CN111153637A - Process for preparing baking-free brick from aluminum ash - Google Patents
Process for preparing baking-free brick from aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN111153637A CN111153637A CN201911400336.6A CN201911400336A CN111153637A CN 111153637 A CN111153637 A CN 111153637A CN 201911400336 A CN201911400336 A CN 201911400336A CN 111153637 A CN111153637 A CN 111153637A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/026—Preparation of ammonia from inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
- C22B21/0092—Remelting scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a process for preparing baking-free bricks by using aluminum ash, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: pretreating aluminum ash in the first step, mixing raw materials in the second step, performing compression molding in the third step and maintaining in the fourth step; the method effectively eradicates harmful elements through the pretreatment of the aluminum ash, recovers useful components in the aluminum ash to the maximum extent, obtains a metal aluminum sheet through a ball-milling screening section, and obtains the remelted aluminum with higher added value through treatment; the water leaching deamination realizes the centralized recovery of ammonia gas, thus avoiding the atmospheric pollution caused in the stacking process of aluminum ash; the fluoride is fixed, so that the damage to underground water and soil in the stacking process of aluminum ash is avoided; the high-aluminum material waste residue obtained after deamination and fluorine fixation is used as a raw material for producing baking-free bricks, so that the harmlessness, the reclamation and the benefit of aluminum ash treatment are realized; the method for preparing the baking-free brick has the advantages of simple and convenient process, mild operation conditions, less investment and low production cost, and the prepared baking-free brick has excellent performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes, in particular to a process method for preparing baking-free bricks by using aluminum ash.
Background
In the production link of aluminum and secondary aluminum, a large amount of aluminum ash is generated, the aluminum ash is solid waste residue, toxic and harmful substances such as aluminum nitride, fluoride and the like are contained in the aluminum ash, and when the aluminum ash is stacked or treated improperly, water, soil and air can be polluted, so that the environment is damaged. The national records of dangerous waste (2016 edition) issued by the nation indicate that aluminum ash is dangerous waste. The quantity of the aluminum ash generated in the world every year is over 500 million tons, and based on the quantity, the problems of harmless disposal and resource utilization of the aluminum ash are urgently solved.
The baking-free brick is also called an environment-friendly brick or a light brick, is a large class of green energy-saving environment-friendly bricks which are manufactured without high-temperature calcination in the production process, and is produced by adopting fixed wastes such as fly ash, slag and the like in China. The invention adopts the fixed waste aluminum ash as the raw material to prepare the baking-free brick, thereby not only meeting the social aims of resource conservation and environmental protection, but also realizing the sustainable development of enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for preparing a baking-free brick by using aluminum ash, which realizes the recycling of waste aluminum ash, simultaneously, the baking-free brick produced by the method has better performance, reduces the manufacturing cost of the baking-free brick and achieves the aim of green production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a process for preparing baking-free bricks by using aluminum ash, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: pretreating aluminum ash in the first step, mixing raw materials in the second step, performing compression molding in the third step and maintaining in the fourth step;
the first step of aluminum ash pretreatment comprises the following steps:
s1, performing ball milling and screening, ash frying, cooling and screening on the collected aluminum ash to obtain residual ash;
s2, performing water leaching deamination on the residual ash, wherein the water leaching deamination is used for removing harmful nitrogen elements in the residual ash, and the recovered ammonia gas can be directly used for electrolyzing aluminum or can be used for obtaining useful byproducts through subsequent treatment; adding a fluorine fixing agent for reaction after the reaction, wherein the fluorine fixing reaction is used for fixing harmful fluoride in the fixed residual ash solution to form a precipitate, and after the reaction is finished, performing centrifugal dehydration separation to obtain waste residues;
step two, mixing raw materials: the raw materials are ground uniformly according to the following mass percentage and mixed: 60% -80% of the waste residues, 10% -20% of cement and 10% -20% of aggregate additives; the aggregate additive is a mixture of crushed stone with the granularity of less than 10mm and one or more than two of waste stone powder, fly ash, coal gangue and silica powder; water is added to the mixed raw materials and then stirring operation is carried out.
And step three, compression molding: pressing and forming the uniformly mixed materials to obtain a primary blank;
and step four, maintenance: naturally curing the primary blank at a light-proof and water-proof position;
and after the primary blank maintenance is finished, the baking-free brick is prepared.
According to the invention S1, preferably, in S1, the ball milling and screening stage obtains aluminum sheets and a part of the residual ash, the aluminum sheets are coarse particles with a particle size of 120 meshes or more, the residual ash is fine particles with a particle size of 120 meshes or less, the aluminum sheets are subjected to the ash frying stage to obtain molten aluminum and hot aluminum ash, the molten aluminum is cooled and recovered to obtain re-melted aluminum, and the hot aluminum ash is subjected to the cooling and screening stage to obtain another part of the residual ash.
Further, the ash frying section is carried out in a rotary furnace.
Further, the cooling and screening section is carried out in a cooling barrel, the outside of the cooling barrel is subjected to heat exchange cooling in a water spraying mode, and water vapor generated by cooling outside the cooling barrel is intensively discharged by a steam discharge pipe; the rear end of the cooling barrel is provided with a ball milling chamber, and the ball milling chamber is provided with a screening machine of an independent transmission system for screening.
Preferably, the fluorine fixing agent is Ca (OH)2。
Preferably, the cement type is one of 325# or 425 #.
Further, the mixing of the raw materials in the second process is completed through a stirring system in a full-automatic brick making production line, and the compression molding in the third process is achieved through a molding system in the full-automatic brick making production line.
Furthermore, in the second working procedure, the using amount of the water is 10-20% of the total mass of the waste residue, the cement and the aggregate additive.
Preferably, the forming pressure of the baking-free brick in the third pressing forming process is 8-25 MPa.
Preferably, the natural curing time in the curing in the fourth step is 10-28 d.
The method effectively eradicates harmful elements through the pretreatment of the aluminum ash, recovers useful components in the aluminum ash to the maximum extent, obtains a metal aluminum sheet through a ball-milling screening section, and obtains the remelted aluminum with higher added value through treatment; the water leaching deamination realizes the centralized recovery of ammonia gas, the recovered ammonia gas can be directly used for electrolyzing aluminum, or the ammonia gas is subjected to subsequent treatment to obtain a useful by-product, the by-product can be specifically diluted ammonia water, so that the atmospheric pollution caused in the stacking process of aluminum ash is avoided; the fluoride is fixed, so that the damage to underground water and soil in the stacking process of aluminum ash is avoided; the high-aluminum material waste residue obtained after deamination and fluorine fixation is used as a raw material for producing baking-free bricks, the utilization rate is improved by secondary utilization, the harmlessness, the reclamation and the benefit of aluminum ash treatment are realized, the whole process has no discharge of waste water and solid waste, and the existence of secondary pollution is avoided; the method for preparing the baking-free brick has the advantages of simple and convenient process, mild operation conditions, less investment and low production cost, and the prepared baking-free brick has excellent performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the process for preparing baking-free bricks by using aluminum ash.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the purpose and function of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash provided by the invention comprises the following steps: pretreating aluminum ash in the first step, mixing raw materials in the second step, performing compression molding in the third step and maintaining in the fourth step.
The first step of aluminum ash pretreatment comprises the following steps:
and S1, performing a ball milling and screening stage on the collected aluminum ash to obtain an aluminum sheet and a part of residual ash, performing an ash frying working section on the aluminum sheet to obtain molten aluminum and hot aluminum ash, cooling and recovering the molten aluminum to obtain re-melted aluminum, and cooling and screening the hot aluminum ash to obtain the other part of residual ash.
S2, water leaching and deaminizing the residual ash, namely, adding water and Na into the residual ash2CO3The catalyst is used for removing harmful nitrogen elements in residual ash, the recovered ammonia gas can be directly used for electrolyzing aluminum, or useful byproducts can be obtained through subsequent treatment, and the byproducts can be specifically diluted ammonia water; adding fluorine-fixing agent Ca (OH) into the solution after water leaching and deamination2And (3) carrying out reaction, wherein the fluorine fixation reaction is used for fixing harmful fluoride in the fixed residual ash solution to form calcium fluoride precipitate, after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal dehydration separation to obtain waste residue and waste liquid, wherein the waste residue is used as a raw material for producing baking-free bricks, and the waste liquid can be returned to the water leaching deamination step through a circulating water tank for recycling.
Step two, mixing raw materials: the raw materials are ground uniformly according to the following mass percentage and mixed:
67% of waste residues, 18% of 425# cement and 15% of aggregate additive; mixing the above materials, adding water with water amount of 16% of the total amount of the materials, and stirring for 10 min.
The aggregate additive added in the embodiment specifically comprises 70% of crushed stone with the granularity smaller than 10mm and 30% of fly ash in percentage by mass.
And step three, compression molding: and (3) performing compression molding on the uniformly mixed materials to obtain a primary blank, wherein the compression molding pressure is 22.3Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1 min.
And step four, maintenance: and naturally curing the primary blank at a lightproof and water-avoiding position for 8 d.
And (5) after the primary blank curing is finished, obtaining the baking-free brick.
Further, in this embodiment, the ball milling and screening section is performed in a ball mill, the aluminum ash is first put into a raw material bin of the ball mill, and is rolled and crushed, the metallic aluminum extends to a flake shape, the impurities are crushed, and the aluminum flake and a part of the residual ash are obtained by rotary screening, wherein the aluminum flake is over 120 meshes, and the residual ash is under 120 meshes.
In the embodiment, the ash frying working section is carried out in the rotary furnace, the rotary furnace is configured with the rotary forklift during operation, the aluminum sheet is arranged in the semicircular ash bucket, the semicircular ash bucket is lifted by the rotary forklift and extends into the rotary furnace to rotate and pour materials, the temperature in the rotary furnace is raised by igniting the combustion oil, subsequent ash frying is carried out by burning part of heat of the metal aluminum sheet, the aluminum water is separated from the aluminum sheet to the maximum extent through rotation of the rotary furnace and stirring of the operation rakes carried by the rotary forklift, the aluminum water is poured into an aluminum water tank arranged in front of the rotary furnace from a furnace mouth, after pouring is completed, the other semicircular ash bucket is arranged in front of the furnace instead of the aluminum water tank, and the rest hot aluminum ash is poured out from the furnace mouth to carry out the next cooling and screening working section.
The cooling screening workshop section is carried out in the cooling barrel, the outside of cooling barrel adopts the water spray formula to carry out the heat exchange cooling, and the outside of cooling barrel adopts steam discharge pipe to concentrate by the vapor that the cooling produced and discharges, and the cooling barrel rear end is equipped with simple and easy ball-milling room, and the ball-milling room is equipped with independent transmission system's screening machine in order to supply the screening, and screening machine stack body operating speed adopts the converter to adjust, and after the abundant cooling screening, obtain another part residual ash.
And step two, mixing the raw materials through a stirring system in the full-automatic brick making production line, and after the stirring and mixing operation is finished, conveying the stirred materials to a forming system in the full-automatic brick making production line through a belt conveyor in the full-automatic brick making production line for compression forming.
Example 2
Compared with example 1, other embodiments are consistent, and the specific differences are as follows:
step two, mixing raw materials: the raw materials are ground uniformly according to the following mass percentage and mixed:
72% of waste residues, 18% of 425# cement and 10% of aggregate additive; mixing the above materials uniformly, adding water with water amount of 13% of the total amount of the materials, and stirring for 10 min.
The aggregate additive added in the embodiment specifically comprises 55 mass percent of crushed stone with the granularity less than 10mm and 45 mass percent of fly ash.
And step three, compression molding: and (3) performing compression molding on the uniformly mixed materials to obtain a primary blank, wherein the compression molding pressure is 22.3Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1 min.
And step four, maintenance: and naturally curing the primary blank at a lightproof and water-avoiding position for 6 d.
And (5) after the primary blank curing is finished, obtaining the baking-free brick.
Example 3
Compared with examples 1 and 2, other embodiments are consistent, and the specific differences are as follows:
step two, mixing raw materials: the raw materials are ground uniformly according to the following mass percentage and mixed:
60% of waste residues, 20% of 425# cement and 20% of aggregate additive; mixing the above materials, adding water with water amount of 16% of the total amount of the materials, and stirring for 10 min.
The aggregate additive added in the embodiment specifically comprises 70% of crushed stone with the granularity smaller than 10mm and 30% of fly ash in percentage by mass.
And step three, compression molding: and (3) performing compression molding on the uniformly mixed materials to obtain a primary blank, wherein the compression molding pressure is 22.3Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1 min.
And step four, maintenance: and naturally curing the primary blank at a lightproof and water-avoiding position for 6 d.
And (5) after the primary blank curing is finished, obtaining the baking-free brick.
The baking-free bricks prepared in the three embodiments meet MU10 standard index after inspection, and the detection equipment is a caliper for bricks of 0-250mm and a TSY-600 electro-hydraulic pressure tester.
The process for preparing the baking-free brick by using the aluminum ash effectively eradicates harmful elements through the pretreatment of the aluminum ash, and recovers useful components in the aluminum ash to the maximum extent; the high-aluminum material waste residue obtained after deamination and fluorine fixation is used as a raw material for producing baking-free bricks, the utilization rate is improved by secondary utilization, the harmlessness, the reclamation and the benefit of aluminum ash treatment are realized, the whole process has no discharge of waste water and solid waste, and the existence of secondary pollution is avoided; the method for preparing the baking-free brick has the advantages of simple and convenient process, mild operation conditions, less investment and low production cost, and the prepared baking-free brick has excellent performance.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for preparing baking-free bricks by using aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: pretreating aluminum ash in the first step, mixing raw materials in the second step, performing compression molding in the third step and maintaining in the fourth step;
the first step of aluminum ash pretreatment comprises the following steps:
s1, performing ball milling and screening, ash frying, cooling and screening on the collected aluminum ash to obtain residual ash;
s2, performing water leaching deamination operation on the residual ash, adding a fluorine fixing agent for reaction, and performing centrifugal dehydration separation after the reaction to obtain waste residues;
step two, mixing raw materials: the raw materials are ground uniformly according to the following mass percentage and mixed: 60% -80% of the waste residues, 10% -20% of cement and 10% -20% of aggregate additives; the aggregate additive is a mixture of crushed stone with the granularity of less than 10mm and one or more than two of waste stone powder, fly ash, coal gangue and silica powder; adding water into the mixed raw materials to carry out stirring operation;
and step three, compression molding: pressing and forming the uniformly mixed materials to obtain a primary blank;
and step four, maintenance: naturally curing the primary blank at a light-proof and water-proof position;
and after the primary blank maintenance is finished, the baking-free brick is prepared.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ball milling and screening step obtains aluminum flakes and a portion of the residual ash, the aluminum flakes are coarse particles with a particle size of 120 meshes or more, the residual ash is fine particles with a particle size of 120 meshes or less, the aluminum flakes are subjected to the ash frying step to obtain molten aluminum and hot aluminum ash, the molten aluminum is cooled and recycled to obtain re-melted aluminum, and the hot aluminum ash is subjected to the cooling and screening step to obtain another portion of the residual ash.
3. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ash frying section is performed in a rotary furnace.
4. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling screening section is carried out in a cooling barrel, the outside of the cooling barrel is cooled by heat exchange in a water spraying manner, and water vapor generated by cooling in the outside of the cooling barrel is intensively discharged by a steam discharge pipe; the rear end of the cooling barrel is provided with a ball milling chamber, and the ball milling chamber is provided with a screening machine of an independent transmission system for screening.
5. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluorine-fixing agent is Ca (OH)2。
6. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement is one of 325# and 425 #.
7. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing of the raw materials in the second step is performed by a stirring system in a fully-automatic brick-making production line, and the press-forming in the third step is performed by a forming system in the fully-automatic brick-making production line.
8. The process for preparing the baking-free brick from the aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the water used in the second step is 10 to 20 percent of the total mass of the waste slag, the cement and the aggregate additive.
9. The process for preparing the baking-free brick from the aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molding pressure of the baking-free brick in the third compression molding is 8 to 25 MPa.
10. The process for preparing baking-free bricks from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the natural curing time in the step four curing is 10-28 days.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112776134A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 南通大学 | Aluminum ash brick preparation method based on aluminum ash brick preparation device |
| CN113213892A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 南通大学 | Method for preparing sintered brick from aluminum ash end ash |
| CN114409365A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-04-29 | 江苏东台超凡创新新材料科技有限公司 | Baking-free brick prepared from aluminum ash and preparation method thereof |
| CN114536511A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 广州派安环保科技有限公司 | Treatment method for recycling secondary aluminum ash |
| CN115382879A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-25 | 贵州星河环境技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for innocent treatment of overhaul residues and fly ash |
| CN115838271A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-03-24 | 深圳市广田科学技术发展研究院 | Aluminum ash harmless treatment and recycling synchronous realization method, and admixture and mortar thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112776134A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 南通大学 | Aluminum ash brick preparation method based on aluminum ash brick preparation device |
| CN113213892A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 南通大学 | Method for preparing sintered brick from aluminum ash end ash |
| CN114536511A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 广州派安环保科技有限公司 | Treatment method for recycling secondary aluminum ash |
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| CN115838271B (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2024-03-26 | 深圳市广田科学技术发展研究院 | Synchronous realization method for innocent treatment and reuse of aluminum ash and admixture and mortar thereof |
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