CN106630939A

CN106630939A - Light-weight porous floor tile and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN106630939A
Application number: CN201611065056.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任广鸿; 毕文峰
Original assignee: Henan Tong Wei Building Materials Co Ltd
Current assignee: Henan Tong Wei Building Materials Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-28
Filing date: 2016-11-28
Publication date: 2017-05-10

Abstract

The invention relates to a light-weight porous floor tile and a manufacturing method thereof. The light-weight porous floor tile is formed by mixing base materials, additives, filling agents and water, making the materials into slurry, and then performing forming and firing. Aluminum ash, iron ore waste slag and river sand are added into clay for firing the floor tile, so that the reutilization of wastes such as aluminum ash, iron ore waste slag and the like can be realized; in addition, the intensity of the fired floor tile is improved; (aluminum oxide, aluminum and the like contained in aluminum ash and ferric oxide in iron ore waste slag form enhanced body structures similar to hercynite in high-temperature environment during the floor tile firing); the silicon carbide, carbon powder and calcium carbonate powder are added to be used as additives, so that the fired floor tile has some open air pores (or being called as opening air pores) on the surface; the air pores can absorb certain noise; in addition, the surface water downward seepage is also facilitated; meanwhile, the intensity of the floor tile cannot be influenced.

Description

A kind of light porous floor tile and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the floor tile of building material field, specifically a kind of light porous floor tile and its making side Method.

Background technology

Floor tile is a kind of floor decorative material, is also floor tile, and most of floor tile is to be fired to form with clay, its chi Very little specification and shape are also varied, have the advantages that matter it is hard, it is pressure it is wear-resisting, can be moistureproof, and some have Jing after glazing treatment Decoration function, is used for the ground and floor of public building and civil buildings.In actual life, this floor tile is essentially all What organic and/or inorganic materials were fired, quality is hard and heavy, and permeability performance and bad.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of light porous floor tile and its method for cooking, the floor tile inside and surface point Pore is furnished with, certain noise can not only be absorbed, and permeability performance is also relatively good, it is adaptable to the laying of road.

The present invention for the technical scheme that adopted of solution above-mentioned technical problem for：A kind of light porous floor tile, describedly Plate brick is mixed and made into mud aftershaping, firing and forms by base-material, additive, filler and water, wherein, according to weight ratio, base-material Mixed by the river sand of the clay of 30-32 parts, the aluminium ash, the iron ore waste residue of 4-6 parts and 6-8 parts of 8-10 parts, additive is by 7-9 Aquamaine stone flour of the silicon carbide micro-powder, 1-2 parts fineness of part fineness less than 30 microns less than 30 microns, the carbon dust of 3-5 parts and Calcium carbonate powder of 2-3 parts fineness less than 80 microns is mixed, and filler is by the steel-making slag powder of 3-5 parts and the aluminium ash of 2-3 parts Grinding is obtained to fineness less than 30 microns after sintering 1h at a temperature of 1650-1700 DEG C after mixing.

Quartz sand powder in the additive also containing 1-2 parts fineness less than 100 microns.

Peridotite powder in the filler also containing 1-2 parts.

The filler in preparation process, after rapidly being cooled down with the rate of temperature fall of 600-700 DEG C/min after the completion of sintering Grinding is carried out again.

The preparation method of above-mentioned light porous floor tile, prepares first filler powder, and then aforementioned proportion weighs each thing Material carries out being mixed and added into water and makes the pug that moisture content is 18-20%, and the pug makes floor tile base substrate after 6-8 days in ageing, and Floor tile is obtained by drying, sintering and natural cooling, finally the surface laying rubber elastomer in floor tile obtains product, institute The preparation method for stating filler powder is：Steel-making slag powder and aluminium ash are weighed according to above-mentioned ratio, grinding does not surpass to fineness after mixing 300 microns of fine powder is crossed, simultaneously grinding is less than 30 microns to fineness for cooling after then sintering 1h at a temperature of 1650-1700 DEG C Obtain filler.

The pug is added thereto to the waste oil of pug gross weight 3% after ageing 6-8 days, enters again after again mix is uniform Row extrusion molding makes floor tile base substrate.

The drying temperature is 100-120 DEG C.

The sintering is divided into preheating section, warming-up section and the part of furnace zone three, wherein, preheating section is to instigate in-furnace temperature from normal Temperature is uniformly increased to 200 DEG C in 2h, and keeps temperature 1-2h, and in the process, oxygen content is not higher than 4% in holding furnace；

The warming-up section refers to, makes in-furnace temperature uniformly be increased to 800 DEG C in 4h from 200 DEG C, in the process, oxygen in holding furnace Gas content is not less than 45%；

The furnace zone refers to, makes in-furnace temperature uniformly be increased to 1450 DEG C in 2h from 800 DEG C, and keeps temperature 3h, here During, oxygen content is not less than 45% in holding furnace.

In the present invention, make the floor tile when, to prevent sintering process in there are the defects such as crackle, each material is being mixed Conjunction is made after pug ageing, and can be added thereto to the cement of base-material gross weight 10% carries out mix, is dried again after mix is uniform Dry, sintering and cooling, so as to finally give product.

In the present invention, one layer of rubber elastomer can be laid on the light porous floor tile surface for baking, so as to improve The comfortableness of walking：According to weight ratio, the rubber elastomer can be by 20～22 parts of nitrile rubber, 8～9 parts of polypropylene Nitrile fiber, 1～2 part of polyester fiber, 2～3 parts of vulcanizing agent, 4～5 parts of carbon black, 1～2 part of modified hollow glass micropearl, 3～4 parts of fine silica powder, 0.8～1 part of modified Potassium Tetratitanate Whisker and 4～6 parts of reinforcing agent are in 60～80 DEG C of conditions Lower mixing is formed, and the reinforcing agent is by 8～10 parts of sepiolite cashmeres, 1～2 part of modified nano-titanium dioxide, 10～12 parts of positive silicon Acetoacetic ester is made；The modified hollow glass micro-ball and modified Potassium Tetratitanate Whisker be respectively by commercially available hollow glass micro-ball and Commercially available Potassium Tetratitanate Whisker stands to filter to dry after 1-2h after mixing with the surface modifier of its weight 3-5% and obtains, table used Face modifying agent compares 3-4 by KH550, ethanol, acetone and barium hydroxide according to weight:80:2-3:The ratio of 1-2 is mixed；

The preparation method of reinforcing agent therein is：According to weight ratio, 10～12 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicates are taken with deionized water according to 1: The ratio mixing of 8-10, then the glacial acetic acid of tetraethyl orthosilicate weight 10%, the carbon of tetraethyl orthosilicate weight 5% are sequentially added thereto Powder, 8～10 parts of sepiolite cashmeres and 1～2 part of modified nano-titanium dioxide are well mixed and are reacted, in course of reaction, every 20min applies the ultrasonic wave 1min of frequency 350-370kHz into reaction system, and question response surpasses after terminating to reaction system Filter obtains pressed powder, and finally by pressed powder, abundant calcination removing carbon dust obtains reinforcing agent under aerobic conditions；It is described to change Property nano titanium oxide be that commercially available nano titanium oxide is mixed to get with the surface modifier of its weight 3-5%, the surface be modified Agent compares 3-4 by barium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and KH550 according to weight:1-2:30 ratio is mixed.

Using the rubber elastomer of mentioned component, wherein containing modified hollow glass micropearl, on the one hand can be dispersed On the other hand it is that hollow glass is made in modifying process in the matrix that nitrile rubber, polyacrylonitrile fibre and polyester fiber are formed Bead surface is grafted substantial amounts of silicone hydroxyl, and these groups are coupled together hollow glass micropearl with matrix by chemical reaction, protects The two has good interface binding power to card, and when by external force, hollow glass micropearl particle is stressed in the material material Deform upon, destroy, so as to apparatus with shock absorbing, improve impact property, while crazing can also be caused, terminate crack and expand Exhibition, causes the shear yielding of matrix under certain morphosis, so as to consume substantial amounts of impact energy, institute can be preferably transmitted again The external force born, improves compressive strength, bending strength, the impact strength of rubber elastomer；The sepiolite cashmere for containing also has micro- Pore structure, with very big specific surface area, is distributed in rubber elastomer and also can absorb vibrations and impact；

Nano level SiO is allowed by the use of barium hydroxide and sodium carbonate mixing as catalyst₂The surface energy of particle is hard to bear to arrive hydroxyl Effect, so as to contain a number of oxygen-containing functional group, increased nanoscale SiO₂The relevant surface compatability of particle, in nanometer Level SiO₂When particle is sufficiently mixed as inserts and remaining raw material, because SiO₂Particle very little, and specific surface area is big, granular Structure rest materials are increased with its contact area, make SiO₂Particle can be dispersed in material, consequently facilitating SiO₂There is chemical bonding or physical bond at high temperature with remaining material.Additionally, homodisperse nanoscale SiO₂Equivalent to " anchor point ", it can make the reinforcing matrix generated under hot environment in connection, under by external impacts effect, can produce The effect of " stress concentration " so that some matrixes " surrender " around it simultaneously absorb more work of deformation, also can produce in addition " pinning-climb up and over " effect, increases the crackle resistance suffered in extension, work of deformation is consumed, so that its toughness increases.

The present invention adds aluminium ash, iron ore waste residue and river sand as base-material in the clay for firing floor tile, not only solves Aluminium ash, the recycling of iron ore waste residue the like waste, and also improve the intensity of floor tile after firing（The oxidation contained in aluminium ash The reinforcement of the similar hercynite of formation in the hot environment with the iron oxide in iron ore waste residue when floor tile is sintered such as aluminium, aluminium Structure）, additive is used as by carborundum, carbon dust and calcium carbonate powder by adding, the tile surface for burning till can be caused to contain Some opening pores（Or title open pore）, these pores ensure that the compactness that floor tile is combined with rubber elastomer, and And do not interfere with the intensity of floor tile yet；Carborundum is susceptible to oxidation reaction in high temperature oxidative atmosphere：SiC+2O₂→CO₂+ SiO₂, the reaction started temperature is higher, and 1000 DEG C start substantially oxidation, and particle is thinner, then oxidation rate is faster, product CO₂ Effusion easily cause billet surface and form open pore, and product SiO₂With greater activity, with oxidation reactive aluminum life Into mullite, so as to form mullite reinforcement in floor tile；Meanwhile, at high temperature, the kyanite fine powder in additive decomposes, Both can ensure that and generate more mullite phase, it is ensured that the mechanical strength of product, kyanite starts to decompose, generates from 1100 DEG C or so Mullite and SiO₂, 1300 DEG C of notable decomposition and inversions later, because mullitization reaction is with the volumetric expansion of 16-18%, Therefore the hole produced due to Oxidation of SiC can be also filled, makes single hole diminish, overall porosity is reduced, and can be changed The shape of floor tile inner pore and distribution；Due to containing substantial amounts of micropore in floor tile, it is also possible to absorb and weaken the transmission of vibrations；

Beneficial effect：The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：

1）The present invention adds aluminium ash, iron ore waste residue and river sand as base-material in the clay for firing floor tile, not only solves aluminium Ash, the recycling of iron ore waste residue the like waste, and also improve the intensity of floor tile after firing（Aluminium ash in contain aluminum oxide, The reinforcement knot of the similar hercynite of formation in the hot environment with the iron oxide in iron ore waste residue when floor tile is sintered such as aluminium Structure）, additive is used as by carborundum, carbon dust and calcium carbonate powder by adding, the tile surface for burning till can be caused to contain one A little style of opening pores（Or title open pore）, these pores can not only absorb certain noise, and be also beneficial to surface water Under ooze, meanwhile, do not interfere with the intensity of floor tile yet；

3）At high temperature, the kyanite fine powder in additive decomposes the present invention, both can ensure that and generates more mullite phase, it is ensured that The mechanical strength of product, kyanite starts to decompose, generates mullite and SiO from 1100 DEG C or so₂, 1300 DEG C are significantly decomposed later Conversion, because the mullitization reaction is with the volumetric expansion of 16-18%, therefore can also fill because Oxidation of SiC is produced Hole, make single hole diminish, overall porosity is reduced, and can change shape and the distribution of floor tile inner pore；

4）The present invention is added thereto to waste oil and carries out mix after pug ageing, not only takes full advantage of discarded waste oil, And due to adding waste oil so that the stickiness of pug and moulding strengthened, so that additive decomposes at high temperature During forming pore, it is greatly lowered due to the defect such as crackle caused by pore and aquamaine stone flour expansion institute.

Specific embodiment

Technical scheme is further elaborated with reference to specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1

A kind of light porous floor tile, is mixed and made into mud aftershaping, firing and forms by base-material, additive, filler and water, its In, according to weight ratio, base-material by 30 parts clay, 8 parts of aluminium ash, 4 parts of iron ore waste residue and 6 parts of river sand mix, outward Plus aquamaine stone flour, 3 part of carbon dust of silicon carbide micro-powder, 1 part fineness of the agent by 7 parts of fineness less than 30 microns less than 30 microns Mix with calcium carbonate powder of 2 parts of fineness less than 80 microns, steel-making slag powder and 2 part of aluminium ash mixing of the filler by 3 parts Grinding is obtained to fineness less than 30 microns after sintering 1h at a temperature of 1650 DEG C afterwards；

The preparation method of above-mentioned light porous floor tile, prepares first filler powder, and then aforementioned proportion weighs each material and enters Row is mixed and added into water and makes the pug that moisture content is 18%, and the pug makes floor tile base substrate after 6 days in ageing, then drying, Sintering and natural cooling obtain floor tile, and finally the surface laying rubber elastomer in floor tile obtains product, the filler The preparation method of powder is：Steel-making slag powder and aluminium ash are weighed according to above-mentioned ratio, grinding is less than 300 microns to fineness after mixing Fine powder, cooling is then sintered after 1h at a temperature of 1650 DEG C and grinding obtains filler to fineness less than 30 microns.

Above for the present embodiment basic implementation, can more than on the basis of further improved, optimized and limited：

Such as, the quartz sand powder in the additive also containing 1 part of fineness less than 100 microns；

And for example, also containing 1 part of peridotite powder in the filler；

For another example, the filler enters again in preparation process after rapidly being cooled down with the rate of temperature fall of 600 DEG C/min after the completion of sintering Row grinding；

Again for another example, the pug is added thereto to the waste oil of pug gross weight 3%, after again mix is uniform again after ageing 6 days Carry out extrusion molding and make floor tile base substrate；

Again for another example, the drying temperature is 100 DEG C, and axial flow blower is made full use of in drying course, so as to be heated evenly；

Finally, it is described sintering be divided into preheating section, warming-up section and the part of furnace zone three, wherein, preheating section be instigate in-furnace temperature from Normal temperature is uniformly increased to 200 DEG C in 2h, and keeps temperature 1h, and in the process, oxygen content is not higher than 4% in holding furnace；

Embodiment 2

A kind of light porous floor tile, is mixed and made into mud aftershaping, firing and forms by base-material, additive, filler and water, its In, according to weight ratio, base-material by 32 parts clay, 10 parts of aluminium ash, 6 parts of iron ore waste residue and 8 parts of river sand mix, outward Plus aquamaine stone flour, 5 part of carbon dust of silicon carbide micro-powder, 2 part fineness of the agent by 9 parts of fineness less than 30 microns less than 30 microns Mix with calcium carbonate powder of 3 parts of fineness less than 80 microns, steel-making slag powder and 3 part of aluminium ash mixing of the filler by 5 parts Grinding is obtained to fineness less than 30 microns after sintering 1h at a temperature of 1700 DEG C afterwards；

The preparation method of above-mentioned light porous floor tile, prepares first filler powder, and then aforementioned proportion weighs each material and enters Row is mixed and added into water and makes the pug that moisture content is 20%, and the pug makes floor tile base substrate after 8 days in ageing, then drying, Sintering and natural cooling obtain floor tile, and finally the surface laying rubber elastomer in floor tile obtains product, the filler The preparation method of powder is：Steel-making slag powder and aluminium ash are weighed according to above-mentioned ratio, grinding is less than 300 microns to fineness after mixing Fine powder, cooling is then sintered after 1h at a temperature of 1700 DEG C and grinding obtains filler to fineness less than 30 microns.

Such as, the quartz sand powder in the additive also containing 2 parts of fineness less than 100 microns；

And for example, also containing 2 parts of peridotite powder in the filler；

For another example, the filler enters again in preparation process after rapidly being cooled down with the rate of temperature fall of 700 DEG C/min after the completion of sintering Row grinding；

Again for another example, the pug is added thereto to the waste oil of pug gross weight 3%, after again mix is uniform again after ageing 8 days Carry out extrusion molding and make floor tile base substrate；

Again for another example, the drying temperature is 120 DEG C, and axial flow blower is made full use of in drying course, so as to be heated evenly；

Finally, it is described sintering be divided into preheating section, warming-up section and the part of furnace zone three, wherein, preheating section be instigate in-furnace temperature from Normal temperature is uniformly increased to 200 DEG C in 2h, and keeps temperature 2h, and in the process, oxygen content is not higher than 4% in holding furnace；

Embodiment 3

A kind of light porous floor tile, is mixed and made into mud aftershaping, firing and forms by base-material, additive, filler and water, its In, according to weight ratio, base-material by 31 parts clay, 9 parts of aluminium ash, 5 parts of iron ore waste residue and 7 parts of river sand mix, outward Plus aquamaine stone flour, 4 part of carbon of silicon carbide micro-powder, 1.5 part fineness of the agent by 8 parts of fineness less than 30 microns less than 30 microns The calcium carbonate powder of powder and 2.5 parts of fineness less than 80 microns is mixed, steel-making slag powder and 2.5 part of aluminium of the filler by 4 parts Grinding is obtained to fineness less than 30 microns after sintering 1h at a temperature of 1675 DEG C after ash mixing；

The preparation method of above-mentioned light porous floor tile, prepares first filler powder, and then aforementioned proportion weighs each material and enters Row is mixed and added into water and makes the pug that moisture content is 19%, and the pug makes floor tile base substrate after 7 days in ageing, then drying, Sintering and natural cooling obtain floor tile, and finally the surface laying rubber elastomer in floor tile obtains product, the filler The preparation method of powder is：Steel-making slag powder and aluminium ash are weighed according to above-mentioned ratio, grinding is less than 300 microns to fineness after mixing Fine powder, cooling is then sintered after 1h at a temperature of 1675 DEG C and grinding obtains filler to fineness less than 30 microns.

Such as, the quartz sand powder in the additive also containing 1.5 parts of fineness less than 100 microns；

And for example, also containing 1.5 parts of peridotite powder in the filler；

For another example, the filler enters again in preparation process after rapidly being cooled down with the rate of temperature fall of 650 DEG C/min after the completion of sintering Row grinding；

Again for another example, the pug is added thereto to the waste oil of pug gross weight 3%, after again mix is uniform again after ageing 7 days Carry out extrusion molding and make floor tile base substrate；

Again for another example, the drying temperature is 110 DEG C, and axial flow blower is made full use of in drying course, so as to be heated evenly；

Finally, it is described sintering be divided into preheating section, warming-up section and the part of furnace zone three, wherein, preheating section be instigate in-furnace temperature from Normal temperature is uniformly increased to 200 DEG C in 2h, and keeps temperature 1.5h, and in the process, oxygen content is not higher than 4% in holding furnace；

Claims

1. a kind of light porous floor tile, it is characterised in that：The floor tile mixes system with water by base-material, additive, filler Form into mud aftershaping, firing, wherein, according to weight ratio, base-material by 30-32 parts clay, the aluminium ash of 8-10 parts, 4-6 parts Iron ore waste residue and the river sand of 6-8 parts mix, silicon carbide micro-powder, 1-2 of the additive by 7-9 parts fineness less than 30 microns Calcium carbonate powder of aquamaine stone flour, the carbon dust of 3-5 part and 2-3 part fineness of part fineness less than 30 microns less than 80 microns is mixed Conjunction is formed, after filler at a temperature of 1650-1700 DEG C after the steel-making slag powder of 3-5 parts and the aluminium ash mixing of 2-3 parts by 1h is sintered Grinding to fineness is obtained less than 30 microns.

2. a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also contain 1-2 in the additive Quartz sand powder of part fineness less than 100 microns.

3. a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also contain 1-2 in the filler The peridotite powder of part.

4. a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filler is in preparation process In, carry out grinding after rapidly cooling down with the rate of temperature fall of 600-700 DEG C/min after the completion of sintering again.

5. a kind of preparation method of light porous floor tile according to claim 1, prepares first filler powder, then Ratio according to claim 1 weighs each material and carries out being mixed and added into water makes the pug that moisture content is 18-20%, the pug Floor tile base substrate is made after being aged 6-8 days, then drying, sintering and natural cooling obtain product, it is characterised in that described The preparation method of filler powder is：Steel-making slag powder and aluminium ash are weighed according to the ratio described in claim 1, grinding is to thin after mixing Fine powder of the degree less than 300 microns, simultaneously grinding is less than to fineness for cooling after then sintering 1h at a temperature of 1650-1700 DEG C 30 microns obtain filler.

6. the preparation method of a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The pug is old After changing 6-8 days, the waste oil of pug gross weight 3% is added thereto to, carries out extrusion molding after again mix is uniform again and make ground adobe Body.

7. the preparation method of a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The drying temperature For 100-120 DEG C.

8. the preparation method of a kind of light porous floor tile according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The sintering is divided into Preheating section, warming-up section and the part of furnace zone three, wherein, preheating section is to instigate in-furnace temperature to be uniformly increased to 200 in 2h from normal temperature DEG C, and temperature 1-2h is kept, in the process, oxygen content is not higher than 4% in holding furnace；