CN113149601A - 一种抗菌瓷砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗菌瓷砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及瓷砖技术领域，具体涉及到一种抗菌瓷砖及其制备方法。本申请的抗菌瓷砖，通过在釉料中添加银离子粉，接着往坯体中淋银离子面釉，形成砖面保护层，最后进行干燥和焙烧，从而获得抗菌瓷砖，通过该方法既能保证瓷砖的抗菌效果，又能保证釉浆的性能，能有效起到杀灭大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的作用，其中对大肠埃希氏菌的杀菌率达到90.45％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到90.89％，真正地为人们的健康保驾护航。本发明制备方法一部成型，简单方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及瓷砖技术领域，具体涉及到一种抗菌瓷砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
瓷砖是一种利用耐火的金属氧化物及半金属氧化物，经过研磨、混合、压制、施釉、焙烧等多道工序制备而成的一种实用性的装饰建材。受新冠病毒肺炎疫情的影响，人们越发重视室内装修材料的健康指标，尤其普通瓷砖非常容易吸附病毒，滋生细菌，严重威胁人类的身体健康。而且，目前室内空气污染越来越严重，特别是目前各种装修、装饰材料中大多含有甲醛，是很多疾病的诱导因素。为了满足家居健康需求，抗菌瓷砖应运而生。它能有效杀灭大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌，对人们的家居健康保驾护航，因此，开发可防疫抗菌净化空气的瓷砖成为瓷砖领域的研究重点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提供一种抗菌瓷砖及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种抗菌瓷砖，包括坯料和釉料，所述坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.0-1.5％，滤泥4-8％，长石30-35％，莱阳土7-9％，临沂石1-4％，熟焦8-12，混合土10-15％，65泥：16-20％，钾长石2-4％，生焦4-6％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石9-11％，钾长石25-35％，钠10-30％，煅烧土5-15％，煅烧铝4-6％，煅烧滑石4-6％，熔块6-10％，高岭土10-15％，三聚水0.8-2％，抗菌剂0.5-1.5％。
进一步的，坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.4％，滤泥6％，长石33.5％，莱阳土8％，临沂石2.7％，熟焦9.8％，混合土12.5％，65泥18.5％，钾长石3％，生焦5％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石10％，钾长石30％，钠20％，煅烧土10％，煅烧铝5％，煅烧滑石5％，熔块8％，高岭土12％，抗菌剂1％。
进一步的，抗菌剂包括银离子粉。
一种抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，制备上述的抗菌瓷砖，其方法如下：
(1)制备加色坯体：坯体配方按配方单装磨，经60T大型球磨机研磨14-16小时，泥浆细度过250目达到0.2-0.3％后，放入浆池陈腐；泥浆经喷雾干燥塔按颗粒级配及料粉水分要求进行干燥，制得料粉，并放入料仓备用；料粉经过着色滚筒，与混色器内的色料按配比制备成所需的着色料粉，并通过料车布料形成花纹送压机备用；
(2)制备釉料：按配比添加釉料原料，再按照比例加入银离子纳米材料，经5T球磨研磨至细度0.3-0.5％，放入釉仓备用；
(3)釉线生产：淋步骤(2)中银离子面釉，形成砖面保护层；接着经3D喷墨机将墨水喷到砖面，形成精美、质感逼真的图案；最后钟罩淋透明釉；
(4)干燥、焙烧：将步骤(3)中淋完透明釉的瓷砖进行干燥和焙烧，获得抗菌瓷砖。
进一步的，步骤(1)中放入浆池陈腐的泥浆水分38-40％，比重1.5-1.8，目数为60目。
进一步的，步骤(2)中放入釉仓的釉料比重1.80-1.85，流速60-100秒，目数为100目。
进一步的，步骤S3中淋银离子面釉的比重1.80-1.83，施釉量400-410克。
进一步的，步骤S4中焙烧过程中吸水率控制在0.3％-0.5％，平整度控制在上翘不超过40丝，下弯不超过50丝，抗折强度≥35MPA。
进一步的，方法还包括：抛光及防污处理：将抗菌瓷砖的纤维模块、研磨刷、弹性模块进行抛光处理，获得光泽度为90-100度的抗菌瓷砖；并利用纳米液进行防污处理，使污垢难以渗入至抗菌瓷砖中。
本发明的有益效果：由上述对本发明的描述可知，与现有技术相比，本发明的抗菌瓷砖，通过在釉料中添加银离子粉，接着往坯体中淋银离子面釉，形成砖面保护层，最后进行干燥和焙烧，从而获得抗菌瓷砖，通过该方法既能保证瓷砖的抗菌效果，又能保证釉浆的性能，能有效起到杀灭大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的作用，其中对大肠埃希氏菌的杀菌率达到90.45％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到90.89％，真正地为人们的健康保驾护航。本发明制备方法一部成型，简单方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明优选实施例中抗菌瓷砖的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1所示，本发明的优选实施例，一种抗菌瓷砖，包括坯料和釉料，所述坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.0-1.5％，滤泥4-8％，长石30-35％，莱阳土7-9％，临沂石1-4％，熟焦8-12，混合土10-15％，65泥：16-20％，钾长石2-4％，生焦4-6％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石9-11％，钾长石25-35％，钠10-30％，煅烧土5-15％，煅烧铝4-6％，煅烧滑石4-6％，熔块6-10％，高岭土10-15％，三聚水0.8-2％，抗菌剂0.5-1.5％。
优选地，坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.4％，滤泥6％，长石33.5％，莱阳土8％，临沂石2.7％，熟焦9.8％，混合土12.5％，65泥18.5％，钾长石3％，生焦5％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石10％，钾长石30％，钠20％，煅烧土10％，煅烧铝5％，煅烧滑石5％，熔块8％，高岭土12％，抗菌剂1％，抗菌剂包括银离子粉。
一种抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，制备上述的抗菌瓷砖，其方法如下：
(1)制备加色坯体：坯体配方按配方单装磨，经60T大型球磨机研磨14-16小时，泥浆细度过250目达到0.2-0.3％后，泥浆水分38-40％，比重1.5-1.8，过60目筛放入浆池陈腐；泥浆经喷雾干燥塔按颗粒级配及料粉水分要求进行干燥，制得料粉，并放入料仓备用；料粉经过着色滚筒，与混色器内的色料按配比制备成所需的着色料粉，并通过料车布料形成花纹送压机备用；
(2)制备釉料：按配比添加釉料原料，再按照比例加入银离子纳米材料，经5T球磨研磨至细度0.3-0.5％，比重1.80-1.85，流速60-100秒，过100目筛，放入釉仓备用；
本实施例中，抗菌银离子加入釉料是一次全新的尝试。银离子粉加入釉料中，加入过多对釉浆性能会有影响。因此，需通过实验确定一个合适的加入量，既能起到抗菌效果，又不影响釉浆性能。具体地为：用小球磨坛进行小试，包括
1)加入0.5％银离子，流速66秒，比重1.82，釉浆性能正常；
2)加入1％银离子，流速75秒，比重1.835，釉浆性能略有影响，不影响使用；
3)加入1.5％银离子，釉浆发肽，流速不好测定；
因此，在保证釉浆性能的情况下，尽可能选择多的加入量，可按1％加入量进行装磨实验；同时为了更好的确保釉浆性能，使用时再外加0.8-2％的三聚水，提高其流动性；
(3)釉线生产：淋步骤(2)中银离子面釉，其中淋银离子面釉的比重1.80-1.83，施釉量400-410克，形成砖面保护层；接着经3D喷墨机将墨水喷到砖面，形成精美、质感逼真的图案；最后钟罩淋透明釉；
(4)干燥、焙烧：将步骤(3)中淋完透明釉的瓷砖进行干燥和焙烧，获得抗菌瓷砖，其中严格控制焙烧曲线，使产品吸水率控制在0.3％-0.5％，平整度控制在上翘不超过40丝，下弯不超过50丝，抗折强度大于等于35MPA，达到全瓷的效果；
(5)磨边、抛光及防污处理：将抗菌瓷砖的纤维模块、研磨刷、弹性模块进行抛光处理，获得光泽度为90-100度的抗菌瓷砖；并利用纳米液进行防污处理，使污垢难以渗入至抗菌瓷砖中。
(6)分拣选、包装入库。
实施例二
银离子抗菌粉检测报告
二氧化硅：12.86；三氧化铝：2.03；三氧化铁：0.05；氧化钙：4.56；氧化镁：0.01；
氧化钾：0.05；氧化钠：0.19；二氧化钛：0.08；五氧化二磷：0.08；氧化锌：76.42；
氧化铅：0.04；氧化锆：1.49；氧化钡：0.14；氧化锶：0.01；氧化钴：0.14；氧化银：1.85。
抗菌瓷砖的抗菌性能检测
其检测结果见下表：
| 检测项目 | 检测结果 | 标准要求 | 结论 |
| 大肠埃希氏菌 | 90.45 | 90 | 符合 |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 90.89 | 90 | 符合 |
根据上述抗菌性能检测结果，该抗菌瓷砖符合抗菌功能效果，可以按1％银离子粉加入量进行批量生产。
本发明的抗菌瓷砖，通过在釉料中添加银离子粉，接着往坯体中淋银离子面釉，形成砖面保护层，最后进行干燥和焙烧，从而获得抗菌瓷砖，通过该方法既能保证瓷砖的抗菌效果，又能保证釉浆的性能，能有效起到杀灭大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的作用，其中对大肠埃希氏菌的杀菌率达到90.45％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到90.89％，真正地为人们的健康保驾护航。本发明制备方法一部成型，简单方便。
在不出现冲突的前提下，本领域技术人员可以将上述附加技术特征自由组合以及叠加使用。
可以理解，本发明是通过一些实施例进行描述的，本领域技术人员知悉的，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以对这些特征和实施例进行各种改变或等效替换。另外，在本发明的教导下，可以对这些特征和实施例进行修改以适应具体的情况及材料而不会脱离本发明的精神和范围。因此，本发明不受此处所公开的具体实施例的限制，所有落入本申请的权利要求范围内的实施例都属于本发明所保护的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗菌瓷砖，其特征在于：包括坯料和釉料，所述坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.0-1.5％，滤泥4-8％，长石30-35％，莱阳土7-9％，临沂石1-4％，熟焦8-12，混合土10-15％，65泥：16-20％，钾长石2-4％，生焦4-6％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石9-11％，钾长石25-35％，钠10-30％，煅烧土5-15％，煅烧铝4-6％，煅烧滑石4-6％，熔块6-10％，高岭土10-15％，三聚水0.8-2％，抗菌剂0.5-1.5％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌瓷砖，其特征在于：所述坯料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：滑石1.4％，滤泥6％，长石33.5％，莱阳土8％，临沂石2.7％，熟焦9.8％，混合土12.5％，65泥18.5％，钾长石3％，生焦5％；所述釉料由下列重量百分比的原料组成：霞石10％，钾长石30％，钠20％，煅烧土10％，煅烧铝5％，煅烧滑石5％，熔块8％，高岭土12％，抗菌剂1％。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的抗菌瓷砖，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂包括银离子粉。
4.一种抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：制备权利要求1-3任一所述的抗菌瓷砖，其方法如下：
(1)制备加色坯体：坯体配方按配方单装磨，经60T大型球磨机研磨14-16小时，泥浆细度过250目达到0.2-0.3％后，放入浆池陈腐；泥浆经喷雾干燥塔按颗粒级配及料粉水分要求进行干燥，制得料粉，并放入料仓备用；料粉经过着色滚筒，与混色器内的色料按配比制备成所需的着色料粉，并通过料车布料形成花纹送压机备用；
(2)制备釉料：按配比添加釉料原料，再按照比例加入银离子纳米材料，经5T球磨研磨至细度0.3-0.5％，放入釉仓备用；
(3)釉线生产：淋步骤(2)中银离子面釉，形成砖面保护层；接着经3D喷墨机将墨水喷到砖面，形成精美、质感逼真的图案；最后钟罩淋透明釉；
(4)干燥、焙烧：将步骤(3)中淋完透明釉的瓷砖进行干燥和焙烧，获得抗菌瓷砖。
5.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中放入浆池陈腐的泥浆水分38-40％，比重1.5-1.8，目数为60目。
6.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中放入釉仓的釉料比重1.80-1.85，流速60-100秒，目数为100目。
7.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中淋银离子面釉的比重1.80-1.83，施釉量400-410克。
8.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S4中焙烧过程中吸水率控制在0.3％-0.5％，平整度控制在上翘不超过40丝，下弯不超过50丝，抗折强度≥35MPA。
9.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于：所述方法还包括：抛光及防污处理：将抗菌瓷砖的纤维模块、研磨刷、弹性模块进行抛光处理，获得光泽度为90-100度的抗菌瓷砖；并利用纳米液进行防污处理，使污垢难以渗入至抗菌瓷砖中。
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