlN reaction in the aluminum ash while ensuring that the strength of the green brick is not affected. The added substance may be sodium carbonate, calcium oxide, sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate. It is noted that, for the sintered brick, the content of calcium in the green brick should not be too high, which would result in cracking during the sintering process and seriously affect the mechanical strength of the green brick. In addition, the sodium carbonate is added mainly because in a high-temperature state, the sodium carbonate can erode the alumina, so that the AlN is more exposed, and in the high-temperature state, the sodium carbonate and the alumina can form a coexisting alumina liquid phase to be filled among various tissues, so that the compactness of the green brick is enhanced. It has been found through experimentation that the use of a nitrogen scavenging additive can accelerate the oxidation of AlN, but the amount is controlled within a reasonable range, for example, the amount of calcium should not exceed 5%.
(3) The brick making raw material and the nitrogen-removing additive are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1.03-0.10, 10% -20% of water is added, after uniform stirring, the mixture is placed into a container for aging for 3 days, and then the water is uniformly diffused into the raw material, namely the aging is complete.
(4) Taking out the aged raw materials, putting the raw materials into a mould according to a set formula, and pressing and forming the raw materials of the green bricks under the pressure of 10-14MPa by using a self-made mould, wherein the pressure can enable the raw materials of the green bricks to form a compact whole from loose particles, and when the pressure applied from the outside is higher, the contact among the particles is tighter, so that the compressive strength of the green bricks can be improved.
(5) And (3) placing the pressed samples for 24 hours, sequentially placing the samples into a box type program-controlled electric furnace, roasting at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat at each temperature gradient for 20min, setting the final roasting temperature to be 800-900 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1-3 hours. And (3) adopting a furnace cooling mode for the fired bricks according to the established process route, and taking out the bricks after the box type program-controlled electric furnace is cooled to room temperature.
(6) And (3) after the manufactured brick is placed for 2-4 days, performing performance detection, including fracture resistance, compression resistance, loss on ignition, shrinkage on ignition and water absorption.
The force loading speed of the compressive strength test is 2.4kN/s, the force loading speed of the flexural strength test is 0.05kN/s, and the compressive strength can meet the strength standard of MU15 in GB/T5101-2017 sintered common bricks.
Examples 1 to 3 the baked brick was prepared according to the above process, and the specific raw material formulation and the detection results were as follows:
from the above results, it was found that the quality of the baked bricks changed after baking, and the change in the quality of the baked bricks varied depending on the amount of the aluminum ash added, but the decrease in the quality was generally observed, and it was considered that AlN was oxidized.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing a baked brick from aluminum ash and final ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing 20-60% of final aluminum ash, 25-65% of engineering soil and 10-18% of coal gangue by mass percent to obtain a brick making raw material, wherein the sum of the final aluminum ash, the engineering soil and the coal gangue by mass percent is 100%;
step 2, mixing the brick making raw material and the nitrogen removal additive, wherein the mass ratio of the brick making raw material to the nitrogen removal additive is 1.03-0.10, adding 10-20 wt.% of water, uniformly stirring, and aging;
the nitrogen removal additive is selected from sodium carbonate, calcium oxide, sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate;
step 3, taking out the aged raw materials, putting the raw materials into a die, and pressing and forming the raw materials under the pressing pressure of 10-14MPa to obtain a green brick;
and 4, placing the green brick for 24 hours, roasting at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature of each temperature gradient for 20min, keeping the final roasting temperature at 800-900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h-3h, and cooling to obtain the sintered brick.
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| CN113979775B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-02-28 | 河南龙德福新材料科技研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing ceramsite proppant by using secondary aluminum ash |
| CN114085068A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-25 | 武汉大学(肇庆)资源与环境技术研究院 | Aluminum ash light brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN114014675A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-02-08 | 淄博天之润生态科技有限公司 | Refractory brick produced from aluminum ash and preparation process thereof |
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| CN103613695B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-10-21 | 天津科鉴基础工程检测有限公司 | The preparation method and application of a kind of low-carbon (LC) recyclable gel consolidation waste mud |
| CN106630939A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-10 | 河南同伟建材有限公司 | Light-weight porous floor tile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109678556B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-08-10 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing light high-aluminum insulating brick by using aluminum ash |
| CN111153637A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 兴化市永泰铝业有限公司 | Process for preparing baking-free brick from aluminum ash |
| CN111940460A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-17 | 南通大学 | Aluminum ash final ash low-temperature catalytic denitrification method |
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