CN113172405A - Multi-pressure-head automatic switching type press-fitting equipment - Google Patents
Multi-pressure-head automatic switching type press-fitting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113172405A CN113172405A CN202110418912.0A CN202110418912A CN113172405A CN 113172405 A CN113172405 A CN 113172405A CN 202110418912 A CN202110418912 A CN 202110418912A CN 113172405 A CN113172405 A CN 113172405A
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 101100328887 Caenorhabditis elegans col-34 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
- B23P19/027—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same using hydraulic or pneumatic means
Abstract
The application relates to automatic switching type press fitting equipment with multiple press heads, which comprises a workbench, a main driving mechanism and a press head; the pressure head is used for connecting parts; the device also comprises a pressing plate, a switching mechanism, a tooling plate and a turnover mechanism; the pressing plate is connected with the main driving mechanism; the main driving mechanism is used for driving the pressing plate to be close to the workbench; the plurality of pressure heads are rotatably connected with the pressure plate, and the rotating axis is vertical to the moving direction of the pressure plate; the switching mechanism is used for driving the drive pressure head to rotate; the switching mechanism enables the axis of only one pressure head to be parallel to the moving direction of the pressure plate; the tooling plate is rotationally connected with the workbench, and the rotation axis is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate; the tooling plate is used for fixing a workpiece; the turnover mechanism is used for driving the tooling plate to rotate. When the workpiece is provided with a plurality of positions and the front side and the back side of the workpiece are required to be pressed with parts, the workpiece is arranged on the tooling plate, and the plurality of parts are correspondingly arranged on the plurality of pressing heads; the switching mechanism and the turnover mechanism synchronously act to replace the pressing head and turn over the workpiece, and then press-fitting of the part on the other side of the workpiece is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of press fitting equipment, in particular to multi-press-head automatic switching type press fitting equipment.
Background
Press fitting refers to the assembly process of pressing two parts in interference fit into a fit position. The following are common: embedding the bearing into the bearing seat, sleeving the bearing on the periphery of the shaft, embedding the sealing ring into the hole, sleeving the sealing ring on the periphery of the shaft, and the like; and the press mounting of the bearing or the sealing ring is completed by utilizing press mounting equipment.
Generally, the press-fitting equipment comprises a workbench, a press head and a main driving mechanism; the workbench is used for placing workpieces (such as a cover body of a gearbox, a cover body of a water pump, a cover body of an oil pump and the like); the pressure head is cylindrical and is used for sleeving parts (such as a bearing and a sealing ring) on the periphery of the pressure head; the main driving mechanism can adopt a hydraulic device and is used for driving the pressure head to be close to the workbench so as to press the part on the periphery of the pressure head onto the workpiece.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that when there are many parts to be press-fitted on a workpiece, the workpiece needs to be circulated among a plurality of press-fitting devices, and press-fitting of each part is completed in sequence by means of the plurality of press-fitting devices, which occupies a large space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the occupation of the press fitting equipment to the space, the application provides a many pressure heads automatic switch-over formula press fitting equipment.
The application provides a many pressure heads automatic switch-over formula pressure equipment adopts following technical scheme:
a multi-press head automatic switching type press mounting device comprises a workbench, a main driving mechanism and a press head; the pressure head is used for connecting parts; the device also comprises a pressing plate, a switching mechanism, a tooling plate and a turnover mechanism;
the pressure plate is connected with the main driving mechanism; the main driving mechanism is used for driving the pressing plate to be close to the workbench;
the pressing heads are rotatably connected with the pressing plate, and the rotating axis of the pressing heads is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate;
the switching mechanism is connected with the pressure plate and is used for driving the pressure head to rotate; and the switching mechanism enables the axis of only one pressure head to be parallel to the moving direction of the pressure plate;
the tooling plate is rotatably connected with the workbench, and the rotating axis is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate; the tooling plate is used for fixing a workpiece;
the turnover mechanism is used for driving the tooling plate to rotate.
By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of parts needing to be pressed are arranged on the workpiece, when the front side and the back side of the workpiece are pressed, the workpiece is arranged on the tooling plate, and the plurality of parts are correspondingly arranged on the plurality of pressing heads; the switching mechanism enables the axis of only one pressure head to be parallel to the moving direction of the pressure plate, and the main driving mechanism acts once, so that the parts on the pressure head are pressed on the workpiece; then, the switching mechanism enables the press head which finishes press mounting to be separated, the axis of the other press head is enabled to be parallel to the moving direction of the press plate, and the main driving mechanism acts once again, so that the part on the press head is pressed onto the workpiece;
and if necessary, the switching mechanism and the turnover mechanism synchronously act to replace the pressing head and turn over the workpiece, and then press fitting of the part is completed on the other surface of the workpiece.
Optionally, the switching mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a gear, a rack and a switching cylinder;
the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the pressing plate around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate;
the gear is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft;
the rack is connected with the pressing plate in a sliding manner and is meshed with the gear;
the cylinder body of the switching cylinder is connected with the pressing plate, and a piston rod of the switching cylinder is connected with the rack;
the switching mechanism corresponds to the pressure heads one by one, and the pressure heads are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.
By adopting the technical scheme, the replacement of the pressure head is completed, and the moving direction of the pressure plate parallel to the axis of only one pressure head is realized.
Optionally, a calibration groove is formed in the end face, facing the workbench, of the pressure plate; the calibration groove is positioned on one side of the rotation axis of the pressure head;
the inner periphery of the calibration groove is a conical surface, and one end with the larger diameter faces the workbench;
one end of the pressure head is coaxially provided with a calibration block; the outer periphery of the calibration block is used for fitting the inner periphery of the calibration groove.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conical outer periphery of the calibration block is attached to the conical inner periphery of the calibration groove, so that the positioning of the pressure head is completed; meanwhile, in the press-fitting process, the extrusion force between the pressure plate and the pressure head is matched with the conical periphery of the calibration block and the conical inner periphery of the calibration groove, so that the automatic centering of the pressure head is realized.
Optionally, the device further comprises a supporting frame and a positioning block;
the supporting frame is connected with the workbench, and the tooling plate is rotatably connected with the supporting frame;
the positioning block is fixedly connected with the support frame and is used for abutting against the end face of the tooling plate;
two positioning blocks are arranged at intervals and positioned on two sides of the rotation axis of the tooling plate;
the tooling plate is provided with an avoiding groove, and the avoiding groove is positioned on one side of the rotation axis of the tooling plate; when the tool plate rotates, the avoiding groove is used for a certain positioning block to pass through.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the workpiece is turned over, the position of the tooling plate is limited by the positioning block so as to position the tooling plate in two states, and the two states of the tooling plate respectively correspond to the front side of the workpiece facing the pressing plate and the back side of the workpiece facing the pressing plate; and further realizing press mounting of parts on the front and back surfaces of the workpiece.
Optionally, the device also comprises a bearing block and a bearing cylinder;
the bearing block is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the bearing block is parallel to that of the pressing plate; the bearing block is positioned on one side of the tooling plate, which is far away from the pressure head;
the cylinder body of the bearing cylinder is connected with the workbench, and a piston rod of the bearing cylinder is connected with one end of the bearing block, which is far away from the tooling plate;
the bearing block is used for abutting against a workpiece towards the end face of the tooling plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, during press mounting, the bearing cylinder drives the bearing block to be close to and abut against the workpiece, and then the main driving mechanism enables the pressing head to move downwards and press the part onto the workpiece; in the press fitting process, the extrusion force between the workpiece and the tooling plate is greatly reduced, the load born by the tooling plate is reduced, and the tooling plate is prevented from being damaged.
Optionally, the device further comprises a sliding seat and a sliding cylinder;
the sliding seat is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the sliding seat is vertical to that of the pressing plate;
the cylinder body of the sliding cylinder is fixedly connected with the workbench, and the piston rod of the sliding cylinder is connected with the sliding seat;
and the cylinder body of the bearing cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding seat.
By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of parts to be pressed are arranged on the workpiece, namely a plurality of areas to be pressed are correspondingly arranged on the workpiece, when the part is pressed to a certain area to be pressed, the sliding cylinder drives the sliding seat to move firstly, so that the bearing block moves to be opposite to the area to be pressed; and then, the bearing cylinder drives the bearing block to move and abut against the area to be pressed.
Optionally, the device further comprises a moving frame, an input shaft, an output shaft and a transmission assembly;
the moving frame is connected with the workbench in a sliding mode, and the sliding direction of the moving frame is perpendicular to the moving direction of the pressing plate; the tooling plate is rotationally connected with the movable frame;
the input shaft is rotatably connected with the movable frame around the axis of the input shaft; the input shaft is detachably connected with the turnover mechanism;
the output shaft is rotatably connected with the movable frame around the axis of the output shaft, and the output shaft is fixedly connected with the tooling plate;
the transmission assembly is arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft and used for transmitting torque.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needing to install the work piece to the frock board or need take out the work piece from the frock board, can break off the connection between input shaft and the tilting mechanism earlier, the removal frame that slides again for parts such as clamp plate are kept away from to the removal frame, and then for the installation of work piece or take out provide great operating space, the installation or the taking out of the work piece of being convenient for.
Optionally, the turnover mechanism includes a turnover motor and a transmission shaft;
a motor shell of the turnover motor is connected with the workbench;
the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with a motor shaft of the turnover motor;
the input shaft is coaxial with the transmission shaft, and the input shaft is detachably connected with the transmission shaft.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the upset motor drive input shaft to rotate, and then realize the upset of drive frock board and the work piece on it.
Optionally, the turnover mechanism further comprises a turnover cylinder and a turnover seat;
the cylinder body of the turnover cylinder is fixedly connected with the workbench;
the overturning seat is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the overturning seat is parallel to the transmission shaft; a piston rod of the overturning cylinder is connected with the overturning seat; a motor shell of the turnover motor is fixedly connected with the turnover seat;
a sleeve is coaxially arranged at one end of the transmission shaft, which is far away from the overturning motor; the sleeve is used for being sleeved to the periphery of the input shaft along the axial direction;
the inner periphery of the sleeve is provided with a limiting block; a limiting groove is formed in the periphery of the input shaft; the limiting block is used for being embedded into the limiting groove, and circumferential fixation between the sleeve and the input shaft is achieved.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, realize that input shaft and transmission shaft are coaxial, and the input shaft can dismantle the connection transmission shaft.
Optionally, the device further comprises a positioning cylinder, a positioning frame and a positioning pin;
the cylinder body of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected with the workbench; a piston rod of the positioning cylinder is vertical to the sliding direction of the movable frame;
the positioning frame is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the positioning frame is parallel to the piston rod of the positioning cylinder; the positioning frame is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the positioning cylinder;
the positioning pin is arranged at one end of the positioning frame facing the moving frame;
the movable frame is provided with a positioning hole for embedding the positioning pin.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the workpiece is installed or taken down, the tooling plate slides along with the moving frame, and the tooling plate and the pressure head relatively move; when the movable frame, the tooling plate and the workpiece on the tooling plate move to be opposite to the pressure head, the positioning cylinder acts to enable the positioning pin to be inserted into the positioning hole, positioning between the movable frame and the workbench is completed, and then positioning between the tooling plate and the workpiece on the tooling plate and the pressure head is completed, so that the part is accurately pressed and mounted on the workpiece.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the workpiece is arranged on the tool plate, and the plurality of parts are correspondingly arranged on the plurality of pressure heads; the switching mechanism enables the axis of only one pressure head to be parallel to the moving direction of the pressure plate, and the main driving mechanism acts once, so that the parts on the pressure head are pressed on the workpiece; then, the switching mechanism enables the press head which finishes press mounting to be separated, the axis of the other press head is enabled to be parallel to the moving direction of the press plate, and the main driving mechanism acts once again, so that the part on the press head is pressed onto the workpiece;
2. the switching mechanism and the turnover mechanism synchronously act to replace the pressing head and turn over the workpiece, and then press-fitting of the part on the other side of the workpiece is completed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the front surface of a workpiece.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the reverse side of the workpiece.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the press-fitting apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the platen.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the switching mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the engagement between the ram and the platen.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the mobile tool.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the turnover mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the relative position between the moving frame and the positioning mechanism.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the positioning mechanism.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the relative position between the table and the positioning mechanism.
Figure 12 is a schematic view of the relative position of the mobile frame and the racking mechanism.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the construction of the racking mechanism.
Description of reference numerals: 0. a workpiece; 01. a bearing groove; 02. a sealing groove;
1. a frame; 11. a base; 12. a column; 13. a top seat; 14. a work table; 141. a guide groove;
2. moving the tool; 21. a movable frame; 211. positioning holes; 212. connecting sleeves; 22. a support frame; 23. assembling a plate; 231. mounting holes; 232. an avoidance groove; 24. a chuck; 25. positioning blocks; 26. an input shaft; 27. an output shaft; 28. a transmission assembly;
3. a main drive mechanism;
4. a pressure head; 41. a main body; 42. a connecting portion; 43. a calibration block;
5. pressing a plate; 51. a top plate; 52. a support block; 53. a base plate; 531. a calibration slot; 54. a guide bar;
6. a switching mechanism; 61. a bearing seat; 62. a rotating shaft; 63. a gear; 64. a rack; 65. switching cylinders;
7. a turnover mechanism; 71. a turning seat; 72. a cylinder is turned over; 73. turning over a motor; 74. a drive shaft; 75. a sleeve;
8. a positioning mechanism; 81. a blocking frame; 811. a cross bar; 812. erecting a rod; 82. a blocking cylinder; 83. a positioning frame; 831. a substrate; 832. a guide bar; 833. positioning a plate; 834. positioning pins; 84. a positioning cylinder; 85. cushion blocks; 86. a push-pull cylinder;
9. a support mechanism; 91. a bearing cylinder; 92. a bearing block; 93. a sliding seat; 94. a sliding cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-13.
Referring to fig. 1, three bearing grooves 01 are formed in the front surface of a workpiece 0, and a bearing needs to be coaxially pressed in the bearing grooves 01. Referring to fig. 2, a sealing groove 02 is formed in the reverse side of the workpiece 0, the sealing groove 02 is coaxial with one of the bearing grooves 01, and a sealing ring needs to be coaxially pressed in the sealing groove 02. Namely, the bearing groove 01 and the sealing groove 02 are regions to be pressed.
Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment of the application discloses a multi-press-head 4 automatic switching type press-fitting device, which comprises a rack 1, a movable tool 2, a main driving mechanism 3 and a press head 4.
The frame 1 comprises a base 11, a vertical column 12, a top seat 13 and a workbench 14; the upright 12 extends in the vertical direction, the top seat 13 is located right above the base 11, and a space for accommodating the rest of the components is formed between the top seat 13 and the base 11.
The workbench 14 is fixedly connected with the base 11; the movable tool 2 is connected with the workbench 14 in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, and the movable tool 2 is used for installing and fixing the workpiece 0; the main driving mechanism 3 is connected with the top seat 13, and the main driving mechanism 3 is used for driving the pressure head 4 to move along the vertical direction so as to be close to or far away from the movable tool 2; the pressure head 4 is in a round rod shape and is used for sleeving parts.
The main drive mechanism 3 may employ a main drive cylinder. The cylinder body fixed connection footstock 13 of main actuating cylinder, the piston rod of main actuating cylinder is flexible along vertical direction to drive the drive ram 4 and remove along vertical direction. In this embodiment, the top base 13 is hollow for installing the main driving cylinder; at the same time, the piston rod of the main drive cylinder extends downward through the top seat 13.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a platen 5 and a switching mechanism 6 are connected between the main drive mechanism 3 and the ram 4.
The pressing plate 5 is horizontally disposed and includes a top plate 51, a supporting block 52, and a bottom plate 53, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom. The upper end of the top plate 51 is used for connecting a piston rod of a main driving cylinder in the main driving mechanism 3; the upper end of the top plate 51 is also connected with a guide rod 54 which is vertically arranged, and the guide rod 54 penetrates through the top base 13 upwards to provide guidance for the movement of the pressing plate 5.
The supporting blocks 52 are connected to the lower end of the top plate 51, and a plurality of supporting blocks 52 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the bottom plate 53 is connected to the lower end of the support block 52. Spaces for mounting the switching mechanism 6 are formed between the adjacent support blocks 52 and between the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 53.
Referring to fig. 5, the switching mechanism 6 includes a bearing housing 61, a rotation shaft 62, a gear 63, a rack 64, and a switching cylinder 65. The bearing seat 61 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bottom plate 53; the rotating shaft 62 is connected with the bearing seat 61 through a bearing, and the axis of the rotating shaft 62 is horizontal and rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft; the gear 63 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 62; the rack 64 is arranged in a sliding way and is meshed with the gear 63; the cylinder body of the switching cylinder 65 is fixedly connected with the pressure plate 5, and the piston rod of the switching cylinder 65 is fixedly connected with the rack 64 to drive the rack 64 to reciprocate.
The ram 4 includes a main body 41 and a connecting portion 42; the connecting portion 42 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the main body 41, and one end of the connecting portion 42 extends in the axial direction of the main body 41; one end of the connecting part 42, which extends out, is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft 62, so that the pressure head 4 is connected with the pressure plate 5 in a rotating way around the axis of the rotating shaft 62; at the same time, the bottom plate 53 avoids the rotation of the connecting portion 42.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the periphery of one end of the main body 41 away from the rotating shaft 62 is used for sleeving a bearing and a sealing ring; the end surface of the main body 41 facing the rotating shaft 62 is coaxially provided with a calibration block 43; the bottom plate 53 is provided at the lower end thereof with a calibration groove 531 for the alignment block 43 to be inserted therein. In this embodiment, the calibration block 43 is a frustum, the periphery of which is tapered, and the bottom surface with smaller diameter faces the rotating shaft 62; the side walls of the alignment groove 531 are also tapered for engaging the outer periphery of the alignment block 43.
In this example, according to the three bearing grooves 01 of the workpiece 0, the number of the pressing heads 4 and the number of the switching mechanism 6 are three, and the switching mechanism 6 makes the axis of only one pressing head 4 vertical and the axes of the other two pressing heads 4 horizontal.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the movable tool 2 includes a movable frame 21, a support frame 22, a tool plate 23, and a chuck 24.
The movable frame 21 is plate-shaped and horizontally arranged, and the movable frame 21 is connected with the workbench 14 in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction; the support frames 22 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving frame 21, the support frames 22 are plate-shaped and are vertically arranged, and two support frames 22 are arranged side by side; a space for accommodating the tool plate 23 is formed between the two support frames 22; the tooling plate 23 is rotatably connected to the support frame 22, and the rotation axis is horizontally arranged.
The tool plate 23 is provided with an installation hole 231 for the workpiece 0 to be embedded, and the installation hole 231 penetrates through the tool plate 23, so that the bearing groove 01 and the sealing groove 02 of the workpiece 0 are not shielded. A plurality of collets 24 are spaced around the mounting hole 231 to secure the workpiece 0 within the mounting hole 231.
The movable tool 2 further comprises a positioning block 25 connected to the support frame 22, and the positioning block 25 is used for abutting against the end face of the tool plate 23; two positioning blocks 25 are arranged on each supporting frame 22 at intervals, and the two positioning blocks 25 are positioned on two sides of the rotating axis of the tooling plate 23; the tooling plate 23 is provided with an avoiding groove 232, and the avoiding groove 232 is positioned on one side of the rotation axis of the tooling plate 23; when the tool plate 23 rotates, the avoiding groove 232 is used for one of the positioning blocks 25 to pass through. The tooling plate 23 is turned over by 180 ° precisely through the two positioning blocks 25, and when the tooling plate 23 is at 0 ° or 180 °, the front side of the workpiece 0 faces upward and the back side of the workpiece 0 faces upward respectively.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the base 11 is further provided with a turnover mechanism 7 for driving the tooling plate 23 to turn over.
The mobile tooling 2 further comprises an input shaft 26, an output shaft 27 and a transmission assembly 28. The input shaft 26 is vertically arranged and is positioned on one side of the support frame 22, which is far away from the tooling plate 23, and the input shaft 26 is rotatably connected with the support frame 22 around the axis of the input shaft 26; meanwhile, the input shaft 26 is used for connecting the turnover mechanism 7 to receive torque; the output shaft 27 is horizontally arranged and penetrates through the support frame 22, one end of the output shaft 27 is connected with the upper end of the input shaft 26 through the transmission assembly 28, and the other end of the output shaft 27 is fixedly connected with the tool plate 23 and enables the tool plate 23 to rotate around the axis of the output shaft 27.
The transmission assembly 28 may employ a bevel gear 63 transmission to effect torque transfer between the input shaft 26 and the output shaft 27 that are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 28 is a worm gear mechanism, and the worm is coaxially connected to the input shaft 26, and the worm gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft 27.
Referring to fig. 8, the turnover mechanism 7 includes a turnover base 71, a turnover cylinder 72, a turnover motor 73, and a transmission shaft 74.
The overturning seat 71, the overturning cylinder 72 and the overturning motor 73 are all positioned below the workbench 14; the overturning seat 71 is connected with the base 11 in a sliding manner along the vertical direction; the cylinder body of the turning cylinder 72 is fixedly connected with the base 11, the piston rod of the turning cylinder 72 extends and retracts along the vertical direction, and the piston rod of the turning cylinder 72 is fixedly connected with the turning seat 71. The shell of the turnover motor 73 is fixedly connected with the turnover seat 71, and the output shaft of the turnover motor 73 is vertical; the transmission shaft 74 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the turnover motor 73; the upper end of the transmission shaft 74 upwards penetrates through the workbench 14 and is coaxially connected with a sleeve 75, a limiting block is arranged in the sleeve 75, and a limiting groove is formed in the periphery of the input shaft 26; the limiting block is used for being embedded into the limiting groove, and circumferential fixation between the sleeve 75 and the input shaft 26 is achieved.
In this embodiment, the inner circumference of the sleeve 75 is provided with an internal spline, and the spline is a limiting block; the outer periphery of the lower end of the input shaft 26 is provided with an external spline, and a limit groove is formed between adjacent splines. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the flipping base 71 is slidably connected to the base 11 along the vertical direction, a vertical guide rail may be disposed on the base 11, and the flipping base 71 is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the guide rail.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, to facilitate connection of the turnover mechanism 7 to the input shaft 26, a positioning mechanism 8 is also provided on the table 14. The positioning mechanism 8 includes a blocking frame 81, a blocking cylinder 82, a positioning frame 83, and a positioning cylinder 84.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the blocking frame 81 is slidably connected to the worktable 14 in a vertical direction, and the blocking frame 81 includes a horizontal cross bar 811 and a vertical upright 812; the table 14 is clear of the movement of the crossbar 811 and the uprights 812 slide through the table 14 and effect guidance. The cylinder body of the blocking cylinder 82 is fixedly connected with the workbench 14, the piston rod of the blocking cylinder 82 extends and retracts in the vertical direction, and the piston rod of the blocking cylinder 82 is fixedly connected with the cross rod 811.
Meanwhile, two groups of blocking frames 81 and blocking cylinders 82 are arranged along the sliding direction of the movable tool 2; so that the upper end peripheries of the uprights 812 of the two blocking brackets 81 serve to abut both ends of the moving frame 21 in the self-sliding direction.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the positioning frame 83 and the positioning cylinder 84 are located between the two blocking frames 81; the positioning frame 83 is slidably connected to the worktable 14 along a vertical direction, and the positioning frame 83 includes a base plate 831, a guide rod 832 and a positioning plate 833 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The base plate 831 is horizontally disposed and located below the table 14; the guide rod 832 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the guide rod 832 is fixedly connected with the substrate 831; the upper end of the guide rod 832 upwards penetrates through the workbench 14 and realizes guiding; the locating plate 833 is connected in the upper end of guide arm 832, and the upper end of locating plate 833 is equipped with locating pin 834, and the axis of locating pin 834 is vertical.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the movable frame 21 is provided with a positioning hole 211, and the positioning hole 211 is used for the positioning pin 834 to be inserted.
Referring to fig. 10, the positioning mechanism 8 further includes a spacer 85 and a push-pull cylinder 86. The cushion block 85 is connected to the upper end surface of the workbench 14 in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction; the cylinder body of the push-pull cylinder 86 is fixedly connected with the workbench 14, the piston rod of the push-pull cylinder 86 extends and retracts along the horizontal direction, and the piston rod of the push-pull cylinder 86 is fixedly connected with the cushion block 85 so as to drive the cushion block 85 to move in a reciprocating mode.
When the positioning cylinder 84 drives the positioning frame 83 to move upwards, the positioning pin 834 is inserted into the positioning hole 211, and the lower end surface of the positioning plate 833 is higher than the upper end surface of the cushion block 85; then, the push-pull cylinder 86 acts to slide the cushion block 85 to the lower part of the positioning plate 833; at this time, if the positioning cylinder 84 is depressurized, the positioning plate 833 abuts against the cushion block 85 to ensure that the positioning pin 834 is inserted into the positioning hole 211.
Referring to fig. 3 and 12, in the press fitting process, in order to reduce the extrusion force between the workpiece 0 and the tooling plate 23, a supporting mechanism 9 is further arranged below the movable tooling 2.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the supporting mechanism 9 includes a supporting cylinder 91 and a supporting block 92. The cylinder body of the bearing cylinder 91 is connected with the workbench 14, the piston rod of the bearing cylinder 91 extends and retracts in the vertical direction, and the piston rod of the bearing cylinder 91 upwards penetrates through the workbench 14 and the moving frame 21; bearing block 92 fixed connection is in the upper end of the piston rod of bearing cylinder 91, and the upper surface of bearing block 92 sets up according to work piece 0 conformal, is favorable to bearing block 92's upper surface to laminate the surface of work piece 0.
Meanwhile, the supporting mechanism 9 further includes a sliding seat 93 and a sliding cylinder 94; the sliding seat 93 is connected with the workbench 14 in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, and the cylinder body of the bearing cylinder 91 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 93; the cylinder body of the sliding cylinder 94 is fixedly connected with the worktable 14, and the piston rod of the sliding cylinder 94 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 93.
The sliding cylinder 94 acts to drive the sliding seat 93, the bearing cylinder 91 and the bearing block 92 to move, and the position of the bearing block 92 is adjusted to be opposite to a certain area to be pressed.
In order to ensure the stable movement of the sliding seat 93, a guide groove 141 may be provided on the worktable 14, and the sliding seat 93 is slidably inserted into the guide groove 141; the moving frame 21, the positioning plate 833, the table 14, and the base plate 831 are moved away from the support cylinder 91.
The main driving cylinder, the switching cylinder 65, the overturning cylinder 72, the blocking cylinder 82, the positioning cylinder 84, the push-pull cylinder 86, the holding cylinder 91 and the sliding cylinder 94 can be air cylinders, oil cylinders or electric cylinders. In this embodiment, the main driving cylinder and the supporting cylinder 91 are oil cylinders to ensure the pressing force of press fitting; the switching cylinder 65, the flipping cylinder 72, the blocking cylinder 82, the positioning cylinder 84, and the push-pull cylinder 86 employ air cylinders to ensure quick action.
As to how to realize the movement of the movable tool 2, a conveying chain may be adopted as a realization mode, a lower end of the movable frame 21 is provided with a connecting sleeve 212, and a lower end of the connecting sleeve 212 is used for abutting against the conveying chain, so that the movable frame 21 moves along with the conveying chain by friction force between the connecting sleeve and the conveying chain.
The implementation principle of the multi-press-head 4 automatic switching type press-fitting equipment in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the workpiece 0 is mounted on the tooling plate 23, and a plurality of parts are correspondingly mounted on the plurality of indenters 4.
The movable tool 2 moves to the position below the pressing plate 5 along with the conveying chain; the blocking cylinder 82 acts to drive the vertical rod 812 to move upwards, so that the vertical rod 812 blocks the moving tool 2 to move continuously; the positioning cylinder 84 acts, the positioning pin 834 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 of the moving frame 21, and the positioning plate 833 is higher than the cushion block 85; the push-pull cylinder 86 acts to enable the cushion block 85 to slide to the lower side of the moving frame 21, so that the positioning pin 834 is always inserted into the positioning hole 211 in the production process; the positioning of the mobile tooling 2 is completed.
The turnover cylinder 72 acts to drive the turnover motor 73 to move upwards; at the same time, the turning motor 73 is actuated, causing the sleeve 75 to rotate; the sleeve 75 moves upward and rotates to be fitted to the outer periphery of the lower end of the input shaft 26; subsequently, the reverse motor 73 rotates the tooling plate 23 to abut against the positioning block 25, and makes the front face of the workpiece 0 upward.
The switching cylinder 65 acts so that one and only one ram 4 rotates to the vertical; the sliding cylinder 94 synchronously acts to adjust the position of the bearing block 92 to be right below the pressure head 4; and finishing the preparation before press mounting.
The supporting cylinder 91 operates to drive the supporting block 92 to abut against the workpiece 0; the main driving mechanism 3 (main driving cylinder) acts to enable the pressing plate 5 and the pressing head 4 to move downwards, and further the part at the pressing head 4 is pressed on the workpiece 0; after the press-fitting of one part is completed, the main driving mechanism 3 and the supporting cylinder 91 are reset.
The switching cylinder 65 acts to rotate the other ram 4 to the vertical; the sliding cylinder 94 synchronously acts to adjust the position of the bearing block 92 to be right below the pressure head 4; after the press mounting of the three bearing grooves 01 is finished; the turnover motor 73 drives the tooling plate 23 to rotate 180 degrees, the tooling plate 23 rotates to abut against the other positioning block 25, and the reverse side of the workpiece 0 faces upwards to complete the press mounting of the part at the sealing groove 02.
After all the parts are pressed, the overturning cylinder 72 is reset, and the overturning motor 73 and the sleeve 75 move downwards to be separated from the input shaft 26; when the positioning cylinder 84 acts to move the positioning frame 83 upwards, the positioning plate 833 is separated from the cushion block 85; the push-pull cylinder 86 is reset, and the cushion block 85 is reset; the positioning cylinder 84 is reset, and the positioning frame 83 moves downwards to enable the positioning pin 834 to be separated from the positioning hole 211 of the moving frame 21; the blocking cylinder 82 is reset and the upright 812 moves down to disengage the mobile frame 21.
The movable tool 2 moves to the next working procedure along with the conveying chain.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-press head (4) automatic switching type press-fitting device comprises a workbench (14), a main driving mechanism (3) and a press head (4); the pressure head (4) is used for connecting parts; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a pressing plate (5), a switching mechanism (6), a tooling plate (23) and a turnover mechanism (7);
the pressing plate (5) is connected with the main driving mechanism (3); the main driving mechanism (3) is used for driving the pressing plate (5) to be close to the workbench (14);
the pressing heads (4) are rotatably connected with the pressing plate (5), and the rotating axis is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate (5);
the switching mechanism (6) is connected with the pressure plate (5) and is used for driving the pressure head (4) to rotate; and the switching mechanism (6) enables the axis of only one pressure head (4) to be parallel to the moving direction of the pressure plate (5);
the tooling plate (23) is rotatably connected with the workbench (14), and the rotating axis is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate (5); the tool plate (23) is used for fixing a workpiece (0);
the turnover mechanism (7) is used for driving the tooling plate (23) to rotate.
2. The multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the switching mechanism (6) comprises a rotating shaft (62), a gear (63), a rack (64) and a switching cylinder (65);
the rotating shaft (62) is rotatably connected with the pressing plate (5) around the axis of the rotating shaft (62), and the rotating shaft (62) is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate (5);
the gear (63) is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft (62);
the rack (64) is connected with the pressure plate (5) in a sliding way and is meshed with the gear (63);
the cylinder body of the switching cylinder (65) is connected with the pressure plate (5), and the piston rod of the switching cylinder (65) is connected with the rack (64);
the switching mechanism (6) corresponds to the pressure heads (4) one by one, and the pressure heads (4) are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (62).
3. The multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the end face, facing the workbench (14), of the pressing plate (5) is provided with a calibration groove (531); the calibration groove (531) is positioned on one side of the rotation axis of the pressure head (4);
the inner periphery of the calibration groove (531) is a conical surface, and one end with a larger diameter faces the workbench (14);
one end of the pressure head (4) is coaxially provided with a calibration block (43); the outer periphery of the calibration block (43) is used for fitting the inner periphery of the calibration groove (531).
4. The multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a supporting frame (22) and a positioning block (25);
the supporting frame (22) is connected with the workbench (14), and the tooling plate (23) is rotatably connected with the supporting frame (22);
the positioning block (25) is fixedly connected with the support frame (22), and the positioning block (25) is used for abutting against the end face of the tooling plate (23);
two positioning blocks (25) are arranged at intervals, and the two positioning blocks (25) are positioned on two sides of the rotation axis of the tooling plate (23);
the tooling plate (23) is provided with an avoiding groove (232), and the avoiding groove (232) is positioned on one side of the rotation axis of the tooling plate (23); when the tool plate (23) rotates, the avoiding groove (232) is used for a certain positioning block (25) to pass through.
5. The multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a bearing block (92) and a bearing cylinder (91);
the bearing block (92) is connected with the workbench (14) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the bearing block is parallel to that of the pressing plate (5); the bearing block (92) is positioned on one side of the tooling plate (23) departing from the pressure head (4);
the cylinder body of the bearing cylinder (91) is connected with the workbench (14), and a piston rod of the bearing cylinder (91) is connected with one end of the bearing block (92) departing from the tooling plate (23);
the end face, facing the tool plate (23), of the bearing block (92) is used for abutting against the workpiece (0).
6. Multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: the device also comprises a sliding seat (93) and a sliding cylinder (94);
the sliding seat (93) is connected with the workbench (14) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction is vertical to that of the pressing plate (5);
the cylinder body of the sliding cylinder (94) is fixedly connected with the workbench (14), and the piston rod of the sliding cylinder (94) is connected with the sliding seat (93);
and the cylinder body of the bearing cylinder (91) is fixedly connected with a sliding seat (93).
7. The multi-ram (4) automatic switching press-fitting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a moving frame (21), an input shaft (26), an output shaft (27) and a transmission assembly (28);
the moving frame (21) is connected with the workbench (14) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction is vertical to the moving direction of the pressing plate (5); the tooling plate (23) is rotationally connected with the movable frame (21);
the input shaft (26) is connected with the movable frame (21) in a rotating way around the axis of the input shaft; the input shaft (26) is detachably connected with the turnover mechanism (7);
the output shaft (27) is rotatably connected with the movable frame (21) around the axis of the output shaft, and the output shaft (27) is fixedly connected with the tooling plate (23);
the transmission assembly (28) is arranged between the input shaft (26) and the output shaft (27) and is used for transmitting torque.
8. The multiple ram (4) automatic switch press-fitting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the turnover mechanism (7) comprises a turnover motor (73) and a transmission shaft (74);
a motor shell of the overturning motor (73) is connected with the workbench (14);
the transmission shaft (74) is coaxially connected with a motor shaft of the overturning motor (73);
the input shaft (26) is coaxial with the transmission shaft (74), and the input shaft (26) is detachably connected with the transmission shaft (74).
9. The automatic switching press-fitting equipment of multiple press-fitting heads (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that: the turnover mechanism (7) also comprises a turnover cylinder (72) and a turnover seat (71);
the cylinder body of the overturning cylinder (72) is fixedly connected with the workbench (14);
the overturning seat (71) is connected with the workbench (14) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the overturning seat is parallel to the transmission shaft (74); a piston rod of the turnover cylinder (72) is connected with a turnover seat (71); a motor shell of the turnover motor (73) is fixedly connected with a turnover seat (71);
a sleeve (75) is coaxially arranged at one end of the transmission shaft (74) far away from the overturning motor (73); the sleeve (75) is used for being sleeved to the periphery of the input shaft (26) along the axial direction;
the inner periphery of the sleeve (75) is provided with a limiting block; a limiting groove is formed in the periphery of the input shaft (26); the limiting block is used for being embedded into the limiting groove, and circumferential fixation between the sleeve (75) and the input shaft (26) is achieved.
10. The multiple ram (4) automatic switch press-fitting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the device also comprises a positioning cylinder (84), a positioning frame (83) and a positioning pin (834);
the cylinder body of the positioning cylinder (84) is fixedly connected with the workbench (14); the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (84) vertically moves the sliding direction of the frame (21);
the positioning frame (83) is connected with the workbench (14) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the positioning frame is parallel to the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (84); the positioning frame (83) is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the positioning cylinder (84);
the positioning pin (834) is arranged at one end, facing the moving frame (21), of the positioning frame (83);
the movable frame (21) is provided with a positioning hole (211) for embedding the positioning pin (834).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110418912.0A CN113172405A (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Multi-pressure-head automatic switching type press-fitting equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110418912.0A CN113172405A (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Multi-pressure-head automatic switching type press-fitting equipment |
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| CN113172405A true CN113172405A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| CN202110418912.0A Pending CN113172405A (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Multi-pressure-head automatic switching type press-fitting equipment |
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Application publication date: 20210727 |
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