CN110548753A - Efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method - Google Patents
Efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110548753A CN110548753A CN201910938317.2A CN201910938317A CN110548753A CN 110548753 A CN110548753 A CN 110548753A CN 201910938317 A CN201910938317 A CN 201910938317A CN 110548753 A CN110548753 A CN 110548753A
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- aluminum ash
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Abstract
the invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, and discloses a high-efficiency clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method. Dust generated in the roasting process is captured by the dust removal device, and the flue gas filtered after dust removal is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration and then is discharged after reaching the standard. The trapped dust is dissolved in water and then subjected to evaporative crystallization to obtain a crystalline salt. The method can treat the secondary aluminum ash cleanly, safely and efficiently, has the characteristics of simple process flow and low energy consumption, can realize high-value resource utilization of the secondary aluminum ash, and has strong market adaptability and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method.
Background
The aluminum ash is generated in the process of melting all aluminum in the industries of electrolytic aluminum, cast aluminum and regenerated aluminum, the quantity of industrial aluminum ash generated in the aluminum industry of China per year exceeds 200 million tons, the aluminum ash comprises primary aluminum ash and secondary aluminum ash according to the using times of the aluminum ash in the recycling process and the content of metal aluminum, the primary aluminum ash is mainly formed by mixing aluminum and aluminum oxide, the content of the metal aluminum is generally between 30% and 70%, the recycling value is high, the recycling is common, the main recycling process comprises a fried ash recycling method, a plasma fast melting method, a pressing recycling method and the like, the recycling rate can reach more than 70%, the secondary aluminum ash is aluminum-containing solid waste obtained after most of the metal aluminum is recycled from the primary aluminum ash and contains 5% to 30% of the metal aluminum, but because a certain amount of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide active components, oxides such as Si, Mg, Fe and the like, chlorides such as K, Na and the like, Na 3 AlF 6, AlF 3, NaF and other trace fluorides and trace of water and active components such as aluminum nitride, water, can react to generate toxic gas, so that the secondary aluminum ash can be generated by a sustainable, the secondary pollution is caused by the sustainable and the secondary pollution of toxic and the secondary water pollution of enterprises.
Patent CN 105271327 a discloses a method for harmless treatment and recycling of aluminum ash, which adopts water washing for denitrification, dechlorination, roasting for defluorination, alkali fusion sintering, and leaching out of sintering material for impurity removal as raw material for preparing sandy alumina. The method can reduce the content of nitrogen, chlorine and fluorine in the aluminum ash to the requirement of bauxite, the dissolution rate of aluminum in the aluminum ash is more than 97 percent, but the method has the defects of long washing time, large water consumption, long process flow, large energy consumption, ineffective treatment of the generated red mud and the like.
Patent CN 104988313 a discloses a method for separating fluorine, chlorine and nitride from aluminum ash by vacuum metallurgy, which adopts vacuum heating sublimation-condensation method to separate aluminum ash, and can obtain different kinds of products, but the method has the disadvantages of strict requirements on process conditions, low purity of separated products, and the like.
Patent CN 109179464A discloses a method for efficiently, cleanly and resourcefully utilizing secondary aluminum ash, which comprises the steps of roasting at low temperature to remove nitrogen, carbon and fluorine, washing with water to remove soluble salts such as potassium, sodium and the like, and preparing an aluminum-based inorganic material from the purified secondary aluminum ash and other raw materials at high temperature. However, the method has the defects of long low-temperature roasting time, large water consumption of washing, large energy consumption of high-temperature sintering and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a high-efficiency clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
A high-efficiency clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method, which comprises the following steps,
S1, adding a defluorinating agent and a heavy metal remover into the secondary aluminum ash, grinding and homogenizing to obtain homogenized aluminum ash;
s2, roasting the homogenized aluminum ash obtained in the step S1 at a high temperature;
s3, obtaining the clinker which is high-alumina inorganic material after roasting.
Preferably, the defluorinating agent in the step S1 is one or more of aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3), aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate (Al 2 (SO 4) 3, 18H 2 O), alunite, kaolin, bauxite and aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl 3, 6H 2 O), and the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the defluorinating agent is 1: 0.05-0.8.
Preferably, the heavy metal remover in step S1 is one or more of calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, solid carbon, and sulfur; the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the heavy metal removal agent is 1: 0.03-0.2.
Preferably, the roasting temperature in the step S2 is 600-1200 ℃, and the roasting time is 20-120 min.
preferably, the flue gas discharged in the high-temperature roasting process is dedusted by a dedusting device, and then is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration to reach the standard and be discharged; the dust removal device is one of an electric dust remover, a bag-type dust remover and a metal film dust remover.
Preferably, the dust collected by the dust removal device is recycled and then dissolved in water to obtain a salt solution, and the salt solution is evaporated and crystallized to obtain crystallized salt.
Preferably, the equipment used in the milling and homogenizing process in the step S1 is one of a rod mill, a disc mill, a ball mill and an autogenous mill.
Preferably, the high-temperature roasting equipment adopts one of a rotary hearth furnace, a pusher kiln, a rotary kiln, a tunnel kiln and a steel belt kiln.
Preferably, the high-alumina inorganic material obtained in step S3 can be used for preparing aluminate materials, high-alumina refractory materials and Sialon materials.
The invention has the following function principle:
In the invention, the secondary aluminum ash is added with the defluorinating agent and the heavy metal removing agent, then is ground and homogenized, and then is roasted at high temperature, and finally, the clinker obtained after roasting is a high-aluminum inorganic material. And in the roasting process, dust generated in the roasting process is captured by the dust removal device, and the flue gas filtered after dust removal is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration and then is discharged after reaching the standard. The trapped dust is dissolved in water and then subjected to evaporative crystallization to obtain a crystalline salt.
the whole process is simple and efficient to operate, and the removal of fluorine, nitrogen and heavy metals in the secondary aluminum ash and the recovery of salt are realized. The aluminum ash is roasted for the second time to obtain the aluminum-based inorganic material with the alumina content of 70-95 percent and other components of silicon dioxide, magnesium aluminate spinel and the like, the aluminum-based inorganic material is a high-aluminum inorganic material with less impurity content and removed toxic substances, and the aluminum-based inorganic material can be used for preparing various aluminate materials, high-aluminum refractory materials, Sialon materials and the like.
The addition of the defluorinating agent can accelerate the reaction rate of converting solid fluoride contained in the secondary aluminum ash into gaseous fluoride in the roasting process, improve the defluorinating efficiency, convert heavy metal elements contained in the secondary aluminum ash in the roasting process into low-melting-point gaseous compounds to separate the compounds from the secondary aluminum ash, convert AlN into Al 2 O 3 and N 2 in the roasting process, discharge the N 2 into the atmosphere along with kiln tail flue gas, dissolve dust collected by a dust collector in water and then evaporate and crystallize to obtain crystal salt, wherein the main component of the crystal salt is a salt mixture of soluble sodium chloride, potassium chloride and the like in the secondary aluminum ash, and the crystal salt is a main component of the aluminum smelting slag-removing agent and can be reused for the production of the aluminum smelting slag-removing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The removal of fluorine, nitrogen and soluble salt in the secondary aluminum ash is completed in one step by roasting, and compared with treatment methods such as roasting defluorination and denitrification humidification water washing desalination, wet water washing desalination and defluorination and roasting denitrification, the treatment efficiency is higher;
2. Fluorine, nitrogen and soluble salt in the secondary aluminum ash are removed through roasting, and most heavy metal elements in the secondary aluminum ash can be removed, so that the resource utilization range is wider;
3. The removal of nitrogen in the secondary aluminum ash is completed by roasting, compared with wet denitrification, the denitrification efficiency is higher, the potential safety hazard caused by ammonia gas generated by direct wet treatment and the pollution to the environment and the difficult problem of waste gas purification treatment caused by ammonia escape are avoided, and the treatment method is cleaner and more environment-friendly;
4. The high-aluminum inorganic material obtained by performing harmless treatment on the secondary aluminum ash can be directly used as a raw material in industries such as refractory materials, cement, water treatment agents and the like, and high-value resource utilization of the secondary aluminum ash is realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
The fluorescence analysis composition of the secondary aluminum ash treated in this example is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 ingredient Table for secondary aluminum ash fluorescence analysis treated in example 1
The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method comprises the following steps
s1, grinding and homogenizing, namely adding a defluorinating agent and a heavy metal removing agent into the secondary aluminum ash, and then grinding and homogenizing by using a rod mill to obtain homogenized aluminum ash, wherein the defluorinating agent is aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3), the heavy metal removing agent is sodium chloride, and the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the defluorinating agent to the heavy metal removing agent is 1: 0.05: 0.2;
S2, high-temperature roasting: roasting the homogenized aluminum ash obtained in the step S1 at a high temperature by using a rotary hearth furnace; the roasting temperature is 750 ℃, the roasting time is 100min, and the clinker obtained after roasting is a high-alumina inorganic material; the high-alumina inorganic material can be used for preparing aluminate materials, high-alumina refractory materials and Sialon materials.
s3, gas purification: the flue gas discharged in the high-temperature roasting process is dedusted by a metal film deduster, and then is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration to reach the standard and be discharged.
S4, recovering crystalline salt: recovering dust collected by the dust collector, putting the dust into water, stirring and fully dissolving the dust, and carrying out evaporative crystallization treatment on the obtained salt solution to obtain crystallized salt; the crystallized salt is used for producing the aluminum smelting slag-removing agent;
The main indexes of the high-alumina inorganic material prepared by treating the secondary aluminum ash of the embodiment are Al 2 O 3:78.69%, SiO 2:5.33%, AlN 0.15%, MgO 1.52%, Fe 2 O 3:3.13%, NaCl 0.25%, KCl <0.12%, F0.18%, Zn 0.0062%, Cu 0.0226%, Cr 0.0155%, Pb 0.0007%, and leachable fluorine 17.13mg/L, which is lower than the requirement of 100mg/L specified in hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification.
Example 2
The fluorescence analysis composition of the secondary aluminum ash treated in this example is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 ingredient Table for secondary aluminum ash fluorescence analysis treated in example 2
The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding and homogenizing: adding a defluorinating agent and a heavy metal removing agent into the secondary aluminum ash, and then grinding and homogenizing by using a disc mill to obtain homogenized aluminum ash;
the defluorination agent is a mixture of kaolin and bauxite, and the mass ratio of the kaolin to the bauxite is 1: 1; the heavy metal remover is a mixture of calcium chloride and sodium chloride, and the mass ratio of solid carbon to calcium chloride is 1: 2; the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the defluorinating agent to the heavy metal removing agent is 1: 0.2: 0.08;
s2, high-temperature roasting: roasting the homogenized aluminum ash obtained in the step S1 at a high temperature by using a rotary hearth furnace; the roasting temperature is 860 ℃, the roasting time is 50min, and the clinker obtained after roasting is a high-alumina inorganic material; the high-alumina inorganic material can be used for preparing aluminate materials, high-alumina refractory materials and Sialon materials.
S3, gas purification: the flue gas discharged in the high-temperature roasting process is dedusted by a bag type deduster, and then is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration to reach the standard and be discharged.
S4, recovering crystalline salt: putting the dust collected by the dust collector into water, stirring and fully dissolving the dust, and carrying out evaporative crystallization treatment on the obtained salt solution to obtain crystallized salt; the crystallized salt is used for producing the aluminum smelting slag-removing agent;
The main indexes of the high-alumina inorganic material prepared by treating the secondary aluminum ash in the embodiment are Al 2 O 3:86.72%, SiO 2:3.16%, AlN 0.17%, MgO 1.60%, Fe 2 O 3:2.48%, NaCl 0.18%, KCl 0.08%, F0.16%, Zn 0.0030%, Cu 0.0093%, Cr 0.0181%, Pb 0.0088%, and leachable fluorine 10.45mg/L, which is lower than the requirement of 100mg/L specified in hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification.
example 3
the fluorescence analysis composition of the secondary aluminum ash treated in this example is shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 ingredient Table for secondary aluminum ash fluorescence analysis treated in example 3
The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method comprises the following steps:
S1, grinding and homogenizing: adding a defluorinating agent and a heavy metal removing agent into the secondary aluminum ash, and then grinding and homogenizing by using a ball mill to obtain homogenized aluminum ash;
The defluorination agent is aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl 3, 6H 2 O), the heavy metal removal agent is sodium chloride, and the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash, the defluorination agent and the heavy metal removal agent is 1: 0.35: 0.03;
S2, high-temperature roasting: roasting the homogenized secondary aluminum ash obtained in the step S1 at high temperature by using a tunnel kiln; the roasting temperature is 1100 ℃, the roasting time is 20min, and the clinker obtained after roasting is a high-alumina inorganic material; the high-alumina inorganic material can be used for preparing aluminate materials, high-alumina refractory materials and Sialon materials.
S3, gas purification: the flue gas discharged in the high-temperature roasting process is dedusted by an electric precipitator, and then is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration to reach the standard and be discharged.
S4, recovering crystalline salt: putting the dust collected by the dust collector into water, stirring and fully dissolving the dust, and carrying out evaporative crystallization treatment on the obtained salt solution to obtain crystallized salt; the crystallized salt is used for producing the aluminum smelting slag-removing agent;
The main indexes of the high-alumina inorganic material prepared by treating the secondary aluminum ash in the embodiment are Al 2 O 3:79.56%, SiO 2:5.08%, AlN:0.14%, MgO:1.69%, Fe 2 O 3:3.76%, NaCl:0.11%, KCl: 0.05%, F: 0.17%, Zn: 0.0069%, Cu: 0.0077%, Cr: 0.0034%, Pb: 0.0041%, and leachable fluorine is 9.68mg/L, which is lower than the requirement of 100mg/L specified in hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification.
The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention, unless they depart from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
S1, adding a defluorinating agent and a heavy metal remover into the secondary aluminum ash, grinding and homogenizing to obtain homogenized aluminum ash;
S2, roasting the homogenized aluminum ash obtained in the step S1 at a high temperature;
s3, obtaining the clinker which is high-alumina inorganic material after roasting.
2. The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the defluorinating agent in the step S1 is one or more of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, alunite, kaolin, bauxite and aluminum chloride hexahydrate; the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the defluorinating agent is 1: 0.05-0.8.
3. the efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heavy metal removing agent in the step S1 is one or more of calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, solid carbon and sulfur; the mass ratio of the secondary aluminum ash to the heavy metal removal agent is 1: 0.03-0.2.
4. The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roasting temperature of the step S2 is 600-1200 ℃, and the roasting time is 20-120 min.
5. the efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flue gas discharged in the high-temperature roasting process is dedusted by a dedusting device, and then is subjected to wet absorption defluorination and ozone denitration and then is discharged after reaching the standard; the dust removal device is one of an electric dust remover, a bag-type dust remover and a metal film dust remover.
6. the efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 5, characterized in that: and recovering the dust collected by the dust removal device, and then placing the dust in water for dissolution to obtain a salt solution for evaporation crystallization treatment to obtain crystallized salt.
7. the efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device adopted in the grinding and homogenizing process in the step S1 is one of a rod mill, a disc mill, a ball mill and an autogenous mill.
8. The efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature roasting equipment adopts one of a rotary hearth furnace, a pushed slab kiln, a rotary kiln, a tunnel kiln and a steel belt kiln.
9. the efficient cleaning secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the high-alumina inorganic material obtained in the step S3 can be used for preparing aluminate materials, high-alumina refractory materials and Sialon materials.
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| CN113443643A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for cooperatively treating aluminum ash, carbon slag and desulfurized gypsum slag |
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| CN113443643A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for cooperatively treating aluminum ash, carbon slag and desulfurized gypsum slag |
| CN113443643B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-04-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for cooperatively treating aluminum ash, carbon slag and desulfurized gypsum slag |
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| CN114534160A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 广州派安环保科技有限公司 | Secondary aluminum ash recycling treatment agent and application method thereof |
| CN114536511A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 广州派安环保科技有限公司 | Treatment method for recycling secondary aluminum ash |
| CN115947611A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-04-11 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing refractory material from secondary aluminum ash |
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