CN116764618A - Catalyst for promoting reaction of aluminum nitride and water and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Catalyst for promoting reaction of aluminum nitride and water and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116764618A CN116764618A CN202310738132.3A CN202310738132A CN116764618A CN 116764618 A CN116764618 A CN 116764618A CN 202310738132 A CN202310738132 A CN 202310738132A CN 116764618 A CN116764618 A CN 116764618A
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- aluminum
- aluminum ash
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009993 causticizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application belongs to the field of aluminum ash recycling, and particularly provides a catalyst for promoting aluminum nitride and water reaction, which consists of heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 10:1, further, a treatment method of aluminum ash is provided, firstly, the aluminum ash is vibrated in a 20-mesh vibrating screen, the oversize material is mainly granular raw aluminum blocks, and the undersize material is secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; the method reduces the cost, enables the reutilization of waste residues to be possible in industrial practice, and further enables the most difficult-to-treat aluminum nitride to be fully recycled through the addition of a specific mixed catalyst, so that the required ammonia gas is obtained, and the recycling of aluminum and aluminum oxide is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a catalyst for promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride and water and a preparation method thereof, and further relates to the field of recycling treatment of aluminum ash.
Background
In recent years, the aluminum production capacity and the output of China are greatly increased, along with the rapid development of the aluminum industry, the output of aluminum ash is more and more, the output of aluminum oxide in China reaches 8186.2 ten thousand tons in 2022 years, the aluminum ash is produced to be more than 450 ten thousand tons, and the aluminum ash is taken as a byproduct, so that not only is the serious waste of resources caused, but also the environment is damaged if the aluminum ash is directly buried, and the environment is polluted. Therefore, how to reasonably recycle the aluminum ash is a problem to be solved. The main components of the aluminum ash except aluminum are Al2O3 and AlN, and the production amount of the aluminum ash is related to the components of waste aluminum, smelting technology, the components and the quantity of additives, smelting temperature and the like, and is also related to the operation technology of workers. Generally, the higher the degree of oxidation of the scrap aluminum, the larger the surface area of the crushed aluminum material, and the more inclusions, the greater the amount of aluminum ash produced.
In the prior art, various aluminum ash residues are recycled, but the recycling cost is too high and the treatment process cost is difficult to cover because of the fact that the recycling cost is not enough.
The patent application of application number 201510625455.7 discloses an aluminum ash recycling process, which comprises the steps of carrying out size mixing pretreatment on aluminum ash and water, then adding pretreated aluminum ash slurry into a pressurized reaction kettle for pressurized water leaching, carrying out pressurized water leaching to obtain leaching slag containing aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide with chlorine content lower than 0.01 and leaching liquid containing chlorine salt, evaporating, crystallizing and concentrating the leaching liquid containing chlorine salt to obtain a covering agent for aluminum alloy casting or carrying out defluorination and then evaporating, crystallizing and concentrating to obtain industrial salt, and roasting the leaching slag of the pressurized water at a high temperature (the temperature of 400-1200 ℃) to obtain aluminum oxide which can be returned to an electrolytic tank or used as brown alumina raw materials. The method directly carries out wet treatment on the aluminum ash, does not classify the aluminum ash, has high cost, can only carry out reaction research on a laboratory level, and has no actual industrialization prospect.
Application number 201611266169.7 discloses a method for innocent treatment of aluminum ash, which comprises the following steps: 1) Taking aluminum ash to be treated, placing the aluminum ash into a ball mill, and performing ball milling, wherein metal aluminum in the aluminum ash is flattened to form flat aluminum; sieving, and separating flat aluminum from aluminum ash to obtain first aluminum ash; 2) Placing a first aluminum ash in a first container, wherein the first container is provided with an exhaust port; adding a first part of water into a first container, stirring, reacting aluminum nitride in the first aluminum ash with water to generate ammonia gas and aluminum hydroxide, and discharging the ammonia gas through an exhaust port; after the ammonia gas is discharged, the remaining materials in the first container are recorded as first materials; 3) Taking a first material, carrying out iron removal operation, and marking the first material after iron removal as a second material; 4) And (3) carrying out centrifugal dehydration operation on the second material, and then drying to obtain a mixture containing the oxygen. The method can safely remove harmful substances and inflammable and explosive substances in the aluminum ash under the condition of no heating, so that the aluminum ash is harmless and recycled. However, this method firstly ball-mills the aluminum ash, which is very costly in nature, and then directly reacts the aluminum nitride with water, which is slow in the reaction process and unfavorable for the recovery of ammonia gas.
Although there are various recovery techniques of aluminum ash in the prior art, some factories directly add aluminum ash to an electrolytic cell as an electrolytic raw material, the presence of AlN causes problems such as generation of impurities, and generation of caking. Some factories are related to roasting preparation of aluminum ash, and little research on promotion of reaction of AlN and water in the prior art is available, and no low-cost and high-efficiency process method exists. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method capable of easily and effectively classifying aluminum ash and promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride with water.
Disclosure of Invention
The application relates to a catalyst for promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride and water, which is prepared from heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 10:1.
a preparation method for preparing a catalyst for promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride and water, wherein solid barium hydroxide is obtained by a saturated solution two-stage drying preparation method, and solid sodium hydroxide is obtained by a causticizing method.
A method for treating aluminum ash is characterized in that firstly, aluminum ash is subjected to vibration screening in a 20-mesh vibration screening machine, the oversize material is granular raw aluminum blocks, and the undersize material is secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; then screening the secondary aluminum ash by a 350-mesh screening machine, wherein the oversize product is large granular block matters rich in AlN, and the undersize product is tertiary aluminum ash;
the main components of the large-particle block rich in AlN comprise 33-36% of Al2O3, 42-48% of AlN, 4-6% of Al and the balance of impurities, the large-particle block rich in AlN is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:5-1:7, 4-5% by weight of the catalyst accounting for the weight of the large-particle block rich in AlN is added at normal temperature, and the composition of the catalyst is heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, wherein the mass ratio is 10:1, a step of; heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3.5-4 hours, absorbing the obtained ammonia gas, separating the residual product, wherein the residual aluminum nitride content is less than or equal to 0.5 wt%.
The method is characterized in that firstly, the aluminum ash is classified and treated in a physical separation mode, aluminum ash slag which is a raw material produced by a Zhongwang aluminum factory is used, the aluminum ash slag is less in slag inclusion and high in aluminum content, firstly, the aluminum ash slag is subjected to vibration screening in a 20-mesh vibration screening machine, oversize materials are basically granular raw aluminum blocks, and undersize materials are secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; alN is usually present in the form of large-particle blocks, and then the secondary aluminum ash is screened by a 350-mesh screening machine, the oversize product is large-particle blocks rich in AlN, and the undersize product is tertiary aluminum ash;
the main components of the large-particle block rich in AlN comprise 33-36% of Al2O3, 42-48% of AlN, 4-6% of Al and the balance of impurities, the large-particle block rich in AlN is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:5-1:7, 4-5% of the mixed catalyst is added at normal temperature, the mixed catalyst comprises heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio is 10:1, a step of; heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3.5-4.0 hours, absorbing the obtained ammonia gas, separating the residual product, and keeping the content of the residual aluminum nitride to be less than or equal to 0.5%wt.
Wherein, the ammonia gas can be recovered by dilute sulfuric acid absorption.
Wherein, the granular raw aluminum blocks can be added into the electrolytic aluminum tank again for recycling.
Wherein, the tertiary aluminum ash can be calcined to recover aluminum oxide.
According to the application, the step of preliminary separation of the aluminum ash and the corresponding parameters are obtained through multiple tests, so that the cost is greatly reduced, the reutilization of the waste slag becomes possible to be industrially practically used, and the most difficult-to-treat aluminum nitride is fully recycled through the addition of a specific mixed catalyst, so that the required ammonia gas is obtained, and the reutilization of aluminum and aluminum oxide is not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 influence of catalyst proportions on the reaction
FIG. 2 influence of catalyst usage on recovery of aluminum nitride
FIG. 3 influence of reaction time on recovery of aluminum nitride
Detailed Description
The aluminum ash used in the present application is also called aluminum ash, which generally refers to solid matters containing metallic aluminum and other components generated in the production of the electrolytic aluminum industry. The aluminum ash used in the application is produced by a Zhongwang aluminum factory, and has less slag inclusion and higher aluminum content.
Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the catalytic action of heterogeneous barium hydroxide requires a specific amount of homogeneous sodium hydroxide to be activated cooperatively, so that the highest AlN recovery rate can be achieved under the same conditions.
Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the catalyst is most efficient at a ratio of more than 4wt% of aluminum ash (the AlN-rich large particulate cake), preferably 4-5%.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the AlN recovery rate is good when the reaction time is 3.5 hours or longer, preferably 3.5 to 4 hours.
Example 1
Firstly, classifying the aluminum ash by a physical separation mode, firstly, vibrating and screening the aluminum ash in a 20-mesh vibrating screen machine, wherein the oversize product is granular raw aluminum blocks, and the undersize product is secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; the AlN exists in a large particle block shape, then the secondary aluminum ash is screened by a 350-mesh screening machine, the oversize product is the large particle block shape rich in AlN, and the undersize product is the tertiary aluminum ash;
the large-particle block containing AlN comprises 35% of Al2O3, 48% of AlN, 4% of Al and the balance of impurities, the large-particle block containing AlN is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:7, and the mixed catalyst accounting for 5% by weight of the large-particle block containing AlN is added, wherein the mixed catalyst comprises heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio of the mixed catalyst is 10:1, a step of; the reaction was heated to 60℃for 3.9 hours, the ammonia gas obtained was absorbed, the remaining product was separated, and the remaining alumina was tested at 0.4% wt.
Example 2
Firstly, classifying the aluminum ash by a physical separation mode, firstly, vibrating and screening the aluminum ash in a 20-mesh vibrating screen machine, wherein the oversize product is granular raw aluminum blocks, and the undersize product is secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; the AlN exists in a large particle block shape, then the secondary aluminum ash is screened by a 350-mesh screening machine, the oversize product is the large particle block shape rich in AlN, and the undersize product is the tertiary aluminum ash;
the large-particle block containing AlN comprises 33% of Al2O3, 43% of AlN, 5% of Al and the balance of impurities, the large-particle block containing AlN is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:5, and the mixed catalyst accounting for 4% by weight of the large-particle block containing AlN is added, wherein the mixed catalyst comprises heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio of the mixed catalyst is 10:1, a step of; the reaction was heated to 56℃for 3.6 hours, the ammonia gas obtained was absorbed, the remaining product was separated, and the remaining alumina was tested at 0.5% wt.
According to the application, the forms of all the components of the aluminum ash are determined by a vibration sieve method according to production practice through continuous analysis, test and experiment, so that the coarse sieve can greatly reduce cost, changes ammonia gas harmful to the environment into treasures according to different treatment modes of the components with different contents, successfully recovers the ammonia gas, and classifies and recovers aluminum and aluminum oxide.
According to the application, by mixing and adding heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, water is activated, and the reaction of aluminum nitride and water is greatly promoted by participating in catalysis, so that the reaction efficiency is improved, and the reaction time is shortened.
Other specific implementation parameters of the application are possible, and all technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The aluminum ash treatment method is characterized in that firstly, the aluminum ash is subjected to vibration screening in a 20-mesh vibration screening machine, the oversize product mainly comprises granular raw aluminum blocks, and the undersize product is secondary aluminum ash rich in AlN; then screening the secondary aluminum ash by a 350-mesh screening machine, wherein the oversize product is large granular block matters rich in AlN, and the undersize product is tertiary aluminum ash;
the main components of the large-particle block rich in AlN comprise 33-36% of Al2O3, 42-48% of AlN, 4-6% of Al and the balance of impurities, the large-particle block rich in AlN is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:5-1:7, and a catalyst accounting for 4-5% by weight of the large-particle block rich in AlN is added, wherein the catalyst comprises heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio is 10:1, a step of; heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3.5-4 hours, absorbing the obtained ammonia gas, separating the residual product, wherein the residual aluminum nitride content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
2. The method for treating aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein ammonia gas is recovered by absorption with dilute sulfuric acid.
3. The method for treating aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the granular raw aluminum blocks can be recycled by re-feeding them into the electrolytic aluminum tank.
4. The method for treating aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary aluminum ash is calcined to recover aluminum oxide.
5. A catalyst for promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride and water, which is used in the treatment method of aluminum ash according to claim 1, and consists of heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 10:1.
6. a process for preparing a catalyst for promoting a reaction of aluminum nitride with water as claimed in claim 5, wherein the catalyst is obtained by mixing solid barium hydroxide obtained by a saturated solution two-stage drying process with solid sodium hydroxide obtained by a causticizing process.
7. Use of a catalyst for promoting the reaction of aluminum nitride and water, which is used in the treatment method of aluminum ash according to claim 1, and consists of heterogeneous barium hydroxide and homogeneous sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 10:1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310738132.3A CN116764618A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Catalyst for promoting reaction of aluminum nitride and water and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202310738132.3A CN116764618A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Catalyst for promoting reaction of aluminum nitride and water and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106629774A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山市吉力达铝材科技有限公司 | Method for harmlessly treating aluminum ash |
| CN109647853A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 郑州鸿跃环保科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system and its processing method |
| CN111874931A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-03 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Harmless treatment process for secondary aluminum ash |
| CN112340759A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-09 | 斯瑞尔环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing polyaluminum chloride and recovering silicon simple substance by using secondary aluminum ash |
| CN113385163A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 西南林业大学 | Foam carbon heterogeneous solid base catalyst for grease transesterification and preparation method thereof |
| CN115193877A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-18 | 广东金亿合金制品有限公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing aluminum ash resources |
-
2023
- 2023-06-21 CN CN202310738132.3A patent/CN116764618A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106629774A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山市吉力达铝材科技有限公司 | Method for harmlessly treating aluminum ash |
| CN109647853A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 郑州鸿跃环保科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminium ash harmless resource utilization total system and its processing method |
| CN111874931A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-03 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Harmless treatment process for secondary aluminum ash |
| CN112340759A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-09 | 斯瑞尔环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing polyaluminum chloride and recovering silicon simple substance by using secondary aluminum ash |
| CN113385163A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 西南林业大学 | Foam carbon heterogeneous solid base catalyst for grease transesterification and preparation method thereof |
| CN115193877A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-18 | 广东金亿合金制品有限公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing aluminum ash resources |
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