CN105924131B - 一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物 - Google Patents

一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物 Download PDF

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CN105924131B
CN105924131B CN201610260789.3A CN201610260789A CN105924131B CN 105924131 B CN105924131 B CN 105924131B CN 201610260789 A CN201610260789 A CN 201610260789A CN 105924131 B CN105924131 B CN 105924131B
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林培灿
陈维尧
张向卫
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FUJIAN KEFU MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物，所述组合物包括如下重量份的物质：水洗瓷土40‑60，高岭土5‑10，球土3‑8，钾长石3‑5，锂长石3‑5,白云石10‑15，透辉石8‑15,钴蓝0.01‑0.03，用该组合物制成的泥浆，烧成温度低，烧成时间短，能源消耗少，产品强度高，白度高。

Description

一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷领域，具体涉及工艺陶瓷泥浆的组合配方。
背景技术
工艺陶瓷是一种“既能观赏、还能把玩；既能使用，还能投资、收藏”的艺术品种，以其精巧的装饰美、梦幻的意境美、陶艺的个性美、独特的材质美，形成了特有的陶瓷文化，受到了人们的喜爱。现有的工艺陶瓷泥浆，分为两种：一种是用单一的、塑性高的陶土，另一种是配方泥，一般是由长石、石英、高岭土、瓷土等原料湿法球磨制成；用这两种传统配方制得的的工艺陶瓷泥浆烧结温度高达1300-1350℃，且烧成时间较长，在烧结过程中能源消耗较大；另一方面，烧失率高，产品烧成易变形，烧成的产品强度也较低；此外，烧成的工艺产品白度不够，发暗黄色，影响美观。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物，用该组合物制备的泥浆，可降低烧成温度，减少能源消耗，提高坯体白度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种制备工艺陶瓷泥浆的组合物，所述组合物包括如下重量份的物质：水洗瓷土40-60，高岭土5-10，球土3-8，钾长石3-5，锂长石3-5,白云石10-15，透辉石8-15,钴蓝0.01-0.03。
一种工艺陶瓷泥浆，所述泥浆是由上述组合物制备而成，所述泥浆由以下重量百分数的化学成份组成:SiO2 50-60％，Al2O3 12-18％，Fe2O3 0-0.3％，TiO2 0.02-0.1％，CaO3-9％，MgO 3-8％，K2O 2-4％,Na2O 0.5-1％，Li2O 0.1-0.4％,其余为杂质。
其中，所述水洗瓷土是由白瓷土依序经过风化、破碎、锥打、淘洗、过筛、除铁、陈腐、压滤而成。
下表为部分原料的化学成份组成：
本发明所述技术方案相对于现有技术，取得的有益效果是：
(1)水洗瓷土：白瓷土是介福当地一种白度较好的瓷土，相比于普通瓷土，水洗瓷土是经由白瓷土依序经过风化、破碎、锥打、淘洗、过筛、除铁、陈腐、压滤而成，经处理得到的水洗瓷土相比普通瓷土，物理性质和化学性质比较稳定，且杂质会减少，白度也会提高；此外，水洗瓷土富含伊利石矿物成分，具有出裂时间长，可塑性好，干燥收缩小，干燥抗折强度较高的特性；另一方面，由于组合物中加入大量的水洗瓷土，可大大减少高岭土、球土的加入量，而高岭土和球土的烧失率高，烧成收缩大，因此在组合物中加入水洗瓷土降低了产品在烧成阶段的烧失量和烧成收缩，同时也增加了产品在烧成阶段的稳定性，减少了烧成缺陷的产生；此外该水洗瓷土中含有相当数量的K2O，可降低坯体烧成温度。
(2)钾长石：可减少坯体的干燥收缩和变形，改善干燥性能，缩短干燥时间；钾长石中的K2O在烧成时可作为助熔剂降低烧成温度，促使高岭土熔融，加速莫来石的形成；熔融中生成的长石玻璃体充填于坯体的莫来石晶粒之间，使坯体致密而减少空隙，从而提高其机械强度。
(3)锂长石：锂长石含有K2O、Na2O、Li2O一价助熔剂，可降低坯体烧成温度和热膨胀系数，拓宽坯体熔融温度范围，有利于坯釉结合。
(4)白云石、透辉石：为坯体中引入大量的CaO、MgO二价助熔剂，与上述一价助熔剂混合使用，降低了坯体的熔融温度和粘度，可低温快速烧结，有效地起到节约燃气，降低能耗，另一方面可作为矿化剂以润湿Al2O3、SiO2颗粒，能迅速促进坯体的烧结，起到了强矿化剂的作用，缩短了烧成时间。
(5)高岭土：在陶瓷中的作用是引入Al2O3，有利于莫来石的生成，提高其化学稳定性和烧结强度，在烧成中高岭土分解生成莫来石，形成坯体强度的主要框架，可防止制品的变形，使烧成温度变宽，还能使坯体具有一定的白度；同时，高岭土具有一定的可塑性、粘结性和悬浮性。
(6)球土：具有良好的结合性能，可提高坯体强度，增加坯体加工性能，同时也可为坯体引入Al2O3，有利于莫来石的生成。
(7)钴蓝：可改善坯体黄色度，提高坯体白度。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明所述的一种制备工艺陶瓷泥浆的组合物，所述组合物包括如下重量份的物质：水洗瓷土40-60，高岭土5-10，球土3-8，钾长石3-5，锂长石3-5,白云石10-15，透辉石8-15,钴蓝0.01-0.03。
一种工艺陶瓷泥浆，所述泥浆是由上述组合物制备而成，所述泥浆由以下重量百分数的化学成份组成:SiO2 50-60％，Al2O3 12-18％，Fe2O3 0-0.3％，TiO2 0.02-0.1％，CaO3-9％，MgO 3-8％，K2O 2-4％,Na2O 0.5-1％，Li2O 0.1-0.4％,其余为杂质。
生产工艺如下：
(1)泥浆制备
一种工艺陶瓷泥浆的制备工艺如下：首先将白瓷土依序经过风化、破碎、锥打、淘洗、过筛、除铁、陈腐、压滤而成得到水洗瓷土；按下列重量份原料称取水洗瓷土40-60，高岭土5-10，球土3-8，钾长石3-5，锂长石3-5,白云石10-15，透辉石8-15,钴蓝0.01-0.03,水40-45；然后将称得的原料球磨，要求球磨后泥浆325目筛余小于2％，粒度小于10um的占68-75％，其中，球磨机使用高铝内衬，采用高铝石球磨，减少球磨子和内衬的磨耗对泥浆纯度的影响，同时提高球磨效率；泥浆球磨好后，再放浆，过120目筛、高磁除铁各两次以除去或减少原料中的Fe2O3，陈腐，练泥调整好工艺参数后，可送成型工序生产使用。
所述泥浆调整及检测的性能参数如下：
项目 参数
浓度(g/200mL) 355-360
温度(℃) 29-33
V0(S/100mL) 50-60
V30(S/100mL) 90-105
吸浆速度(mm/45min) 5.6-6.3
屈服值(dyn) 15-20
干燥强度(MPa) 3.8-4.3
干燥收缩(％) 2-3.5
烧成收缩(％) 0.5-1
总收缩(％) 3-4.5
白度(％) 72-78
吸水率(％) 15-18
(2)成型方法
成型工艺采用滚压，也可用注浆和拉坯。
(3)施釉
施釉工艺采用淋釉或灌釉，使用透明釉。
(4)烧成
烧成工艺采用梭式窑烧成，烧成温度控制在1070℃-1080℃，烧成时间7-10小时。
本发明所述的一种制备工艺陶瓷泥浆的组合物，采用钾长石、锂长石、白云石、透辉石四种助熔物混合使用，可低温快速烧结，有效地起到节约燃气，降低能耗的效果；采用水洗瓷土作为主要原料，可提高干燥抗折强度和可塑性、降低烧成收缩和烧结温度；高岭土和球土中的Al2O3，有利于莫来石的生成，提高其化学稳定性和烧结强度，还能使坯体具有一定的白度；钴蓝可改善坯体黄色度，提高坯体白度。
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种工艺陶瓷泥浆及制备该泥浆的组合物，其特征在于:所述组合物包括如下重量份的物质：水洗瓷土40-60，高岭土5-10，球土3-8，钾长石3-5，锂长石3-5,白云石10-15，透辉石8-15,钴蓝0.01-0.03；所述泥浆由以下重量百分数的化学成份组成:SiO2 50-60％，Al2O3 12-18％，Fe2O3 0-0.3％，TiO2 0.02-0.1％，CaO 3-9％，MgO 3-8％，K2O 2-4％,Na2O0.5-1％，Li2O 0.1-0.4％,其余为杂质。
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