CN114643711B - Desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer - Google Patents
Desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114643711B CN114643711B CN202210242155.0A CN202210242155A CN114643711B CN 114643711 B CN114643711 B CN 114643711B CN 202210242155 A CN202210242155 A CN 202210242155A CN 114643711 B CN114643711 B CN 114643711B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 333
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020610 powder formula Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/218—Rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/357—Recycling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The invention discloses a desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer which comprises a main body platform, a platform frame, a forming plate lifting device, a powder box rotating device, a powder supply device, a powder spreading device, a laser vibrating mirror and a vibrating mirror frame. According to the invention, the powder boxes with left and right cylindrical box structures are designed, each powder box is divided into a powder supply cavity and a recovery cavity through the partition plate, the powder supply cavities of the two powder boxes respectively contain different nonmetallic powders, the powder spreading mechanism reciprocates, the corresponding powder boxes are matched for powder supply, and alternate mixed powder supply can be realized, so that the situation that different types of powders cannot be simultaneously supplied is changed by sintering and molding a workpiece consisting of two different nonmetallic powders, meanwhile, the powder boxes are driven to rotate through the powder box rotating device, the powder supply cavity in one end of the powder box is close to the forming cavity, the recovery cavity in the other end of the powder box is close to the forming cavity, and after powder spreading is completed each time, the residual powder can be recovered into the corresponding recovery cavity, and the classified recovery of the residual powder is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, in particular to a desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer.
Background
3D printing (3 DP), a type of rapid prototyping technology, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technology that builds objects by means of layer-by-layer printing, using a bondable material, such as powdered metal or non-metal, based on digital model files. 3D printing is typically implemented using a digital technology material printer. Often in the fields of mould manufacture, industrial design, etc., are used to manufacture models, and later gradually in the direct manufacture of some products, parts have been printed using this technique. The technology has application in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.
The laser selective sintering technology (SLS) is used as a high-end non-metal powder 3D printing technology, is called laser selective sintering technology for short, mainly uses non-metal powder and the like as materials, and adopts the principle that the laser selective sintering powder materials are sintered and formed. The SLS technique also uses the principle of stacked formation, except that it first spreads a layer of powder material, pre-heats the material to near the melting point, scans the cross-section of the layer with a laser to raise the powder temperature to the melting point, and then sinters to form an adhesive, and then repeats the process of spreading and sintering until the entire pattern is formed. The powder plays an important role in the forming process of the part, but the following problems still remain at present: (1) the powder supply box can not simultaneously supply different kinds of powder, only one kind of powder can be paved in the whole powder paving process, and parts formed by sintering different powders are difficult to prepare; (2) the classification recovery of the residual powder after the powder spreading of each layer is finished is difficult to complete, and the residual powder is recycled; (3) most of the existing nonmetal 3D printers are industrial machines, the manufacturing cost is high, and the desktop level machines are seriously lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a desktop-level mixed powder supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer which can be used for carrying out mixed alternate powder supply and classifying and recycling residual powder after powder laying.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer comprises a main body platform, a platform frame, a forming plate lifting device, a powder box rotating device, a powder supply device, a powder spreading device, a laser vibrating mirror and a vibrating mirror frame;
the middle part of the top surface of the main body platform is vertically and downwards provided with a non-penetrating forming cavity, and both ends of the top surface of the main body platform are vertically and downwards provided with penetrating assembly round holes;
the platform frame is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform;
the cross section of the molding plate is matched with that of the molding cavity;
the forming plate lifting device is arranged on the main body platform, the lifting end of the forming plate lifting device vertically penetrates into the forming cavity, and the forming plate is horizontally arranged in the forming cavity and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the forming plate lifting device;
the powder box is of a cylindrical box body structure with an opening on the top surface, a partition plate which divides the powder box into a powder supply cavity and a recovery cavity is vertically arranged in the powder box, the powder box is arranged in two assembly round holes of the main body platform, and the upper end and the lower end of the powder box are connected with the assembly round holes through sealed ring roller bearings;
the two powder box rotating devices are respectively and coaxially connected with the bottom surfaces of the two powder boxes;
each powder box is provided with a powder supply device, the powder supply device comprises a powder supply plate and a powder supply plate lifting device, the powder supply plate is matched with the cross section of a powder supply cavity in the powder box, the powder supply plate lifting device is arranged on the powder box, the lifting end of the powder supply plate lifting device vertically penetrates into the powder supply cavity, and the powder supply plate is horizontally arranged in the powder supply cavity and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the powder supply plate lifting device;
the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading mechanism and two groups of power sliding rails, wherein the two groups of power sliding rails are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the main body platform, and are parallel to each other, and the powder spreading mechanism is arranged on the sliding blocks of the two power sliding rails;
the laser galvanometer is arranged above the forming cavity on the top surface of the main body platform through a galvanometer rack, and the joint of the galvanometer rack and the main body platform is positioned at the outer sides of the two power slide rails.
Further, the shaping board lifting device comprises a first lifting motor, a first motor board, a first screw rod and a first polish rod, wherein the first lifting motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the first motor board, the lower end of the first screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the first lifting motor through a first coupler, the first screw rod penetrates through the bottom surface of the shaping cavity and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the shaping cavity, the first polish rod is two groups, the lower ends of the two first polish rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the first motor board, the two first polish rods penetrate through the bottom surface of the shaping cavity, and the upper ends of the two first polish rods are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the shaping board.
Further, the powder supply plate lifting device comprises a second lifting motor, a second motor plate, a second screw rod and a second polish rod, wherein the second lifting motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the second motor plate, the lower end of the second screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the second lifting motor through a second coupler, the second screw rod penetrates through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity, the second polish rods are two groups, the lower ends of the two second polish rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the second motor plate, the two second polish rods penetrate through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity, and the upper ends of the two second polish rods are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the powder supply plate.
Further, shop powder mechanism includes shop's powder roller, shop's powder roller support frame, shop's powder roller driving motor and synchronous pulley, shop's powder roller support frame both ends respectively with the slider fixed connection of two sets of power slide rails, shop's powder roller level rotates to set up in shop's powder roller support frame below, shop's powder roller driving motor fixes on shop's powder roller support frame, synchronous pulley one end and shop's powder roller driving motor's output shaft coaxial coupling, synchronous pulley other end and shop's powder roller's tip coaxial coupling.
Further, the powder box rotating device comprises a powder box driving motor and a motor mounting bracket, wherein the motor mounting bracket is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform, and the powder box driving motor is arranged on the motor mounting bracket.
Further, the laser galvanometer comprises a preheating device which is fixed on the galvanometer support and is positioned below the laser galvanometer.
Further, the preheating device comprises a rectangular groove shell and four groups of preheating pipes, the four groups of preheating pipes are respectively fixed in the groove bodies around the rectangular groove shell through preheating pipe fixing brackets, and the outer wall of the rectangular groove shell is provided with a preheating device fixing hole.
Furthermore, the front side and the rear side of the main body platform are respectively provided with a section bar foot rest, and the power sliding rail and the vibrating mirror rack are both fixed on the section bar foot rest.
Further, the platform frame comprises four groups of supporting legs and leg fixing plates, the supporting legs are distributed in a matrix and penetrate through the leg fixing plates in equal length and are fixedly connected with the leg fixing plates, and casters are arranged at the lower end of each supporting leg.
Further, the middle part of the leg fixing plate is provided with an avoidance hole for the lifting device of the forming plate to pass through.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the powder boxes with left and right cylindrical box structures are designed, each powder box is divided into a powder supply cavity and a recovery cavity through the partition plate, the powder supply cavities of the two powder boxes respectively contain different nonmetallic powders, the powder spreading mechanism reciprocates, the corresponding powder boxes are matched for powder supply, and alternate mixed powder supply can be realized, so that the situation that different types of powders cannot be simultaneously supplied is changed by sintering and molding a workpiece consisting of two different nonmetallic powders, meanwhile, the powder boxes are driven to rotate through the powder box rotating device, the powder supply cavity in one end of the powder box is close to the forming cavity, the recovery cavity in the other end of the powder box is close to the forming cavity, and after powder spreading is completed each time, the residual powder can be recovered into the corresponding recovery cavity, and the classified recovery of the residual powder is realized. The 3D printer has low manufacturing cost and less material consumption, and belongs to the grade of a desktop.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main platform of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the powder box of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of a forming plate and a forming plate lifting device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the powder feeding plate and the powder feeding plate lifting device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the powder spreading mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a laser galvanometer according to the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a preheating device according to the present invention.
Labeling and describing: 1. the main body platform, 1-1, forming cavity, 1-2, assembly round hole, 2, power slide rail, 3, vibrating mirror frame, 4, laser vibrating mirror, 4-1, vibrating mirror shell, 4-2, laser emitting port, 4-3, Y vibrating mirror, 4-4, X vibrating mirror, 4-5, field lens, 5, preheating device, 5-1, square groove shell, 5-2, preheating tube, 5-3, preheating tube fixing bracket, 5-4, preheating device fixing hole, 6, powder spreading mechanism, 6-1, powder spreading roller supporting frame, 6-2, powder spreading roller driving motor, 6-3, synchronous belt pulley, 6-4, powder spreading roller, 7, powder box, 7-1, baffle, 7-2, recycling cavity, 7-3, powder supplying cavity, 8, a sealing ring roller bearing, 9, a profile foot rest, 10, a powder box rotating device, 10-1, a motor mounting bracket, 10-2, a powder box driving motor, 11, a molding plate lifting device, 11-1, a first lifting motor, 11-2, a first motor plate, 11-3, a first coupler, 11-4, a first screw rod, 11-5, a first polish rod, 12, a powder supply plate lifting device, 12-1, a second lifting motor, 12-2, a second motor plate, 12-3, a second coupler, 12-4, a second polish rod, 12-5, a second screw rod, 13, supporting legs, 14, casters, 15, a leg fixing plate, 16, a molding plate, 17 and a powder supply plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a desktop-level mixed powder-feeding type nonmetal powder 3D printer comprises a main body platform 1, a platform frame, a forming plate 16, a forming plate lifting device 11, a powder box 7, a powder box rotating device 10, a powder feeding device, a powder spreading device, a laser vibrating mirror 4 and a vibrating mirror frame 3.
The middle part of the top surface of the main body platform 1 is vertically downwards provided with a non-penetrating ground forming cavity 1-1, and both ends of the top surface of the main body platform 1 are vertically downwards provided with penetrating ground assembling round holes 1-2.
Specifically, the main body platform 1 comprises a frame and a bottom plate, the frame is of a waist-shaped column structure, through holes are formed in the middle and two ends of the top surface of the frame, the bottom plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the frame, and openings are formed in the positions, corresponding to the through holes in the two ends of the frame, of the bottom plate. The main body platform 1 is formed by combining the frame and the bottom plate, which is beneficial to modeling and manufacturing.
Alternatively, the main body platform 1 is made of wood or thin aluminum alloy plate.
The platform frame is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform 1.
Specifically, the platform frame includes supporting legs 13 and leg fixing plates 15, and supporting legs 13 are four sets and they are equally long in matrix distribution and pass leg fixing plates 15 and be fixedly connected with them, and the lower extreme of every supporting leg 13 all is equipped with truckle 14.
The forming plate 16 matches the cross section of the forming cavity 1-1. In this embodiment, the molding cavity 1-1 and the molding plate 16 are rectangular.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a molding plate lifting device 11 is disposed on a main platform 1, a lifting end of the molding plate lifting device vertically penetrates into a molding cavity 1-1, and a molding plate 16 is horizontally disposed in the molding cavity 1-1 and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the molding plate lifting device 11.
It is necessary that the middle portion of the leg fixing plate 15 is provided with a relief hole for the passage of the forming plate lifting device 11.
Specifically, the molding plate lifting device 11 comprises a first lifting motor 11-1, a first motor plate 11-2, a first screw rod 11-4 and a first polished rod 11-5, wherein the first lifting motor 11-1 is fixed on the bottom surface of the first motor plate 11-2, the lower end of the first screw rod 11-4 is connected with an output shaft of the first lifting motor 11-1 through a first coupler 11-3, the first screw rod 11-4 passes through the bottom surface of the molding cavity 1-1 and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the molding cavity, the first polished rods 11-5 are in two groups, the lower ends of the two first polished rods 11-5 are fixedly connected with the top surface of the first motor plate 11-2, the two first polished rods 11-5 pass through the bottom surface of the molding cavity 1-1, and the upper ends of the two first polished rods 11-5 are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the molding plate 16.
In the above-mentioned molding plate lifting device 11, the upper end of the first screw 11-4 is always located below and not in contact with the molding plate 16, and in order to maximize the stroke of the molding plate 16, the upper end of the first screw 11-4 should be located as close to the molding plate 16 as possible when moving to the highest position.
The powder box 7 is of a cylindrical box body structure with an opening on the top surface, a partition 7-1 which divides the powder box 7 into a powder supply cavity 7-3 and a recovery cavity 7-2 is vertically arranged in the powder box 7, the powder box 7 is arranged in two assembly round holes 1-2 of the main body platform 1, and the upper end and the lower end of the powder box 7 are connected with the assembly round holes 1-2 through sealing ring roller bearings 8.
In order to ensure the optimal powder supply and recovery state, the partition 7-1 equally divides the powder box 7 into a powder supply cavity 7-3 and a recovery cavity 7-2; in order to avoid powder residue, the upper end of the powder box 7 and the sealing ring roller bearing 8 connecting the upper end of the powder box with the assembly round hole 1-2 are all level with the top surface of the main body platform 1.
The two powder box rotating devices 10 are respectively fixed on the bottom surfaces of the main body platform 1, and the rotating shafts of the two powder box rotating devices 10 are respectively and coaxially connected with the bottom surfaces of the two powder boxes 7.
Specifically, the powder box rotating device 10 comprises a powder box driving motor 10-2 and a motor mounting bracket 10-1, wherein the motor mounting bracket 10-1 is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform 1, and the powder box driving motor 10-2 is arranged on the motor mounting bracket 10-1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, each powder box 7 is provided with a powder feeding device, the powder feeding device comprises a powder feeding plate 17 and a powder feeding plate lifting device 12, the powder feeding plate 17 is matched with the cross section of a powder feeding cavity 7-3 in the powder box 7, the powder feeding plate lifting device 12 is arranged on the powder box 7, the lifting end of the powder feeding plate lifting device vertically penetrates into the powder feeding cavity 7-3, and the powder feeding plate 17 is horizontally arranged in the powder feeding cavity 7-3 and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the powder feeding plate lifting device 12.
Specifically, the powder supply plate lifting device 12 comprises a second lifting motor 12-1, a second motor plate 12-2, a second screw rod 12-5 and a second polished rod 12-4, wherein the second lifting motor 12-1 is fixed on the bottom surface of the second motor plate 12-2, the lower end of the second screw rod 12-5 is connected with an output shaft of the second lifting motor 12-1 through a second coupling 12-3, the second screw rod 12-5 penetrates through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity 7-3 and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity, the two groups of the second polished rods 12-4 are arranged, the lower ends of the two second polished rods 12-4 are fixedly connected with the top surface of the second motor plate 12-2, the two second polished rods 12-4 penetrate through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity 7-3, and the upper ends of the two second polished rods 12-4 are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the powder supply plate 17.
In the above-mentioned powder feeding plate lifting device 12, the upper end of the second screw rod 12-5 is always located below the powder feeding plate 17 and is not in contact with the powder feeding plate, so that the upper end of the second screw rod 12-5 should be as close to the powder feeding plate 17 as possible when moving to the highest position in order to maximize the stroke of the powder feeding plate 17.
It should be noted that the fixed position of the motor mounting bracket 10-1 should avoid the powder feeding plate lifting device 12 from colliding with it.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the powder spreading device includes a powder spreading mechanism 6 and two sets of power slide rails 2, the two sets of power slide rails 2 are respectively disposed on front and rear sides of the main body platform 1, and the two power slide rails are parallel, and the powder spreading mechanism 6 is disposed on the sliding blocks of the two power slide rails 2.
Specifically, the powder spreading mechanism 6 comprises a powder spreading roller 6-4, a powder spreading roller support frame 6-1, a powder spreading roller driving motor 6-2 and a synchronous pulley 6-3, wherein two ends of the powder spreading roller support frame 6-1 are respectively and fixedly connected with the sliding blocks of the two groups of power sliding rails 2, the powder spreading roller 6-4 is horizontally and rotatably arranged below the powder spreading roller support frame 6-1, the powder spreading roller driving motor 6-2 is fixed on the powder spreading roller support frame 6-1, one end of the synchronous pulley 6-3 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the powder spreading roller driving motor 6-2, and the other end of the synchronous pulley 6-3 is coaxially connected with the end of the powder spreading roller 6-4.
In the embodiment, the power slide rail 2 is a T-shaped linear guide rail and is matched with a sliding motor. The power slide rail 2 is a mature prior art, and the structure thereof is not described here again.
In addition, the powder spreading mechanism 6 can also adopt a scraping plate.
The front side and the rear side of the main body platform 1 are respectively provided with a section bar foot rest 9, and the power sliding rail 2 is fixed on the section bar foot rest 9.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, a laser galvanometer 4 is disposed above a molding cavity 1-1 on the top surface of a main body platform 1 through a galvanometer frame 3, and a joint between the galvanometer frame 3 and the main body platform 1 is located outside two power slide rails 2. Preferably, the vibrating mirror frame 3 is also fixed on profile foot frames 9 arranged on the front side and the rear side of the main body platform 1.
The laser vibrating mirror 4 comprises a vibrating mirror shell 4-1, a laser emitting port 4-2, an X vibrating mirror 4-4, a Y vibrating mirror 4-3 and a field mirror 4-5, wherein the X vibrating mirror 4-4 is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the vibrating mirror shell 4-1, the Y vibrating mirror 4-3 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the vibrating mirror shell 4-1, and laser energy emitted by the laser emitting port 4-2 is reflected by the Y vibrating mirror 4-3 and the X vibrating mirror 4-4 in sequence and then emitted by the field mirror 4-5.
Preferably, the front side of the vibrating mirror frame 3 is connected with the main body platform 1 through a locking piece, and the rear side of the vibrating mirror frame 3 is hinged with the main body platform 1. After the workpiece is formed, the vibrating mirror frame 3 is turned backwards, so that a space can be reserved, and the workpiece can be taken out conveniently.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, as one embodiment, the above technical solution further includes a preheating device 5, where the preheating device 5 is fixed on the galvanometer bracket 3 and is located below the laser galvanometer 4. Specifically, the preheating device 5 comprises a square groove shell 5-1 and four groups of preheating pipes 5-2, the four groups of preheating pipes 5-2 are respectively fixed in the groove bodies around the square groove shell 5-1 through preheating pipe fixing brackets 5-3, and the outer wall of the square groove shell 5-1 is provided with a preheating device fixing hole 5-4.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the powder supply, powder spreading, residual powder classification recovery and laser selective sintering process of the 3D printer comprises the following steps:
before the 3D printer is started, a powder supply cavity 7-3 in a right powder box 7 is positioned at the inner side, a recovery box 7-2 in a left powder box 7 is positioned at the inner side, different nonmetal powders are respectively filled in the powder supply cavities 7-3 of two powder boxes 7, a powder supply plate 17 is close to the bottom of the powder supply cavity 7-3, the top surface of a forming plate 16 is level with the top surface of a main body platform 1, and a powder laying roller 6-4 of a powder laying mechanism 6 is tangent with a partition plate 7-1 as shown in figure 1;
powder supply and powder spreading of the right powder box 7: the molding plate lifting device 11 is started, the first lifting motor 11-1 is reversed, the molding plate 16 vertically moves downwards for a certain distance along with the rotation of the first screw rod 11-4, meanwhile, the powder supply plate lifting device 12 of the right powder box 7 is started, the second lifting motor 12-1 is positively driven, and the powder supply plate 17 vertically moves upwards for a certain distance along with the rotation of the second screw rod 12-5; the power slide rail 2 is started, the sliding motor of the power slide rail positively rotates, the slide block moves leftwards along the T-shaped linear slide rail and drives the powder paving mechanism 6 to move leftwards from right, meanwhile, the powder paving roller 6-4 rotates under the drive of the powder paving roller driving motor 6-2, the powder paving mechanism 6 pushes powder pushed out by the powder supply cavity 7-3 in the right powder box 7 into the forming cavity 1-1 for paving and compacting in the process of moving leftwards from right, and the powder left after powder paving is directly pushed into the recovery cavity 7-2 in the left powder box 7, so that the powder supply and powder paving process of the right powder box is completed;
and (3) laser selective sintering: laser generated by a laser emitting port 4-2 in the laser vibrating mirror 4 is reflected by the Y vibrating mirror 4-3 and the X vibrating mirror 4-4, is emitted to the powder surface in the forming cavity 1-1 by the field mirror 4-5, and is scanned and sintered in a selected area;
the positions of the powder supply cavity 7-3 and the recovery cavity 7-2 are changed: the two powder box rotating devices 10 are started, the powder box driving motor 10-2 corresponding to the right powder box 7 drives the powder box driving motor to rotate, so that the recovery cavity 7-2 in the right powder box 7 is positioned at the inner side, the powder box driving motor 10-2 corresponding to the left powder box 7 drives the powder box driving motor to rotate, and the powder supplying cavity 7-3 in the left powder box 7 is positioned at the inner side;
powder supply and powder spreading of the left side powder box 7: after the positions of the powder supply cavity 7-3 and the recovery cavity 7-2 are changed, the molding plate lifting device 11 is started, the first lifting motor 11-1 is reversed, the molding plate 16 moves vertically downwards for a certain distance again along with the rotation of the first screw rod 11-4, meanwhile, the powder supply plate lifting device 12 of the left powder box 7 is started, the second lifting motor 12-1 is positively transmitted, and the powder supply plate 17 moves vertically upwards for a certain distance along with the rotation of the second screw rod 12-5; the power slide rail 2 is started, the sliding motor of the power slide rail is positively rotated, the slide block moves rightwards along the T-shaped linear slide rail and drives the powder spreading mechanism 6 to move leftwards and rightwards, meanwhile, the powder spreading roller 6-4 rotates under the drive of the powder spreading roller driving motor 6-2, powder pushed out by the powder supply cavity 7-3 in the left powder box 7 is pushed into the forming cavity 1-1 to be spread and compacted in the process of moving the powder spreading mechanism 6 leftwards and the powder left after powder spreading is directly pushed into the recovery cavity 7-2 in the right powder box 7, and the powder supply and powder spreading process of the left powder box 7 is completed;
and then repeating the laser selective sintering to finish the second selective sintering. Thereafter, the above steps are cycled until the workpiece is formed.
In general, the invention designs the powder tanks 7 with left and right cylindrical tank structures, each powder tank 7 is divided into the powder supply cavity 7-3 and the recovery cavity 7-2 through the partition plate 7-1, the powder supply cavities 7-3 of the two powder tanks 7 respectively contain different nonmetallic powder, the powder paving mechanism 6 reciprocates, the powder supply is matched with the corresponding powder tanks 7 to supply powder, and alternate mixing powder supply can be realized, so that the situation that the sintering and forming of workpieces consisting of two different nonmetallic powders cannot simultaneously supply different types of powder is changed, meanwhile, the powder tank 7 is driven to rotate through the powder tank rotating device 10, the powder supply cavity 7-3 in one end of the powder tanks 7 is close to the forming cavity 1-1 (i.e. positioned at the inner side), the recovery cavity 7-2 in the other end of the powder tank 7 is close to the forming cavity 1-1 (i.e. positioned at the inner side), and after each powder paving is completed, the residual powder can be recovered into the corresponding recovery cavity 7-2, and the classified recovery of the residual powder is realized. The 3D printer has low manufacturing cost and less material consumption, and belongs to the grade of a desktop.
Of course, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that all equivalent modifications made in the principles of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a desktop level mixes powder formula non-metal powder 3D printer which characterized in that: the device comprises a main body platform, a platform frame, a forming plate lifting device, a powder box rotating device, a powder supplying device, a powder paving device, a laser vibrating mirror and a vibrating mirror frame;
the middle part of the top surface of the main body platform is vertically and downwards provided with a non-penetrating forming cavity, and both ends of the top surface of the main body platform are vertically and downwards provided with penetrating assembly round holes;
the platform frame is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform;
the cross section of the molding plate is matched with that of the molding cavity;
the forming plate lifting device is arranged on the main body platform, the lifting end of the forming plate lifting device vertically penetrates into the forming cavity, and the forming plate is horizontally arranged in the forming cavity and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the forming plate lifting device;
the powder box is of a cylindrical box body structure with an opening on the top surface, a partition plate which divides the powder box into a powder supply cavity and a recovery cavity is vertically arranged in the powder box, the powder box is arranged in two assembly round holes of the main body platform, and the upper end and the lower end of the powder box are connected with the assembly round holes through sealed ring roller bearings;
the two powder box rotating devices are respectively and coaxially connected with the bottom surfaces of the two powder boxes;
each powder box is provided with a powder supply device, the powder supply device comprises a powder supply plate and a powder supply plate lifting device, the powder supply plate is matched with the cross section of a powder supply cavity in the powder box, the powder supply plate lifting device is arranged on the powder box, the lifting end of the powder supply plate lifting device vertically penetrates into the powder supply cavity, and the powder supply plate is horizontally arranged in the powder supply cavity and fixedly connected with the lifting end of the powder supply plate lifting device;
the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading mechanism and two groups of power sliding rails, wherein the two groups of power sliding rails are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the main body platform, and are parallel to each other, and the powder spreading mechanism is arranged on the sliding blocks of the two power sliding rails;
the laser galvanometer is arranged above the forming cavity on the top surface of the main body platform through a galvanometer rack, and the joint of the galvanometer rack and the main body platform is positioned at the outer sides of the two power slide rails.
2. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the molding plate lifting device comprises a first lifting motor, a first motor plate, a first screw rod and a first polished rod, wherein the first lifting motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the first motor plate, the lower end of the first screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the first lifting motor through a first coupler, the first screw rod penetrates through the bottom surface of a molding cavity and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the molding cavity, the first polished rods are two groups, the lower ends of the two first polished rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the first motor plate, the two first polished rods penetrate through the bottom surface of the molding cavity, and the upper ends of the two first polished rods are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the molding plate.
3. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the powder supply plate lifting device comprises a second lifting motor, a second motor plate, a second screw rod and a second polish rod, wherein the second lifting motor is fixed on the bottom surface of the second motor plate, the lower end of the second screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the second lifting motor through a second coupler, the second screw rod penetrates through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity and is in threaded connection with the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity, the second polish rods are two groups, the lower ends of the two second polish rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the second motor plate, the two second polish rods penetrate through the bottom surface of the powder supply cavity, and the upper ends of the two second polish rods are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the powder supply plate.
4. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the powder spreading mechanism comprises a powder spreading roller, a powder spreading roller support frame, a powder spreading roller driving motor and a synchronous belt pulley, wherein two ends of the powder spreading roller support frame are fixedly connected with sliding blocks of two groups of power sliding rails respectively, the powder spreading roller is horizontally and rotatably arranged below the powder spreading roller support frame, the powder spreading roller driving motor is fixed on the powder spreading roller support frame, one end of the synchronous belt pulley is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the powder spreading roller driving motor, and the other end of the synchronous belt pulley is coaxially connected with the end of the powder spreading roller.
5. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the powder box rotating device comprises a powder box driving motor and a motor mounting bracket, wherein the motor mounting bracket is fixed on the bottom surface of the main body platform, and the powder box driving motor is arranged on the motor mounting bracket.
6. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the laser galvanometer comprises a galvanometer bracket, a laser galvanometer, a preheating device and a laser oscillator.
7. The desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer of claim 6, wherein: the preheating device comprises a rectangular groove shell and four groups of preheating pipes, wherein the four groups of preheating pipes are respectively fixed in the groove bodies around the rectangular groove shell through preheating pipe fixing brackets, and the outer wall of the rectangular groove shell is provided with a preheating device fixing hole.
8. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front side and the rear side of the main body platform are respectively provided with a section bar foot rest, and the power sliding rail and the vibrating mirror frame are respectively fixed on the section bar foot rest.
9. A desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the platform frame comprises four groups of supporting legs and leg fixing plates, the supporting legs are distributed in a matrix and penetrate through the leg fixing plates in equal length and are fixedly connected with the leg fixing plates, and casters are arranged at the lower end of each supporting leg.
10. The desktop grade mixed powder-fed non-metallic powder 3D printer of claim 9, wherein: the middle part of leg fixed plate is equipped with the hole of dodging that is used for shaping board lifting device to pass through.
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