CN113478820A - Selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device - Google Patents
Selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113478820A CN113478820A CN202110901856.6A CN202110901856A CN113478820A CN 113478820 A CN113478820 A CN 113478820A CN 202110901856 A CN202110901856 A CN 202110901856A CN 113478820 A CN113478820 A CN 113478820A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/58—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads for changing the material composition, e.g. by mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/218—Rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
- B29C64/336—Feeding of two or more materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/357—Recycling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selective laser sintering vertical mixing powder supply device, which aims to solve the problems that in the process of combining and forming powder materials in the existing laser sintering process, the powder supply mode is vertical powder supply, a powder supply box cannot supply different types of powder simultaneously, and the residual powder cannot be classified and recycled after each layer of sintering is finished. The powder feeding device comprises a left powder falling box, a lower powder supplying box, a forming box and a right powder falling box, wherein the left powder falling box, the lower powder supplying box, the forming box and the right powder falling box are sequentially arranged below an outer frame from left to right, lifting devices are arranged in the lower powder supplying box and the forming box respectively, a preheating device is arranged right above the forming box and can slide along the outer frame, a laser galvanometer is arranged above the preheating device, an upper powder supplying box is fixed on a powder paving system, the upper powder supplying box and the powder paving system can slide along a cylindrical guide rail through two T-shaped linear slide rail mechanisms and a cylindrical guide rail slide block, and the cylindrical guide rail is fixed on the outer frame. The invention can realize the laser sintering of upper and lower powder supply and two different powders according to a certain proportion, and can also classify and recycle the unformed powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser sintering forming, and particularly relates to a selective laser sintering vertical mixing powder supply device.
Background
3D printing (3DP), a technique for rapid prototyping, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technique that constructs an object by printing layer by layer using a bondable material, such as powdered metal or non-metal, based on a digital model file. 3D printing is typically achieved using digital technology material printers. The method is often used for manufacturing models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design and the like, and is gradually used for directly manufacturing some products, and parts printed by the technology are already available. The technology has applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, and other fields. The development of the industrialization of the 3D printing manufacturing technology has great strategic significance on the structure transformation in China, and the 3D printing technology can promote the structure transformation adjustment in China and improve the manufacturing level.
The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) process is one of the most advanced 3D printing technologies, which is called laser sintering technology for short, and mainly uses powder and the like as materials, and the principle of the process is to laser sinter powder materials so that the powder materials are combined and formed. The SLS technique also uses the principle of layup build-up forming, except that it first lays a layer of powder material, preheats the material to near the melting point, scans the layer across the cross-section with a laser to raise the powder temperature to the melting point, then sinters to form a bond, and then repeats the process of laying and sintering until the entire mold is formed. The powder plays an important role in the forming process of parts, but the following problems still exist in the present connection: firstly, the traditional powder supply mode is still the lower powder supply mode at present; the powder supply box can not supply different types of powder simultaneously, only the same powder can be paved in the whole powder paving process, and parts formed by sintering different powders are difficult to prepare; and thirdly, the classification, recovery and cyclic utilization of the residual powder after sintering of each layer are difficult to complete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a selective laser sintering vertical mixing powder supply device, aiming at solving the problems that in the process of combining and forming powder materials in the existing laser sintering process, the powder supply mode is the lower powder supply, a powder supply box cannot supply different types of powder simultaneously, and the residual powder cannot be classified and recycled after each layer of sintering is finished.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
a selective laser sintering up-and-down mixed powder supply device comprises an outer frame, a right powder falling box, a forming box, a lower powder supply box, a lifting device, a left powder falling box, a powder spreading system, an upper powder supply box, a preheating device, a laser vibrating mirror, a T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism, a cylindrical guide rail and a cylindrical guide rail slider, wherein the left powder falling box, the lower powder supply box, the forming box and the right powder falling box are sequentially arranged below the outer frame from left to right, the lifting device is arranged in the lower powder supply box and the forming box, the preheating device is arranged right above the forming box, the distance between the bottom of the preheating device and the top of the forming box is 30cm, a T-shaped nut on the preheating device is in sliding connection with a notch of an aluminum profile of the outer frame, the laser vibrating mirror is arranged above the preheating device, a shell of the laser vibrating mirror is fixed on the outer frame, the upper powder supply box is arranged below the preheating device, the upper part of the upper powder supply box is connected with a lead screw slider on the T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism, the lower portion of the upper powder supply box is fixed to the powder spreading system, the powder spreading system is fixed to the cylindrical guide rail sliding block, the cylindrical guide rail sliding block is connected with the cylindrical guide rail in a sliding mode, the cylindrical guide rail is fixed to the outer frame, the two T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the upper powder supply box, and the T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanisms are fixed to the outer frame.
Furthermore, the outer frame is a rectangular hexahedral frame, and each frame is made of aluminum profiles.
Furthermore, the right powder dropping box, the forming box, the lower powder supplying box and the left powder dropping box are all box structures with open tops.
Furthermore, the lifting device comprises a powder supporting plate, a lifting screw rod, a lifting motor, a screw rod T-shaped sleeve, a polished rod and a polished rod T-shaped sleeve, one end of the lifting screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the lifting motor, the other end of the lifting screw rod is inserted into a hole in the powder supporting plate and can freely rotate, the upper end of the polished rod is fixedly connected with the powder supporting plate, the lower end of the polished rod is fixedly connected with a motor plate of the lifting motor, an inner hole of the screw rod T-shaped sleeve is a threaded hole, the screw rod T-shaped sleeve is in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod, and the polished rod T-shaped sleeve is sleeved on the polished rod.
Furthermore, the powder spreading system comprises a bearing plate, a powder spreading roller, a powder spreading motor, an inner shaft and a powder spreading bearing seat, wherein two ends of the inner shaft are supported in the powder spreading bearing seat, the powder spreading bearing seat is fixed on the bearing plate, the powder spreading roller is arranged on the inner shaft, and the input end of the inner shaft is connected with an output shaft of the powder spreading motor.
Furthermore, the upper powder supply box comprises a powder supply motor, a driving gear, a powder supply box body, a driving gear of a driven gear and a driven shaft, the two driven gears are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the driving gear, the two driven gears are meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are arranged in the powder supply box body, the driving gear is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the driven gear is fixedly arranged on the driven shaft, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are supported on the powder supply box body through bearings, the input end of the driving shaft is connected with the output shaft of the powder supply motor, the powder supply motor is arranged outside the powder supply box body and fixed on the powder supply box body, a powder leakage opening is formed in the bottom of the powder supply box body, and the length of the powder leakage opening is larger than the diameter of the driving gear.
Furthermore, the length of the powder leakage opening is larger than the diameter of the driving gear.
Further, preheating device includes opening iron box, handle, four preheater tubes, four interior hexagonal cylinder head bolts and four T type nuts, is provided with back the shape recess on the opening iron box, respectively places a preheater tube in four side channels of returning the shape recess, and the handle setting is at the back of returning the shape recess, and the handle is fixed on the opening iron box, and the front and back terminal surface of opening iron box all is provided with the bolt mounting hole, and every bolt mounting hole is furnished with an interior hexagonal cylinder head bolt and a T type nut, and interior hexagonal cylinder head bolt passes bolt mounting hole and T type nut threaded connection.
Further, the laser galvanometer comprises a laser transmitter, a field lens, an X galvanometer, a Y galvanometer and a shell, wherein the X galvanometer is horizontally arranged in the shell, the tail of the X galvanometer is fixed on the shell, the Y galvanometer and the X galvanometer are vertically arranged, the tail of the Y galvanometer is fixed on the shell, the laser transmitter and the X galvanometer are oppositely arranged, the laser transmitter is arranged on the shell, the field lens is arranged below the outer part of the shell, and the field lens is arranged on the shell.
Furthermore, the T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism comprises a slide rail motor, a slide rail lead screw, a linear slide rail, two lead screw sliders and two slide rail bearing seats, wherein the two lead screw sliders are in threaded connection with the slide rail lead screw, the lead screw sliders are in sliding connection with the linear slide rail, two ends of the slide rail lead screw are respectively hinged with the corresponding slide rail bearing seats, the input end of the slide rail lead screw is connected with the output shaft of the slide rail motor, and the slide rail bearing seats are fixed on the linear slide rail.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the upper and lower powder supply boxes are designed, and the powder loaded in each powder box is different, so that the upper and lower mixed powder supply is realized, the upper and lower powder supply can be realized, different types of powder can be supplied simultaneously, and molded parts sintered by different powders can be prepared; the traditional powder supply mode that only lower powder supply is adopted is changed.
2. The invention designs a left powder dropping box and a right powder dropping box, and the powder recovered from the left powder dropping box and the right powder dropping box is also different powder. The powder supplied by the lower powder supply box can be recovered to the right powder falling box, and the powder supplied by the upper powder supply box can be recovered to the left powder falling box; the classification recovery and the cyclic utilization of the residual powder are realized, and the material utilization rate is improved.
3. The preheating device in the device can move in the horizontal direction; the powder supply of the upper powder supply box is mainly completed by 3 gears which are meshed with each other.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the lifting device 5;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the powder laying system 7;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper powder supply box 8;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the engagement of the drive gear 8-2 with the driven gear 8-4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the preheating device 9;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the laser galvanometer 10;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism 11.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 8, and comprises an outer frame 1, a right powder dropping box 2, a forming box 3, a lower powder supplying box 4, a lifting device 5, a left powder dropping box 6, a powder spreading system 7, an upper powder supplying box 8, a preheating device 9, a laser vibrating mirror 10, a T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism 11, a cylindrical guide rail 12 and a cylindrical guide rail slider 13, wherein the left powder dropping box 6, the lower powder supplying box 4, the forming box 3 and the right powder dropping box 2 are sequentially arranged below the outer frame 1 from left to right, each powder box is fixed into a whole by an aluminum profile and is fixedly connected with the outer frame 1 through a dovetail groove, the lifting device 5 is arranged in the lower powder supplying box 4 and the forming box 3, the preheating device 9 is arranged right above the forming box 3, the distance between the bottom of the preheating device 9 and the top of the forming box 3 is 30cm, a T-shaped nut 9-5 on the device 9 is connected with the notch of the outer frame 1 in a sliding manner, the laser galvanometer 10 is arranged above the preheating device 9, a shell of the laser galvanometer 10 is fixed on the outer frame 1, the upper powder supply box 8 is arranged below the preheating device 9, the upper part of the upper powder supply box 8 is connected with a lead screw slide block 11-3 on a T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism 11, the lower part of the upper powder supply box 8 is fixed on the powder paving system 7, the powder paving system 7 is fixed on a cylindrical guide rail slide block 13, the cylindrical guide rail slide block 13 is connected with a cylindrical guide rail 12 in a sliding mode, the cylindrical guide rail 12 is fixed on the outer frame 1, the two T-shaped linear slide rail mechanisms 11 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper powder supply box 8, and the T-shaped linear slide rail mechanisms 11 are fixed on the outer frame 1.
In this embodiment, the outer frame 1 is a rectangular hexahedral frame, and each frame is made of an aluminum profile.
In this embodiment, the right powder dropping box 2, the forming box 3, the lower powder supplying box 4 and the left powder dropping box 6 are all box structures with an opening in the upper part.
In the embodiment, the lifting device 5 comprises a powder supporting plate 5-1, a lifting screw 5-2 and a lifting motor 5-3, the powder lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod T-shaped sleeve 5-4, a polish rod 5-5 and a polish rod T-shaped sleeve 5-6, wherein one end of a lifting screw rod 5-2 is connected with an output shaft of a lifting motor 5-3, the other end of the lifting screw rod 5-3 is inserted into a hole in a powder supporting plate 5-1 and can freely rotate, the upper end of the polish rod 5-5 is fixedly connected with the powder supporting plate 5-1, the lower end of the polish rod 5-4 is fixedly connected with a motor plate of the lifting motor 5-3, an inner hole of the screw rod T-shaped sleeve 5-4 is a threaded hole, the screw rod T-shaped sleeve 5-4 is in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod 5-2, and the polish rod T-shaped sleeve 5-6 is sleeved on the polish rod 5-5. The T-shaped sleeves 5-4 of the lead screws and the T-shaped sleeves 5-6 of the polish rods are fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the corresponding forming box 3 or the lower powder supply box 4 through connecting elements. Starting a lifting motor 5-3, when the lifting motor 5-3 in the lower powder supply box 4 rotates forwards, a lifting screw 5-2 rotates, a lifting device 5 in the lower powder supply box 4 moves upwards for a certain distance, and powder in the lower powder supply box 4 is pushed out of the lower powder supply box 4; when the lifting motor 5-3 in the forming box 3 rotates reversely, the lifting screw 5-2 rotates, and the lifting device 5 in the forming box 3 moves downwards to reserve enough space for next powder laying.
In the embodiment, the powder spreading system 7 comprises a bearing plate 7-1, a powder spreading roller 7-2, a powder spreading motor 7-3, an inner shaft 7-4 and a powder spreading bearing seat 7-5, wherein two ends of the inner shaft 7-4 are supported in the powder spreading bearing seat 7-5, the powder spreading bearing seat 7-5 is fixed on the bearing plate 7-1, the powder spreading roller 7-2 is installed on the inner shaft 7-4, the input end of the inner shaft 7-4 is connected with the output shaft of the powder spreading motor 7-3, the powder spreading motor 7-3 is started, and the powder spreading roller 7-2 is driven to rotate. The bearing plate 7-1 bears the weight totally from the upper powder supply box 8.
In the embodiment, the upper powder supply box 8 comprises a powder supply motor 8-1, a driving gear 8-2, a powder supply box body 8-3, a driven gear 8-4, a driving shaft 8-5 and a driven shaft 8-6, wherein the two driven gears 8-4 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the driving gear 8-2, the two driven gears 8-4 are both meshed with the driving gear 8-2, the driving gear 8-2 and the driven gear 8-4 are both arranged in the powder supply box body 8-3, the driving gear 8-2 is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft 8-5, the driven gear 8-4 is fixedly arranged on the driven shaft 8-6, the driving shaft 8-5 and the driven shaft 8-6 are both supported on the powder supply box body 8-3 through bearings, the input end of the driving shaft 8-5 is connected with the output shaft of the powder supply motor 8-1, the powder supply motor 8-1 is arranged outside the powder supply box body 8-3 and fixed on the powder supply box body 8-3, the bottom of the powder supply box body 8-3 is provided with a powder leakage opening 8-3-1, and the length of the powder leakage opening 8-3-1 is larger than the diameter of the driving gear 8-2. The powder supply motor 8-1 is started to drive the driving gear 8-2 to rotate, the driven gears 8-4 on the two sides are meshed with the driving gear 8-2 to rotate, and powder in the powder supply box body 8-3 is leaked from the powder leakage opening 8-3-1.
In this embodiment, the length of the powder leakage opening 8-3-1 should be larger than the diameter of the driving gear 8-2. The design is convenient for powder to leak from the meshing part of the driving gear 8-2 and the driven gear 8-4.
In the embodiment, the preheating device 9 comprises an open iron box 9-2, a handle 9-3, four preheating pipes 9-1, four hexagon socket head cap bolts 9-4 and four T-shaped nuts 9-5, the open iron box 9-2 is provided with a square groove 9-2-1, the preheating pipes 9-1 are respectively arranged in four side grooves of the square groove 9-2-1, the handle 9-3 is arranged on the back of the square groove 9-2-1, the handle 9-3 is fixed on the open iron box 9-2, the front end surface and the back end surface of the open iron box 9-2 are respectively provided with a bolt mounting hole 9-2-2, each bolt mounting hole 9-2-2 is provided with one hexagon socket head cap bolt 9-4 and one T-shaped nut 9-5, and the inner hexagonal socket head bolt 9-4 passes through the bolt mounting hole 9-2-2 to be in threaded connection with the T-shaped nut 9-5, the T-shaped nut 9-5 is in sliding connection with the aluminum profile notch on the outer frame 1, when the preheating device 9 needs to be moved, the preheating device 9 is manually moved, and the T-shaped nut 9-5 is used for driving the preheating device 9 to slide left and right in the outer frame 1.
In the embodiment, the laser galvanometer 10 comprises a laser emitter 10-1, a field lens 10-2, an X galvanometer 10-3, a Y galvanometer 10-4 and a shell 10-5, wherein the X galvanometer 10-3 is horizontally arranged in the shell 10-5, the tail of the X galvanometer 10-3 is fixed on the shell 10-5, the Y galvanometer 10-4 is vertically arranged with the X galvanometer 10-3, the tail of the Y galvanometer 10-4 is fixed on the shell 10-5, the laser emitter 10-1 is arranged opposite to the X galvanometer 10-3, the laser emitter 10-1 is arranged on the shell 10-5, the field lens 10-2 is arranged below the outer part of the shell 10-5, and the field lens 10-2 is arranged on the shell 10-5.
In this embodiment, the T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanism 11 includes a sliding rail motor 11-1, a sliding rail lead screw 11-2, a linear sliding rail 11-3, two lead screw sliders 11-4 and two sliding rail bearing seats 11-5, the two lead screw sliders 11-4 are both connected with the sliding rail lead screw 11-2 by threads, the lead screw slider 11-4 is connected with the linear sliding rail 11-3 by sliding, two ends of the sliding rail lead screw 11-2 are respectively hinged to the corresponding sliding rail bearing seats 11-5, an input end of the sliding rail lead screw 11-2 is connected with an output shaft of the sliding rail motor 11-1, and the sliding rail bearing seats 11-5 are fixed on the linear sliding rail 11-3. The powder paving system 7 and the upper powder supply box 8 realize the movement of the powder paving system 7 and the upper powder supply box 8 in the horizontal direction by means of two T-shaped linear slide rail mechanisms 11 at the upper part and a cylindrical guide rail 12 at the lower part.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the powder supply, powder spreading, laser sintering and residual powder recovery processes of the device are as follows:
before the upper and lower mixed powder supply device is started, the upper powder supply box 8 is positioned at the leftmost end of the outer frame 1, the powder support plate 5-1 of the lifting device 5 in the lower powder supply box 4 is positioned at the lower position in the middle of the box body and the box is filled with powder materials, and the upper surface of the powder support plate 5-1 of the lifting device 5 in the forming box 3 and the upper surface of the box body are positioned at the same horizontal position;
powder supply and powder laying of the lower powder supply box 4: starting a lifting motor 5-3 in a lower powder supply box 4 to rotate forward, enabling a lifting device 5 to move vertically upwards along with the rotation of a lifting screw 5-2 and push powder in the lower powder supply box 4 out of the lower powder supply box 4 for a certain distance, meanwhile, starting the lifting motor 5-3 in a forming box 3 to rotate reversely, and enabling the lifting device 5 to move vertically downwards for the same distance along with the rotation of the lifting screw 5-2; starting a slide rail motor 11-1 to rotate forwards, moving a lead screw slide block 11-4 rightwards along a cylindrical guide rail 12 along with the rotation of a slide rail lead screw 11-2, driving a powder paving system 7 and an upper powder supply box 8 to move from the leftmost side to the rightmost side, simultaneously driving a powder paving roller 7-2 to rotate under the driving of a powder paving motor 7-3, pushing powder pushed out of a lower powder supply box 4 into a forming box 3 to be paved in the process that the powder paving system 7 moves from left to right, directly pushing the rest powder after paving into a right powder dropping box 2, and completing the powder supply and powder paving processes of the lower powder supply box 4;
laser sintering: then, laser emitted by a laser emitter 10-1 in the laser galvanometer 10 is reflected by an X galvanometer 10-3 and a Y galvanometer 10-4, and is emitted to the forming box 3 by a field lens 10-2 to be scanned and sintered;
powder supply and powder laying of the upper powder supply box 8: after the first sintering, a lifting motor 5-3 in the forming box 3 is started to rotate reversely, the lifting device 5 vertically moves downwards along with the rotation of a lifting lead screw 5-2 for the same distance as the last sintering, a sliding rail motor 11-1 is started to rotate reversely, a lead screw slide block 11-4 moves leftwards along a cylindrical guide rail 12 along with the rotation of a sliding rail lead screw 11-2 and drives a powder paving system 7 and an upper powder supply box 8 to move from the rightmost side to the leftmost side, when the upper powder supply box 8 moves to the upper part of the forming box 3 and a powder leakage opening 8-3-1 is just positioned above the forming box 3, the powder supply motor 8-1 is started to drive a driving gear 8-2 to rotate, the driving gear 8-2 drives driven gears 8-4 at two sides to rotate in a meshed mode, powder in the upper powder supply box 8 leaks into the forming box 3 from the powder leakage opening 8-3-1, when the powder leakage opening is ready to leave the upper part of the forming box 3, powder leakage is stopped, when powder leakage just starts, the powder paving roller 7-2 is driven by the powder paving motor 7-3 to rotate, the powder paving system 7 is moved from right to left, powder leaked to the forming box 3 is paved, the rest powder after paving is directly pushed into the left powder falling box 6, and the powder supplying and powder paving processes of the upper powder supplying box 8 are finished;
and then the steps are continuously repeated to finish the second sintering again. Thereafter, the above steps are cycled until the part is formed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a selectivity laser sintering is mixed from top to bottom and is supplied powder device which characterized in that: the powder supply device comprises an outer frame (1), a right powder dropping box (2), a forming box (3), a lower powder supplying box (4), a lifting device (5), a left powder dropping box (6), a powder spreading system (7), an upper powder supplying box (8), a preheating device (9), a laser vibrating mirror (10), a T-shaped linear slide rail mechanism (11), a cylindrical guide rail (12) and a cylindrical guide rail slider (13), wherein the left powder dropping box (6), the lower powder supplying box (4), the forming box (3) and the right powder dropping box (2) are sequentially arranged below the outer frame (1) from left to right, the lifting device (5) is arranged in each of the lower powder supplying box (4) and the forming box (3), the preheating device (9) is arranged right above the forming box (3), the distance between the bottom of the preheating device (9) and the top of the forming box (3) is 30cm, and a T-shaped outer frame nut (9-5) on the preheating device (9) is in sliding connection with a notch of an aluminum profile of the aluminum profile (1), the laser vibrating mirror (10) is arranged above the preheating device (9), a shell of the laser vibrating mirror (10) is fixed on the outer frame (1), the upper powder supply box (8) is arranged below the preheating device (9), the upper part of the upper powder supply box (8) is connected with a lead screw sliding block (11-3) on a T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanism (11), the lower part of the upper powder supply box (8) is fixed on the powder paving system (7), the powder paving system (7) is fixed on a cylindrical guide rail sliding block (13), the cylindrical guide rail sliding block (13) is in sliding connection with a cylindrical guide rail (12), the cylindrical guide rail (12) is fixed on the outer frame (1), the two T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanisms (11) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper powder supply box (8), and the T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanisms (11) are fixed on the outer frame (1).
2. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer frame (1) is a rectangular hexahedral frame, and each frame is made of aluminum profiles.
3. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the right powder dropping box (2), the forming box (3), the lower powder supplying box (4) and the left powder dropping box (6) are all box structures with an opening in the upper part.
4. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 3, wherein: the lifting device (5) comprises a powder supporting plate (5-1), a lifting screw rod (5-2), a lifting motor (5-3), a screw rod T-shaped sleeve (5-4), a polish rod (5-5) and a polish rod T-shaped sleeve (5-6), one end of the lifting screw rod (5-2) is connected with an output shaft of the lifting motor (5-3), the other end of the lifting screw rod (5-3) is inserted into a hole in the powder supporting plate (5-1) and can freely rotate, the upper end of the polish rod (5-5) is fixedly connected with the powder supporting plate (5-1), the lower end of the polish rod (5-4) is fixedly connected with a motor plate of the lifting motor (5-3), an inner hole of the screw rod T-shaped sleeve (5-4) is a threaded hole, the screw rod T-shaped sleeve (5-4) is in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod (5-2), the polish rod T-shaped sleeve (5-6) is sleeved on the polish rod (5-5).
5. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 4, wherein: the powder paving system (7) comprises a bearing plate (7-1), a powder paving roller (7-2), a powder paving motor (7-3), an inner shaft (7-4) and a powder paving bearing seat (7-5), wherein two ends of the inner shaft (7-4) are supported in the powder paving bearing seat (7-5), the powder paving bearing seat (7-5) is fixed on the bearing plate (7-1), the powder paving roller (7-2) is installed on the inner shaft (7-4), and the input end of the inner shaft (7-4) is connected with the output shaft of the powder paving motor (7-3).
6. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 5, wherein: the upper powder supply box (8) comprises a powder supply motor (8-1), a driving gear (8-2), a powder supply box body (8-3), driven gears (8-4), a driving shaft (8-5) and driven shafts (8-6), the two driven gears (8-4) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the driving gear (8-2), the two driven gears (8-4) are meshed with the driving gear (8-2), the driving gear (8-2) and the driven gears (8-4) are arranged in the powder supply box body (8-3), the driving gear (8-2) is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft (8-5), the driven gears (8-4) are fixedly arranged on the driven shafts (8-6), and the driving shaft (8-5) and the driven shafts (8-6) are supported on the powder supply box body (8-3) through bearings, the input end of the driving shaft (8-5) is connected with the output shaft of the powder supply motor (8-1), the powder supply motor (8-1) is arranged outside the powder supply box body (8-3) and fixed on the powder supply box body (8-3), the bottom of the powder supply box body (8-3) is provided with a powder leakage opening (8-3-1), and the length of the powder leakage opening (8-3-1) is larger than the diameter of the driving gear (8-2).
7. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 6, wherein: the length of the powder leakage opening (8-3-1) is larger than the diameter of the driving gear (8-2).
8. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 7, wherein: the preheating device (9) comprises an open iron box (9-2), a handle (9-3), four preheating pipes (9-1), four inner hexagonal cylindrical head bolts (9-4) and four T-shaped nuts (9-5), wherein a clip-shaped groove (9-2-1) is formed in the open iron box (9-2), one preheating pipe (9-1) is respectively placed in each of four side grooves of the clip-shaped groove (9-2-1), the handle (9-3) is arranged on the back of the clip-shaped groove (9-2-1), the handle (9-3) is fixed on the open iron box (9-2), bolt mounting holes (9-2-2) are formed in the front end face and the back end face of the open iron box (9-2), and each bolt mounting hole (9-2-2) is provided with one inner hexagonal head bolt (9-4) and one T-shaped nut (9-5) And the inner hexagonal cylinder head bolt (9-4) passes through the bolt mounting hole (9-2-2) and is in threaded connection with the T-shaped nut (9-5).
9. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 8, wherein: the laser galvanometer (10) comprises a laser emitter (10-1), a field lens (10-2), an X galvanometer (10-3), a Y galvanometer (10-4) and a shell (10-5), the X galvanometer (10-3) is horizontally arranged in the shell (10-5), the tail part of the X-ray galvanometer (10-3) is fixed on the shell (10-5), the Y-ray galvanometer (10-4) is arranged vertically to the X-ray galvanometer (10-3), the tail part of the Y galvanometer (10-4) is fixed on the shell (10-5), the laser emitter (10-1) is arranged opposite to the X galvanometer (10-3), the laser emitter (10-1) is arranged on the shell (10-5), the field lens (10-2) is arranged below the outer part of the shell (10-5), and the field lens (10-2) is arranged on the shell (10-5).
10. The selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device according to claim 9, wherein: the T-shaped linear sliding rail mechanism (11) comprises a sliding rail motor (11-1), a sliding rail lead screw (11-2), a linear sliding rail (11-3), two lead screw sliders (11-4) and two sliding rail bearing seats (11-5), wherein the two lead screw sliders (11-4) are in threaded connection with the sliding rail lead screw (11-2), the lead screw sliders (11-4) are in sliding connection with the linear sliding rail (11-3), two ends of the sliding rail lead screw (11-2) are respectively hinged with the corresponding sliding rail bearing seats (11-5), the input end of the sliding rail lead screw (11-2) is connected with the output shaft of the sliding rail motor (11-1), and the sliding rail bearing seats (11-5) are fixed on the linear sliding rail (11-3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110901856.6A CN113478820A (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110901856.6A CN113478820A (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Selective laser sintering up-down mixing powder supply device |
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| CN113478820A true CN113478820A (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114643711A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-21 | 湖北第二师范学院 | Desktop level mixes supplies non-metallic powder 3D printer of powder formula |
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2021
- 2021-08-06 CN CN202110901856.6A patent/CN113478820A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114643711A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-21 | 湖北第二师范学院 | Desktop level mixes supplies non-metallic powder 3D printer of powder formula |
| CN114643711B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-04-02 | 湖北第二师范学院 | Desktop-level mixed powder-supply type nonmetal powder 3D printer |
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