CN109647853A - A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system and its processing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109647853A CN109647853A CN201811563309.6A CN201811563309A CN109647853A CN 109647853 A CN109647853 A CN 109647853A CN 201811563309 A CN201811563309 A CN 201811563309A CN 109647853 A CN109647853 A CN 109647853A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium
- aluminium ash
- resource utilization
- fluorine
- flotation
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WCQRWCFGZARAMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[F] Chemical compound [F].[F] WCQRWCFGZARAMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 128
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 villaumite Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUPZNKGVDMHMBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;dihydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[OH-].[OH-] WUPZNKGVDMHMBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system and its processing methods.Aluminium ash is carried out METAL EXTRACTION by METAL EXTRACTION system first and obtains bulk aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust by this method；Then Quadratic aluminum dust consolidate into fluorine system system by deamination and carries out deamination, solid fluorine, flotation and dehydration are being carried out by floatation system and dewatering system, by roasting system progress calcination process after dehydration；Respectively obtain ammonia ammonium salt, electrolyte, Nacl and aluminium oxide.Each ingredient in the aluminium ash of recycling can adequately be recycled, carry out complete harmless treatment by the present invention, during processing without the generation of any harmful substance, not will cause the secondary pollution of environment, greatly expand the application range of recycling aluminium ash.It is easy to operate, at low cost, make full use of rate high, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgy of aluminium technical fields.A kind of harmless resource utilization total system more particularly to aluminium ash and
Its processing method.
Background technique
Aluminium ash is the solid waste generated in alumina eltrolysis, casting, processing each stage and secondary aluminium production process.Aluminium ash is
It is put into " National Hazard waste register ", but the resources such as a large amount of aluminium, aluminium oxide, chlorate, electrolyte wherein contained
It is worth with very high recycle.
According to statistics, 1 ton of aluminium can generate the aluminium ash of 10~50Kg during the entire process of processed and applied.Not according to aluminium product
Together, the composition of produced aluminium ash has a greater change, and electrolysis aluminum water directly produces the main composition of the aluminium ash of remelted aluminum ingot generation
In addition to metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide, chlorine in the aluminium ash generated for metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide, villaumite, aluminium nitride and electrolyte etc., aluminium processing
Except salt, aluminium nitride, electrolyte, the substances such as content ratio indefinite ice crystal, various metal oxides, heavy metal are gone back.
There are many methods can effectively recycle the metallic aluminium in aluminium ash at present, and the grey absorption method of such as stir-fry, fascinate rotary kiln
Facture, squeezing absorption method, gravity separation method, electrical concentration, centrifugal process, mechanical picker point-score etc., but recycle two secondary aluminiums after metallic aluminium
Ash is still hazardous waste, is not directly applicable other purposes.
Electrolytic cell is mainly returned to the application of Quadratic aluminum dust at present to recycle, but is only obtained in a small number of aluminium electrolysis enterprises
To application, do not promoted in the whole industry；Also have and Quadratic aluminum dust is used as water purification agent raw material production water purification agent, production process is used greatly
The acid of amount brings a series of new environmental issues while digesting part Quadratic aluminum dust；More research institution have studied with
Aluminium ash is that raw material produces Brown Alundum, aluminium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, calcium aluminate etc., but is limited and turned by Quadratic aluminum dust dangerous waste characteristic
Change process needs the limitation using conditions such as more soda acid, high temperature, is still in laboratory stage, the item without industrialization promotion
Part.
The patent of 106745618 A of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of side using aluminium ash manufacture water purification agent polyaluminium chloride
Method, method by being washed to aluminium ash with hot water, gas recycles and focuses on and proposes the processing of aluminium ash use process exhaust gas, but
It is the free fluorine harmless treatment not proposed in aluminium ash, the utilization of resources is not carried out to components such as villaumite therein, electrolyte；It should
Method uses a large amount of hydrochloric acid, has particular/special requirement to the antiseptic property of device systems, may cause secondary pollution to environment.Publication number
A kind of method for manufacturing production Brown Alundum raw alumina using aluminium ash is disclosed for the patent of 103265273 A of CN, method is logical
It crosses and hot water rinsing is carried out repeatedly to aluminium ash, wash away impurity therein, drying obtains aluminium oxide, for producing Brown Alundum.The party
Method does not propose that the ammonia generated to rinse cycle is collected processing, does not propose to carry out the free fluorine in aluminium ash harmless processing or turn
Change and utilize, also the villaumite in aluminium ash is not recycled, still contains a certain amount of electrolyte in the aluminium oxide after rinsing drying, i.e.,
Most of substance in aluminium ash is discarded as waste material, and the waste of resource is still caused after processing.Publication No. CN
The patent of 103849894 B discloses a kind of aluminium ash recycling treatment system and processing method, and method carries out metal point to aluminium ash
From rear, binder manufacture is added in Quadratic aluminum dust into anode protection ring, realizes aluminium ash recycling in Electrolytic Aluminum System,
Avoiding free fluorine and applying in other field becomes hazardous components.This method is only applicable to the Matter Transfer of field of aluminum electrolysis, limit
Aluminium ash is made in the application of other industry and field, and since (aluminium nitride meets water hydrolysis release ammonia danger to the dangerous waste characteristic of aluminium ash
Evil environment, free fluorine meet water infiltration environment and cause damages) biggish pressure and environmental risk may be brought to storage link.It is open
Number a kind of method of innoxious comprehensive utilization of Quadratic aluminum dust is disclosed for the patent of 107555447 A of CN, method is to Quadratic aluminum dust
Hydrolytic deaminzation recycles ammonia, and has recycled salt-mixture, using calcium Kiev material and sediment roasting manufacture calcium aluminate articles, for refining
Steel smelting agent.
Due to no good industrialized treatment method, it is to be processed that many aluminium enterprises have accumulated a large amount of aluminium ash etc., to life
It produces operating and brings very big pressure.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the present invention is in the presence of the secondary dirt for causing environment when handling in the prior art aluminium ash
It contaminates, bring new environmental problem, the ingredient of processing not exclusively, in aluminium ash, which cannot obtain completely recycling the technologies such as trans-utilization, asks
Topic.
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of harmless resource utilization total system of aluminium ash and its places
Reason method.Physicochemical characteristics of the present invention according to components such as metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide, villaumite, aluminium nitride in aluminium ash, in aluminium ash
Aluminium targetedly harmless processing is carried out to nitride and free fluorine while recycled, and different components is divided
From, collect, purification carry out recycling and reusing, realize the efficient complete recycling and reusing to aluminium ash, expand aluminium ash recycle
Utilization scope.
Processing method of the invention does not add additional soda acid during processing, and valuable component is efficiently separated
Purification, the not generation of the three wastes can be realized no scorification, zero-emission.Obtained final product aluminium oxide eliminates dangerous waste spy
Property, it can be used as raw material and be applied in numerous industries including aluminum electrolysis industry.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions
A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system, the system include that METAL EXTRACTION system (100), deamination consolidate fluorine
System (200), press filteration system (300), floatation system (400), dewatering system (500) and roasting system (600)；Each system is logical
It crosses material conveying pipe or material conveyor belt is connected.
The aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system, the METAL EXTRACTION system (100) include propagandizing hotly to be
It unites (1), cooling system (2), milling system (3) and screening system (4), passes through material conveying pipe or object between each system
Material transmission device is connected；
Preferably, which further includes dust collecting system (5) and ammonia absorption system (201)；The dust collecting system (5) is logical
It crosses gas transmission pipeline to be connected with system of propagandizing hotly (1), the ammonia absorption system (201) is by gas transmission pipeline and takes off
Ammonia consolidates fluorine system system (200) and is connected.
A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method, method includes the following steps:
(1) METAL EXTRACTION
Bulk is obtained by the aluminium ash being collected by propagandizing hotly, cooling down, ball milling, screening using conventional stir-fry ash separation system
Aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust；To the rate of recovery >=90% of metallic aluminium in the step METAL EXTRACTION；
(2) deamination
The Quadratic aluminum dust that step (1) obtains is stirred Leach reaction in hot water, after the reaction was completed, collects generation
Ammonia (is absorbed) using absorption tower, and recycling generates remaining slurry after ammonia；
(3) solid fluorine
Fluorine fixing material is added in step (2) the remaining slurry and is stirred calcium based sorbents, after the completion of calcium based sorbents, into
Row is separated by solid-liquid separation, and obtains filtrate and filter residue；
(4) flotation
The filter residue of step (3) is added in flotation device, and agent for capturing and foaming agent is added, flotation is carried out to filter residue, flotation obtains
The upper layer substance arrived is aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide, and lower layer's substance that flotation obtains is electrolyte；
(5) it roasts
The upper layer substance aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide that step (3) flotation is obtained carry out centrifugal dehydration, and dehydration is placed on back
It is roasted in rotary kiln, obtains anhydrous alumina；The electrolyte returns to electrolytic cell after drying or drying and uses.
Further, the average particle size of step (1) described Quadratic aluminum dust is 200~300 mesh；The Quadratic aluminum dust it is main
Constituent is mainly aluminium oxide 30~60%, villaumite 5~30%, aluminium nitride 10~30%, electrolyte 0~10%, metallic aluminium 5
~15%, heavy metal and heavy metallic oxide 0~5%.
Further, the temperature of hot water is 60~100 when step (2) described Quadratic aluminum dust is stirred immersion in hot water
DEG C, soaking time be 3~8 hours；The mass ratio of the Quadratic aluminum dust and hot water is 1:1~10.The abjection of ammonia in the step
Rate >=90%.
Further, the mass ratio of step (3) fluorine fixing material and fluorine ion in remaining slurry is 1.1~1.3:1；It is described
Calcium based sorbents be under the conditions of 20~100 DEG C reaction be no less than 20min.
Further, the fluorine fixing material is any one of calcium chloride, quick lime, white lime and magnesium chloride or appoints several
Kind；Content≤100mg/L of free fluorine in the obtained filter residue.
Further, the main component of the filter residue is aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, micro calcirm-fluoride and other are insoluble miscellaneous
Matter；The main component of the filtrate is sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion and chloride ion, and filtrate therein can return to hydrolytic deaminzation
It is continued to use in process, it can be by being used as aluminium founding flux after evaporative crystallization, broken ingredient after filtrate reaches saturation state.
Further, agent for capturing described in step (4) is enuatrol or is by enuatrol, chelating agent A and n-octyl alcohol group
The mass ratio of agent for capturing made of conjunction, agent for capturing and filter residue is (1~3): 1000；The foaming agent is terpenic oil, foaming agent
Mass ratio with filter residue is (0.2~1.5): 1000.
Further, the pH value of mixed material is 6.5~9.5 when step (4) described flotation.Flotation agitating mode therein
It can be mechanical agitation type, Gas Stirring formula, the one or more of mechanical Gas Stirring formula.
Further, temperature when step (5) described roasting be 400-600 DEG C, time 30-60min.Gained aluminium oxide
Purity > 90%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following positive beneficial effect
System provided by the invention is simple, safe, easily controllable, pollution-free；This method has carried out innoxious place to aluminium ash
Reason and full constituent resource utilization are thoroughly eliminating aluminium ash dangerous waste characteristic simultaneously, and the ammonia of recycling can be converted into ammonium hydroxide ammonium salt
Making other purposes, (removal efficiency of ammonia reaches 90% or more.), the metallic aluminium of recycling is the basic material of aluminum i ndustry, the chlorine of recycling
Salt and electrolyte are the common materials of electrolytic aluminium and aluminium processing industry, and (purity reaches 90 or more to the aluminium oxide of recycling.) can make
It is raw material in numerous industrial applications such as aluminum smelting technology, refractory material, grinding-material, catalyst；I.e. by simple easily controllable
Removal process recycles to have obtained ammonia ammonium salt, electrolyte, Nacl and aluminium oxide etc., has carried out maximum recycling to aluminium ash
It recycles, has a good application prospect.
The addition that this method farthest avoids soda acid uses, and whole process does not have waste water,waste gas and industrial residue outlet,
Long period, low cost operation conducive to system, system suitability are stronger.
I.e. the present invention each ingredient in the aluminium of recycling ash can adequately be recycled, carry out it is completely innoxious
Processing, the material purity recycled is higher, during processing without the generation of any harmful substance, not will cause environment
Secondary pollution greatly expands the application range of recycling aluminium ash.It is easy to operate, at low cost, make full use of rate high, have and answer well
Use prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system schematic diagrames；
The meaning that symbol indicates in figure are as follows: 100 indicate METAL EXTRACTION system, and 200 expression deaminations consolidate fluorine system system, and 201 indicate
Ammonia absorption system, 300 indicate press filteration system, and 400 indicate floatation system, and 500 indicate dewatering system, and 600 indicate roasting system；
1 indicates to propagandize system hotly, and 2 indicate cooling system, and 3 indicate milling system, and 4 indicate screening system, and 5 indicate dust collecting system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more details below by specific embodiment, but is not intended to restrict the invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system, as shown in Figure 1, the system includes propagandizing system 1, cooling system hotly
System 2, milling system 3, screening system 4, deamination consolidate fluorine system unite 200, press filteration system 300, floatation system 400, dewatering system 500 with
And roasting system 600, it is conveyed by material-transporting system or conveyer belt between each system；
The system further includes dust collecting system 5, and dust collecting system 5 is connected with system of propagandizing hotly 1；The system further includes that ammonia absorbs
System 201, the ammonia absorption system 201 consolidate fluorine system system 200 with deamination by gas transmission pipeline and are connected.
Using the system: collecting the aluminium ash reached and propagandized hotly (the cigarette generated during propagandizing hotly in propagandizing system hotly first
Gas is entered in dust collecting system by gas transmission pipeline and is dusted processing, and the hot fume after dedusting carries out heat recovery),
Aluminium ash after propagandizing hotly enters cooling system and carries out cooling treatment, handles and enters milling system progress ball milling later, after the completion of ball milling
Screening process is carried out into screening system, collects the Quadratic aluminum dust and big aluminium that particle mesh number is 300~500 mesh by screening
Block and aluminum shot；
Obtained Quadratic aluminum dust and deamination are consolidated in fluorine system system and carry out deamination processing first, the ammonia generated during deamination
It is delivered in ammonia absorption system by gas transmission pipeline, remaining material carries out solid fluorine processing；Gu in filters pressing after the completion of fluorine
It is separated by solid-liquid separation in system, the filter residue obtained after separation of solid and liquid is delivered to progress flotation processing, flotation in floatation system and obtains
Upper layer substance aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide and lower layer's substance electrolyte, the aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide that flotation obtains are as dehydration
It is carried out dehydrating in system (centrifuge), the aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide after the completion of being dehydrated in roasting system as being roasted
Processing obtains the aluminium oxide that purity is greater than 90% after the completion of roasting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of one of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method, method includes the following steps:
(1) METAL EXTRACTION
Bulk is obtained by the aluminium ash being collected by propagandizing hotly, cooling down, ball milling, screening using conventional stir-fry ash separation system
Aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust (rate of recovery >=90% of metallic aluminium)；
The average particle size of Quadratic aluminum dust is 200~300 mesh；The main constituents of the Quadratic aluminum dust are mainly aluminium oxide
35%, villaumite 17%, aluminium nitride 30%, electrolyte 3%, metallic aluminium 15%, heavy metal and heavy metallic oxide 0%.
(2) deamination
The Quadratic aluminum dust that step (1) obtains is stirred leaching 8 hours in hot water under the conditions of 50 DEG C, reaction is completed
Afterwards, the ammonia of generation is collected, recycling generates remaining slurry after ammonia；
The mass ratio of the Quadratic aluminum dust and hot water is 1:2；Extrusion rate >=90% of the ammonia；
(3) solid fluorine
Fluorine fixing material calcium chloride is added in step (2) the remaining slurry and is stirred calcium based sorbents, calcium based sorbents are complete
Cheng Hou is separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate and filter residue are obtained；
The mass ratio of fluorine ion is 1.1~1.3:1 in the fluorine fixing material and remaining slurry；The calcium based sorbents are 20
20min is reacted under the conditions of~100 DEG C.
Content≤100mg/L of free fluorine in gained filter residue；The main component of filtrate is sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion
And chloride ion；The main component of the filter residue is aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, micro calcirm-fluoride and other insoluble impurities.Wherein
Filtrate can return in hydrolytic deaminzation process and continue to use, can be by evaporative crystallization, broken after filtrate reaches saturation state
Aluminium founding flux is used as after ingredient；
(4) flotation
The filter residue of step (3) is added in flotation device, and agent for capturing oleic acid and foaming agent terpenic oil is added, filter residue is carried out
Flotation (pH value is 6.5~7), the upper layer substance that flotation obtains is aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide, and lower layer's substance that flotation obtains is
Electrolyte；
(5) it roasts
The upper layer substance that step (4) described flotation obtains is placed in rotary kiln and roasts 60min under the conditions of 400 DEG C, is roasted
It burns down into and obtains anhydrous alumina.Aluminium oxide purity > 90%.
Embodiment 3
The two of a kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method, method includes the following steps:
(1) METAL EXTRACTION
Bulk is obtained by the aluminium ash being collected by propagandizing hotly, cooling down, ball milling, screening using conventional stir-fry ash separation system
Aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust (rate of recovery >=90% of metallic aluminium)；
The average particle size of Quadratic aluminum dust is 200~300 mesh；The main constituents of the Quadratic aluminum dust are mainly aluminium oxide
60%, villaumite 15%, aluminium nitride 14%, electrolyte 5%, metallic aluminium 5%, heavy metal and heavy metallic oxide 1%.
(2) deamination
The Quadratic aluminum dust that step (1) obtains is stirred leaching 4 hours in hot water under the conditions of 80 DEG C, reaction is completed
Afterwards, the ammonia of generation is collected, recycling generates remaining slurry after ammonia；
The mass ratio of the Quadratic aluminum dust and hot water is 1:5；Extrusion rate >=90% of the ammonia；
(3) solid fluorine
Fluorine fixing material calcium chloride is added in step (2) the remaining slurry and is stirred calcium based sorbents, calcium based sorbents are complete
Cheng Hou is separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate and filter residue are obtained；
The mass ratio of fluorine ion is 1.1~1.3:1 in the fluorine fixing material and remaining slurry；The calcium based sorbents are 20
40min is reacted under the conditions of~100 DEG C.
Content≤100mg/L of free fluorine in gained filter residue；The main component of filtrate is sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion
And chloride ion；The main component of the filter residue is aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, micro calcirm-fluoride and other insoluble impurities.Wherein
Filtrate can return in hydrolytic deaminzation process and continue to use, can be by evaporative crystallization, broken after filtrate reaches saturation state
Aluminium founding flux is used as after ingredient；
(4) flotation
The filter residue of step (3) is added in flotation device, and agent for capturing oleic acid and foaming agent terpenic oil is added, filter residue is carried out
Flotation (pH value 9.5), the upper layer substance that flotation obtains are aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide, and lower layer's substance that flotation obtains is electrolysis
Matter；
(5) it roasts
The upper layer substance that step (4) described flotation obtains is placed in rotary kiln and roasts 45min under the conditions of 500 DEG C, is roasted
It burns down into and obtains anhydrous alumina.Aluminium oxide purity > 90%.
Embodiment 4
The three of a kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method, method includes the following steps:
(1) METAL EXTRACTION
Bulk is obtained by the aluminium ash being collected by propagandizing hotly, cooling down, ball milling, screening using conventional stir-fry ash separation system
Aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust (rate of recovery >=90% of metallic aluminium)；
The average particle size of Quadratic aluminum dust is 200~300 mesh；The main constituents of the Quadratic aluminum dust are mainly aluminium oxide
40%, villaumite 20%, aluminium nitride 23%, electrolyte 9%, metallic aluminium 8%, heavy metal and heavy metallic oxide 0%.
(2) deamination
The Quadratic aluminum dust that step (1) obtains is stirred leaching 3.5 hours in hot water under the conditions of 90 DEG C, reaction is completed
Afterwards, the ammonia of generation is collected, recycling generates remaining slurry after ammonia；
The mass ratio of the Quadratic aluminum dust and hot water is 1:10；Extrusion rate >=90% of the ammonia；
(3) solid fluorine
Fluorine fixing material calcium chloride is added in step (2) the remaining slurry and is stirred calcium based sorbents, calcium based sorbents are complete
Cheng Hou is separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate and filter residue are obtained；
The mass ratio of fluorine ion is 1.1~1.3:1 in the fluorine fixing material and remaining slurry；The calcium based sorbents are 20
30min is reacted under the conditions of~100 DEG C.
Content≤100mg/L of free fluorine in gained filter residue；The main component of filtrate is sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion
And chloride ion；The main component of the filter residue is aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, micro calcirm-fluoride and other insoluble impurities.Wherein
Filtrate can return in hydrolytic deaminzation process and continue to use, can be by evaporative crystallization, broken after filtrate reaches saturation state
Aluminium founding flux is used as after ingredient；
(4) flotation
The filter residue of step (3) is added in flotation device, and agent for capturing oleic acid and foaming agent terpenic oil is added, filter residue is carried out
Flotation (pH value 8), the upper layer substance that flotation obtains are aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide, and lower layer's substance that flotation obtains is calcirm-fluoride
And electrolyte；
(5) it roasts
The upper layer substance that step (4) described flotation obtains is placed in rotary kiln and roasts 30min under the conditions of 600 DEG C, is roasted
It burns down into and obtains anhydrous alumina.Aluminium oxide purity > 90%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system, which is characterized in that the system includes METAL EXTRACTION system
(100), deamination consolidates fluorine system system (200), press filteration system (300), floatation system (400), dewatering system (500) and roasting system
(600)；Each system is connected by material conveying pipe or material conveyor belt.
2. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal mentions
Taking system (100) includes propagandizing system (1), cooling system (2), milling system (3) and screening system (4) hotly, between each system
It is connected by material conveying pipe or material conveying device；
Preferably, which further includes dust collecting system (5) and ammonia absorption system (201)；The dust collecting system (5) passes through gas
Body conveyance conduit is connected with system of propagandizing hotly (1), and the ammonia absorption system (201) is solid by gas transmission pipeline and deamination
Fluorine system system (200) is connected.
3. a kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
(1) METAL EXTRACTION
By the aluminium ash being collected by propagandizing hotly, cooling down, ball milling, screening, bulk aluminium, aluminum shot and Quadratic aluminum dust are obtained；
(2) deamination
The Quadratic aluminum dust that step (1) obtains is stirred Leach reaction in hot water, after the reaction was completed, collects the ammonia of generation
Gas, recycling generate remaining slurry after ammonia；
(3) solid fluorine
Fluorine fixing material is added in step (2) the remaining slurry and is stirred calcium based sorbents, after the completion of calcium based sorbents, consolidate
Liquid separation, obtains filtrate and filter residue；
(4) flotation
The filter residue of step (3) is added in flotation device, and agent for capturing and foaming agent is added, flotation is carried out to filter residue, what flotation obtained
Upper layer substance is aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide, and lower layer's substance that flotation obtains is electrolyte；
(5) it roasts
The upper layer substance aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide that step (3) flotation is obtained carry out centrifugal dehydration, and dehydration is placed on rotary kiln
In roasted, obtain anhydrous alumina；The electrolyte returns to electrolytic cell after drying or drying and uses.
4. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (1) described two
The average particle size of secondary aluminium ash is 200~300 mesh；The constituent of the Quadratic aluminum dust is mainly aluminium oxide 30~60%, villaumite 5
~30%, aluminium nitride 10~30%, electrolyte 0~10%, metallic aluminium 5~15%, heavy metal and heavy metallic oxide 0~5%.
5. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (2) described two
The temperature of hot water is 60~100 DEG C when secondary aluminium ash is stirred leaching in hot water, soaking time is 3~8 hours；It is described secondary
The mass ratio of aluminium ash and hot water is 1:1~10.
6. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (3) is described solid
The mass ratio of fluorine ion is 1.1~1.3:1 in fluorine agent and remaining slurry；The calcium based sorbents are under the conditions of 20~100 DEG C
Reaction is no less than 20min.
7. according to the aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method of claim 3 or 6, which is characterized in that the solid fluorine
Agent is any one of calcium chloride, quick lime, white lime and magnesium chloride or appoints several；
Preferably, content≤100mg/L of free fluorine in the filter residue obtained described in step (3).
8. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described in step (4)
Agent for capturing is enuatrol or the agent for capturing to be composed of enuatrol, chelating agent A and n-octyl alcohol, the matter of agent for capturing and filter residue
Amount is than being (1~3): 1000；The foaming agent is terpenic oil, and the mass ratio of foaming agent and filter residue is (0.2~1.5): 1000.
9. according to the aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method of claim 3 or 8, which is characterized in that when the flotation
The pH value of mixed material is 6.5~9.5.
10. aluminium ash harmless resource utilization integrated conduct method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (5) described roasting
Temperature when burning is 400-600 DEG C, time 30-60min.
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| CN115849875A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Harmless treatment and full-component utilization method for secondary aluminum ash |
| CN115849875B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2024-05-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Secondary aluminum ash innocent treatment and full component utilization method |
| CN115770779A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-10 | 常州德帝士环保科技有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization method of aluminum ash and dust removal ash water elution salt |
| CN116764618A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-09-19 | 福建明瑞科维新材料科技有限公司 | Catalyst for promoting reaction of aluminum nitride and water and preparation method thereof |
| CN116871302A (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-10-13 | 佛山市量汇环保科技有限公司 | Treatment process of hazardous waste aluminum ash |
| CN117305592A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-12-29 | 永新县稀贵矿业冶化有限责任公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from vanadium-containing alkaline residue and synergistic harmless utilization of vanadium-containing alkaline residue and secondary aluminum ash |
| CN117305592B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-06-28 | 永新县稀贵矿业冶化有限责任公司 | Method for extracting vanadium from vanadium-containing alkaline residue and synergistic harmless utilization of vanadium-containing alkaline residue and secondary aluminum ash |
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