CN113149701A - 一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料 - Google Patents
一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PZXOQEXFMJCDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N omethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=O)(OC)OC PZXOQEXFMJCDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/068—Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料，其特征在于，坯体包括如下重量份的原料组成：透锂长石40‑55份、贵州高岭土12～20份、华林土20～30份、废瓷粉5～10份、宜春土6～8份、中厦土6～8份、樟州黑土2～4份、滑石粉2～4份、氧化铝2～4份、石英3～6份、木炭4～5份；上述坯体材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.2%～0.4%之间，真空度在0.09MPa以上，滚压成品泥水份在22.5%～23.5%之间，陈腐备用。由于坯体有一定的空隙空间，坯胎不易挤压，坯体散热较快，不易破裂，耐热度可达到580℃～20℃一次急冷不裂，超过GB/T2580‑2018国家行业标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料。
背景技术
耐热陶瓷，能够承受较大温差的急热急冷而不会破损的传统陶瓷制品。又称低膨胀陶瓷。热稳定性是陶瓷使用时的一个重要质量指标。传统日用陶瓷由于其胎体显微结构中主晶相及玻璃相的热膨胀系数较大，热稳定性差，不能承受较高的使用温度，一般在180～220℃。为提高热稳定性，通过选用热膨胀系数较小的矿物原料，或通过坯料化学组成的选择，使之烧成后合成出或由玻璃中析出热膨胀系数较小的晶相；或通过生产工艺的改善，控制各组成相的数量或颗粒大小以及显微结构中微裂纹的长短及数量等方式，可制备出热稳定性很高的耐热陶瓷。
我国从20世纪70年代开始进行耐热陶瓷的研究与开发。耐热陶瓷主要有锂质瓷、堇青石质瓷、锆石质、微晶玻璃及石英玻璃等，它们一般可承受300～600℃温差的急热急冷而不会破损，主要用于日用炊餐具、微波炉用瓷、化学瓷及部分工业用瓷。
发明人先后申请并获得授权两项发明专利， ZL201110147816.3 主要由透锂长石、华林土、高岭土和废瓷粉为原材料组合烧结而成，耐热瓷煲的热稳定性能可达到在520℃～20℃急冷不裂；ZL201610673982.X的引青红棕釉材料，包括以下重量份的原料组成：透锂长石50—70份，石英10—15份，贵州高岭土5—8份，将乐土4—6份，碳酸钡8—10份，氧化铝2—3份，三氧化二铁1—2份，三氧化二铬1—2份，氧化钴0.5—1份，氧化锌0.5—1份。本发明釉的颜色随着外界光线亮度的变化而随着变化，产品热稳定性能可达550℃～20℃急冷一次不裂，超过GB/T2580—2002国家标准要求。
当然，现有技术为改善陶瓷材料，现有技术也在不断的创新中，如CN201410590303.3，一种抗磨陶瓷材料，由下列重量份的原料制成：高岭土67-73、石英16.5-18.2、白云石8-10、无水三氯化铝2-4、四氯化钛2-4、LiF1-2、MgF21-2、硅粉3-4、镁粉1-1.4、纳米碳2-3、正硅酸乙酯3-4、去离子水适量、乙醇适量、助剂4-6；能够增加陶瓷的表面光滑性、耐磨性和耐热性。 CN201410590448.3 由下列重量份的原料制成：纳米镍粉2-3、氮化硼20-26、硅藻土2-3、氮化硅34-38、聚四氟乙烯1-2、硅微粉40-50、伊利石3-5、莫来石颗粒24-27、超细VC粉体8-11、碳酸钠2-3、去离子水适量、正硅酸乙酯3-4、乙醇适量、助剂4-6；能够增加陶瓷的表面光滑性、耐磨性和耐热性。
其次，CN201510066204.X公开了高岭土50-68份，石英砂8-26份，长石粉10-33份，绢云母5-18份，铬丝3-17份，铝片1-12份，碳粉4-15份，玻璃渣3-14份制得的陶瓷材料可以提高陶瓷材料硬度，冲击韧性和阻尼，从而达到增强韧性的目的。CN201711319501.6 公开了氧化镁1-3份，红色粘土70-90份，活性炭粉15-20份，二氧化锆12-18份，氮化铝8-12份，钛酸钡15-18份，碳纤维13-20份，辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚4-7份，硅烷偶联剂1-3份，聚乙二醇4-8份，稳定剂1-2份，增塑剂2-5份，改性剂1-2份。具有耐腐蚀、耐热变、硬度高、抗冲击强的优点。
然而，从上述现有技术中不难发现，在耐热烹饪陶瓷材料方面，新型耐热陶瓷材料与炭粉配合方面存在盲区，即耐热烹饪陶瓷过分强调透锂长石与高岭土以及氧化物之间的调配平衡关系，以求进一步提高耐热烹饪陶瓷性能。虽然，也有在陶瓷材料中利用碳来提高陶瓷材料性能，但只是在增强材料硬度和耐磨性方面，因此，碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料的开发还需要不断创新创造。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明充分利用木炭具有大量的微孔和过渡孔，极为疏松，有较高的表面积等特性，提供了一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种碳质高耐热陶瓷材料，坯体包括如下重量份的原料组成：
透锂长石40-55份、贵州高岭土12～20份、华林土20～30份、废瓷粉5～10份、宜春土6～8份、中厦土6～8份、樟州黑土2～4份、滑石粉2～4份、氧化铝2～4份、石英3～6份、木炭4～5份；
上述坯体材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.2%～0.4%之间，真空度在0.09MPa以上，滚压成品泥水份在22.5%～23.5%之间，陈腐备用。
进一步，其釉料由如下重量份的原料组成：透锂长石50～70份、石英10～15份、贵州高岭土5～8份、浆乐土2～4份、碳酸钡5～7份、锂长石2～4份、氧化铝1～2份、氧化锌0.5～1份、木炭4～5份；
上述材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.02%～0.03%之间，陈腐备用；施釉采取浸釉法，釉浆比重控制在1.42～1.48之间，釉层厚在0.5～1.0㎜。
进一步，木炭中灰分含量在6%之内，孔隙占木炭体积的7%以上，比重一般为1.2～1.4。
进一步，木炭的热值约27.21—33.49兆焦/千克，含有一些氢、氧、氮以及少量的其他元素。
本发明的技术效果和优点：木炭的主要成份是碳元素，化学式是C。是木材或木质原料经过不完全燃烧或者隔绝空气的条件下热解，所留的深褐色或黑色多孔固体燃料；木炭属于增水性物质，灰分含量在6%之内，孔隙占木炭体积的7%以上，比重一般为1.2～1.4，木炭的灰分很低，热值约27.21—33.49兆焦/千克，含有一些氢、氧、氮以及少量的其他元素。同时，木炭的燃值低，着火点是320～370℃.木炭加入后，降低产品的烧成温度15℃，右节约燃料5%左右。
由于，木炭最大的优点是有大量的微孔和过渡孔，极为疏松，有较高的表面积。木炭加入混合球磨后，精练出来的成品泥占有一定的空间，生产出来的成品坯可以减少5%左右的成本。加入木炭的成品坯烧成成品后，坯体有一定的疏松，有一定的空隙。产品在使用加热升温过程中，由于坯体有一定的空隙空间，坯胎不易挤压，坯体散热较快。产品在使用过程中不易破裂，增加了产品的耐热度30℃以上，耐热度可达到580℃～20℃一次急冷不裂，超过GB/T2580-2018国家行业标准。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例涉及碳质高耐热陶瓷材料的坯体配方为重量份的原料组成：
透锂长石40-55份、贵州高岭土12～20份、华林土20～30份、废瓷粉5～10份、宜春土6～8份、中厦土6～8份、樟州黑土2～4份、滑石粉2～4份、氧化铝2～4份、石英3～6份、木炭4～5份。以上均为有效重量份。
具体为透锂长石50份、贵州高岭土16份、华林土25份、废瓷粉7.5份、宜春土7份、中厦土7份、樟州黑土3份、滑石粉3份、氧化铝3份、石英4.5份、木炭5份。
上述材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.2%～0.4%之间，真空度在0.09MPa以上，滚压成品泥水份在22.5%～23.5%之间，陈腐备用。除铁为除去原料中的杂质铁或铁元素。下同。
本实施例坯料生产工艺流程：精选原矿—按比配料—湿式球磨—脱水—真空练泥—陈腐—二次真练—压坯—脱模—修坯—烘干—洗水—再烘干—上釉—烧炼—选瓷—包装。
实施例2
本实施例涉及碳质高耐热陶瓷材料的釉料配方为重量份的原料组成：
透锂长石50～70份、石英10～15份、贵州高岭土5～8份、浆乐土2～4份、碳酸钡5～7份、锂长石2～4份、氧化铝1～2份、氧化锌0.5～1份、木炭4～5份。以上均为有效重量份。
具体为透锂长石65份、石英12.5份、贵州高岭土6.5份、浆乐土3份、碳酸钡6份、锂长石3份、氧化铝1.5份、氧化锌0.75份、木炭5份。
上述材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.02%～0.03%之间，陈腐备用。
施釉采取浸釉法，釉浆比重控制在1.42～1.48之间，釉层厚在0.5～1.0㎜。
本实施例釉料生产工艺流程：精选原矿—按比配料—湿式球磨—除铁过筛—陈腐备用。
实施例3
本发明烧成工艺流程：
采用轻型装配式全自动裸烧隧道窑烧成技术，利用清洁天然气为燃料，采用高速喷嘴雾化燃烧技术，使窑内的气氛均匀，烧成温度1270℃，窑炉最上层与最下层温度差控制5℃左右，烧成周期13.3个小时，高温区烧成带适当拉长，高温带（1180℃～1270℃）的烧成时间不得低于2个小时，从而增加了产品的高温保温时间，使产品的釉面更加柔和、美观。
产品具体分五个阶段烧成：
| 烧成阶段 | 烧成温度 | 烧成达到效果 |
| 低温阶段 | 常温～300℃ | 排除残余水分 |
| 氧化分解阶段 | 300℃～950℃ | 排除结构水、有机物，碳和无机物氧化，碳酸盐、硫酸盐分解，晶型转变 |
| 中高温阶段 | 950℃～1180℃ | 上述氧化、分解继续，生产液相。 |
| 高温阶段 | 1180℃～1270℃ | 固相溶解，形成新晶相和晶体长大，釉熔融。 |
| 冷却阶段 | 1270℃～室温 | 液相析晶，液相过冷凝固，晶型转变。 |
最后：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料，其特征在于，坯体包括如下重量份的原料组成：
透锂长石40-55份、贵州高岭土12～20份、华林土20～30份、废瓷粉5～10份、宜春土6～8份、中厦土6～8份、樟州黑土2～4份、滑石粉2～4份、氧化铝2～4份、石英3～6份、木炭4～5份；
上述坯体材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.2%～0.4%之间，真空度在0.09MPa以上，滚压成品泥水份在22.5%～23.5%之间，陈腐备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料，其特征在于，其釉料由如下重量份的原料组成：透锂长石50～70份、石英10～15份、贵州高岭土5～8份、浆乐土2～4份、碳酸钡5～7份、锂长石2～4份、氧化铝1～2份、氧化锌0.5～1份、木炭4～5份；
上述材料采用湿式球磨粉碎、除铁、过250目筛，筛余为0.02%～0.03%之间，陈腐备用；施釉采取浸釉法，釉浆比重控制在1.42～1.48之间，釉层厚在0.5～1.0㎜。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料，其特征在于，木炭中灰分含量在6%之内，孔隙占木炭体积的7%以上，比重一般为1.2～1.4。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种碳质高耐热烹饪陶瓷材料，其特征在于，木炭的热值为27.21—33.49兆焦/千克。
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