CN107056173A - Heat-insulating building material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-insulating building material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107056173A CN107056173A CN201710425248.6A CN201710425248A CN107056173A CN 107056173 A CN107056173 A CN 107056173A CN 201710425248 A CN201710425248 A CN 201710425248A CN 107056173 A CN107056173 A CN 107056173A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 18
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
- C04B2111/92—Electrically insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/746—Recycled materials, e.g. made of used tires, bumpers or newspapers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat-insulating building material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of building materials, wherein the heat-insulating building material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14-20 parts of calcium silicate powder, 10-28 parts of granite powder, 15-17 parts of polyurethane, 17-23 parts of aluminum silicate powder, 5-9 parts of magnesium oxide, 7-13 parts of mineral wool, 4-8 parts of polyester fiber, 11-23 parts of slag powder, 15-19 parts of expanded vitrified micro-beads, 11-31 parts of vermiculite, 15-23 parts of sponge rubber, 15-21 parts of waste extruded sheet, 20-34 parts of expanded perlite, 9-17 parts of quartz glass fiber, 13-21 parts of polypropylene fiber, 27-35 parts of cement, 0.2-0.4 part of air entraining agent, 0.1-0.7 part of retarder, 0.1-0.3 part of flame retardant, 0.5-0.7 part of water reducing agent, 0.2-0.6 part of foaming agent and 3-7 parts of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing raw materials, (2) roasting, (3) crushing, (4) stirring, (5) pressure forming and (6) drying. The invention solves the problem that the existing heat-insulating building material is not enough to be applied to buildings with high requirements on compressive strength, heat insulation, environmental protection and energy conservation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, and in particular to a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With social progress and the raising of living standards of the people, requirement more and more higher of the people to construction material, especially
Insulation material in construction material, still, in existing insulation material, exist that compression strength is low, heat insulation effect typically with
And the problem of do not reach energy-conserving and environment-protective requirement.
A kind of construction material of insulation of Chinese patent literature that on July 13rd, 2016 is announced and preparation method thereof（Award
Weigh notification number CN104261776B）, the construction material of described insulation includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Calcium silicate powder is
14-21 parts, granite powder be 8-17 parts, polyurethane be 15-19 parts, aluminium silicate powder be 17-25 parts, magnesia be 5-11 parts, ore deposit
Thing cotton is 7-13 parts, polyester fiber is 4-9 parts.The preparation method of the construction material of the insulation comprises the following steps：(1)
Above-mentioned each composition is taken to be stirred in agitator tank, it is standby after stirring；(2) mixing prepared step (1) is equal
Composite after even is injected into mould, extrusion forming；(3) composite architectural materials after step (2) is press-formed
Dried again, drying temperature is 75 DEG C, drying time is the construction material that insulation is prepared after 3h, drying.
The invention is formulated to it in the building in face of high standards and stills need further improvement, make it have anti-
The characteristics of Compressive Strength height, good thermal and insulating performance and environmental protection and energy saving.
The content of the invention
In order to solve existing heat-insulating construction material applied to high to compression strength, insulation and environmental protection and energy saving requirement
It is architectural the problem of also there is deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof, it is made
Heat-insulating construction material have the advantages that compression strength is high, thermal and insulating performance is good and environmental protection and energy saving.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of heat-insulating construction material, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 14-20 parts of calcium silicate powder, 10-28 parts of granite powder, poly-
15-17 parts of urethane, 17-23 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 5-9 parts of magnesia, 7-13 parts of mineral wool, 4-8 parts of polyester fiber, pulverized slag 11-
23 parts, 15-19 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball, 11-31 parts of vermiculite, 15-23 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 15-21 part of extruded sheet, expansion treasure
20-34 parts of pearl rock, 9-17 parts of quartz glass fibre, 13-21 parts of polypropylene fibre, 27-35 parts of cement, 0.2-0.4 parts of air entraining agent,
3-7 parts of 0.1-0.7 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of fire retardant, 0.5-0.7 parts of water reducer, 0.2-0.6 parts of foaming agent and water.
Pulverized slag and discarded extruded sheet are with the addition of in raw material, these industrial wastes and construction waste are shelved on city for a long time,
Urban land, and the local environment of pollution are not only taken up, now by these industrial wastes and construction waste cycling and reutilization, is reached
The purposes of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Pulverized slag can fill up the hole formed in raw material mixed process as the filler of heat-insulating construction material
Gap, improves the compression strength of heat-insulating construction material；Discarded extruded sheet has continuous uniform top layer and closed pore formula honeycomb, completely
Be not in space, be conducive to improving the heat-insulating property and compressive property of heat-insulating construction material.
Expanded perlite is with the addition of in raw material, expanded perlite is in cellular white particle material for inside, with excellent
Good thermal and insulating performance.
Quartz glass fibre is with the addition of in raw material, quartz glass fibre has high temperature resistant, insulation, corrosion-resistant, heat-insulated and change
Learn the characteristics of stability is good.
It with the addition of polypropylene fibre in raw material, polypropylene fibre has that light weight, intensity are high, elasticity is good, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant,
The characteristics of insulation and electrical insulating property are good.
Preferably, the raw material of following parts by weight is included：17 parts of calcium silicate powder, 19 parts of granite powder, 16 parts of polyurethane, silicic acid
20 parts of aluminium powder, 7 parts of magnesia, 10 parts of mineral wool, 6 parts of polyester fiber, 17 parts of pulverized slag, 17 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball, vermiculite 21
Part, 19 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 18 parts of extruded sheet, 27 parts of expanded perlite, 13 parts of quartz glass fibre, polypropylene fibre 17
Part, 31 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.4 part of retarder, 0.2 part of fire retardant, 0.6 part of water reducer, 0.4 part of foaming agent and water 5
Part.
Preferably, the air entraining agent be alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent, improve heat-insulating construction material material flow,
Plasticity and the thermal conductivity factor for reducing heat-insulating construction material finished product.
Preferably, the retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate, the time for delaying the raw material of heat-insulating construction material to harden so that logical
Cross extension mixing time by raw material stir it is more uniform, so as to improve thermal and insulating performance and compression strength.
Preferably, the fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant, aluminium hydroxide fire retardant by improving the thermal capacitance of polymer,
It is set to absorb more heats before heat decomposition temperature is reached, so as to improve its fire resistance.
Preferably, the water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, with volume is low, water-reducing rate is up to 45%, Material shrinkage
Small, product stability is good, environmental protection, cost is low, convenient and safety advantage when using.
Preferably, the foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate, and carbon dioxide is released in heating, and foaming effect is good, improves heat-preserving building
The thermal and insulating performance of material.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating construction material, comprises the following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to heat-insulating construction material raw material weigh raw material；
（2）Vermiculite is put into kiln kiln roasting 20-30min, sintering temperature is controlled at 800-1000 DEG C, produces the leech after roasting
Stone；
（3）Discarded extruded sheet is added in pulverizer and crushed, grinding time is 15-20min, produces crushed material；
（4）By step（2）In roasting after vermiculite, step（3）In crushed material, calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane,
Aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber, pulverized slag, expanded and vitrified small ball, sponge rubber, expanded perlite, quartz
Glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, cement, air entraining agent, retarder, fire retardant, water reducer, foaming agent and water are added in mixer
Stirring, mixing time is 35-40min, produces compound；
（5）By step（4）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（6）By step（5）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention solves existing heat-insulating construction material applied to high to compression strength, insulation and environmental protection and energy saving requirement
It is architectural the problem of also there is deficiency.
2nd, pulverized slag and discarded extruded sheet are with the addition of in raw material of the invention, these industrial wastes and construction waste are put for a long time
Put in city, do not only take up urban land, and the local environment of pollution, now by these industrial wastes and construction waste circulation again
Utilize, reached the purpose of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Pulverized slag can be filled up in raw material mixed process as the filler of heat-insulating construction material
The hole of formation, improves the compression strength of heat-insulating construction material；Discarded extruded sheet has continuous uniform top layer and closed pore formula honeycomb
Structure, is not in space completely, is conducive to improving the heat-insulating property and compressive property of heat-insulating construction material.
3rd, expanded perlite is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, expanded perlite is to be internal in cellular white particle material
Material, with excellent thermal and insulating performance.
4th, quartz glass fibre is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, quartz glass fibre has high temperature resistant, insulation, corrosion resistant
Erosion, the characteristics of heat-insulated and chemical stability is good.
5th, polypropylene fibre is with the addition of in raw material of the invention, polypropylene fibre has light weight, intensity high, elastic good, resistance to
The characteristics of mill, corrosion-resistant, insulation and good electrical insulating property.
6th, heretofore described air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent, improves the material flow of heat-insulating construction material
Property, plasticity and reduce heat-insulating construction material finished product thermal conductivity factor.
7th, heretofore described retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate, the time for delaying the raw material of heat-insulating construction material to harden, is made
Must by extend mixing time by raw material stir it is more uniform, so as to improve thermal and insulating performance and compression strength.
8th, heretofore described fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant, and aluminium hydroxide fire retardant is by improving the heat of polymer
Hold, it is absorbed more heats before heat decomposition temperature is reached, so as to improve its fire resistance.
9th, heretofore described water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, with volume is low, water-reducing rate is up to 45%, material and received
Diminution, good product stability, environmental protection, cost is low, convenient and safety advantage when using.
10th, heretofore described foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate, and carbon dioxide is released in heating, and foaming effect is good, improves insulation
The thermal and insulating performance of construction material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of heat-insulating construction material, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：17 parts of calcium silicate powder, 19 parts of granite powder, polyurethane 16
Part, 20 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 7 parts of magnesia, 10 parts of mineral wool, 6 parts of polyester fiber, 17 parts of pulverized slag, 17 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball,
21 parts of vermiculite, 19 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 18 parts of extruded sheet, 27 parts of expanded perlite, 13 parts of quartz glass fibre, polypropylene are fine
Dimension 17 parts, 31 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.4 part of retarder, 0.2 part of fire retardant, 0.6 part of water reducer, 0.4 part of foaming agent and
5 parts of water.
Pulverized slag and discarded extruded sheet are with the addition of in raw material, these industrial wastes and construction waste are shelved on city for a long time,
Urban land, and the local environment of pollution are not only taken up, now by these industrial wastes and construction waste cycling and reutilization, is reached
The purposes of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Pulverized slag can fill up the hole formed in raw material mixed process as the filler of heat-insulating construction material
Gap, improves the compression strength of heat-insulating construction material；Discarded extruded sheet has continuous uniform top layer and closed pore formula honeycomb, completely
Be not in space, be conducive to improving the heat-insulating property and compressive property of heat-insulating construction material.
Expanded perlite is with the addition of in raw material, expanded perlite is in cellular white particle material for inside, with excellent
Good thermal and insulating performance.
Quartz glass fibre is with the addition of in raw material, quartz glass fibre has high temperature resistant, insulation, corrosion-resistant, heat-insulated and change
Learn the characteristics of stability is good.
It with the addition of polypropylene fibre in raw material, polypropylene fibre has that light weight, intensity are high, elasticity is good, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant,
The characteristics of insulation and electrical insulating property are good.
Air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent, improve the material flow of heat-insulating construction material, plasticity and
Reduce the thermal conductivity factor of heat-insulating construction material finished product.
Retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate, the time for delaying the raw material of heat-insulating construction material to harden so that stirred by extending
Time by raw material stir it is more uniform, so as to improve thermal and insulating performance and compression strength.
Fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant, and aluminium hydroxide fire retardant is reaching it by improving the thermal capacitance of polymer
More heats are absorbed before heat decomposition temperature, so as to improve its fire resistance.
Water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, with volume is low, water-reducing rate be up to that 45%, Material shrinkage is small, product stability
Good, environmental protection, cost is low, convenient and safety advantage when using.
Foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate, and carbon dioxide is released in heating, and foaming effect is good, improves the thermal insulation separation of heat-insulating construction material
Hot property.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating construction material, comprises the following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to heat-insulating construction material raw material weigh raw material；
（2）Vermiculite is put into kiln kiln roasting 20-30min, sintering temperature is controlled at 800-1000 DEG C, produces the leech after roasting
Stone；
（3）Discarded extruded sheet is added in pulverizer and crushed, grinding time is 15-20min, produces crushed material；
（4）By step（2）In roasting after vermiculite, step（3）In crushed material, calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane,
Aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber, pulverized slag, expanded and vitrified small ball, sponge rubber, expanded perlite, quartz
Glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, cement, air entraining agent, retarder, fire retardant, water reducer, foaming agent and water are added in mixer
Stirring, mixing time is 35-40min, produces compound；
（5）By step（4）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（6）By step（5）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of heat-insulating construction material, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：14 parts of calcium silicate powder, 10 parts of granite powder, polyurethane 15
Part, 17 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 5 parts of magnesia, 7 parts of mineral wool, 4 parts of polyester fiber, 11 parts of pulverized slag, 15 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball,
11 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 15 parts of extruded sheet, 20 parts of expanded perlite, 9 parts of quartz glass fibre, polypropylene are fine
Dimension 13 parts, 27 parts of cement, 0.2 part of air entraining agent, 0.1 part of retarder, 0.1 part of fire retardant, 0.5 part of water reducer, 0.2 part of foaming agent and
3 parts of water.
Pulverized slag and discarded extruded sheet are with the addition of in raw material, these industrial wastes and construction waste are shelved on city for a long time,
Urban land, and the local environment of pollution are not only taken up, now by these industrial wastes and construction waste cycling and reutilization, is reached
The purposes of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Pulverized slag can fill up the hole formed in raw material mixed process as the filler of heat-insulating construction material
Gap, improves the compression strength of heat-insulating construction material；Discarded extruded sheet has continuous uniform top layer and closed pore formula honeycomb, completely
Be not in space, be conducive to improving the heat-insulating property and compressive property of heat-insulating construction material.
Expanded perlite is with the addition of in raw material, expanded perlite is in cellular white particle material for inside, with excellent
Good thermal and insulating performance.
Quartz glass fibre is with the addition of in raw material, quartz glass fibre has high temperature resistant, insulation, corrosion-resistant, heat-insulated and change
Learn the characteristics of stability is good.
It with the addition of polypropylene fibre in raw material, polypropylene fibre has that light weight, intensity are high, elasticity is good, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant,
The characteristics of insulation and electrical insulating property are good.
Air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent, improve the material flow of heat-insulating construction material, plasticity and
Reduce the thermal conductivity factor of heat-insulating construction material finished product.
Retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate, the time for delaying the raw material of heat-insulating construction material to harden so that stirred by extending
Time by raw material stir it is more uniform, so as to improve thermal and insulating performance and compression strength.
Fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant, and aluminium hydroxide fire retardant is reaching it by improving the thermal capacitance of polymer
More heats are absorbed before heat decomposition temperature, so as to improve its fire resistance.
Water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, with volume is low, water-reducing rate be up to that 45%, Material shrinkage is small, product stability
Good, environmental protection, cost is low, convenient and safety advantage when using.
Foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate, and carbon dioxide is released in heating, and foaming effect is good, improves the thermal insulation separation of heat-insulating construction material
Hot property.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating construction material, comprises the following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to heat-insulating construction material raw material weigh raw material；
（2）Vermiculite is put into kiln kiln roasting 20-30min, sintering temperature is controlled at 800-1000 DEG C, produces the leech after roasting
Stone；
（3）Discarded extruded sheet is added in pulverizer and crushed, grinding time is 15-20min, produces crushed material；
（4）By step（2）In roasting after vermiculite, step（3）In crushed material, calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane,
Aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber, pulverized slag, expanded and vitrified small ball, sponge rubber, expanded perlite, quartz
Glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, cement, air entraining agent, retarder, fire retardant, water reducer, foaming agent and water are added in mixer
Stirring, mixing time is 35-40min, produces compound；
（5）By step（4）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（6）By step（5）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of heat-insulating construction material, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of calcium silicate powder, 28 parts of granite powder, polyurethane 17
Part, 23 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 9 parts of magnesia, 13 parts of mineral wool, 8 parts of polyester fiber, 23 parts of pulverized slag, 19 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball,
31 parts of vermiculite, 23 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 21 parts of extruded sheet, 34 parts of expanded perlite, 17 parts of quartz glass fibre, polypropylene are fine
Dimension 21 parts, 35 parts of cement, 0.4 part of air entraining agent, 0.7 part of retarder, 0.3 part of fire retardant, 0.7 part of water reducer, 0.6 part of foaming agent and
7 parts of water.
Pulverized slag and discarded extruded sheet are with the addition of in raw material, these industrial wastes and construction waste are shelved on city for a long time,
Urban land, and the local environment of pollution are not only taken up, now by these industrial wastes and construction waste cycling and reutilization, is reached
The purposes of energy-conserving and environment-protective；Pulverized slag can fill up the hole formed in raw material mixed process as the filler of heat-insulating construction material
Gap, improves the compression strength of heat-insulating construction material；Discarded extruded sheet has continuous uniform top layer and closed pore formula honeycomb, completely
Be not in space, be conducive to improving the heat-insulating property and compressive property of heat-insulating construction material.
Expanded perlite is with the addition of in raw material, expanded perlite is in cellular white particle material for inside, with excellent
Good thermal and insulating performance.
Quartz glass fibre is with the addition of in raw material, quartz glass fibre has high temperature resistant, insulation, corrosion-resistant, heat-insulated and change
Learn the characteristics of stability is good.
It with the addition of polypropylene fibre in raw material, polypropylene fibre has that light weight, intensity are high, elasticity is good, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant,
The characteristics of insulation and electrical insulating property are good.
Air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent, improve the material flow of heat-insulating construction material, plasticity and
Reduce the thermal conductivity factor of heat-insulating construction material finished product.
Retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate, the time for delaying the raw material of heat-insulating construction material to harden so that stirred by extending
Time by raw material stir it is more uniform, so as to improve thermal and insulating performance and compression strength.
Fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant, and aluminium hydroxide fire retardant is reaching it by improving the thermal capacitance of polymer
More heats are absorbed before heat decomposition temperature, so as to improve its fire resistance.
Water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, with volume is low, water-reducing rate be up to that 45%, Material shrinkage is small, product stability
Good, environmental protection, cost is low, convenient and safety advantage when using.
Foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate, and carbon dioxide is released in heating, and foaming effect is good, improves the thermal insulation separation of heat-insulating construction material
Hot property.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating construction material, comprises the following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to heat-insulating construction material raw material weigh raw material；
（2）Vermiculite is put into kiln kiln roasting 20-30min, sintering temperature is controlled at 800-1000 DEG C, produces the leech after roasting
Stone；
（3）Discarded extruded sheet is added in pulverizer and crushed, grinding time is 15-20min, produces crushed material；
（4）By step（2）In roasting after vermiculite, step（3）In crushed material, calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane,
Aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber, pulverized slag, expanded and vitrified small ball, sponge rubber, expanded perlite, quartz
Glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, cement, air entraining agent, retarder, fire retardant, water reducer, foaming agent and water are added in mixer
Stirring, mixing time is 35-40min, produces compound；
（5）By step（4）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（6）By step（5）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
Comparative example 1
A kind of construction material of insulation, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：17.5 parts of calcium silicate powder, 20 parts of granite powder,
4 parts of 17 parts of polyurethane, 21 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 8 parts of magnesia, 10 parts of mineral wool, 6.5 parts of polyester fiber and water.
A kind of preparation method of the construction material of insulation, comprises the following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to the raw material of building materials of insulation weigh raw material；
（2）Calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane, aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber and water are added to and stirred
Mix in machine and stir, mixing time is 30-40min, produces compound；
（3）By step（2）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（4）By step（3）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
Heat-insulating construction material is made in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and the construction material of insulation is made in comparative example 1
Performance test is carried out, test result is as shown in table 1：
| Index | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Compression strength（Mpa） | 47.2 | 41.6 | 39.5 | 30.7 |
| Thermal conductivity factor（W/m ﹒ k） | 0.016 | 0.019 | 0.021 | 0.028 |
| Material loss slip（%） | 29 | 23 | 18 | 0 |
From the data of table 1 compare as can be seen that it is an advantage of the invention that：
1st, a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof, from the compression strength value measured as can be seen that embodiment 1-3 resistance to compression
Intensity level is above comparative example 1, illustrates that the heat-insulating construction material compression strength is high.
2nd, a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof, from the thermal conductivity factor measured as can be seen that embodiment 1-3's leads
Hot coefficient is below comparative example 1, illustrates the heat-insulating construction material high insulating effect.
3rd, a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof, from the material loss slip measured as can be seen that embodiment
1-3 material loss slip is above comparative example 1, illustrates the good energy-conserving effect of the heat-insulating construction material.
4th, a kind of heat-insulating construction material and preparation method thereof, from the data of each index measured as can be seen that embodiment 1
Be superior to embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example 1, illustrate the heat-insulating construction material composition of raw materials and preparation method it is reasonable
Property.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristic
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of heat-insulating construction material, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：14-20 parts of calcium silicate powder, granite
10-28 parts of powder, 15-17 parts of polyurethane, 17-23 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 5-9 parts of magnesia, 7-13 parts of mineral wool, polyester fiber 4-8
Part, 11-23 parts of pulverized slag, 15-19 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball, 11-31 parts of vermiculite, 15-23 parts of sponge rubber, discarded extruded sheet
15-21 parts, 20-34 parts of expanded perlite, 9-17 parts of quartz glass fibre, 13-21 parts of polypropylene fibre, 27-35 parts of cement, draw
0.2-0.4 parts of gas agent, 0.1-0.7 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of fire retardant, 0.5-0.7 parts of water reducer, 0.2-0.6 parts of foaming agent
With 3-7 parts of water.
2. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：Calcium silicates
17 parts of powder, 19 parts of granite powder, 16 parts of polyurethane, 20 parts of aluminium silicate powder, 7 parts of magnesia, 10 parts of mineral wool, 6 parts of polyester fiber,
17 parts of pulverized slag, 17 parts of expanded and vitrified small ball, 21 parts of vermiculite, 19 parts of sponge rubber, discarded 18 parts of extruded sheet, expanded perlite 27
Part, 13 parts of quartz glass fibre, 17 parts of polypropylene fibre, 31 parts of cement, 0.3 part of air entraining agent, 0.4 part of retarder, fire retardant 0.2
Part, 0.6 part of water reducer, 0.4 part of foaming agent and 5 parts of water.
3. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air entraining agent draws for alkyl benzene sulfonate
Gas agent.
4. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The retarder is sodium tripolyphosphate.
5. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide fire retardant.
6. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water reducer is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
7. heat-insulating construction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The foaming agent is sodium acid carbonate.
8. a kind of preparation method of heat-insulating construction material as described in claim 1-7 any one, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
（1）Parts by weight according to heat-insulating construction material raw material weigh raw material；
（2）Vermiculite is put into kiln kiln roasting 20-30min, sintering temperature is controlled at 800-1000 DEG C, produces the leech after roasting
Stone；
（3）Discarded extruded sheet is added in pulverizer and crushed, grinding time is 15-20min, produces crushed material；
（4）By step（2）In roasting after vermiculite, step（3）In crushed material, calcium silicate powder, granite powder, polyurethane,
Aluminium silicate powder, magnesia, mineral wool, polyester fiber, pulverized slag, expanded and vitrified small ball, sponge rubber, expanded perlite, quartz
Glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, cement, air entraining agent, retarder, fire retardant, water reducer, foaming agent and water are added in mixer
Stirring, mixing time is 35-40min, produces compound；
（5）By step（4）In compound injection moulding mould in, extrusion forming, produce molding mass；
（6）By step（5）In molding mass dried, drying temperature be 75-85 DEG C, drying time is 4-5h, produces insulation
Construction material.
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Family
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107586073A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-16 | 镇江市太浪新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of construction material of aging-resistant flame-proof heat-holding dampproof and preparation method thereof |
| CN107601983A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-19 | 镇江市太浪新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of construction material formula of aging-resistant flame-proof heat-holding dampproof |
| CN107759155A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 广西贝仕特环保科技有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly insulating energy-saving material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107935498A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 张家港市华孚实业有限公司 | Wall swelling perlite heat-insulating mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN108623272A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-10-09 | 桐城市景瑞建筑装饰工程有限公司 | A kind of environmental-friendly construction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110627520A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-31 | 中发创新(北京)节能技术有限公司 | Method for preparing composite heat-insulating material from waste inorganic heat-insulating material |
| CN111962697A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-20 | 安徽易舒居新型建材有限公司 | Thin outer wall external thermal insulation system that plasters of rock wool heat preservation fire prevention composite sheet |
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| CN107586073A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-16 | 镇江市太浪新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of construction material of aging-resistant flame-proof heat-holding dampproof and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111962697A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-20 | 安徽易舒居新型建材有限公司 | Thin outer wall external thermal insulation system that plasters of rock wool heat preservation fire prevention composite sheet |
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Application publication date: 20170818 |