CN113816711A - Foamed concrete block and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foamed concrete block and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113816711A CN113816711A CN202111152806.9A CN202111152806A CN113816711A CN 113816711 A CN113816711 A CN 113816711A CN 202111152806 A CN202111152806 A CN 202111152806A CN 113816711 A CN113816711 A CN 113816711A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- concrete block
- foamed concrete
- ceramsite
- clinker
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 46
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foamed concrete block and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the foamed concrete block comprises a dry-based material and water, and the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-35% of cement, 25-35% of ceramsite, 30-45% of clinker, 4.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum and 0.1-0.3% of foaming agent, wherein the ceramsite and the clinker both comprise solid waste components produced by recycling lithium ion batteries. The proportion of raw material solid waste used by the foamed concrete block in the invention is more than 75%, wherein the utilization rate of industrial solid waste recovered by the lithium ion battery reaches 100%, the raw material cost is low, the solid waste with rich sources is fully utilized, the problem of environmental pollution of the lithium ion battery is solved, the foamed concrete block is environment-friendly and economical, and the secondary utilization of the solid waste is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a foamed concrete block and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, lithium ion batteries are more and more widely applied, the market value of the lithium ion batteries is continuously improved, the market reserve is large, the quantity of valuable metals is large, serious environmental pollution is caused by random discarding, it is necessary to recycle metals with high economic value in waste lithium ion batteries, most of domestic enterprises for recycling waste lithium ion batteries mainly recycle valuable metals and then prepare the valuable metals into battery materials by wet smelting, various toxic and harmful industrial solid wastes are generated indispensably, the industrial solid wastes are piled up in large quantities, not only occupy extremely limited land resources, but also cause serious atmospheric pollution, soil pollution and water resource pollution, harm to natural environment and human health, and become social public nuisance, while the traditional industrial solid waste treatment methods (such as landfill, incineration, pyrolysis, microbial decomposition and the like) have the problems of long treatment period, secondary pollution to land and the like, therefore, a new approach for comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste resources is urgently needed.
At present, along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the construction waste accounts for 30-40% of the urban waste, and a large amount of the construction waste is accumulated to occupy the land. And the great social requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction, green buildings and the like are provided, so that the building ceramic and even the whole building material industry face huge technical challenges. In the production process of building materials, the realization of clean production saving, emission reduction treatment of three wastes and comprehensive utilization of resources is urgently needed to meet the production requirements of low energy consumption and high efficiency of modern society and relieve increasingly serious resource, energy and environmental crisis. The waste building loess occupies a large amount of building garbage, and the conventional waste building loess treatment mode is only simple landfill or accumulation, so that environmental harm is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a foaming concrete block.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the foamed concrete block.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the foamed concrete block in building materials, gardening materials or fire-resistant heat-insulating materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a foamed concrete block in a first aspect, which comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-35% of cement, 25-35% of ceramsite, 30-45% of clinker, 4.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum and 0.1-0.3% of foaming agent; the ceramsite and the clinker both comprise solid waste components produced by recycling lithium ion batteries.
Preferably, the mass percent of the cement is 25-32%; further preferably, the mass percentage of the cement is 30-32%.
Preferably, the mass percent of the ceramsite is 25-32%; further preferably, the mass percentage of the ceramsite is 30-32%.
Preferably, the clinker is 32-40% by mass; further preferably, the clinker is 35-40% by mass.
Preferably, the mass percent of the desulfurized gypsum is 4.5-9.5%; more preferably, the mass percent of the desulfurized gypsum is 6-8%.
Preferably, the weight ratio (water cement ratio) of the water to the cement is 0.3-0.5; further preferably, the water-cement ratio is 0.35-0.46; still further preferably, the water-cement ratio is 0.40-0.46.
Preferably, the mass percent of the foaming agent is 0.13-0.26%; further preferably, the mass percent of the foaming agent is 0.15-0.22%; still more preferably, the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.15 to 0.18%.
Preferably, the foaming agent is at least one selected from a protein foaming agent, a rosin 206 foaming agent, azobisisobutyronitrile and sodium alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
Preferably, the solid waste materials produced by the recovery of the lithium ion battery comprise at least one of iron alum slag, graphite powder and calcium carbonate slag. Industrial solid waste generated in the recovery process of the waste lithium ion battery is used as a main raw material for preparing the foamed concrete block, and the iron-aluminous slag and the shale powder are sintered and melted at high temperature to form an aluminosilicate substance as an internal network framework of the ceramsite, so that the compressive strength of the ceramsite is improved; the graphite powder is used as a pore-forming additive required by ceramsite preparation, the volume density, the water absorption and the sintering temperature of the sintered and expanded ceramsite are reduced, so that the production energy consumption is reduced, the cost is saved, the product quality is improved, the calcium carbonate slag is used as a main calcareous raw material of a clinker product, the building waste soil provides Si and Al components for the clinker product, and the iron aluminous slag provides Fe and Al components for the clinker.
Preferably, the ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-70% of shale powder, 25-45% of iron-aluminum-alum slag and 1-5% of graphite powder.
PreferablyThe ceramsite comprises the following components: 53-79% of SiO by mass210-25% of Al by mass2O32-5% of Na by mass2O，K2O, CaO, MgO and Fe2O3The total mass percentage of (A) is 6-19%.
Preferably, the shale powder accounts for 55-70% of the mass of the ceramsite; further preferably, the shale powder accounts for 60-70% of the mass of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the shale powder is prepared by crushing, grinding and sieving shale ore.
Preferably, the content of the iron-alumen-based slag is 25-39% by mass of the ceramsite; more preferably, the weight percentage of the bauxite residues is 29-39%.
Preferably, the graphite powder accounts for 1.5-3.5% of the mass of the ceramsite; further preferably, the graphite powder accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the clinker comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-25% of building waste soil, 15-25% of iron-aluminum-alum slag and 50-75% of calcium carbonate slag.
Preferably, the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 20～24％，Al2O3 4～7％，Fe2O3 2.5～6.0％，CaO 62～67％。
Preferably, the building waste soil is 14-22% by mass of clinker; further preferably, the mass percentage of the clinker is 15-20%.
Preferably, the iron-alumen-based slag accounts for 17-22% of the mass of the clinker; more preferably, the iron-alumen-based slag accounts for 18-20% of the mass of the clinker.
Preferably, the calcium carbonate slag accounts for 60-75% of the mass of the clinker; more preferably, the content of the calcium carbonate slag is 60-65% by mass of clinker.
Preferably, the ceramsite has at least one of the following characteristics:
a) the bulk density of the ceramsite is 300-500 kg/m3；
b) The cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is 1-2 MPa;
c) the ceramsite is 400 grade or 500 grade.
Preferably, the bulk density of the ceramsite is 330-480 kg/m3(ii) a Further preferably, the bulk density of the ceramsite is 350-480 kg/m3(ii) a More preferably, the bulk density of the ceramsite is 400-480 kg/m3。
Preferably, the construction waste soil is at least one selected from the group consisting of waste loess and waste laterite; further preferably, the construction waste soil is waste loess.
Preferably, the construction waste soil comprises waste loess, which comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: SiO 2260～70％、Al2O3 20～25％、Fe2O3 5～10％、K2O 0～5％。
Preferably, SiO in the waste loess2The content of (A) is 62-68%; further preferably, SiO among the waste loess2The content of (A) is 66-68%.
Preferably, the waste loess contains Al2O3The content of (A) is 22-25%; further preferably, the waste loess contains Al2O3The content of (A) is 22-24%.
Preferably, the waste loess contains Fe2O3The content of (A) is 6 to 9 percent; further preferably, the waste loess contains Fe2O3The content of (A) is 7-8%.
Preferably, K in the waste loess2The content of O is 1 to 5 percent; further preferably, K in the waste loess2The content of O is 2 to 4 percent.
Preferably, the desulfurized gypsum is obtained by desulfurizing tail gas generated in the preparation of the ceramsite and/or the clinker.
Preferably, the tail gas generated in the preparation of the ceramsite and/or the clinker is dedusted before desulfurization.
Preferably, the content of dihydrate gypsum in the desulfurized gypsum is more than 90 percent; further preferably, the content of dihydrate gypsum in the desulfurized gypsum is 90-98%; still further preferably, the content of dihydrate gypsum in the desulfurized gypsum is 93-98%.
Preferably, the raw materials of the foamed concrete block further comprise an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises a water reducing agent.
Preferably, the water reducing agent accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the dry material by mass percent; further preferably, the water reducing agent is 0.2-0.4% by mass of the dry-based material; preferably, the water reducing agent is 0.2-0.3% by mass of the dry-based material.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is at least one of a naphthalene sulfonate water reducing agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a redispersible latex powder, casein and a melamine formaldehyde condensation compound.
Preferably, the solid waste is wet solid waste.
Preferably, the water content of the solid waste is 30-55%.
Preferably, the volume density of the foamed concrete block is 750-900 kg/m3(ii) a More preferably, the volume density of the foamed concrete block is 780-860 kg/m3(ii) a Still more preferably, the volume density of the foamed concrete block is 780-840 kg/m3。
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the foamed concrete block of the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
mixing cement, ceramsite, clinker, desulfurized gypsum and water to obtain slurry; foaming a foaming agent and adding the foaming agent into the slurry to obtain foamed slurry;
and (3) injecting the foaming slurry into a mold, curing, and then demolding to obtain the foaming concrete block.
Preferably, the method also comprises a step of allowing the water reducing agent to participate in the reaction.
Preferably, the oxygen shield is steam curing; the curing time is 2-9 h; the curing temperature is 50-65 ℃.
Preferably, the curing time is 3-8 h; further preferably, the curing time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the curing temperature is 50-60 ℃; more preferably, the curing temperature is 55-60 ℃.
Preferably, the foamed concrete block is naturally cured after being demoulded.
Preferably, the clinker is prepared by the following steps: calcining and grinding the clinker raw material.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 1100-1700 ℃; further preferably, the calcining temperature is 1200-1600 ℃; still further preferably, the calcination temperature is 1300-1500 ℃.
Preferably, the ceramsite is prepared by adopting the following steps: aging and burning and expanding the ceramsite raw material mixture to obtain the ceramsite concrete.
Preferably, the temperature of the burning expansion is 840-1300 ℃; further preferably, the temperature of the burning expansion is 900-1200 ℃; still further preferably, the temperature of the burnt swelling is 1000-1100 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation process of the ceramsite also comprises a molding and granulating step.
Preferably, the preparation process of the ceramsite further comprises a drying step, wherein the drying step is positioned before the sintering and swelling step, and the drying step is positioned after the aging step.
The third aspect of the invention provides the application of the foamed concrete block provided by the first aspect of the invention in building materials, gardening materials and fire-resistant heat-insulating materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the proportion of raw material solid waste used by the foamed concrete block in the invention is more than 75%, wherein the utilization rate of industrial solid waste recovered by the lithium ion battery reaches 100%, the raw material cost is low, the solid waste with rich sources is fully utilized, the problem of environmental pollution of the lithium ion battery is solved, the foamed concrete block is environment-friendly and economical, and the secondary utilization of the solid waste is realized. The foamed concrete block disclosed by the invention has the advantages of light apparent density, high strength, excellent heat insulation and preservation performance, small shrinkage, low water absorption, strong impermeability, good frost resistance, excellent fire resistance and durability, good sound insulation and absorption effects, good shock resistance and shock absorption performance and the like, meets the requirements of national relevant standards, has a very good industrial application prospect, and can be applied to industries such as building materials, gardening, refractory and heat preservation materials and the like.
All solid wastes in the preparation method of the foamed concrete block do not need drying treatment during burdening, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, low raw material cost, small investment, no secondary pollution, high production efficiency, less dust and the like.
Specifically, the invention takes the industrial solid waste and the building waste soil generated in the wet recovery process of the waste lithium ion battery as main raw materials, provides a new thought and a new way for the comprehensive utilization of the full solid waste and the full solid waste of the building waste soil generated in the wet recovery process of the waste lithium ion battery, increases the value of the ecological environment while reducing the burden, can relieve the increasingly serious crisis of resources, energy and environment, and simultaneously responds to the national policy of saving energy and reducing consumption of the building industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the raw material treatment of a foamed concrete block according to examples 1 to 5;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the foamed concrete block of examples 1 to 5.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples, but the practice and protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the following processes, if not described in particular detail, are all realizable or understandable by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. The reagents or apparatus used are not indicated to the manufacturer, and are considered to be conventional products available by commercial purchase.
Example 1
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of cement, 35% of light ceramsite, 30% of clinker, 9.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.37% of water reducing agent and 0.13% of foaming agent; the water-cement ratio is 0.40; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of shale powder, 29% of iron-alumen-um slag and 1% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of waste loess, 15% of iron-alumen slag and 75% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: stirring and adding water to mix shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentages of 70%, 29% and 1%, aging in an aging warehouse, molding and granulating, drying, sintering and expanding at 1100 ℃, and cooling to obtain the product with the bulk density of 386kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.2MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing the waste loess, the iron aluminous slag and the calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 10%, 15% and 75%, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) the cement, the light ceramsite, the clinker, the desulfurized gypsum, the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer and the water are respectively weighed according to the mass percentage of 25%, 35%, 30%, 9.5%, 0.37% and the water-cement ratio of 0.4, stirred and made into pulp, 0.13% of alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate foaming agent diluted by 100 times is injected into the pulp by a foaming machine, and the pulp is uniformly stirred to obtain the foamed concrete. (alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate is a commercially available product, and the manufacturer is light and medium chemical industry Co., Ltd.)
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 × 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 60 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain the foamed concrete block in the embodiment.
Example 2
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of cement, 30% of light ceramsite, 35% of clinker, 9.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.24% of water reducing agent and 0.26% of foaming agent; the water-cement ratio is 0.40; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of shale powder, 25% of iron-alumen-based slag and 5% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of waste loess, 15% of iron-alumen slag and 60% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: stirring and mixing shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentage of 70%, 25% and 5% respectively with water, aging in an aging warehouse, molding, granulating, drying, sintering and expanding at 1075 ℃, and cooling to obtain the product with the bulk density of 354kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.01MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing waste loess, iron aluminous slag and calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 25%, 15% and 60%, respectively, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) respectively mixing 25% by mass, 30% by mass, 35% by mass, 9.5% by mass and 0.24% by mass of cement, light ceramsite, clinker, desulfurized gypsum, a naphthalenesulfonate water reducer and water; the water cement ratio is 0.40, the mixture is measured and stirred to prepare pulp, 0.26 percent of alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate foaming agent diluted by 100 times is injected into the slurry by a foaming machine, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to prepare the foamed concrete.
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 × 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 65 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain the foamed concrete block in the embodiment.
Example 3
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of cement, 30% of light ceramsite, 30% of clinker, 4.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.24% of water reducing agent and 0.26% of foaming agent; the water-cement ratio is 0.46; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of shale powder, 39% of iron-alumen-based slag and 1% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of waste loess, 25% of iron-alumen slag and 65% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing light ceramsite: stirring and mixing shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentage of 60%, 39% and 1% respectively, adding water for mixing, aging in an aging warehouse, molding and granulating, drying, sintering and expanding at 1050 ℃, and cooling to obtain the bulk density of 403kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.28MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing the waste loess, the iron aluminous slag and the calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 10%, 25% and 65%, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) cement, light ceramsite, clinker, desulfurized gypsum, a melamine formaldehyde condensate water reducer and water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percentage of 35%, 30%, 4.5%, 0.24% and the water-cement ratio of 0.46, 0.26% of protein foaming agent diluted by 50 times is injected into the slurry through a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare foamed concrete; (the protein foaming agent is a commercially available product, and the manufacturer is Shanghai House building materials science and technology Co., Ltd.)
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 × 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 50 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain the foamed concrete block in the embodiment.
Example 4
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of cement, 25% of light ceramsite, 45% of clinker, 4.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.37% of water reducing agent and 0.13% of foaming agent; the water-cement ratio is 0.40; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of shale powder, 45% of iron-alumen-based slag and 5% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of waste loess, 25% of iron alum slag and 50% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: stirring and adding water to mix shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentages of 50%, 45% and 5%, aging in an aging warehouse, molding and granulating,drying, burning and swelling at 1050 deg.C, and cooling to obtain product with bulk density of 475kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.61MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing waste loess, iron aluminous slag and calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 25%, 25% and 50%, respectively, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) the cement, the light ceramsite, the clinker, the desulfurized gypsum, the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer and the water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percent of 25%, 45%, 4.5% and 0.37% and the water-cement ratio of 0.40, 0.13% of protein foaming agent diluted by 100 times is injected into the slurry through a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare the foamed concrete.
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 x 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 120min at the temperature of 65 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain a foamed concrete block product.
Example 5
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of cement, 25% of light ceramsite, 45% of clinker, 4.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.37% of water reducing agent, 0.13% of foaming agent and 0.40% of water-cement ratio; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of shale powder, 45% of iron-alumen-based slag and 5% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of waste red soil, 15% of iron-alumen slag and 75% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: respectively stirring shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentages of 50%, 45% and 5%, adding water, mixing, aging in an aging warehouse, molding, granulating, drying, sintering at 1050 ℃, and cooling to obtain the final product with the bulk density of 475kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.61MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing and mixing the waste laterite, iron alum slag and calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 10%, 15% and 75%, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1350 ℃ for calcination, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) the cement, the light ceramsite, the clinker, the desulfurized gypsum, the melamine formaldehyde condensate water reducer and the water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percent of 25%, 45%, 4.5% and 0.37% and the water cement ratio of 0.40, 0.13% of alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate foaming agent diluted by 50 times is injected into the slurry by a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare the foamed concrete.
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 x 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 60 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain a foamed concrete block product.
The process flow diagram of the light ceramsite, the clinker and the desulfurized gypsum in the examples 1 to 5 is shown in fig. 1, and the desulfurized gypsum in the examples 1 to 5 is desulfurized gypsum obtained by desulfurizing tail gas generated in the process of firing the light ceramsite and the clinker, wherein dihydrate gypsum accounts for more than 90%. The method specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) dedusting tail gas generated in the calcining process of the light ceramsite and the clinker, then feeding the tail gas into a desulfurizing tower, and desulfurizing by adopting a limestone-gypsum method to generate a byproduct desulfurized gypsum. The process flow diagram of the foamed concrete block of examples 1 to 5 is shown in fig. 2.
Comparative example 1
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 37% of cement, 30% of light ceramsite, 32.5% of clinker, 0% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.24% of water reducing agent, 0.26% of foaming agent and 0.46% of water-cement ratio; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of shale powder, 39% of iron-alumen-based slag and 1% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of waste loess, 25% of iron-alumen slag and 65% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: shale powder, iron alum slag and graphite powder are respectively stirred and mixed by adding water according to the mass percentage of 60 percent, 39 percent and 1 percentAging in an aging warehouse, molding, granulating, drying, sintering at 1050 deg.C, and cooling to obtain a product with bulk density of 403kg/m3The cylinder pressure intensity is 1.28MPa light ceramsite for standby;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing the waste loess, the iron aluminous slag and the calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 10%, 25% and 65%, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) cement, light ceramsite, clinker, desulfurized gypsum, a melamine formaldehyde condensate water reducer and water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percentage of 37%, 30%, 32.5%, 0% and 0.24% and the water-cement ratio of 0.46, 0.26% of protein foaming agent diluted by 50 times is injected into the slurry through a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare foamed concrete; (the protein foaming agent is a commercially available product, and the manufacturer is Shanghai House building materials science and technology Co., Ltd.)
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 × 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 50 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain the foamed concrete block in the embodiment.
Comparative example 2
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of cement, 35% of light ceramsite, 0% of clinker, 19.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.24% of water reducing agent, 0.26% of foaming agent and 0.40% of water-cement ratio; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of shale powder, 25% of iron-alumen-based slag and 5% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of waste loess, 15% of iron-alumen slag and 60% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: stirring and mixing shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentage of 70%, 25% and 5% respectively with water, aging in an aging warehouse, molding, granulating, drying, sintering and expanding at 1075 ℃, and cooling to obtain the product with the bulk density of 354kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.01MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing waste loess, iron aluminous slag and calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 25%, 15% and 60%, respectively, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) the cement, the light ceramsite, the clinker, the desulfurized gypsum, the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer and the water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percentage of 40%, 35%, 0%, 19.5% and 0.24% and the water-cement ratio of 0.40, 0.26% of alpha-sodium alkenyl sulfonate foaming agent diluted by 100 times is injected into the slurry through a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare the foamed concrete.
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 × 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 540min at the temperature of 65 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain the foamed concrete block in the embodiment.
Comparative example 3
The foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of cement, 0% of light ceramsite, 50% of clinker, 9.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.37% of water reducing agent, 0.13% of foaming agent and 0.40% of water-cement ratio; the light ceramsite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of shale powder, 45% of iron-alumen-based slag and 5% of graphite powder; the clinker comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of waste loess, 25% of iron alum slag and 50% of calcium carbonate slag.
The preparation method of the foamed concrete block in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing light ceramsite: respectively stirring shale powder, iron-alumen-um slag and graphite powder according to the mass percentages of 50%, 45% and 5%, adding water, mixing, aging in an aging warehouse, molding, granulating, drying, sintering at 1050 ℃, and cooling to obtain the final product with the bulk density of 475kg/m3Light ceramsite with the cylinder pressure strength of 1.61MPa for later use;
(2) preparing clinker: weighing waste loess, iron aluminous slag and calcium carbonate slag according to the mass percentages of 25%, 25% and 50%, respectively, stirring and mixing, heating the mixture in a rotary kiln to 1400 ℃, calcining, and cooling to obtain clinker for later use;
(3) the cement, the light ceramsite, the clinker, the desulfurized gypsum, the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer and the water are respectively stirred and pulped according to the mass percentage of 40%, 0%, 50%, 9.5% and 0.37% and the water-cement ratio of 0.40, 0.13% of protein foaming agent diluted by 100 times is injected into the slurry through a foaming machine, and the slurry is uniformly stirred to prepare the foamed concrete.
And (3) injecting the foamed concrete into a 100 x 100mm triple die, conveying the foamed concrete into a steam curing chamber, performing steam curing for 120min at the temperature of 65 ℃, demolding, cutting, stacking and packaging to obtain a foamed concrete block product.
And (3) performance testing:
the foamed concrete blocks of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were respectively tested for properties such as bulk density, water absorption, compressive strength, and the like according to the following test methods and test conditions, and the test results are recorded in table 1 below.
The test method of the bulk density comprises the following steps: the method is carried out according to the specification of 2.3 in GB/T11969-2008, wherein the mass is accurate to 1g, and the volume is accurate to 1mm 3;
the test method of the water absorption rate is as follows: according to the specification of appendix A in GB/T36534-2018;
the test method of the compressive strength comprises the following steps: according to the specification of 3.3.1 in GB/T11969-2008, the water content of the test piece is controlled to be 9-16%, the breaking load is accurate to 0.1KN, and the pressed area is accurate to 1mm 2;
the test method of the drying shrinkage value comprises the following steps: the method is carried out according to the specification of 4.3.1 in GB/T11969-2008, the preparation of the test piece is carried out according to the specification of 4.2 in GB/T11969-2008, and a dial indicator is adopted during the test;
the test method of the heat conductivity coefficient comprises the following steps: according to the GB/T10294 regulation;
the method for testing the anti-permeability performance comprises the following steps: according to the regulations of chapter 13 in GB/T4111-2013;
the test method of the sound insulation performance comprises the following steps: according to the provisions of GB/T19889.3-2005 acoustic building and building construction sound insulation measurement part 3 laboratory measurements of the air sound insulation of building constructions.
TABLE 1 Properties of the foamed concrete blocks in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from the above table: the foamed concrete blocks prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 of the invention meet the requirements of national standard GB/T36534-2018, and on the premise of preparing qualified blocks, the multi-industry solid waste is utilized synergistically to the greatest extent, so that the reduction, harmlessness and recycling of the solid waste are completed.
In conclusion, the utilization rate of the solid waste is 100 percent, namely the total amount of the solid waste in the raw materials is utilized, and no new solid waste is generated. The foamed concrete block is prepared by taking industrial solid waste and waste soil generated in the wet recovery process of the waste lithium ion battery as main raw materials and adopting the processes of metering and proportioning, mixing and stirring, injection molding, steam curing, demolding and cutting, stacking and natural curing. Raw materials (light ceramsite, clinker and desulfurized gypsum) required for preparing the building block are waste products, desulfurized gypsum is a waste byproduct, and waste residues in the lithium battery industry do not need additional drying equipment, so that the materials can be directly mixed, the production investment and the operation cost are greatly reduced, and the method has the advantages of simple process, no secondary pollution, simplicity and convenience in operation, high production efficiency and less dust pollution. The method provides a new way for comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste and building waste soil resources generated in the wet recovery process of the waste lithium ion batteries, reduces the pressure of the solid waste on the environment, increases the value of the solid waste, and has good industrial application prospect.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A foaming concrete block is characterized in that: the water-based paint comprises a dry-based material and water, wherein the dry-based material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-35% of cement, 25-35% of ceramsite, 30-45% of clinker, 4.5-10% of desulfurized gypsum and 0.1-0.3% of foaming agent; the ceramsite and the clinker both comprise solid waste components produced by recycling lithium ion batteries.
2. The foamed concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: the solid waste components produced by the recovery of the lithium ion battery comprise at least one of iron-aluminum-vanadium slag, graphite powder and calcium carbonate slag.
3. The foamed concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: the ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-70% of shale powder, 25-45% of iron-aluminum-alum slag and 1-5% of graphite powder.
4. The foamed concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the ceramsite has at least one of the following characteristics:
a) the bulk density of the ceramsite is 300-500 kg/m3；
b) The cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is 1-2 MPa;
c) the ceramsite is 400 grade or 500 grade.
5. The foamed concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: the clinker comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-25% of building waste soil, 15-25% of iron-aluminum-alum slag and 50-75% of calcium carbonate slag.
6. The foamed concrete block according to claim 5, wherein: the building waste soil comprises waste loess, wherein the waste loess comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: SiO 22 60～70％、Al2O3 20～25％、Fe2O3 5～10％、K2O 0～5％。
7. The foamed concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: the desulfurized gypsum is obtained by desulfurizing tail gas generated in the preparation of the ceramsite and/or the clinker.
8. The foamed concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the foamed concrete block also comprise an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises a water reducing agent.
9. The method for producing a foamed concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
mixing cement, ceramsite, clinker, desulfurized gypsum and water to obtain slurry;
foaming a foaming agent and adding the foaming agent into the slurry to obtain foamed slurry;
and (3) injecting the foaming slurry into a mold, curing, and then demolding to obtain the foaming concrete block.
10. Use of the foamed concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in building materials, horticultural materials or fire-resistant insulation materials.
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Application publication date: 20211221 |