CN113209182B - 一种用于治疗类风湿关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗类风湿关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。所述组合物包括以下重量份数的中药:全蝎12‑15份、蜈蚣10‑12份、大黄15‑20份、黄柏20‑25份、乳香15‑18份、没药12‑15份、冰片5‑8份,凡士林30‑50份。本发明提供的用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂,根据中医药理论,将原料中药按一定比例进行组方,符合中药的配伍原则,可以增强各成分的原有药效,使各成分相辅相成,具有清热祛湿,活血通络,消肿止痛的功效,且能够明显减轻患者痛苦。本发明用于湿热型类风湿关节炎的局部治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗类风湿关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种以慢性、对称性多关节炎为主要表现的自身免疫性疾病。该病以侵犯肢体关节为主,在急性发作时大多表现为关节局部的红、肿、热、痛,严重者屈伸不利,影响关节的功能,属于慢性顽疾。RA的主要病理变化为关节滑膜慢性炎症,炎细胞浸润,滑膜血管新生及血管翳形成,侵蚀软骨和骨组织,导致骨质破坏。
目前临床上防治RA采用的西药,如非甾体类抗炎药和糖皮质激素虽然对控制症状疗效较好,但无法抑制病情进展及关节结构的破坏,同时掩盖了病情进展的临床表现;即使联用改善病情的抗风湿药,仍有相当比例的患者无法达到预期治疗目的。近年来,生物治疗及干细胞移植为RA治疗开辟了新途径,但由于价格昂贵、不能口服、不能选择性到达靶组织等局限,这些方法仅适合少数特定患者。同时,西药长期治疗会产生消化道溃疡、骨髓抑制、皮疹、肝肾损害、白细胞减低等多种不良反应,甚至造成药源性疾病,导致治疗效果欠佳或治疗失败。特别是在急性发作时,常需增加药物剂量来缓解临床症状,因此,根据湿热型RA的特点研制一种具有清热祛湿,活血通络,消肿止痛、低毒高效的药物和剂型来缓解病情尤为重要。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明目的在于提供一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药外用膏剂,具有清热祛湿,活血通络,消肿止痛的功效,不仅用药方便,而且能够明显减轻患者痛苦,有效减少患者的经济负担。
为实现本发明的上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案。
本发明提供一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物包括以下重量份数的中药:全蝎12-15份、蜈蚣10-12份、大黄15-20份、黄柏20-25份、乳香15-18份、没药12-15份、冰片5-8份,凡士林30-50份。
进一步地,所述组合物包括以下重量份数的中药:全蝎15份、蜈蚣12份、大黄18份、黄柏20份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份儿、凡士林35份。
进一步地,所述组合物包括以下重量份数的中药:全蝎12份、蜈蚣12份、大黄15份、黄柏20份、黄连10份、苍术15份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份、加高度酒10份。
进一步地,如上所述任一项用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物的制剂包括外用膏剂和散剂。
本发明还提供一种使用如上所述的用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物的外用膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法的具体步骤如下:
步骤1、将权利要求1-3所述的中药全蝎、蜈蚣、大黄、黄柏加2000-3000mL水180℃煎煮1个小时,弃渣,提取上清液体200-250mL,备用;
步骤2、将步骤1中的上清液加热到110-120℃,并保持温度不变,加乳香、没药煎煮10分钟,煎煮过程中不断搅拌,形成溶液1;
步骤3、将凡士林溶化并加热至70-80℃,保持温度不变5分钟,形成溶液2;
步骤4、将溶液1与溶液2混合形成溶液3,加热至180-200℃,直至出现白色烟雾;
步骤5、将溶液3冷却至150-160℃,加入冰片,混匀,冷却,即得膏剂,分装容器。
本发明还提供一种使用如上所述的用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物的散剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法的具体步骤如下:
将全部药物(除冰片),粉碎,过100目筛,冰片单独粉碎,过60目筛,将过滤后的药粉全部混匀,用高度酒和药,外用。
本发明还提供一种如上所述的中药组合物的应用,其特征在于,所述应用为用于制备治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的药物。
本发明选取的原料中药材的药效和药理作用分别是:
全蝎:全蝎始载于《开宝本草》,为钳蝎科动物东亚钳蝎的干燥体,性味辛平, 有毒, 归于肝经,具有解毒散结、通络止痛之功效。现代药理学研究表明, 全蝎具有抑菌、镇痛等作用。
蜈蚣:性温味辛,有毒, 归肝经。具有攻毒、散结、止痛之功效。现代药理学研究表明, 蜈蚣水浸液对皮肤真菌、结核杆菌有抑制作用,并能促进人体的新陈代谢。
大黄:始载于《神农本草经》,性味苦,寒,归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。具有泻热通肠,凉血解毒,逐瘀通经的作用。酒制功擅活血,且善清血分之热。
黄柏:性味:苦、寒,归肾经、膀胱、大肠经。具有清热解毒、燥湿消肿等作用。《本草拾遗》主热疮疱起,虫疮,痢,下血,杀蛀虫。《用药心法》治疮痛不可忍者。
乳香:味辛、苦,微温,归心、肝、脾经,有活血行气,通经止痛,消肿生肌作用。《本草求真》:“因血气逆,则血凝而不通,毒因气滞,则血聚而不散,以至痛处异常,乳香香窜入心,既能使血宣而筋骨自伸,复能入肾温补,使气与血互相通活,俾气不令血阻,血亦不被气碍,故云功能生血,究皆行气活血之品耳。”
没药:辛苦,温,微毒,归肝、心、脾、肾经,《本草纲目》“散血消肿,定痛生肌。关节疼痛皆因血滞、气壅,血滞则气壅凝,气壅凝则经络满急,经络满急,故痛且肿。本品苦能泄,辛能散,温能通,故可治疗关节疼痛。《本草纲目》“乳香活血,没药散血,皆能止痛消肿,生肌,故二经每每相兼而用。”
冰片:性微寒、味辛苦, 归心脾肺经。有散郁热火毒、辛香走窜、通经透内、搜风开窍、杀虫止痛止痒、去溃疡腐臭之功效。现代药理学研究表明,冰片能抑制大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的生长,并具有抗炎、抗病毒、镇痛的功效。另外,冰片具有促进透皮吸收作用,增加了皮肤、粘膜对药物的吸收量。
本发明组方配伍释义:类风湿关节炎的发病与经络痹阻有关,不通则痛,湿毒、瘀血为其病理因素,也是病理产物。关节局部病理产物聚集,郁而化热,出现局部红肿症状,因气血凝滞,瘀阻不通,致关节疼痛,屈伸不利。因此在治疗上活血通经,祛风除湿,清热消肿是基本治疗方法。方中全蝎、蜈蚣为君药,解毒消肿、通络止痛;大黄、黄柏为臣药,共具解毒利湿,通络消肿之功,且可活血化瘀。从现代医学角度认为,其具有抗炎、止痛,促进皮肤代谢的作用,抑制和麻痹感觉神经末梢,对皮肤、肌肉疼痛具有镇痛作用。冰片为佐药,散郁热火毒、辛香走窜、通经透内、搜风开窍。此方用于局部关节起效快,迅速改善局部红肿疼痛症状。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果。
(1)本发明提供的用于治疗类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂,根据中医药理论,将原料中药按一定比例进行组方,符合中药的配伍原则,可以增强各成分的原有药效,使各成分相辅相成,具有清热祛湿,活血通络,消肿止痛的功效,且能够明显减轻患者痛苦。
(2)本发明用于湿热型类风湿关节炎的局部治疗,主要以外用的方式涂抹局部关节、皮肤,起到清热消肿止痛的作用,减少口服药物的剂量,从而减少胃肠道的不良反应。
(3)本发明为外用涂抹,可避免西药的肝肾损伤和骨髓抑制等问题。
(4)本发明根据关节、皮肤局部红肿的病机是因湿热、瘀血所致,不通而致局部红肿、疼痛,采用大黄、黄柏清热利湿,乳香、没药活血定痛,蜈蚣、全蝎为虫类药,具有攻毒散结,搜风剔络,通经逐邪之功效,薄荷、冰片可促进局部皮肤对药物的吸收。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。本发明保护范围不仅局限于以下内容的表述。
实施例1。
本实施例用于治疗类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂,是由以下重量份数的中药组成的:全蝎12份、蜈蚣10份、大黄15份、黄柏25份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份、凡士林30份。
本发明用于治疗类风湿关节炎的中药外用膏剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下。
步骤1、将所述中药(全蝎、蜈蚣、大黄、黄柏)加2000ml水180℃煎煮1个小时,弃渣,提取上清液体200-250ml,备用。
步骤2、将提取的上清液加热到120℃,并保持温度不变,加乳香、没药煎煮10分钟,煎煮过程中不断搅拌,形成溶液1。
步骤3、将凡士林溶化并加热至80℃,保持温度不变5分钟,形成溶液2。
步骤4、将溶液1与溶液2混合形成溶液3,加热至200℃,直至出现白色烟雾。
步骤5、将溶液3冷却至150-160℃,加入冰片,混匀,冷却,即得膏剂,分装容器。
本发明用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的使用方法:均匀涂抹于局部皮肤、关节,每日4次。
临床资料
1.资料与方法。
1.1一般资料。
自2020年05月-2021年04月辽宁中医药大学附属医院门诊及病房住院的类风湿关节炎(中医诊断痹证)患者110例,男15例,女95例;年龄最大79岁,最小14岁,平均53.3岁;病程最长为38年,最短为0.2个月,平均病程为3.34年,按就诊的先后顺序随机分成二组:治疗组53例、对照组57例,二组在年龄、性别、病程等方面比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2纳入、排除标准。
就诊时全部病例经症状、体征、病名、X线及理化指标检查确诊为类风湿关节炎,依据中药新药临床研究指导原则中医辨证为湿热痹阻证型。排除妊娠期或哺乳期妇女;重叠其他风湿系统疾病,合并脑血管、心血管、肝、肾及造血系统等严重原发性疾病;精神病患者;法律规定的残疾患者(盲、聋、哑、智力障碍、精神障碍、肢体残疾);晚期关节炎重度畸形、僵硬、丧失劳动力患者;不能坚持治疗者。
1.3治疗方法。
治疗组给予来氟米特片20mg日一次口服治疗,洛索洛芬钠片60mg日三次口服,联合本实施例1用于治疗类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂涂抹局部红肿的皮肤、关节;对照组予来氟米特片20mg日一次口服治疗,洛索洛芬钠片60mg日三次口服,外用凡士林涂抹局部红肿的皮肤、关节。治疗组、对照组在治疗过程中来氟米特片、洛索洛芬钠片用量维持不变,且剂量稳定四周以上,试验开始后不增加与治疗类风湿关节炎有关的药物,不加用其他外用疗法。
来氟米特片商品名为妥抒,为福建汇天生物有限公司生产,10mg/片。
洛索洛芬钠片商品名为乐松,第一三共制药(上海)有限公司生产,60mg/片。
外用药膏均匀涂抹于局部红肿的皮肤、关节,每日4次。
2.观察指标。
2.1一般项目:性别、年龄、身高、体重、病程、血压等项目。
2.2疗效指标检测:治疗前及治疗后7天患者的血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP),DAS28(疾病活动度)评分。
3.疗效评价标准:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》制定。
3.1临床痊愈:症状完全消失,关节功能恢复正常,主要理化检查指标正常,疗效指数均≥95%。
3.2显效:主要症状消失,关节功能基本恢复,主要理化检查指标基本正常,疗效指数为70%-94%。
3.3有效:主要症状基本消失,主要关节功能及主要理化指标有所改善,疗效指数为30%-69%。
3.4无效:与治疗前相比,各方面均无改善,疗效指数<30%。
疗效指数计算公式(尼莫地平法)为:[(治疗前积分-治疗后积分)/治疗前积分]×100%。
4.统计分析:采用SPSS17.0软件包统计,计数资料采用X2检验,疗效指标采用t检验。
5.结果:两组患者治疗后安全性指标(血、尿、便常规、肝肾功能、血压)较治疗前比较无异常。
5.1两组临床疗效比较,结果参见表1,表1为两组临床疗效比较。
表1:两组临床疗效比较
注:采用X2检验,治疗组与对照组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
5.2两组CRP、血沉、DAS28变化,具体结果参见表2,表2为两组患者治疗前后ESR、CRP、DAS28的变化比较。
表2:两组患者治疗前后ESR、CRP、DAS28的变化比较(均数±标准差)
注:▲表示治疗组治疗7天和治疗前比较(P<0.05),★表示对照组治疗7天和治疗前比较(P<0.05),☆表示治疗组和对照组比较(P<0.05)。
由表2可知,治疗组CRP、血沉、DAS28变化优于对照组。
综上所述,本发明用于治疗类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂与西药免疫抑制剂协同控制病情,疗效佳,不良反应少、成本低,可以明显减轻病人的痛苦,大大减少病人的经济负担。本次临床研究发现,本发明与来氟米特片合用用于治疗类风湿关节炎具有较好的控制病情作用,疗效优于单用来氟米特片组,值得在临床上广泛推广应用。
实施例2。
本实施例用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的外用膏剂,是由以下重量份数的中药组成的:全蝎15份、蜈蚣12份、大黄18份、黄柏20份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份儿、凡士林35份。
实施例3。
本实施例用于贴敷治疗类风湿关节炎的中药散剂,是由以下重量份数的中药组成的:全蝎12份、蜈蚣12份、大黄15份、黄柏20份、黄连10份、苍术15份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份、加高度酒10份。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物由以下组分组成:全蝎12-15份、蜈蚣10-12份、大黄15-20份、黄柏20-25份、乳香15-18份、没药12-15份、冰片5-8份,凡士林30-50份;
所述中药组合物用于在制备治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的药物中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物由以下组分组成:全蝎15份、蜈蚣12份、大黄18份、黄柏20份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份儿、凡士林35份。
3.一种用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物由以下组分组成:全蝎12份、蜈蚣12份、大黄15份、黄柏20份、黄连10份、苍术15份、乳香15份、没药15份、冰片5份、高度酒10份。
4.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物的制剂为外用膏剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于治疗湿热型类风湿关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物的制剂为散剂。
6.如权利要求4所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的外用膏剂制备方法的具体步骤如下:
步骤1、按照质量份数分别称取全蝎、蜈蚣、大黄、黄柏加2000-3000mL水180-190℃煎煮1个小时,弃渣,提取上清液体200-250mL,备用;
步骤2、将步骤1中的上清液加热到110-120℃,并保持温度不变,加乳香、没药煎煮10分钟,煎煮过程中不断搅拌,形成溶液1;
步骤3、将凡士林溶化并加热至70-80℃,保持温度不变5分钟,形成溶液2;
步骤4、将溶液1与溶液2混合形成溶液3,加热至180-200℃,直至出现白色烟雾;
步骤5、将溶液3冷却至150-160℃,加入冰片,混匀,冷却,即得膏剂,分装容器。
7.如权利要求5所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的散剂制备方法的具体步骤如下:
按照质量份数分别称取除冰片外的全部药物,粉碎,过100目筛,冰片单独粉碎,过60目筛,将过滤后的药粉全部混匀,用高度酒和药。
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