CN113197086B - Gracilaria lemaneiformis cultivation method capable of avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature-resistant seedlings - Google Patents
Gracilaria lemaneiformis cultivation method capable of avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature-resistant seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113197086B CN113197086B CN202110404304.4A CN202110404304A CN113197086B CN 113197086 B CN113197086 B CN 113197086B CN 202110404304 A CN202110404304 A CN 202110404304A CN 113197086 B CN113197086 B CN 113197086B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
Abstract
The invention discloses a asparagus cultivation method for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature resistant seedlings, which comprises the following steps: clamping the asparagus seedlings on seedling ropes at intervals, folding the seedling ropes subjected to seedling clamping in a reciprocating manner, wherein the length of the folded seedling rope bundle is 1-2m, then binding the upper end of the seedling rope bundle which is folded in a reciprocating manner by using a binding rope, and binding a falling stone at the lower end of the seedling rope bundle; and tying the upper ends of the seedling rope bundles to the boom ropes, and carrying out hanging culture in a hanging culture mode, wherein during hanging culture, the asparagus seedlings need to be guaranteed to stand for more than 8 days in an environment with the water temperature lower than 8 ℃ in the period from 12 months in winter to 4 months in the next year until the water temperature reaches 12 ℃, then carrying out propagation, and adopting a surface layer flat culture mode for the propagation culture mode. The hanging culture mode disclosed by the invention can eliminate foreign disease species harmful to asparagus and suitable for high-temperature growth. Meanwhile, the damage of illumination to asparagus seedlings under the low-temperature condition can be reduced, the seedlings are preserved in the temperate sea area in winter, and the transportation cost from subtropical zone transportation of the seedlings to the temperate zone is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for cultivating asparagus, in particular to a method for cultivating asparagus, which avoids cultivation diseases and optimally selects low-temperature resistant seedlings.
Background
The asparagus is the main production raw material of agar, and the fresh feed for abalone culture has important significance for improving the eutrophication of offshore water areas and adjusting and optimizing the marine ecological balance. The asparagus also contains various bioactive substances, such as asparagus sulfuric acid polysaccharide, oligosaccharide, soluble dietary fiber, asparagus polypeptide, polyphenol and the like, and a large number of researches show that the asparagus contains various bioactive substances with the effects of resisting aging, tumors, allergy, oxidation and the like.
The existing cultivation method of the gardon asparagus is that before the crossing of spring and summer and the coming of fish damage and typhoon in south, when the temperature of the coastal water in the north rises to about 12 ℃, namely the late ten days of 5 months or the beginning of 6 months, the gardon asparagus is directly moved to the sea area in the north from the north to carry out large-scale cultivation and summer crossing seed preservation, and when the temperature of the coastal water in the south is reduced to below 26 ℃ after the fish damage and typhoon season in autumn, the gardon asparagus is transported to the coastal water in the south from the north to be popularized in batches, cultivated in a large scale and protected in winter.
The asparagus cultivation industry has changed greatly in recent years. The cultivation scale of the asparagus is rapidly enlarged, the cultivation area exceeds 9000 hectares, a large number of southern species can be transported to the north along with the asparagus transport vehicle in the process of transporting the asparagus in the north and the south, and some species which can adapt to northern early-summer sea areas can be propagated in the northern sea areas and form foreign species invasion. At present, exogenous invasive species of epiphytic animals and plants in the south propagate in great quantity in the northern sea area, even causing serious asparagus cultivation diseases. For example, in summer of 2020 in north, a large amount of species which should be distributed in subtropical sea areas, the eclipta alba (Ceramium filicula), appears, and thus, a plurality of plant areas are almost dead.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for cultivating asparagus which avoids cultivation diseases and preferably selects seedlings with low temperature resistance, the hanging cultivation mode disclosed by the invention utilizes the method for keeping seedlings of asparagus at low temperature for a long time to basically eliminate foreign disease species harmful to asparagus and suitable for high-temperature condition growth, avoids the risk of foreign invasive species from subtropical zone long-distance transportation of seedlings to the north, provides excellent asparagus seedlings without diseases for temperate zone, meanwhile, the damage of the asparagus seedlings caused by illumination under the low-temperature condition can be reduced, the safety of the seedlings is protected, even the asparagus seedlings can be protected in winter in temperate regions, the long-distance transportation cost caused by the long-distance transportation of the seedlings to the temperate regions in subtropical zones is avoided, the excellent low-temperature-resistant asparagus seedlings are provided for the temperate regions, and the stable and low-price supply of the asparagus seedlings in the temperate sea regions is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a asparagus cultivation method for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature resistant seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping the asparagus seedlings on seedling ropes at intervals, binding two ends of the seedling ropes with thin ropes, folding the seedling ropes with seedlings in a reciprocating mode, enabling the length of the folded seedling ropes to be 1-2m, binding the upper ends of the seedling ropes which are folded in a reciprocating mode through binding ropes, and binding falling stones at the lower ends of the seedling ropes;
(2) and tying the upper end of the seedling rope bundle to a boom rope, and culturing in a hanging culture mode, wherein in the hanging culture, the asparagus seedlings need to be guaranteed to spend more than 8 days in the environment with the water temperature lower than 8 ℃ from 12 months in winter to 4 months in the next year until the water temperature reaches 12 ℃, and then performing propagation, wherein the breeding mode of propagation adopts a surface layer flat culture mode.
In the above scheme, in the step (2), the pendant needs to be taken down during propagation, the seedling rope bundle is disassembled, and both ends and the middle of the seedling rope for clamping the seedling are tied to different boom ropes arranged in parallel respectively.
In the scheme, in the step (1), the diameter of the seedling rope is 0.55cm, and the length of the seedling rope is 3-5 m.
In the scheme, the seedling rope is a three-strand synthetic polyethylene fiber blended rope, and the asparagus seedlings are clamped in gaps of the three-strand rope.
In the scheme, 100-400g of asparagus are clamped in the rope per meter, 10-40g of asparagus seedlings are taken as one cluster, the one cluster of asparagus seedlings is clamped on the seedling rope every 5-10cm, and the seedlings are clamped in the middle of the asparagus seedlings.
In the scheme, the binding rope is made of polyethylene with the diameter of 0.2 cm.
In the scheme, the weight of the falling stone is 0.2-2 kg.
Through the technical scheme, the asparagus cultivation method for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature resistant seedlings has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can spend more than 8 days under the environment that the water temperature is lower than 8 ℃, the low temperature environment can basically eliminate most attached foreign invasive species which are only suitable for higher temperature survival and are transported from the south sea area.
2. The hanging cultivation mode is different from the conventional surface layer flat cultivation mode, a certain cultivation depth can be kept all the time, the light damage of the asparagus seedlings caused by illumination under the low-temperature condition is reduced to the maximum extent while the low-temperature harm removal is guaranteed, and the safety of the seedlings is protected. The hanging cultivation mode can ensure that the asparagus seedlings can live through the winter in the northern sea area, namely the asparagus can be always hung and cultivated in the northern sea area from 12 months to 4 months in the next year in the hanging cultivation mode and can be healthily survived.
3. According to the cultivation mode, the asparagus seedlings can be cultivated after being subjected to the low-temperature condition, and the low-temperature resistant asparagus seedlings with better stress resistance and better growth state are obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for cultivating asparagus by avoiding cultivation diseases and optimizing low-temperature resistant seedlings, disclosed by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional cultivation method of Gracilaria lemaneiformis seedlings;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the asparagus seedlings before cultivation;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the seedlings of asparagus cultivated by the method of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a boom rope; 2. tying a rope; 3. peg for the tree; 4. seedling ropes; 5. a floating ball; 6. asparagus; 7. a falling stone.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a asparagus cultivation method for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature resistant seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping 6 seedlings of asparagus at intervals on a seedling rope 4, wherein the diameter of the seedling rope 4 is 0.55cm, the length of the seedling rope 4 is 3-5m, the seedling rope 4 is a three-strand synthetic polyethylene fiber blended rope, and the 6 seedlings of the asparagus are clamped in gaps of the three-strand rope; every 4 seedling ropes is provided with 400g of asparagus 6, 10-40g of asparagus 6 seedlings are taken as one cluster, the cluster of asparagus 6 seedlings is clamped on the seedling ropes 4 at intervals of 5-10cm, and the seedlings are clamped in the middle of the asparagus 6 seedlings.
Binding two ends of the seedling rope 4 with thin ropes after seedling clamping, folding the seedling rope 4 with seedlings in a reciprocating way, wherein the length of the bundle of the seedling rope 4 after folding is 1-2m, then binding the upper end of the bundle of the seedling rope 4 with the rope 2, and binding the falling stone 7 at the lower end of the bundle of the seedling rope 4; the binding rope 2 is made of polyethylene with the diameter of 0.2cm, and the weight of the falling stone 7 is 0.2-2 kg.
(2) The upper end of the rope 4 bundle is tied to the boom rope 1 for cultivation in a hanging manner, as shown in fig. 1, the two ends of the boom rope 1 are positioned in the sea through the peg 3, and the floating ball 5 is arranged on the boom rope 1 to ensure that the boom rope 1 floats on the sea surface. During hanging cultivation, at least more than 8 days in an environment with the water temperature lower than 8 ℃ are ensured in the period from 12 months to 4 months in the next year in winter in northern sea areas, after the water temperature reaches 12 ℃, propagation is carried out in northern sea areas, the propagation method adopts a surface layer flat cultivation method, as shown in fig. 2, during propagation, the pendant 7 needs to be taken down, the seedling ropes 4 need to be bundled, and the two ends and the middle of the seedling clamping seedling ropes 4 need to be tied on different boom ropes 1 which are arranged in parallel.
In the embodiment of the invention, the asparagus which is seriously attached by the epiphytic algae common blumea herb (Ceramium filicula) is adopted to be cultivated in Shandong Chenghai area by adopting the method.
The examples were observed as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4. It can be seen that a large amount of epiphytic algae are attached to the asparagus in the asparagus shown in fig. 3 before low-temperature hanging cultivation, and after 8 days of hanging cultivation, the epiphytic sianchau dies white as shown in fig. 4, while the asparagus survives healthily. Therefore, the cultivation method can eliminate foreign species and ensure the healthy survival of the asparagus.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. A asparagus cultivation method for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably selecting low-temperature resistant seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) clamping the asparagus seedlings on seedling ropes at intervals, binding two ends of the seedling ropes with thin ropes, folding the seedling ropes with seedlings in a reciprocating mode, enabling the length of the folded seedling ropes to be 1-2m, binding the upper ends of the seedling ropes which are folded in a reciprocating mode through binding ropes, and binding falling stones at the lower ends of the seedling ropes;
(2) the upper end of the seedling rope bundle is tied to the boom rope, hanging cultivation is carried out, during hanging cultivation, at least more than 8 days of the asparagus seedlings are ensured to live in the environment with the water temperature lower than 8 ℃ from 12 months in winter to 4 months in the next year, after the water temperature reaches 12 ℃, propagation is carried out, and the surface layer flat cultivation mode is adopted as the propagation cultivation mode;
in the step (1), the diameter of the seedling rope is 0.55cm, and the length of the seedling rope is 3-5 m; every rice seedling rope clamp contains 100-400g of asparagus, 10-40g of asparagus seedlings are taken as one cluster, the one cluster of asparagus seedlings are clamped on the seedling rope every 5-10cm, and the one cluster of asparagus seedlings are clamped in the middle of the asparagus seedlings during seedling clamping.
2. The method for culturing asparagus for avoiding culture diseases and preferably resisting low-temperature seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pendant is taken down during propagation, the seedling rope bundle is disassembled, and both ends and the middle of the seedling rope for clamping seedlings are tied to different parallel ropes.
3. The method for cultivating asparagus for avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably resisting low-temperature seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the seedling rope is a three-strand synthetic polyethylene fiber blended rope, and the asparagus seedlings are clamped in gaps of the three-strand rope.
4. A asparagus cultivation method avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably resisting low-temperature seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the binding ropes are polyethylene binding ropes with the diameter of 0.2 cm.
5. A asparagus cultivation method avoiding cultivation diseases and preferably resisting low-temperature seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the falling stones is 0.2-2 kg.
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