CN113178760A - Silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheet - Google Patents
Silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheet Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IHWJXGQYRBHUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Pt] Chemical compound [Ag].[Pt] IHWJXGQYRBHUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/022—Details for dynamo electric machines characterised by the materials used, e.g. ceramics
- H01R39/025—Conductive materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheets, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2: 8-10: 0.2-0.3 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material to form an alloy strip. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet effectively meets the comprehensive requirements of high hardness and wear resistance, enhanced environmental erosion resistance, improved electrical contact characteristics, prolonged service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of commutators, in particular to a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing a commutator copper sheet.
Background
The surface of the electric contact material is susceptible to the influence of the surrounding environment to cause poor contact and reduced equipment reliability, and common electric contact material corrosion failure media mainly comprise dust and atmospheric corrosive media. China is a dusty country, and the components which directly affect dust are very complicated due to the formation and contact failure of the dust to corrosive substances. The dust contains about 80% (by weight) of inorganic matter, 20% of organic matter, and a certain amount of water-soluble salts in the inorganic matter. When dust particles are attached to the surface of the electric contact material, water molecules in the atmosphere are easily adsorbed in the atmospheric environment, and water-soluble salts in the dust enable the dust to absorb moisture more easily to form electrolyte. When the electrolyte covers the metal surface and the electrode potential difference is large, electrochemical corrosion occurs. Dust can absorb moisture to become electrolyte, and corrosive ions in the dust can also directly participate in metal corrosion, so that the failure of electrical contact is caused. Therefore, the dust actually acts as an "accelerated corrosion" during the corrosion process on the surface of the electrical contact material. Surface corrosion usually occurs simultaneously with dust as a result of the combined effects of corrosive gases and dust corrosion in the atmospheric environment.
The wear resistance of the electrical contact material is of great significance to the contact reliability and the service life of the contact. Sliding contact pairs of a rotary switch, a potentiometer, a micromotor commutator and the like all belong to sliding electrical contact elements. Wear in sliding electrical contacts is the result of a combination of relative sliding friction between the contacting elements in purely mechanical conditions and arc erosion in live operation conditions, heat and temperature generated by the mutual frictional movement and current conduction effects having a significant effect on wear. Pure mechanical wear of a contact material when not energized in the atmosphere can account for a significant proportion of the total wear amount of the material, and it is therefore of great importance to investigate the mechanical frictional wear properties of the contact material.
With the progress of science and technology, electronic components are developed towards high performance, miniaturization, flattening, multiple functions and intellectualization, the performance requirements on used functional materials are gradually improved, and the development of novel environment-friendly and high-performance composite electric contact materials is powerfully promoted. In recent years, adding a self-lubricating material into a silver alloy to prepare a silver-based composite material becomes a research hotspot for improving the frictional wear performance of a silver-based electric contact material, and in addition, the diversification of a noble metal multilayer alloy is also an important development direction, so that the requirements of electronic components on the hardness, wear resistance and environmental erosion resistance of the material can be met, the electric contact performance of the material is improved, and the service life of the material is prolonged. In order to meet the requirement that the wear resistance and the conductivity of the existing alloy material cannot meet the existing requirements, the invention provides the silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet on the basis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing a commutator copper sheet, which effectively meets the comprehensive requirements of high hardness and wear resistance, enhanced environmental corrosion resistance, improved electrical contact property, prolonged service life and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheets comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2: 8-10: 0.2-0.3 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material to form an alloy strip.
Further, the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.3-0.4 mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing.
Further, the annealing is performed on N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-3 h, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 35-40% every time of annealing.
Further, the internal oxidation reaction comprises: cutting a silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and introducing O into the alloy round sheets2And carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain the AgPtCuOMgO alloy material.
Further, the oxidation temperature in the internal oxidation reaction is 700-800 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5-1 atm, and the oxidation time is 2-3 h.
Furthermore, the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%.
Further, the preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: and performing surface treatment on the oxygen-free copper base material and the silver-based alloy multilayer material, grooving on the oxygen-free copper base material after the surface treatment is completed, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample.
Further, the surface treatment step is as follows: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, after internal oxidation reaction treatment, metal magnesium and metal copper can be oxidized to form magnesium oxide and copper oxide, and the magnesium oxide and the copper oxide are dispersed in a silver-platinum alloy matrix in a highly dispersed particle state, and have a low friction coefficient as hard particles in the friction process, so that the abrasion mode of an electric brush-commutator friction pair is changed (the adhesion abrasion is converted into abrasive wear) when a motor runs, the abrasion speed is reduced, the service life of the motor is obviously prolonged, and the alloy performance is obviously enhanced, and the electric brush-commutator friction pair has good elasticity, electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength;
secondly, the introduction of the metal platinum can enable the silver and the platinum to form a continuous solid solution, and when the ratio of the parts by weight of the silver to the parts by weight of the platinum is 0.2-2: 0.1-0.2, the hardness and mechanical property of the silver-copper alloy can be improved, the vulcanization tendency of the metal is improved, a good corrosion resistance effect is achieved, and in addition, the resistivity of the alloy material can be further improved after the platinum metal is introduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit the invention further.
The invention relates to a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheets, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2: 8-10: 0.2-0.3 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material to form an alloy strip; the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%;
the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.3-0.4 mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing;
the annealing is carried out at N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-3 h, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 35-40% every time of annealing.
Wherein the internal oxidation reaction comprises: cutting a silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and introducing O into the alloy round sheets2Carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain an AgPtCuOMgO alloy material; in the internal oxidation reaction, the oxidation temperature is 700-800 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5-1 atm, and the oxidation time is 2-3 h.
The preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: carrying out surface treatment on an oxygen-free copper base material and a silver-based alloy multilayer material, slotting on the oxygen-free copper base material after the treatment is finished, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample; wherein the surface treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing a commutator copper sheet, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.15: 9: 0.25 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material into an alloy strip; the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.3 mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing; what is needed isAnnealing at N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5 h, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 37 percent every time of annealing;
(2) internal oxidation reaction: cutting a silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and introducing O into the alloy round sheets2Carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain an AgPtCuOMgO alloy material; in the internal oxidation reaction, the oxidation temperature is 750 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5atm, and the oxidation time is 2.5 h;
(3) the preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: carrying out surface treatment on an oxygen-free copper base material and a silver-based alloy multilayer material, slotting on the oxygen-free copper base material after the treatment is finished, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample; wherein the surface treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing a commutator copper sheet, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2: 10: 0.3 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material into an alloy strip; the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.4mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing; the annealing is carried out at N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 40 percent every time of annealing;
(2) internal oxidation reaction: cutting the silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and connecting the alloy round sheetsWith O2Carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain an AgPtCuOMgO alloy material; in the internal oxidation reaction, the oxidation temperature is 800 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 1 atm, and the oxidation time is 3 h;
(3) the preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: carrying out surface treatment on an oxygen-free copper base material and a silver-based alloy multilayer material, slotting on the oxygen-free copper base material after the treatment is finished, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample; wherein the surface treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing a commutator copper sheet, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1: 8: 0.2 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material into an alloy strip; the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.3 mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing; the annealing is carried out at N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 35 percent every time of annealing;
(2) internal oxidation reaction: cutting a silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and introducing O into the alloy round sheets2Carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain an AgPtCuOMgO alloy material; in the internal oxidation reaction, the oxidation temperature is 700 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5atm, and the oxidation time is 2 h;
(3) the preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: carrying out surface treatment on an oxygen-free copper base material and a silver-based alloy multilayer material, slotting on the oxygen-free copper base material after the treatment is finished, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample; wherein the surface treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
Unlike example 1, the feedstock in comparative example 1 did not include metallic platinum; comparative example 2 the feed did not include magnesium metal; in comparative example 3, the AgPtCuOMgO alloy material after internal oxidation is not recombined with the oxygen-free copper base material; in comparative example 4, the alloy material was directly compounded with an oxygen-free copper base material without undergoing an internal oxidation reaction to obtain AgPtCuMg/TU 1.
The materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested:
utilize HSR-2M reciprocal friction wear test machine, carried out mechanical friction wear test to the silver-based electric contact material of different compositions, adopted ball/plane contact mode, for accelerated wear, adopted diameter 3 mm's GCr15 to the ball, hardness: 62HRC, Ra: 0.019 μm;
the friction test comprises the following main parameters:
1) the normal load is 10N;
2) the running speed is 300 r/min;
3) the test temperatures were room temperature and 80 ℃.
And the IACS conductivity, hardness, tensile strength and elongation of the material were measured.
The results are summarized in table 1 below:
table 1: material property parameters obtained in examples and comparative examples
Further, when the metal material and the electrolyte solution are brought into contact with each other, a redox reaction involving free electrons occurs at the solid/liquid interface, resulting in contact with the electrolyte solutionThe metal at the contact surface is changed into metal ions to dissolve or generate compounds such as hydroxide and oxide, so that the performance of the metal material is damaged, and the process is called electrochemical corrosion; one of the important methods for studying electrochemical corrosion is the measurement and analysis of polarization curves; the alloy materials in the examples and the comparative examples were treated with Na at different concentrations2And (3) carrying out electrochemical corrosion in the S solution, wherein the self-corrosion potential of the alloy is in a tendency of decreasing with the increase of the concentration of the solution, which shows that the alloy is more seriously corroded with the increase of the concentration. In addition, the raw materials for preparing the alloy in the embodiment comprise noble metal platinum and metal magnesium, the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out internal oxidation reaction and then compounding with an oxygen-free copper base material to obtain AgPtCuOMgO/TU1, the corrosion current density is lower compared with that of the alloy material prepared in the comparative example, and the corrosion in the comparative example is slightly accelerated compared with that of the material in the embodiment, which shows that the silver-copper alloy material provided by the application has certain corrosion resistance.
Furthermore, in the wear-resisting experiment, the test load is increased, the GCr15 pair grinding balls with higher hardness are selected as friction pair materials, and the friction and wear performance of the alloy under the condition of high load is inspected; after the materials in the embodiment are subjected to a wear-resisting experiment, the surfaces of the materials only have slight grinding marks, and obvious phenomena of abrasive dust and edge cellular peeling are not found; in the comparative examples, the surfaces of the materials are abraded to different degrees, and some abrasive dust exists; compared with the examples, the abrasion loss of each alloy in the comparative example is obviously increased; this may be due to the fact that the internal oxidation reaction of the precious metal material and the magnesium metal has some effect on the adhesion, and the alloy material that has not undergone the internal oxidation reaction increases the ductility of the alloy during the rubbing process, thereby increasing the actual contact area and causing greater adhesion.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents may be substituted; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the present invention and protected by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.2: 8-10: 0.2-0.3 of Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg, wherein the Ag-Cu alloy material is prepared by smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials through a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and then is subjected to internal oxidation reaction treatment and is rolled with an oxygen-free copper base material to form an alloy strip.
2. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the silver-copper alloy material sheet comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of smelting Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg raw materials in a ZGJL0.01-40-4 type vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace in an atmospheric environment to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot by using sand paper, rolling the alloy ingot on a rolling mill, and finally rolling the alloy ingot into a sheet with the thickness of 0.3-0.4 mm through multi-pass rolling and intermediate recrystallization annealing.
3. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing commutator copper sheets as claimed in claim 2, wherein the annealing is performed on N2The annealing is carried out under protection, the annealing temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-3 h, and the thickness of the alloy sheet is reduced by 35-40% every time of annealing.
4. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 2, wherein the internal oxidation reaction comprises: cutting a silver-copper alloy sheet into alloy round sheets, and introducing O into the alloy round sheets2And carrying out internal oxidation reaction in a tubular furnace of airflow to obtain the AgPtCuOMgO alloy material.
5. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation temperature in the internal oxidation reaction is 700-800 ℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5-1 atm, and the oxidation time is 2-3 h.
6. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 1, wherein the purities of the Ag, Pt, Cu and Mg metal materials are all 99.99%.
7. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the alloy strip comprises the following steps: and performing surface treatment on the oxygen-free copper base material and the silver-based alloy multilayer material, grooving on the oxygen-free copper base material after the surface treatment is completed, inlaying an AgPtCuOMgO intermediate alloy material obtained through internal oxidation reaction into a positioning groove on a composite rolling mill by using a solid phase composite method, and rolling to prepare an AgPtCuOMgO/TU1 composite blank sample.
8. The silver-copper alloy material for manufacturing the commutator copper sheet according to claim 7, wherein the surface treatment step is: firstly, cleaning with acetone, then cleaning with water and drying.
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| CN101217226A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | A weak current slide contact material |
| CN102189719A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-21 | 上海集强金属工业有限公司 | Silver-base alloy laminated composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103757460A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Electric brush with age-hardening effect and use thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101217226A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-07-09 | 重庆川仪总厂有限公司 | A weak current slide contact material |
| CN102189719A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-21 | 上海集强金属工业有限公司 | Silver-base alloy laminated composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103757460A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Electric brush with age-hardening effect and use thereof |
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