CN113157006A - Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel - Google Patents

Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113157006A
CN113157006A CN202110284007.0A CN202110284007A CN113157006A CN 113157006 A CN113157006 A CN 113157006A CN 202110284007 A CN202110284007 A CN 202110284007A CN 113157006 A CN113157006 A CN 113157006A
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China
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solar panel
motor
automatic tracking
illumination
tracking control
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于敏
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12Control of position or direction using feedback
    • G05D3/20Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic tracking control device and method for a solar cell panel, and relates to the technical field of solar power generation control. The automatic tracking control device for the solar panel comprises the solar panel and a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is positioned at the right lower end of the solar panel, a gear connecting seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom end of the solar panel, and a lower supporting seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end of the mounting frame; the automatic tracking control method of the solar panel comprises the following steps: s1, starting the device, and enabling four illumination sensors to start working; s2, four illumination sensors detect four illumination intensity values: first illumination intensity E1, second illumination intensity E2, third illumination intensity E3 and fourth illumination intensity E4; and S3, comparing the four numerical values by the central processing unit. The automatic tracking control device and the automatic tracking control method for the solar panel can automatically and accurately track the sun, so that the solar panel always faces the sun and is automatically controlled.

Description

Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation control, in particular to an automatic tracking control device and method for a solar cell panel.
Background
Solar energy is a renewable energy source. Refers to the heat radiation energy of the sun, which is mainly expressed by the solar rays. In modern times it is commonly used to generate electricity or to power water heaters. A solar cell is also called a "solar chip" or a "photovoltaic cell", and is a photoelectric semiconductor sheet that directly generates electricity by using sunlight. The single solar cell cannot be directly used as a power supply. As a power supply, a plurality of single solar cells must be connected in series, in parallel and tightly packaged into an assembly. The solar panel is an assembly formed by assembling a plurality of solar cells, is a core part in a solar power generation system, and is also the most important part in the solar power generation system. Current solar panel is mostly fixed setting, only can the straight face sun in a day for a period, and its generating efficiency maximize when solar panel is perpendicular with light, so current solar panel generating efficiency is general.
The prior patent (publication number is CN207557767U) discloses a domestic solar cell panel automatic tracking device, the device includes the base, a housing, a supporting plate, a controller, step motor one, gear two, the main shaft, a supporting rack, a bearing frame, panel inclination angle guiding mechanism, the universal wheel, solar cell panel, the device adopts step motor to drive gear one and gear two meshing, make the main shaft rotate in the device, and drive gear three and gear rack ring meshing through step motor two, make bracing piece one and bracing piece two rotate, adjustment solar cell panel inclination angle, carry out sunlight automatic tracking control through the singlechip, reach the effect of increase generating efficiency. However, the device mainly uses the singlechip to control the solar panel to rotate along the movement track of the sun, so that the solar panel cannot be directly opposite to the sun at any time, and the power generation efficiency cannot be maximized.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic tracking control device and method for a solar cell panel, and solves the problem that the existing automatic tracking control device for solar cell panel cannot be aligned to the sun at any time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic tracking control device for a solar cell panel comprises a solar panel and a mounting rack, wherein the mounting rack is positioned at the lower end of the solar panel, a gear connecting seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom center of the solar panel, a lower supporting seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end of the mounting rack, a supporting rod is arranged at the upper end of the lower supporting seat, the gear connecting seat is rotatably hinged at the top end of the supporting rod, a gear connecting disc is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the supporting rod, the gear connecting disc is rotatably hinged at the inner end of the lower supporting seat, a first motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rack, an output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the side wall of the lower supporting seat and is fixedly sleeved with a first gear, the first gear is mutually meshed with the gear connecting disc, a second motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the front side of the supporting rod, an output shaft of the second motor penetrates through the front wall of the top end of the supporting rod and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear, second gear and gear connecting seat intermeshing, the bottom mounting of mounting bracket is provided with quick-witted case, the inner of machine case is provided with controller and battery, solar panel's up end four corners is provided with an illumination sensor, No. two illumination sensors, No. three illumination sensors, No. four illumination sensors respectively, and an illumination sensor and No. two illumination sensors are with lieing in the rear side, and No. three illumination sensors and No. four illumination sensors are with lieing in the front side.
Preferably, the controller includes a signal converter, a central processing unit, a driving module, a first driver, a second driver, and a charging module, the central processing unit is electrically connected to the signal converter, the driving module, and the charging module, and the driving module is electrically connected to the first driver and the second driver, respectively.
Preferably, the charging module is electrically connected with the solar panel and the storage battery respectively.
Preferably, the signal converter is electrically connected with the first illumination sensor, the second illumination sensor, the third illumination sensor and the fourth illumination sensor respectively.
Preferably, the first driver is electrically connected with the first motor, and the second driver is electrically connected with the second motor.
Preferably, the first motor and the second motor are both stepping motors.
Preferably, the bottom end of the second motor is fixedly provided with an installation plate, the installation plate is fixedly connected to the front wall of the support rod, and the front end of the case is provided with a case door.
An automatic tracking control method for a solar cell panel comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the device, and enabling four illumination sensors to start working;
s2, four illumination sensors detect four illumination intensity values: first illumination intensity E1, second illumination intensity E2, third illumination intensity E3 and fourth illumination intensity E4;
s3, the central processing unit compares the four numerical values;
s4, detecting whether the comparison result is E1-E2-E3-E4, if so, performing step S5, and otherwise, performing step S6;
s5, the motor does not work;
s6, detecting whether the comparison result is E1< E3 or E2< E4, if so, performing a step S7, otherwise, performing a step S8;
s7, the first motor drives the solar panel to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S6 is repeated;
s8, detecting whether the comparison structure is E1> E3 or E2> E4, if so, performing a step S9, otherwise, performing a step S10;
s9, the first motor drives the solar panel to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S8 is repeated;
s10, detecting whether the contrast structure is E1< E2 or E4< E3, if so, performing a step S11, otherwise, performing a step S12;
s11, the second motor drives the solar panel to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S10 is repeated;
s12, detecting whether the contrast structure is E2< E1 or E3< E4, if so, performing the step S13, otherwise, repeating the step S4;
s13, the second motor drives the solar panel to incline towards the strong illumination intensity side, and then the step S12 is repeated.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides an automatic tracking control device and method for a solar cell panel. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides an automatic tracking control device of a solar panel, which has a simple structure, and controls two motors to work through a controller, thereby realizing the control of the steering of the solar panel, ensuring that the solar panel is over against the sun in real time and ensuring the maximization of the power generation efficiency.
2. The invention provides an automatic tracking control method of a solar cell panel, which realizes micro-control of a motor through real-time data detected by sensors arranged at four corners of the solar cell panel, so that the adjustment is accelerated and completed, the adjustment is full-automatic, and the use is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic tracking control device for a solar panel according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of a top structure of a support rod of the automatic tracking control device for a solar cell panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the solar panel structure of the automatic tracking control device for solar panel according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural electrical connection diagram of the automatic tracking control device for a solar cell panel according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic tracking control method for a solar cell panel according to the present invention. Wherein, 1, solar panel; 2. a gear connecting base; 3. a mounting frame; 4. a lower support seat; 5. a support bar; 6. A gear connecting disc; 7. a first motor; 8. a first gear; 9. mounting a plate; 10. a second motor; 11. A second gear; 12. a chassis; 13. a box door; 14. a controller; 15. a storage battery; 16. a first illumination sensor; 17. a second illumination sensor; 18. a third illumination sensor; 19. a fourth illumination sensor; 20. a signal converter; 21. a central processing unit; 22. a drive module; 23. a first driver; 24. A second driver; 25. and a charging module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tracking control device for a solar panel, including a solar panel 1 and an installation frame 3, where the installation frame 3 is located at a right lower end of the solar panel 1, a gear connecting seat 2 is fixedly disposed at a bottom center of the solar panel 1, a lower supporting seat 4 is fixedly disposed at an upper center of the installation frame 3, a supporting rod 6 is disposed at an upper end of the lower supporting seat 4, the gear connecting seat 2 is rotatably hinged to a top end of the supporting rod 5, a gear connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to a bottom end of the supporting rod 5, the gear connecting plate 6 is rotatably hinged to an inner end of the lower supporting seat 4, a first motor 7 is fixedly disposed at an upper end of the installation frame 3, an output shaft of the first motor 7 penetrates through a side wall of the lower supporting seat 4 and is fixedly sleeved with a first gear 8, the first gear 8 is, thereby control slope around solar panel 1, the front side of bracing piece 5 leans on the fixed second motor 10 that is provided with of upper end department, first motor 7 and second motor 10 are step motor, the bottom mounting of second motor 10 is provided with mounting panel 9, and mounting panel 9 fixed connection is on the 5 antethecas of bracing piece, the output shaft of second motor 10 runs through 5 top antethecas of bracing piece and fixed cover and is equipped with second gear 11, second gear 11 and gear connecting seat 2 intermeshing, second motor 10 during operation drives gear connecting seat 2 through second gear 11 and rotates, the slope of control solar panel 1 both sides.
The bottom mounting of mounting bracket 3 is provided with quick-witted case 12, the front end of machine case 12 is provided with chamber door 13, the inner of machine case 12 is provided with controller 14 and battery 15, solar panel 1's up end four corners is provided with a light sensor 16 respectively, No. two light sensor 17, No. three light sensor 18, No. four light sensor 19, and a light sensor 16 and No. two light sensor 17 are with being located the rear side, No. three light sensor 18 and No. four light sensor 19 are with being located the front side, and a light sensor 16 and No. four light sensor 19 are with being on the left side, No. two light sensor 17 and No. three light sensor 18 are with on the right.
The controller 14 comprises a signal converter 20, a central processing unit 21, a driving module 22, a first driver 23, a second driver 24 and a charging module 25, wherein the central processing unit 21 is respectively electrically connected with the signal converter 20, the driving module 22 and the charging module 25, the driving module 22 is respectively electrically connected with the first driver 23 and the second driver 24, the charging module 25 is respectively electrically connected with the solar panel 1 and the storage battery 15, the signal converter 20 is respectively electrically connected with the first illumination sensor 16, the second illumination sensor 17, the third illumination sensor 18 and the fourth illumination sensor 19, the first driver 23 is electrically connected with the first motor 7, the second driver is electrically connected with the second motor 10, the illumination intensity signals detected by the illumination sensors are converted by the signal converter 20 and then transmitted to the central processing unit 21, and the central processing unit 21 sends control signals to the two drivers by the driving module 22 after data analysis And then transferred to the motor for control.
An automatic tracking control method for a solar cell panel comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the device, and enabling four illumination sensors to start working;
s2, four illumination sensors detect four illumination intensity values: first illumination intensity E1, second illumination intensity E2, third illumination intensity E3 and fourth illumination intensity E4;
s3, the central processing unit 21 compares the four numerical values;
s4, detecting whether the comparison result is E1-E2-E3-E4, if so, performing step S5, and otherwise, performing step S6;
s5, the motor does not work, and the sun is generally set when going downhill;
s6, detecting whether the comparison result is E1< E3 or E2< E4, if so, performing a step S7, otherwise, performing a step S8;
s7, the first motor 7 drives the solar panel 1 to incline towards the strong illumination intensity side, so that the solar panel 1 gradually inclines forwards, and then the step S6 is repeated;
s8, detecting whether the comparison structure is E1> E3 or E2> E4, if so, performing a step S9, otherwise, performing a step S10;
s9, the first motor 7 drives the solar panel 1 to incline towards the strong illumination intensity side, so that the solar panel 1 inclines backwards, and then the step S8 is repeated;
s10, detecting whether the contrast structure is E1< E2 or E4< E3, if so, performing a step S11, otherwise, performing a step S12;
s11, the second motor 10 drives the solar panel 1 to incline to the strong illumination intensity side, so that the solar panel 1 inclines to the right side, and then the step S10 is repeated;
s12, detecting whether the comparison structure is E2< E1 or E3< E4, if so, performing the step S13, otherwise, repeating the step S4, and continuing the next round of fine adjustment to enable the solar panel 1 to always face the sun, so that the efficiency is maximized;
and S13, the second motor 10 drives the solar panel 1 to incline to the strong illumination intensity side, so that the solar panel 1 rotates towards the left, and then the step S12 is repeated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a solar cell panel automatic tracking controlling means, includes solar panel (1) and mounting bracket (3), its characterized in that: the solar photovoltaic power generation device is characterized in that the mounting rack (3) is located at the lower end of the solar panel (1), a gear connecting seat (2) is fixedly arranged at the bottom center of the solar panel (1), a lower supporting seat (4) is fixedly arranged at the upper end center of the mounting rack (3), a supporting rod (6) is arranged at the upper end of the lower supporting seat (4), the gear connecting seat (2) is rotatably hinged to the top end of the supporting rod (5), a gear connecting disc (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the supporting rod (5), the gear connecting disc (6) is rotatably hinged to the inner end of the lower supporting seat (4), a first motor (7) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rack (3), an output shaft of the first motor (7) penetrates through the side wall of the lower supporting seat (4) and is fixedly sleeved with a first gear (8), and the first gear (8) is mutually meshed with the gear connecting disc (6), a second motor (10) is fixedly arranged at the front side of the supporting rod (5) close to the upper end, an output shaft of the second motor (10) penetrates through the front wall of the top end of the support rod (5) and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear (11), the second gear (11) is meshed with the gear connecting seat (2), the bottom end of the mounting rack (3) is fixedly provided with a case (12), the inner end of the case (12) is provided with a controller (14) and a storage battery (15), four corners of the upper end surface of the solar panel (1) are respectively provided with a first illumination sensor (16), a second illumination sensor (17), a third illumination sensor (18) and a fourth illumination sensor (19), the first illumination sensor (16) and the second illumination sensor (17) are located on the rear side, and the third illumination sensor (18) and the fourth illumination sensor (19) are located on the front side.
2. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller (14) comprises a signal converter (20), a central processing unit (21), a driving module (22), a first driver (23), a second driver (24) and a charging module (25), wherein the central processing unit (21) is electrically connected with the signal converter (20), the driving module (22) and the charging module (25) respectively, and the driving module (22) is electrically connected with the first driver (23) and the second driver (24) respectively.
3. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the charging module (25) is electrically connected with the solar panel (1) and the storage battery (15) respectively.
4. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the signal converter (20) is respectively and electrically connected with the first illumination sensor (16), the second illumination sensor (17), the third illumination sensor (18) and the fourth illumination sensor (19).
5. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first driver (23) is electrically connected with the first motor (7), and the second driver (24) is electrically connected with the second motor (10).
6. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first motor (7) and the second motor (10) are both stepping motors.
7. The automatic tracking control device of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom mounting of second motor (10) is provided with mounting panel (9), and mounting panel (9) fixed connection is on bracing piece (5) antetheca, the front end of machine case (12) is provided with chamber door (13).
8. An automatic tracking control method of a solar cell panel is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the device, and enabling four illumination sensors to start working;
s2, four illumination sensors detect four illumination intensity values: first illumination intensity E1, second illumination intensity E2, third illumination intensity E3 and fourth illumination intensity E4;
s3, comparing the four numerical values by the central processing unit (21);
s4, detecting whether the comparison result is E1-E2-E3-E4, if so, performing step S5, and otherwise, performing step S6;
s5, the motor does not work;
s6, detecting whether the comparison result is E1< E3 or E2< E4, if so, performing step S7, otherwise, performing step S8;
s7, the first motor (7) drives the solar panel (1) to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S6 is repeated;
s8, detecting whether the comparison structure is E1> E3 or E2> E4, if so, performing step S9, otherwise, performing step S10;
s9, the first motor (7) drives the solar panel (1) to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S8 is repeated;
s10, detecting whether the contrast structure is E1< E2 or E4< E3, if so, performing a step S11, otherwise, performing a step S12;
s11, driving the solar panel (1) to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity by the second motor (10), and then repeating the step S10;
s12, detecting whether the contrast structure is E2< E1 or E3< E4, if so, performing the step S13, otherwise, repeating the step S4;
s13, the second motor (10) drives the solar panel (1) to incline to the side with strong illumination intensity, and then the step S12 is repeated.
CN202110284007.0A 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel Pending CN113157006A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110284007.0A CN113157006A (en) 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110284007.0A CN113157006A (en) 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Automatic tracking control device and method for solar cell panel

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN113157006A true CN113157006A (en) 2021-07-23

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101143616A (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-03-19 潘戈 Solar energy generating water special-purpose platform
CN101225936A (en) * 2008-01-21 2008-07-23 北京格物创道科技发明有限公司 Solar streetlight
CN101227158A (en) * 2008-01-21 2008-07-23 北京格物创道科技发明有限公司 Automatic tracking type solar generator
CN101630930A (en) * 2009-08-11 2010-01-20 常州佳讯光电产业发展有限公司 Automatic solar energy tracking device
CN101833339A (en) * 2010-06-21 2010-09-15 李跃盛 Universal-type solar real-time automatic tracking control system based on microcomputer
CN105094156A (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-11-25 西安文理学院 Cup-type distribution photovoltaic power generation self-tracking system and control method
JP2016208808A (en) * 2015-04-21 2016-12-08 イーラムダネット株式会社 Solar automatic tracking device
CN210666488U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-06-02 新疆工程学院 Solar tracking device with automatic rotating photovoltaic panel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101143616A (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-03-19 潘戈 Solar energy generating water special-purpose platform
CN101225936A (en) * 2008-01-21 2008-07-23 北京格物创道科技发明有限公司 Solar streetlight
CN101227158A (en) * 2008-01-21 2008-07-23 北京格物创道科技发明有限公司 Automatic tracking type solar generator
CN101630930A (en) * 2009-08-11 2010-01-20 常州佳讯光电产业发展有限公司 Automatic solar energy tracking device
CN101833339A (en) * 2010-06-21 2010-09-15 李跃盛 Universal-type solar real-time automatic tracking control system based on microcomputer
JP2016208808A (en) * 2015-04-21 2016-12-08 イーラムダネット株式会社 Solar automatic tracking device
CN105094156A (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-11-25 西安文理学院 Cup-type distribution photovoltaic power generation self-tracking system and control method
CN210666488U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-06-02 新疆工程学院 Solar tracking device with automatic rotating photovoltaic panel

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