CN113133507A - Compound animal protection product for preventing and treating black gill disease of crucian carp and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents

Compound animal protection product for preventing and treating black gill disease of crucian carp and preparation and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113133507A
CN113133507A CN202010061954.9A CN202010061954A CN113133507A CN 113133507 A CN113133507 A CN 113133507A CN 202010061954 A CN202010061954 A CN 202010061954A CN 113133507 A CN113133507 A CN 113133507A
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parts
product
animal
composite
yeast
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龚发源
熊涛
李知洪
吴朝晖
胡俊鹏
戴晋军
蔡大亮
谢智文
易建华
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Angel Yeast Co Ltd
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Angel Yeast Co Ltd
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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    • A61K36/195—Strobilanthes
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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    • A61K36/35—Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family)
    • A61K36/355—Lonicera (honeysuckle)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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    • A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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Abstract

The invention provides a compound animal-protective product for preventing and treating gill disease of crucian carp and preparation and application thereof. The composite dynamic-protection product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-35 parts of yeast essence, 15-40 parts of honeysuckle, 5-15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 5-15 parts of isatis root and 20-50 parts of radix stemonae. The composite animal-protective product provided by the invention can quickly inhibit pathogenic bacteria related to the gill disease of the Carassius auratus, simultaneously improve the organism immunity of the Carassius auratus, and efficiently prevent and treat the gill disease of the Carassius auratus.

Description

Compound animal protection product for preventing and treating black gill disease of crucian carp and preparation and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a composite animal-protecting product.
Background
In recent years, due to the fact that high-density crucian culture is increasingly popularized, the red gill disease of crucian in China is on the rise. The early stage of the red gill disease of the crucian carp has no obvious symptoms, diseased fish in the middle and later stages often flee under the water surface at the side of the pool, particularly the diseased fish at the leeward side, the head and the back of the diseased fish can be seen to be blackened by naked eyes, the disease fish is commonly called as 'blackhead', the gill part is edematous, the bleeding is bright red, and the normal gill part of the crucian carp generally appears dark red. The diseased fish is dissected, the most obvious symptom is liver spot bleeding, the liver spot bleeding is mottled or white in severe cases, the diseased fish is sometimes accompanied by symptoms of gall bladder swelling and blackening and is accompanied by faint yellow ascites (the diseased fish is in a jelly shape after being contacted with air), and the diseased fish floats and fails on the water surface and the periphery of a pond, particularly in a wind sheltering position in the later period of onset. After the dead fish, most of the diseased fish have intact body surfaces, and few of the diseased fish have phenomena of fin ray base and body surface bleeding, and the tail fin and the tips of the fin rays are whitish. The diseased crucian is called as the gill disease of the red crucian because the diseased crucian is edema and bright red. The occurrence peak period of the gill disease is generally 5-7 months, the disease is easy to occur when the water temperature is 20-26 ℃, and crucian with the weight of less than 250 g is mainly damaged. The disease is rapid in onset, rapid in infection and high in fatality rate, and has great harm to crucian culture, thereby causing huge economic loss.
The pathological analysis of the crucian blush disease shows that the crucian blush disease is mainly caused by infecting pathogenic bacteria such as aeromonas hydrophila, aeromonas hydrophila and the like. The red gill disease of the crucian carp is directly treated by antibiotics in the early years, but because the antibiotics are not standardized and unreasonably used for a long time, and because the problem of pathogenic bacteria tolerance caused by the enrichment of the antibiotics in an environmental water body is continuously worsened, the treatment effect is worse and worse, large-area outbreak events of the red gill disease of the crucian carp occur frequently, and great threat is brought to the long-term development of the aquaculture industry in China.
Therefore, the main focus of the current prevention and treatment of the red gill disease of the crucian is the comprehensive improvement of three aspects of water body environment, pathogenic bacteria and animals, namely, the stress of adverse environmental factors on cultured fishes is firstly reduced, and the gill respiratory function is damaged due to the red gill disease of the crucian, so that sufficient dissolved oxygen in a pond is ensured in the treatment process, and the stress reaction of the fishes caused by too low dissolved oxygen in the water body is reduced; and secondly, the povidone iodine, methionine iodine and other mild disinfectants are used for external use and are matched with various antibiotic animal protection medicines to treat and inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and meanwhile, immunopotentiators such as Chinese herbal medicines for repairing physique and immunity and the like are used for improving the resistance of the animals for adjuvant therapy.
Chinese patent CN 201510538567.9 discloses a Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation for treating gill disease of crucian carp. The Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation comprises radix Isatidis, radix et rhizoma Rhei, cortex Phellodendri, Scutellariae radix, radix Sangusorbae, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Paeoniae Rubra, rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, radix rehmanniae, rhizoma paridis, and folium Callicarpae Formosanae. Chinese patent CN 201510887669.1 discloses a Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and treating cultured crucian hemorrhage and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation comprises rhubarb, astragalus, angelica, stemona root, lycoris radiata, blackberry lily, sapanwood, isatis root, liquorice, dyers woad leaf and common andrographis herb.
Because of the problem of antibiotic residues such as chloramphenicol, malachite green, nitrofuran and the like which appear in aquatic products in sequence, antibiotics are forbidden gradually in aquatic feeds and are only used as on-site medicines, and the medicine withdrawal period needs to be strictly executed, so that the risks of drug resistance, residue and the like still exist; the single Chinese herbal medicine preparation mainly has the effect of enhancing immunity, has no obvious bacteriostatic action and has great difficulty in controlling acute and large-area diseases.
Therefore, a novel compound animal and health product with antibacterial and immunity enhancing effects for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian is in urgent need of development.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a composite dynamic-protection product.
The composite animal-protective product provided by the invention can quickly inhibit pathogenic bacteria related to the gill disease of the Carassius auratus, improve the organism immunity of the Carassius auratus, and prevent and treat the gill disease of the Carassius auratus.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a compound animal-protective product for preventing and treating gill disease of crucian carp, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-35 parts of yeast essence, 15-40 parts of honeysuckle, 5-15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 5-15 parts of isatis root and 20-50 parts of radix stemonae.
Preferably, the composite dynamic-protection product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-35 parts of yeast essence, 17-40 parts of honeysuckle, 5-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 7-15 parts of isatis root and 25-45 parts of radix stemonae.
Preferably, the composite dynamic-protection product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of yeast essence, 20-30 parts of honeysuckle, 5-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 7-10 parts of isatis root and 30-40 parts of radix stemonae.
Preferably, the yeast essence is a product obtained by performing autolysis wall breaking and separation on yeast cells, performing enzymolysis on the yeast cells by using complex enzyme and drying the yeast cells.
Preferably, the autolytic wall breaking is performed on the yeast cells under the conditions of salt concentration of 1.0-6.0%, pH value of 4.0-7.0 and temperature of 45-75 ℃.
Preferably, the autolytic wall breaking is performed by reacting yeast cells for 15-30 hours at a salt concentration of 1.5-5.0%, a pH value of 4.0-6.5 and a temperature of 50-75 ℃.
Preferably, the salt is a sodium salt, for example, sodium chloride.
Preferably, the compound enzyme enzymolysis is enzymolysis by more than two enzymes of alkaline protease, mannanase, beta-glucanase and cellulase.
Preferably, the addition amounts of the alkaline protease, the mannase, the beta-glucanase and the cellulase are respectively 1.0-6.0 per mill, 1.0-5.0 per mill, 0.1-1.0 per mill and 0.1-1.0 per mill of the addition amount of the yeast essence dry matter in percentage by mass.
Preferably, the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2), and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2) is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: M2016418.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the composite animal-protective product, which comprises the steps of crushing honeysuckle, astragalus, isatis root and stemona root, sieving, uniformly mixing, and then fully mixing with yeast essence according to a proportion to obtain the composite animal-protective product special for preventing and treating the red gill disease of crucian.
Preferably, the honeysuckle, the astragalus, the isatis root and the stemona root are crushed and sieved by a sieve of 40-100 meshes, preferably 80 meshes.
In a third aspect, the invention provides application of the composite animal and food protection product in prevention and treatment of the gill disease of the Carassius auratus gibelio.
Preferably, the crucian carp is fed with the compound animal and food product obtained by mixing the compound animal and food product with basic daily ration, and preferably, the mass percentage of the compound animal and food product in the crucian carp product is 0.1% -0.5%.
The compound animal-protective product provided by the invention can improve the organism immunity of the crucian, efficiently prevent and treat the gill disease of the crucian and quickly inhibit pathogenic bacteria related to the gill disease of the crucian. The composite animal and food products provided by the invention do not contain antibiotics and other antibacterial drugs, accord with the speculation of disease control for developing pollution-free aquaculture and producing green aquatic products, and have important industrial value.
Information on strain preservation
The strain used in the invention, namely Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2), is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) in 2016, 8, 1 and with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: m2016418, deposit address: in the Wuhan university school of eight-channel 299 # in Wuhan district, Wuhan City, Hubei province, the postal code is as follows: 430072; telephone: (027) -68754052.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. All publications and patents specifically mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes including describing and disclosing the chemicals, instruments, statistical analyses and methods reported in the publications that might be relevant to the invention. All references cited in this specification are to be considered as indicative of the level of skill in the art. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples in order to provide those skilled in the art with a better understanding of the invention.
The animal protection product refers to a special commodity for preventing and treating and diagnosing diseases of artificially cultured animals such as livestock, poultry, fish, bees and the like, mainly comprises veterinary drug products, veterinary biological products (vaccines and the like), microecologics for livestock and poultry, anti-stress feed additives, antibiotic feed additives and the like, and is different from animal feed.
The animal-keeping product in the application refers in particular to a product which is used by mixing in feed or mixing with other animal-keeping products such as feed additives and the like when the occurrence of the gills of the Carassius auratus or the occurrence of the gills of the Carassius auratus is prevented.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention. It should be noted that the reagent or the apparatus of the present invention can be obtained by commercially available methods without specific mention.
Specific sources of reagents used in the present invention are listed in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 reagents used according to the invention manufacturer experiments used according to the invention
Figure BDA0002374783830000041
Figure BDA0002374783830000051
The specific sources of equipment are listed in table 2 below.
Table 2 experimental facility information to which the present invention relates
Experimental equipment Model number Manufacturer of the product
Centrifugal machine 3-15 Sigma Germany
Vortex mixer RE-3000A Xian an Tai Instrument science and technology Co., Ltd
Electric stove FT-104B Dongguan Nissangjie precision instruments Co., Ltd
Water bath pot HWS-12 Shanghai-Heng instruments science and technology Limited
Super clean bench ZHJH-C1115B Shanghai Zhicheng Analyzer Co., Ltd
Spectrophotometer UV-2000 Unico (Shanghai) instruments Ltd
High-speed pulverizer DFY-600C Wenling City forest major machinery Co., Ltd
Standard test sieve 40 to 100 mesh East-west lake science and universe laboratory equipment business
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of Yeast essence
(1) The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2) is adopted, and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2) is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) at 2016, 8 and 1, with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: M2016418. Observing by an optical microscope, the cell diameter of the saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is about 4-6 mu m, the saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is in an ellipsoid shape and is propagated asexually in a budding mode; after being cultured on a solid medium plate at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, the medium is milk white, opaque and round colony.
The strain slant is inoculated into a shake flask liquid culture medium of 100mL by the inoculum size of 2 rings, and is placed for shake culture at the set rotating speed of 250r/min and the temperature of 30 ℃ for 18 h. Wherein the 100mL liquid shake flask culture medium has the formula: 100mL of water, 2g of peptone, 1g of yeast extract powder and 2g of glucose, and the pH value is adjusted to 5.1.
Inoculating the strain subjected to shake flask activation culture into a 50L fermentation tank, setting the rotation speed at 400r/min, the fermentation temperature at 30 ℃ and the fermentation time at 16h to obtain the primary yeast raw material. Wherein, the formula of the fermentation medium is as follows: 10L of molasses with total sugar concentration of 30% (diluted by water, and the concentration of total sugar is 30% determined by referring to light industry standard QBT2684-2005 of the people's republic of China); (NH)4)2SO4，500g；NH4H2PO4，80g，MgSO4，56g；ZnSO4，28g；H2O, 20L, pH 4.0.
(2) Carrying out autolysis treatment on the yeast milk obtained in the step (1), carrying out autolysis for 25 hours under the conditions of sodium chloride concentration of 2.5%, pH value of 5.5 and temperature of 70 ℃, and centrifuging at 5000rpm to remove supernatant, namely content in yeast cells to obtain precipitate;
(3) preparing the precipitate in the step (2) into a dry matter with the concentration of 12% by using water, adding 3 per mill of alkaline protease into the dry matter according to the cell wall, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, controlling the pH value to 7.5, and performing enzymolysis for 6 hours; after the end of the enzymolysis, 2.5 per mill of mannase is added according to the dry matter weight, the temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, the PH is controlled to be 5.0, and the enzymolysis is carried out for 10 hours; after the enzymatic hydrolysis is finished, 0.2 per mill of beta-glucanase is added according to the mass of the dry matter, the temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, the PH is controlled to 4.5, and the enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out for 5 hours; after the end of the drying, 0.2 per mill of cellulase is added according to the mass of the dry matter, the temperature is controlled to be 65 ℃, the PH is controlled to be 4.5, and the enzyme lasts for 6 hours;
(4) and (4) heating the enzymolysis product in the step (3) to 90 ℃, inactivating the enzyme for 1h, and drying after the inactivation is finished to obtain a yeast essence product A.
Example 2A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) 30kg of honeysuckle, 7kg of astragalus membranaceus, 8kg of isatis root and 30kg of radix stemonae are weighed. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 25kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 1 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 3A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 35kg of honeysuckle, 5kg of astragalus, 5kg of isatis root and 20kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 35kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 2 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 4A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 15kg of honeysuckle, 15kg of astragalus, 10kg of isatis root and 50kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 10kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 3 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 5A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 40kg of honeysuckle, 15kg of astragalus, 15kg of isatis root and 20kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 10kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 4 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 6A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 19kg of honeysuckle, 6kg of astragalus, 15kg of isatis root and 25kg of stemona root. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 35kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 5 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 7A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 40kg of honeysuckle, 5kg of astragalus, 7kg of isatis root and 36kg of stemona root. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 12kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 6 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 8A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 17kg of honeysuckle, 7kg of astragalus, 15kg of isatis root and 45kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 16kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 7 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 9A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 30kg of honeysuckle, 5kg of astragalus, 10kg of isatis root and 40kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 15kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 8 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 10A composite motion preserving product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 20kg of honeysuckle, 7kg of astragalus, 7kg of isatis root and 36kg of stemona root. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) 30kg of yeast essence A is weighed and then fully and uniformly mixed with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion, and 100kg of special composite animal-protective product 9 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 1 a composite motion-protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) 100kg of yeast essence A is weighed to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 10 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 2 composite dynamic protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
weighing 30kg of honeysuckle, 10kg of astragalus, 10kg of isatis root and 50kg of radix stemonae. The Chinese herbal medicine components are firstly crushed, sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes and mixed evenly to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 11 for preventing and treating the red gill disease of the crucian.
Comparative example 3 composite dynamic protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 10kg of honeysuckle, 20kg of astragalus, 20kg of isatis root and 10kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 40kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 12 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 4 a composite motion-protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 10kg of honeysuckle, 20kg of astragalus, 20kg of isatis root and 10kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 40kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special composite animal-protective product 13 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 5 a composite motion-protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 10kg of honeysuckle, 20kg of astragalus, 20kg of isatis root and 10kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 40kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 14 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 6A composite motion-protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 10kg of honeysuckle, 20kg of astragalus, 20kg of isatis root and 10kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 40kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 15 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Comparative example 7 composite dynamic protective product
A composite dynamic protection product is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing 10kg of honeysuckle, 20kg of astragalus, 20kg of isatis root and 10kg of radix stemonae. Pulverizing the Chinese herbal materials, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, and mixing to obtain compound powder;
(2) weighing 40kg of yeast essence A, and then fully and uniformly mixing the yeast essence A with the Chinese herbal medicine compound powder according to a proportion to obtain 100kg of the special compound animal-protective product 16 for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp.
Example 11 Effect of groups of Compound animal protection products on the immune level of Carassius auratus
The test fish is carassius auratus gibelio, which is carried out by an animal nutrition research institute laboratory of Angel Yeast GmbH, 100 +/-2.18 g of 2400 tails of healthy carassius auratus gibelio is selected to be divided into 16 groups, each experimental group is provided with 3 repetitions, and each 50 tails are repeated, and each experimental group respectively adds 0.2% of the composite animal protection products 1-16 provided in the examples 2-10 and the comparative examples 1-7 in percentage by mass into the total ingredients of the basic daily ration and the composite animal protection products. Feeding 3-4 times every day at the beginning of a feeding test, wherein the feeding amount is 1.5% of the weight of the fish body of each test group, and the test period is 4 weeks.
After the experiment is finished, 10 carassius auratus gibelio are randomly selected for each repetition, 30 carassius auratus gibelio are taken for each group, serum is collected to measure serum immune indexes, and the serum immune indexes comprise lysozyme activity and leukocyte phagocytosis activity.
The method for measuring the lysozyme activity comprises the following steps: micrococcus lyticus (Micrococcus lysoleickicus) was prepared as a bacterial suspension at 0.2mg/mL using 0.067mol/L phosphate buffered saline PBS (pH 6.4). Taking 3.0mL of bacterial suspension from each sample, sucking 0.04mL of serum, adding into the bacterial suspension, mixing, and measuring absorbance A at 540nm wavelength0Then in a water bath at 28 deg.CTaking out the mixture, placing the mixture in an ice bath at 4 ℃ to terminate the reaction, and measuring the absorbance value A again. Calculating serum lysozyme activity:
lysozyme activity (U/mL) ═ A0-A)/A。
The method for measuring the phagocytic activity of the white blood cells comprises the following steps: staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 is taken, reference is made to [ Chenchangfu, etc. ], immune polysaccharide (yeast cell wall) has an adjusting effect on immune response of the immune carassius auratus gibelio, freshwater fishery, 2004(04):55-57] is used for preparing staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 phagocytosis, the phagocytosis activity of the carassius auratus gibelio white cells is measured, 100 mu L of anticoagulated blood is taken, 100 mu L of staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 bacterial liquid inactivated by formalin is added, shaking is carried out evenly, incubation is carried out for 45min at 25 ℃, and shaking is carried out for 1 time every 10min during the incubation period. The blood cell smear was aspirated with a pipette, fixed with methanol for 10min, stained with Giemsa for 1h, washed with water and dried, and then examined under a microscope. Phagocytic cell viability is expressed in Percent Phagocytosis (PP) and Phagocytic Index (PI):
percent phagocytosis (PP,%) is (number of cells involved in phagocytosis per 100 of 100 phagocytes) × 100;
phagocytosis index (PI,%) x 100% (total number of staphylococcus aureus in phagocytes/number of phagocytes involved in phagocytosis).
The experimental results of the effect of the compound animal protection product on the serum immune index of carassius auratus gibelio are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of the Compound animal protection product on the serum immune index of Carassius auratus gibelio
Figure BDA0002374783830000101
Figure BDA0002374783830000111
Note: the data in the same column with different lower case letters represent significant difference (P <0.05)
As shown in table 3, the lysozyme activity of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal and food products 1 to 9 was higher than that of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal and food products 10 to 16. Particularly, the lysozyme activity of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal-protective product 1 reaches 15.79U/ml, and the lysozyme activity of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal-protective product 1 is obviously different from that of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal-protective product 10-16 (P is less than 0.05).
The phagocytic activity of the white blood cells of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal-protective products 1-9 is higher than that of the white blood cells of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal-protective products 10-16. Particularly, the PP value of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal and food products 1 reaches 47.39%, the PI value reaches 5.94%, and the PP value and the PI value of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal and food products 1 are remarkably different from those of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the feed containing the compound animal and food products 10-16 (P is less than 0.05).
The data show that the compound animal protection product provided by the invention can improve the serum immune level of carassius auratus gibelio.
Example 8 prevention and treatment effects of various groups of composite animal and health products on Carassius auratus gibelio disease
The test fish is carassius auratus gibelio, which is carried out by an animal nutrition research institute laboratory of Angel Yeast GmbH, and 1600 tails of healthy carassius auratus gibelio of 100 +/-3.07 g are divided into 16 groups, and each group adds 0.2% of composite animal-protective products 1-16 by mass percent into the total ingredients of basic ration and the composite animal-protective products. Feeding 3-4 times every day at the beginning of a feeding test, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is 1.5% of the weight of the fish body of each test group, and the test period is 4 weeks.
And (3) inoculating aeromonas hydrophila DLNG101 into a TSB culture medium, and culturing for 18h at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain the challenge bacterium liquid.
Randomly selecting 20 crucian carps from each group of carassius auratus gibelio fed for 4 weeks to carry out toxicity counteracting experiments. And (3) taking the prepared toxin-attacking bacterial liquid, injecting the toxin-attacking bacterial liquid from the base part of the pectoral fin by using an injector, injecting 0.3mL of the toxin-attacking bacterial liquid into each crucian, continuously feeding for 14 days, recording the death condition of the crucian, counting the death rate of each group, and calculating the protection rate according to the following formula.
Mortality = (dead fish mantissa/offensive fish mantissa) × 100;
percent protection ═ 1-experimental/control mortality x 100.
The mortality rate and the immune protection rate of each group of carassius auratus gibelio after being attacked by poison are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of different composite animal and protective products on mortality and protection rate of carassius auratus gibelio after challenge
Figure BDA0002374783830000121
Figure BDA0002374783830000131
As shown in table 4, the mortality rate of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the compound animal and food products 1-9 provided by the present invention is significantly lower than that of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the compound animal and food products 10-16. The death rate of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the compound animal and health products 1 is 5 percent at the lowest in 14 days after the toxin is attacked, and the death rate of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the compound animal and health products 11 is 60 percent at the highest in 14 days after the toxin is attacked. Compared with the compound dynamic protective product 11, the protection rate of the compound dynamic protective products 1 and 9 on the carassius auratus gibelio after the toxicity attack reaches 91.7 percent, and the protection rates of the compound dynamic protective products 2, 3, 4 and 5 are respectively 75 percent, 66 percent and 83 percent. The death rate of the carassius auratus gibelio fed with the compound animal and health products 10-16 after toxin attack is relatively large, and the prevention and treatment effect of the corresponding compound animal and health products is relatively weak.

Claims (11)

1. The compound animal protection product for preventing and treating the gill disease of the crucian carp is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-35 parts of yeast essence, 15-40 parts of honeysuckle, 5-15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 5-15 parts of isatis root and 20-50 parts of radix stemonae.
2. The composite motion preserving product of claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 12-35 parts of yeast essence, 17-40 parts of honeysuckle, 5-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 7-15 parts of isatis root and 25-45 parts of radix stemonae;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of yeast essence, 20-30 parts of honeysuckle, 5-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 7-10 parts of isatis root and 30-40 parts of radix stemonae.
3. The composite animal-protecting product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the yeast essence is a product obtained by performing autolysis wall breaking and separation on yeast cells, performing enzymolysis on the yeast cells and drying the yeast cells.
4. The composite animal and food products according to claim 3, wherein the autolytic wall-breaking is performed on yeast cells under the conditions of salt concentration of 1.0-6.0%, pH value of 4.0-7.0, and temperature of 45-75 ℃,
preferably, the autolytic wall breaking is performed by reacting yeast cells for 15-30h under the conditions of salt concentration of 1.5-5.0%, pH value of 4.0-6.5 and temperature of 50-75 ℃,
preferably, the salt is a sodium salt.
5. The composite animal-protecting product of claim 3 or 4, wherein the composite enzyme enzymolysis is carried out by using more than two enzymes of alkaline protease, mannanase, beta-glucanase and cellulase.
6. The composite animal and food product according to claim 5, wherein the addition amounts of the alkaline protease, the mannanase, the beta-glucanase and the cellulase are respectively 1.0 to 6.0%, 1.0 to 5.0%, 0.1 to 1.0% and 0.1 to 1.0% of the addition amount of the yeast essence dry matter in percentage by mass.
7. The composite animal protection product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2), and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2(Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX-2) is deposited in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with the deposit number of CCTCC NO: M2016418.
8. The preparation method of the compound animal-protecting product of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the compound animal-protecting product for preventing and treating the gill disease of Carassius auratus is prepared by pulverizing the honeysuckle, the radix astragali, the radix Isatidis and the radix Stemonae, sieving, mixing, and mixing with the yeast essence according to a certain proportion.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the honeysuckle, the astragalus membranaceus, the radix isatidis and the radix stemonae are crushed and sieved by a sieve of 40-100 meshes, preferably a sieve of 80 meshes.
10. The use of the compound animal protection product of claims 1-7 for preventing and treating gill disease of Carassius auratus.
11. The application of the composition according to claim 10, wherein the crucian product obtained by mixing the composite animal-protective product with the basic ration is used for feeding crucians, and preferably, the mass percentage of the composite animal-protective product in the crucian product is 0.1% -0.5%.
CN202010061954.9A 2020-01-19 2020-01-19 Compound animal protection product for preventing and treating black gill disease of crucian carp and preparation and application thereof Pending CN113133507A (en)

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