CN113172239A - Selective laser sintering forming device - Google Patents
Selective laser sintering forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113172239A CN113172239A CN202110390202.1A CN202110390202A CN113172239A CN 113172239 A CN113172239 A CN 113172239A CN 202110390202 A CN202110390202 A CN 202110390202A CN 113172239 A CN113172239 A CN 113172239A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a selective laser sintering forming device, which comprises an aluminum profile frame, two powder supply boxes, a forming box, two recovery boxes, a galvanometer system, a linear guide rail, a preheating device, a powder spreading roller system and two whitewashing brushes, wherein the two powder supply boxes are arranged on the aluminum profile frame; the powder supply boxes are fixed on two sides of the aluminum profile frame, an arc-shaped groove is arranged on the adjacent side of each powder supply box opening and the aluminum profile frame, the arc-shaped grooves incline inwards, an arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is formed in the tail end of a powder leakage channel of each arc-shaped groove, the vibrating mirror system is installed at the top of the aluminum profile frame, the linear guide rail and the preheating device are fixed in the middle of the aluminum profile frame, the powder spreading roller system is connected with the linear guide rail in a sliding mode, and a powder brush is installed in each place where the powder spreading roller system stops moving for a short time; and a forming box is arranged below the powder leakage openings of the two arc-shaped grooves, two recycling boxes are respectively arranged on two sides of the forming box, and the whitewashing is positioned at the upper end openings of the corresponding recycling boxes. The invention can simultaneously supply different kinds of powder, can prepare molded parts sintered by different powders and realize the classified recovery of the residual powder.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of selective laser sintering forming, in particular to a selective laser sintering forming device.
Background art:
3D printing (3 DP), a technique for rapid prototyping, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technique that constructs an object by printing layer by layer using a bondable material, such as powdered metal or non-metal, based on a digital model file. 3D printing is typically achieved using digital technology material printers. The method is often used for manufacturing models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design and the like, and is gradually used for directly manufacturing some products, and parts printed by the technology are already available. The technology has applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields. The development of 3D printing manufacturing technology industrialization has strategic significance on structure transformation in China, and the 3D printing technology can promote structure transformation adjustment in China and improve the manufacturing level.
The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) process is the most advanced 3D printing technique, which is called laser sintering technique for short, and mainly uses powder and the like as materials, and the principle is to laser sinter powder materials to combine and form the powder materials. The SLS technique also uses the principle of layup build-up forming, except that it first lays a layer of powder material, preheats the material to near the melting point, scans the layer across the cross-section with a laser to raise the powder temperature to the melting point, then sinters to form a bond, and then repeats the process of laying and sintering until the entire mold is formed. The powder plays an important role in the forming process of parts, but the following problems still exist at present:
the powder supply box can not supply different types of powder at the same time, only the same type of powder can be paved in the whole powder paving process, and parts formed by sintering different types of powder are difficult to prepare;
and the classification, recovery and recycling of the residual powder after sintering of each layer are difficult to complete.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a selective laser sintering forming device which is used for solving the problems that only one kind of powder can be laid in the whole powder laying process in the existing selective laser sintering process, and the classified recovery of the residual powder after each layer of sintering is difficult to complete.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the selective laser sintering forming device comprises an aluminum profile frame, two powder supply boxes, a forming box, two recovery boxes, a vibrating mirror system, a linear guide rail, a preheating device, a powder spreading roller system and two whitewashing machines; the powder supply boxes are fixed on two sides of the aluminum profile frame, an arc-shaped groove is arranged on the adjacent side of each powder supply box opening and the aluminum profile frame, the arc-shaped grooves incline inwards, an arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is formed in the tail end of a powder leakage channel of each arc-shaped groove, the vibrating mirror system is installed at the top of the aluminum profile frame, the linear guide rail and the preheating device are fixed in the middle of the aluminum profile frame, the powder spreading roller system is connected with the linear guide rail in a sliding mode, and a powder brush is installed in each place where the powder spreading roller system stops moving for a short time; a forming box is arranged below the powder leakage openings of the two arc-shaped grooves, two recovery boxes are respectively arranged on two sides of the forming box, and the plastering is positioned at the upper end openings of the corresponding recovery boxes; the powder spreading roller system comprises a powder spreading roller, a powder spreading supporting plate and a powder spreading motor, wherein the powder spreading roller is fixed below the powder spreading supporting plate, the powder spreading motor is arranged on one side of the powder spreading roller, and the powder spreading motor is connected with the powder spreading roller.
In the scheme, a scraper is arranged at the upper end opening of the powder supply box and is connected with a synchronous belt through a scraper gear, the synchronous belt is sleeved outside two synchronous belt wheels, and each synchronous belt wheel is connected with a synchronous stepping motor; the powder supply box bottom plate comprises a powder box upper plate and a powder box lower plate, a lead screw penetrates through the powder box lower plate and is fixedly connected with the powder box upper plate, the lead screw is in threaded connection with the powder box lower plate, a stepping motor is lifted to output an output shaft, the powder box upper plate is in sliding connection with the powder box wall, and the powder box lower plate is fixedly connected with the powder box wall.
Linear guide includes guide rail step motor, synchronizing wheel backup pad, synchronizing bar, guide rail hold-in range among the above-mentioned scheme, and the synchronizing wheel backup pad has four, and four synchronizing wheel backup pads are fixed in on the aluminium alloy frame, and two liang of oppositions of synchronizing bar set up between the synchronizing bar, and two liang of oppositions of guide rail hold-in range also set up between the synchronizing bar, and guide rail step motor is connected to one of them synchronizing bar.
Spread powder roller backup pad and pass through the hold-in range splint and be connected with linear guide's guide rail hold-in range among the above-mentioned scheme.
In the scheme, the two recovery boxes and the forming box are integrated and separated by the partition plate, and the two recovery boxes and the forming box are fixed at the bottom of the aluminum profile frame; the preheating device is positioned right above the forming box.
The laser emitter, the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer of the galvanometer system in the scheme are arranged in the mirror shell, the laser emitter is arranged on one side of the mirror shell, the X galvanometer is arranged on the other side, the Y galvanometer is arranged at the top of the mirror shell, the field lens is arranged outside the mirror shell and positioned at the bottom of the mirror shell, a light beam emitted by the laser emitter is reflected by the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer, the direction is changed twice, and finally the light beam is emitted vertically through the field lens.
In the scheme, the plane of the powder leakage opening of the arc-shaped groove is parallel and level with the upper surface of the powder spreading roller supporting plate, and the powder leakage opening of the arc-shaped groove is positioned right above the partition plate between the forming box and the two recovery boxes.
The powder that two confession powder casees supplied with in the above-mentioned scheme is two kinds of different kinds of powder, and the powder of retrieving in two collection box is also different kinds of powder, and the powder that the left side supplied powder case to supply can be retrieved to the collection box on the right, and the powder that the right side supplied powder case to supply can be retrieved to the collection box on the left.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can simultaneously supply different kinds of powder, can prepare molded parts sintered by different powders, realizes the mixed powder supply of Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and changes the current situation of single powder supply.
2. The invention can realize the classified recovery and the recycling of the residual powder and save materials.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a selective laser sintering molding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a powder supply box according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a galvanometer system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lifting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a linear guide of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a preheating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dusting roller system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the arc-shaped groove, the linear guide rail and the powder spreading roller system.
In the figure: 1, an aluminum profile frame; 2, a powder supply box; 4, a recycling bin; 6, forming a box; 7 galvanometer systems; 8 lifting device; 9 linear guide rails; 10 a preheating device; 11 a powder roller system; 12, painting;
2-1, arc-shaped groove; 2-2, a scraper; 2-3 powder supply stepping motors; 2-4 powder supply synchronous belts; 2-5 powder supply lifting mechanisms;
7-1 laser emitter; 7-2X galvanometer; 7-3Y galvanometer; 7-4 field lens;
8-1, putting the powder box on a plate; 8-2, a lower plate of the powder box; 8-3 lead screws; 8-4 lifting the stepping motor;
9-1 guide rail stepping motor; 9-2 synchronizing wheel supporting rods; 9-3 synchronizing bar; 9-4 guide rail synchronous belts;
10-1 preheating a tube; 11-1, spreading a powder roller; 11-2, a powder laying roller supporting plate; 11-3 powder spreading stepping motor.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-8, the selective laser sintering molding device includes an aluminum frame 1, two powder supply boxes 2, a scraper system, a molding box 6, two recycling boxes 4, a vibrating mirror system 7, a linear guide rail 9, a preheating device 10, a powder spreading roller system 11, and two powder brushes 12; the powder supply boxes 2 are fixed on two sides of the aluminum profile frame 1, an arc-shaped groove 2-1 is arranged on the side, adjacent to the aluminum profile frame 1, of a box opening of each powder supply box 2, the arc-shaped grooves 2-1 are inclined inwards, an arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is formed in the tail end of a powder leakage channel of each arc-shaped groove 2-1, the vibrating mirror system 7 is installed at the top of the aluminum profile frame 1, the linear guide rail 9 and the preheating device 10 are fixed in the middle of the aluminum profile frame 1, the powder spreading roller system 11 is connected with the linear guide rail 9 in a sliding mode, and a powder brush 12 is installed at each place where the powder spreading roller system stops temporarily in motion and used for cleaning powder attached to the surface of the powder spreading roller; a forming box 6 is arranged below the powder leakage openings of the two arc-shaped grooves, two recycling boxes 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the forming box 6, and the whitewash 12 is positioned at the upper end openings of the corresponding recycling boxes 4; the powder spreading roller system 11 comprises a powder spreading roller 11-1, a powder spreading roller supporting plate 11-2 and a powder spreading stepping motor 11-3, the powder spreading roller 11-1 is fixed below the powder spreading roller supporting plate 11-2, the powder spreading stepping motor 11-3 is arranged on one side of the powder spreading roller 11-1, the powder spreading stepping motor 11-3 is connected with the powder spreading roller 11-1, the powder spreading roller 11-1 stays above the recycling box 4 for a short time after a layer of powder is spread, the powder spreading roller rotates under the driving of the motor, and the powder brush 12 cleans the powder attached to the surface of the powder spreading roller 11-1. The preheating device 10 is composed of four heating pipes and aluminum profiles.
A scraper 2-2 is arranged above the powder supply box 2, the bottom of the scraper 2-2 is tangent to the upper surface of the powder supply box 2 but does not influence the movement of the scraper, the scraper 2-2 is connected with a powder supply synchronous belt 2-4 through a scraper gear, the powder supply synchronous belt 2-4 is driven by two powder supply stepping motors 2-3, the powder supply stepping motor 2-3 can realize positive and negative rotation and drive the synchronous belt to reciprocate, so that the scraper 2-2 is driven to reciprocate; therefore, the scraper 2-2 is indirectly driven to scrape the powder supplied by the powder supply box 2 into the powder leakage channel of the arc-shaped groove 2-1, the surface of the powder leakage opening of the arc-shaped groove and the upper surface of the powder spreading roller supporting plate 11-2 are in a state to be superposed (the two planes are not superposed so as not to block the movement of the powder spreading roller), the plane of the powder leakage opening of the arc-shaped groove is flush with the upper surface of the powder spreading roller supporting plate 11-2, and the powder leakage opening of the arc-shaped groove is positioned right above the intermediate partition plate of the forming box 6 and the recovery box 4.
The powder spreading roller supporting plate 11-2 is connected with a guide rail synchronous belt 9-4 of the linear guide rail 9 through a synchronous belt clamping plate, the guide rail synchronous belt 9-4 is driven by two guide rail stepping motors 9-1, and the stepping motors can rotate forward and backward, so that a series of functions of the powder spreading roller are realized; the two recycling boxes 4 and the forming box 6 are integrated and separated by a partition plate, and the two recycling boxes 4 and the forming box 6 are fixed at the bottom of the aluminum profile frame 1; the preheating device 10 is located directly above the forming box 6.
A laser transmitter 7-1, an X galvanometer 7-2 and a Y galvanometer 7-3 of a galvanometer system 7 are arranged in a lens shell, the laser transmitter 7-1 is arranged at one side of the lens shell, the X galvanometer 7-2 is arranged at the other side, the Y galvanometer 7-3 is arranged at the top of the lens shell, a field lens 7-4 is arranged outside the lens shell and positioned at the bottom of the lens shell, and a light beam emitted by the laser transmitter is reflected by the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer, the direction of the light beam is changed twice, and the light beam is vertically emitted through the field lens 7-4.
The linear guide rail 9 comprises guide rail stepping motors 9-1, synchronizing wheel supporting plates 9-2, synchronizing rods 9-3 and guide rail synchronous belts 9-4, four synchronizing wheel supporting plates 9-2 are fixed on the aluminum profile frame 1, the synchronizing rods are arranged between the synchronizing rods 9-3 in a pairwise opposite mode, the guide rail synchronous belts 9-4 are also arranged between the synchronizing rods 9-3 in a pairwise opposite mode, and one synchronizing rod is connected with the guide rail stepping motors. The linear guide rail stepping motor rotates to drive the synchronous belt to rotate, so that the powder paving roller system is driven to move.
The powder that two confession powder casees 2 supplied with is two kinds of different kinds of powder, and the powder of retrieving in two collection box 4 is also different kinds of powder, and the powder that the left side supplied powder case to supply can be retrieved to the collection box on the right, and the powder that the powder case supplied is supplied on the right can be retrieved to the collection box on the left. The bottom plate of the powder supply box 2 comprises an upper powder box plate 8-1 and a lower powder box plate 8-2, a screw 8-3 penetrates through the lower powder box plate 8-2 to be fixedly connected with the upper powder box plate 8-1, the screw 8-3 is in threaded connection with the lower powder box plate 8-2, an output shaft of a lifting stepping motor 8-4 is connected with the screw 8-3, the upper powder box plate 8-1 is in sliding connection with the wall of the powder box, and the lower powder box plate 8-2 is fixedly connected with the wall of the powder box. The powder feeding and lifting mechanism 2-5 is composed of a powder box upper plate 8-1, a powder box lower plate 8-2, a lead screw and a lifting stepping motor 8-4.
The lower surface of the arc-shaped groove 2-1, namely the powder leakage opening, is slightly higher than the upper surface of the powder spreading roller support plate 11-2.
Through selectivity laser sintering forming device, on the one hand can realize the laser sintering of two kinds of different powders, on the other hand, can classify the recovery with not fashioned powder, realizes surplus powder cyclic utilization.
The powder supply, powder paving, residual powder recovery and laser sintering processes of the invention are as follows: after the device is started, a lifting device 8 at the bottom of a powder supply box 2 filled with powder a moves upwards for a certain height, a scraper 2-2 pushes the powder into an arc-shaped groove 2-1 under the drive of a stepping motor 2-3, the powder a passes through a powder leakage channel of the arc-shaped groove 2-1 and finally leaks out from a powder leakage opening to fall to the upper surface of a partition plate between a forming box 6 and a recovery box 4, at the moment, a powder spreading roller system moves from right to left under the drive of the stepping motor 9-1 on a linear guide rail 9 until a powder spreading roller 11-1 is contacted with a left powder brush 12, powder spreading is completed, residual powder is pushed into the recovery box 5, then the powder spreading roller 11-1 rotates under the rotation of the stepping motor on the powder spreading roller system, the powder brush 12 repeatedly cleans powder a attached to the surface of the powder spreading roller 11-1, the powder recovery is completed, and meanwhile, a laser beam emitted by a laser emitter 7-1 in a vibrating mirror system 7 passes through a Y vibrating mirror 7-3 and an X vibrating mirror 7 2, the direction is changed twice after the two transmissions, and finally the laser sintering is carried out on the laid powder through a field lens 7-4; after sintering is finished, the powder supply box 3 starts to supply powder again, the steps are repeated, and finally the residual powder falls into the recovery box 4.
Claims (8)
1. A selective laser sintering forming device is characterized in that: the selective laser sintering forming device comprises an aluminum profile frame (1), two powder supply boxes (2), a forming box (6), two recovery boxes (4), a galvanometer system (7), a linear guide rail (9), a preheating device (10), a powder spreading roller system (11) and two powder brushes (12); the powder supply boxes (2) are fixed on two sides of an aluminum profile frame (1), an arc-shaped groove (2-1) is arranged on the side, adjacent to the aluminum profile frame, of each powder supply box opening, the arc-shaped grooves (2-1) are inclined inwards, an arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is formed in the tail end of a powder leakage channel of each arc-shaped groove (2-1), a vibrating mirror system (7) is installed at the top of the aluminum profile frame (1), a linear guide rail (9) and a preheating device (10) are fixed in the middle of the aluminum profile frame (1), a powder paving roller system (11) is connected with the linear guide rail (9) in a sliding mode, and a powder brush (12) is installed in each place where the powder paving roller system stops temporarily; a forming box (6) is arranged below the powder leakage openings of the two arc-shaped grooves, two recycling boxes (4) are respectively arranged on two sides of the forming box (6), and the whitewashing (12) is positioned at the upper end openings of the corresponding recycling boxes (4); the powder spreading roller system (11) comprises a powder spreading roller (11-1), a powder spreading roller supporting plate (11-2) and a powder spreading stepping motor (11-3), wherein the powder spreading roller (11-1) is fixed below the powder spreading roller supporting plate (11-2), the powder spreading stepping motor (11-3) is arranged on one side of the powder spreading roller (11-1), and the powder spreading stepping motor (11-3) is connected with the powder spreading roller (11-1).
2. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a scraper (2-2) is arranged at the upper port of the powder supply box, the scraper (2-2) is connected with a synchronous belt through a scraper gear, the synchronous belt is sleeved outside two synchronous belt wheels, and each synchronous belt wheel is connected with a powder supply stepping motor (2-3); the powder supply box bottom plate comprises a powder box upper plate (8-1) and a powder box lower plate (8-2), a lead screw (8-3) penetrates through the powder box lower plate (8-2) to be fixedly connected with the powder box upper plate (8-1), the lead screw (8-3) is in threaded connection with the powder box lower plate (8-2), an output shaft of a lifting stepping motor (8-4) is connected with the lead screw (8-3), the powder box upper plate (8-1) is in sliding connection with the powder box wall, and the powder box lower plate (8-2) is fixedly connected with the powder box wall.
3. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the linear guide rail (9) comprises guide rail stepping motors (9-1), four synchronizing wheel supporting plates (9-2), four synchronizing rods (9-3) and guide rail synchronous belts (9-4), wherein the four synchronizing wheel supporting plates (9-2) are fixed on the aluminum profile frame (1), the synchronizing rods are arranged between the synchronizing supporting plates in a pairwise opposite mode, the guide rail synchronous belts (9-4) are also arranged between the synchronizing rods in a pairwise opposite mode, and one synchronizing rod is connected with the guide rail stepping motors (9-1).
4. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the powder paving roller supporting plate (11-2) is connected with a guide rail synchronous belt (9-4) of the linear guide rail (9) through a synchronous belt clamping plate.
5. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the two recycling boxes (4) and the forming box (6) are integrated and separated by a partition plate, and the two recycling boxes (4) and the forming box (6) are fixed at the bottom of the aluminum profile frame (1); the preheating device (10) is positioned right above the forming box (6).
6. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the laser emitter (7-1), the X galvanometer (7-2) and the Y galvanometer (7-3) of the galvanometer system (7) are arranged in a lens shell, the laser emitter (7-1) is arranged on one side of the lens shell, the X galvanometer (7-2) is arranged on the other side, the Y galvanometer (7-3) is arranged at the top of the lens shell, and the field lens (7-4) is arranged outside the lens shell and positioned at the bottom of the lens shell.
7. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the plane of the arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is flush with the upper surface of the powder spreading roller supporting plate (11-2), and the arc-shaped groove powder leakage opening is positioned right above the partition plate between the forming box (6) and the two recycling boxes (4).
8. The selective laser sintering molding apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the powder supplied by the two powder supply boxes (2) is two different types of powder, the powder recovered in the two recovery boxes (4) is also different types of powder, the powder supplied by the left powder supply box is recovered to the right recovery box, and the powder supplied by the right powder supply box is recovered to the left recovery box.
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| CN202110390202.1A CN113172239B (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-04-12 | Selective laser sintering forming device |
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| CN202110390202.1A CN113172239B (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-04-12 | Selective laser sintering forming device |
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| CN114561637A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | Laser cladding method and device for surface modification of shaft parts |
| CN114643711A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-21 | 湖北第二师范学院 | Desktop level mixes supplies non-metallic powder 3D printer of powder formula |
| CN114888311A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-08-12 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Powder bed electron beam additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN115055702A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-16 | 东北林业大学 | Modularization forming box device for laser sintering |
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