CN113045279A - Autoclaved sand-lime brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclaved sand-lime brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113045279A CN113045279A CN202110217032.7A CN202110217032A CN113045279A CN 113045279 A CN113045279 A CN 113045279A CN 202110217032 A CN202110217032 A CN 202110217032A CN 113045279 A CN113045279 A CN 113045279A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The application discloses autoclaved sand-lime brick and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are added with high water absorption resin materials, so that the water absorption of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is increased, the brittleness of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is reduced, the high water absorption resin has high-temperature water absorption and low-temperature water removal performance and high pressure resistance, and the technical problems that the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick is unstable in shrinkage after being discharged from a furnace and is easy to crack are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an autoclaved sand-lime brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is a common sand-lime brick which is prepared by using sand and lime as main raw materials, allowing pigment and additives to be doped, preparing blanks, performing compression molding and performing high-pressure steam curing. The lime-sand brick is a novel building material with mature technology, excellent performance and energy conservation, and is suitable for bearing walls of multi-layer mixed structure buildings. However, the autoclaved sand-lime brick has the defects of unstable shrinkage, large shrinkage within 3 days of discharging, gradual stabilization until 60 days later, easy re-shrinkage due to different environmental temperatures and humidity, easy cracking and needing some anti-cracking measures when in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an autoclaved sand-lime brick and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of unstable shrinkage and easy cracking of the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick after discharge.
In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides an autoclaved sand-lime brick, which comprises the following raw materials by mass: 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
Optionally, the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick also comprises 5-10% of silica sol;
before the step (1), adding a proper amount of water into 5-10% of silica sol and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1h to obtain a stirred material;
in the step (1), 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and a stirring material are added with a proper amount of water and stirred into a uniform mixture.
Optionally, the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick also comprise 5-10% of aluminum powder;
in the step (1), 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash, 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles and 5-10% of aluminum powder are mixed, added with a proper amount of water and stirred into a uniform mixture.
Optionally, the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 5% of super absorbent resin particles.
Optionally, the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 10% of super absorbent resin particles.
Optionally, the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 45% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 15% of super absorbent resin particles.
Alternatively, the superabsorbent resin is a polyacrylamide.
Optionally, the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick also comprises a chemical bonding agent.
The second aspect of the application provides a preparation method of autoclaved sand-lime brick, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
Optionally, before step (1), further comprising:
adding a proper amount of water into 5-10% of silica sol and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1h to obtain a stirred material;
correspondingly, in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water into 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and the stirred material, and stirring to form a uniform mixture.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the application provides an evaporate and press sand lime brick, according to mass percent, evaporate and press sand lime brick's raw materials and include: 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
The application provides an evaporate and press sand lime brick, through increasing super absorbent resin, increases the hydroscopicity of evaporating and pressing sand lime brick and reduces the brittleness of evaporating and pressing sand lime brick. The super absorbent resin has the performance of high-temperature water absorption and low-temperature water removal, is high-pressure resistant, can enable the brick to have the moisture-proof performance, and can achieve the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer when being used for house buildings according to the performance. The super absorbent resin can be quickly gelled, the gelling speed of the product is accelerated, the curing time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Digestion is carried out before autoclaving, so that cracking in the autoclaving process is avoided. In addition, because the super absorbent resin has high water retention performance, the super absorbent resin is autoclaved at a constant temperature of 175-200 ℃, then the temperature is gradually reduced to 120 ℃ and 100 ℃, so that the water absorption capacity of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is saturated, and the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance, thereby solving the technical problems of unstable shrinkage and easy cracking of the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick after discharge.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first process of a method for manufacturing autoclaved sand-lime bricks provided in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing autoclaved sand-lime bricks provided in the examples of the present application;
fig. 3 is a third schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an autoclaved sand-lime brick provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
For easy understanding, please refer to fig. 1, the present application provides an embodiment of an autoclaved sand-lime brick, which comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
It should be noted that a small amount of chemical bonding agent can be added to the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick to improve the coagulability of the mixed raw materials. The chemical bonding agent, 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles are mixed with a proper amount of water and stirred into a uniform mixture, so that all raw materials are uniformly distributed, and the prepared autoclaved sand-lime brick has a stable and firm structure.
The mixture is pressed for 2min under the strength of 30MPa, so that the mixture is stable in structure and not easy to scatter before the next procedure, and is made into blocks which are convenient to build and can be made into corresponding blocks according to the type of requirements.
And 103, standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step 102 at room temperature for 1-2 h.
Digestion of stewing can let unnecessary moisture in the adobe evaporate partly at room temperature, and the preferred 1~2h of this embodiment can prevent on the one hand that the adobe from causing the adobe crackle because moisture is heated to expand in the intensification process, on the other hand can make adobe intensity increase to some extent owing to stewing to improve the product intensity.
And step 104, putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step 103 into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, then reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and then reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h.
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is autoclaved for 4-10 hours at the constant temperature of 175-200 ℃ to ensure that the formed autoclaved sand-lime brick has a firm and stable structure, the generation of hydrate in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is accelerated, the cleanliness and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are increased, and then the temperature is gradually reduced to ensure that the activity of super absorbent resin contained in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is improved to ensure that the autoclaved sand-lime brick achieves partial water absorption capacity and the super absorbent resin has strong water retention, so that the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance after being autoclaved and discharged from a furnace.
And 105, naturally curing for 25 days.
The natural curing aims to stabilize the internal structure of the autoclaved sand-lime brick and improve the strength.
The application provides an evaporate and press sand lime brick, through increasing super absorbent resin, increases the hydroscopicity of evaporating and pressing sand lime brick and reduces the brittleness of evaporating and pressing sand lime brick. The super absorbent resin has the performance of high-temperature water absorption and low-temperature water removal, is high-pressure resistant, can enable the brick to have the moisture-proof performance, and can achieve the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer when being used for house buildings according to the performance. The super absorbent resin can be quickly gelled, the gelling speed of the product is accelerated, the curing time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Digestion is carried out before autoclaving, so that cracking in the autoclaving process is avoided. In addition, because the super absorbent resin has high water retention performance, the super absorbent resin is autoclaved at a constant temperature of 175-200 ℃, then the temperature is gradually reduced to 120 ℃ and 100 ℃, so that the water absorption capacity of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is saturated, and the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance, thereby solving the technical problems of unstable shrinkage and easy cracking of the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick after discharge.
Example 2
As a further improvement of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided in this embodiment further includes 5% to 10% of silica sol;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
It should be noted that blending and compounding the super absorbent resin and the inorganic substance is beneficial to improving the strength of the water absorbent. In this embodiment, the super absorbent resin is preferably polyacrylamide, and the inorganic substance is preferably silica sol, and the super absorbent resin can be polymerized after blending the super absorbent resin and the silica sol, so that the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick can be improved.
It should be noted that a small amount of chemical bonding agent can be added to the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick to improve the coagulability of the mixed raw materials. Mixing chemical binder, 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and a stirrer, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture, so that all raw materials are uniformly distributed, and the prepared autoclaved sand-lime brick has a stable and firm structure.
The mixture is pressed for 2min under the strength of 30MPa, so that the mixture is stable in structure and not easy to scatter before the next procedure, and is made into blocks which are convenient to build and can be made into corresponding blocks according to the type of requirements.
And step 204, standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step 203 for 1-2 hours at room temperature.
Digestion of stewing can let unnecessary moisture in the adobe evaporate partly at room temperature, and the preferred 1~2h of this embodiment can prevent on the one hand that the adobe from causing the adobe crackle because moisture is heated to expand in the intensification process, on the other hand can make adobe intensity increase to some extent owing to stewing to improve the product intensity.
And 205, putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step 204 into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1 h.
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is autoclaved for 4-10 hours at the constant temperature of 175-200 ℃ to ensure that the formed autoclaved sand-lime brick has a firm and stable structure, the generation of hydrate in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is accelerated, the cleanliness and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are increased, and then the temperature is gradually reduced to ensure that the activity of super absorbent resin contained in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is improved to ensure that the autoclaved sand-lime brick achieves partial water absorption capacity and the super absorbent resin has strong water retention, so that the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance after being autoclaved and discharged from a furnace.
The natural curing aims to stabilize the internal structure of the autoclaved sand-lime brick and improve the strength.
Example 3
As a further improvement of embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in fig. 3, the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided in this embodiment further includes 5% to 10% of aluminum powder;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
It should be noted that a small amount of chemical bonding agent can be added to the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick to improve the coagulability of the mixed raw materials. Mixing a chemical bonding agent, 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash, 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles and 5-10% of aluminum powder, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring into a uniform mixture so as to uniformly distribute all the raw materials, so that the prepared autoclaved sand-lime brick has a stable and firm structure, and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is further improved by adding the aluminum powder.
The mixture is pressed for 2min under the strength of 30MPa, so that the mixture is stable in structure and not easy to scatter before the next procedure, and is made into blocks which are convenient to build and can be made into corresponding blocks according to the type of requirements.
And 303, standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step 302 at room temperature for 1-2 h.
Digestion of stewing can let unnecessary moisture in the adobe evaporate partly at room temperature, and the preferred 1~2h of this embodiment can prevent on the one hand that the adobe from causing the adobe crackle because moisture is heated to expand in the intensification process, on the other hand can make adobe intensity increase to some extent owing to stewing to improve the product intensity.
And 304, putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step 303 into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1 h.
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is autoclaved for 4-10 hours at the constant temperature of 175-200 ℃ to ensure that the formed autoclaved sand-lime brick has a firm and stable structure, the generation of hydrate in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is accelerated, the cleanliness and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are increased, and then the temperature is gradually reduced to ensure that the activity of super absorbent resin contained in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is improved to ensure that the autoclaved sand-lime brick achieves partial water absorption capacity and the super absorbent resin has strong water retention, so that the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance after being autoclaved and discharged from a furnace.
And 305, naturally curing for 25 days.
The natural curing aims to stabilize the internal structure of the autoclaved sand-lime brick and improve the strength.
Example 4
The raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided by the embodiment comprise 55% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 5% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 55% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 5% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
Example 5
The raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided by the embodiment comprise 50% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 10% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 50% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 10% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
and naturally curing for 25 days.
Example 6
The raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided by the embodiment comprise 45% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 15% of super absorbent resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 45% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
Example 7
In this embodiment, a control group 1 is provided, raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick of the control group 1 include 60% of sand, 20% of quicklime and 20% of fly ash, and the preparation method of the autoclaved sand-lime brick of the control group 1 is the same as that of the embodiment 1;
the results of the compressive strength test, the flexural strength test and the crack rate statistics of the autoclaved sand-lime bricks prepared according to the examples 4-6 and the control group 1 at the same temperature and pressure are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1
From the experimental results, the compressive strength and the bending strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick added with the super absorbent resin both meet the national standard of GB11945-1999 autoclaved sand-lime brick, and the crack rate is obviously lower than that of the common autoclaved sand-lime brick, thereby solving the technical problems of unstable shrinkage and easy cracking of the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick after discharge.
Example 8
The application provides a preparation method of autoclaved sand-lime bricks, which comprises the following steps:
step 401, mixing 40% -60% of sand, 20% -40% of quicklime, 20% -40% of fly ash and 5% -15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture.
It should be noted that a small amount of chemical bonding agent can be added to the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick to improve the coagulability of the mixed raw materials. The chemical bonding agent, 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles are mixed with a proper amount of water and stirred into a uniform mixture, so that all raw materials are uniformly distributed, and the prepared autoclaved sand-lime brick has a stable and firm structure.
Step 402, pressing the mixture into a block.
The mixture is pressed for 2min under the strength of 30MPa, so that the mixture is stable in structure and not easy to scatter before the next procedure, and is made into blocks which are convenient to build and can be made into corresponding blocks according to the type of requirements.
And 403, standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step 402 at room temperature for 1-2 h.
Digestion of stewing can let unnecessary moisture in the adobe evaporate partly at room temperature, and the preferred 1~2h of this embodiment can prevent on the one hand that the adobe from causing the adobe crackle because moisture is heated to expand in the intensification process, on the other hand can make adobe intensity increase to some extent owing to stewing to improve the product intensity.
And 404, putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step 403 into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h.
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is autoclaved for 4-10 hours at the constant temperature of 175-200 ℃ to ensure that the formed autoclaved sand-lime brick has a firm and stable structure, the generation of hydrate in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is accelerated, the cleanliness and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are increased, and then the temperature is gradually reduced to ensure that the activity of super absorbent resin contained in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is improved to ensure that the autoclaved sand-lime brick achieves partial water absorption capacity and the super absorbent resin has strong water retention, so that the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance after being autoclaved and discharged from a furnace.
Step 405, natural curing for 25 days.
The natural curing aims to stabilize the internal structure of the autoclaved sand-lime brick and improve the strength.
According to the preparation method of the autoclaved sand-lime brick provided by the embodiment of the application, the super absorbent resin is added, so that the water absorption of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is increased, and the brittleness of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is reduced. The super absorbent resin has the performance of high-temperature water absorption and low-temperature water removal, is high-pressure resistant, can enable the brick to have the moisture-proof performance, and can achieve the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer when being used for house buildings according to the performance. The super absorbent resin can be quickly gelled, the gelling speed of the product is accelerated, the curing time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved. Digestion is carried out before autoclaving, so that cracking in the autoclaving process is avoided. In addition, because the super absorbent resin has high water retention performance, the super absorbent resin is autoclaved at a constant temperature of 175-200 ℃, then the temperature is gradually reduced to 120 ℃ and 100 ℃, so that the water absorption capacity of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is saturated, and the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance, thereby solving the technical problems of unstable shrinkage and easy cracking of the existing autoclaved sand-lime brick after discharge.
Example 9
As a further improvement to example 8, the method for preparing an autoclaved sand-lime brick provided in this example includes the following steps:
step 501, adding a proper amount of water into 5% -10% of silica sol and 5% -15% of super absorbent resin particles, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1h to obtain a stirred material.
It should be noted that blending and compounding the super absorbent resin and the inorganic substance is beneficial to improving the strength of the water absorbent. In this embodiment, the super absorbent resin is preferably polyacrylamide, and the inorganic substance is preferably silica sol, and the super absorbent resin can be polymerized after blending the super absorbent resin and the silica sol, so that the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick can be improved.
Step 502, adding a proper amount of water into 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and the mixture, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture.
It should be noted that a small amount of chemical bonding agent can be added to the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick to improve the coagulability of the mixed raw materials. Mixing chemical binder, 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quicklime, 20-40% of fly ash and a stirrer, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture, so that all raw materials are uniformly distributed, and the prepared autoclaved sand-lime brick has a stable and firm structure.
Step 503, pressing the mixture into blocks.
The mixture is pressed for 2min under the strength of 30MPa, so that the mixture is stable in structure and not easy to scatter before the next procedure, and is made into blocks which are convenient to build and can be made into corresponding blocks according to the type of requirements.
And step 504, standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step 503 for 1-2 hours at room temperature.
Digestion of stewing can let unnecessary moisture in the adobe evaporate partly at room temperature, and the preferred 1~2h of this embodiment can prevent on the one hand that the adobe from causing the adobe crackle because moisture is heated to expand in the intensification process, on the other hand can make adobe intensity increase to some extent owing to stewing to improve the product intensity.
And 505, putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step 504 into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving for 1 h.
The autoclaved sand-lime brick is autoclaved for 4-10 hours at the constant temperature of 175-200 ℃ to ensure that the formed autoclaved sand-lime brick has a firm and stable structure, the generation of hydrate in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is accelerated, the cleanliness and the strength of the autoclaved sand-lime brick are increased, and then the temperature is gradually reduced to ensure that the activity of super absorbent resin contained in the autoclaved sand-lime brick is improved to ensure that the autoclaved sand-lime brick achieves partial water absorption capacity and the super absorbent resin has strong water retention, so that the autoclaved sand-lime brick has certain compression resistance after being autoclaved and discharged from a furnace.
Step 506, natural curing is carried out for 25 days.
The natural curing aims to stabilize the internal structure of the autoclaved sand-lime brick and improve the strength.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The autoclaved sand-lime brick is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of high water absorption resin particles;
the autoclaved sand-lime brick is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
2. The autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick further comprises 5% -10% of silica sol;
before the step (1), adding a proper amount of water into 5-10% of silica sol and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1h to obtain a stirred material;
in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water into 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash and a stirring object, and stirring to form a uniform mixture.
3. The autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material of the autoclaved sand-lime brick further comprises 5% -10% of aluminum powder;
in the step (1), 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash, 5-15% of high water absorption resin particles and 5-10% of aluminum powder are mixed, added with a proper amount of water and stirred into a uniform mixture.
4. The autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprise, by mass: 55% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 5% of super absorbent resin particles.
5. The autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprise, by mass: 50% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 10% of super absorbent resin particles.
6. The autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the autoclaved sand-lime brick comprise, by mass: 45% of sand, 20% of quicklime, 20% of fly ash and 15% of super absorbent resin particles.
7. The autoclaved sand lime brick of claim 1, wherein the super absorbent resin is polyacrylamide.
8. The autoclaved sand lime brick according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the raw materials of the autoclaved sand lime brick further comprise a chemical bonding agent.
9. The preparation method of the autoclaved sand-lime brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, adding a proper amount of water, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) pressing the mixture into blocks;
(3) standing and digesting the blocky mixture in the step (2) at room temperature for 1-2 h;
(4) putting the blocky mixture obtained in the step (3) into an autoclave, carrying out constant-temperature autoclaving at 175-200 ℃ for 4-10 h and 1.5-1.6 MPa, reducing the autoclaving temperature to 120 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1h, and reducing the temperature to 100 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature and normal-pressure autoclaving for 1 h;
(5) and naturally curing for 25 days.
10. The method for preparing autoclaved sand-lime brick as claimed in claim 9, wherein before step (1), further comprising:
adding a proper amount of water into 5-10% of silica sol and 5-15% of super absorbent resin particles, uniformly stirring, and standing for 1h to obtain a stirred material;
correspondingly, in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water into 40-60% of sand, 20-40% of quick lime, 20-40% of fly ash and the stirred material, and stirring to form a uniform mixture.
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