CN113122753A - Micro-alloyed copper alloy cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-alloyed copper alloy cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113122753A CN113122753A CN202110442323.6A CN202110442323A CN113122753A CN 113122753 A CN113122753 A CN 113122753A CN 202110442323 A CN202110442323 A CN 202110442323A CN 113122753 A CN113122753 A CN 113122753A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of conductive material preparation, and particularly relates to a microalloyed copper alloy cable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chemical components of the microalloyed copper alloy cable material comprise lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re, Pb, Cu and other alloy elements; the other alloy elements comprise S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe and Ag, and the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re in the copper alloy is more than or equal to 150ppm in percentage by mass; the total content of the other alloy elements in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent. According to the invention, through the preparation methods of reverberatory furnace smelting, in-furnace refining and continuous casting and rolling, the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re is used in the refining, and the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re in the copper alloy is controlled to be not less than 150ppm, so that the air holes and defects of the copper alloy can be reduced to the minimum, accidents and breakage in the casting and continuous rolling processes are reduced, the tensile strength is improved, and the high conductivity level is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of conductive material preparation, and particularly relates to a microalloyed copper alloy cable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable is composed of one or more insulated wires and is covered by a tough outer layer made of metal or rubber. Cables are generally made up of three components, a core, an insulating sheath and a protective sheath. Due to different purposes and installation places, cables have various structures, specifications and the like so as to meet different requirements.
The copper alloy material has a plurality of applications in wire and cable materials, such as copper wires prepared from soft copper single wires, hard copper single wires, soft aluminum single wires, hard aluminum single wires and the like are mainly used as semi-products of various wires and cables, and are used for manufacturing communication wires and motor electric appliances in a small amount. The red copper in China has three brands of t1, t2 and t3, wherein the red copper t2 is largely used. the t1, t2 and t3 red copper are divided according to different chemical compositions. t1 the content of copper in red copper is above 99.95%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.05%; t2 red copper has copper content of above 99.90% and total impurity content of no more than 0.1%; t3 the copper content of red copper is above 99.7%, and the total impurity content is not more than 0.3%. The red copper has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and processability, and can be used for welding and brazing. the t1 and t2 red copper are mainly used as electric-conducting, heat-conducting and corrosion-resistant components, such as wires, cables, electric-conducting screws, shells, various conduits and the like, and comprise the aviation industry. t3 red copper is mainly used as structural material, such as making electrical switch, washer, rivet, nozzle and various conduits; and are also commonly used for some less important conductive elements.
The lead materials of the electric wire and the cable are various, wherein pure copper (the purity of copper is more than or equal to 99.9%) is most widely used, and with the development of the society, various performances of the pure copper lead can not meet the requirements of industrial development more and more, so people add some other elements into the pure copper to prepare the copper alloy lead so as to improve the performances of the lead.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microalloyed copper alloy cable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re in the copper alloy is controlled to be more than or equal to 150ppm, so that air holes and defects of the copper alloy can be reduced to the minimum, accidents and breakage in the casting and continuous rolling processes are reduced, the tensile strength is improved, and the high conductivity level is maintained.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a microalloyed copper alloy cable material, wherein the chemical composition of the copper alloy comprises lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re, Pb, Cu and other alloy elements;
the other alloy elements comprise S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe and Ag;
the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re in the copper alloy is more than or equal to 150ppm by mass percent;
the total content of the other alloy elements in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent.
The lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re added in the technical scheme has good activity, is beneficial to refining, degassing, melt purification and microalloying, and can improve the conductivity, tensile strength and high-temperature softening resistance of the copper alloy.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the copper alloy comprises the following chemical components by mass percent:
lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 150-800 ppm;
Pb：15-20ppm；
S：1-15ppm；
Se、As、Sb：10-100ppm；
Bi：1-30ppm；
Sn：5-700ppm；
Zn：20-500ppm；
Ni：15-500ppm；
Fe：10-400ppm；
Ag：5-1000ppm；
the balance being Cu.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the microalloyed copper alloy cable material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu according to weight percentage, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, and obtaining a smelting melt through first heating and heat preservation and second heating and heat preservation;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re, and keeping the temperature to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, in step S1, the raw material is scrap copper.
Furthermore, in the step S1 of the technical scheme, the smelting temperature is increased to 720-800 ℃ in the first heating and heat preservation process, and the heat preservation is carried out for 0.5-2 h.
Further, in the step S1 of the technical scheme, the melting temperature is raised to 1120-1180 ℃ in the second heating and heat preservation process, the temperature is kept constant, and the melting is carried out for 1.5-2.5 h.
Further, in the technical scheme, the temperature of the melt in the step S2 is reduced to 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-30 min.
Furthermore, in the step S3 of the technical scheme, the tensile strength of the copper alloy cable is within the range of 460-510MPa, the electric conductivity is within the range of 98.2-99.8% IACS, and the elongation A is100In the range of 36.8-41.4%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re is added into the microalloyed copper alloy to improve the performance of the copper alloy cable, but when the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re is lower than 150ppm, the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re is easily burnt and a copper alloy product is easily cracked; when the content of the Re in the lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth is controlled to be more than or equal to 150ppm, the air holes and the defects of the copper alloy can be reduced to the minimum, accidents and breakage in the casting and continuous rolling processes are reduced, the tensile strength is improved, and the high conductivity level is maintained, wherein the tensile strength is in the range of 460-510MPa, the conductivity is in the range of 98.2-99.8% IACS, and the elongation A is100In the range of 36.8% -41.4%. The microalloyed high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy cable material has higher tensile strength than the cable material of microalloyed copper (the mark reaches t1) with the Pb content lower than 15ppm, and simultaneously has the same propertyThe conductivity of (a).
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The raw materials in the following examples are all commercially available products and are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples:
example 1
A microalloyed copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 150 ppm; pb: 20 ppm; wherein, the total content of S, Se, As, Sb, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the balance being Cu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: respectively weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, firstly raising the temperature of the reverberatory furnace to 760 ℃, and keeping the temperature fixed for 1.5 h; then raising the temperature to 1160 ℃, keeping the temperature fixed, and smelting for 2.0 hours to obtain a smelting melt;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1 to 1100 ℃, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth Re, and keeping the temperature for 15min to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Through performance tests, the tensile strength of the cable is 480MPa, and the electric conductivity of the cable is 99.5 percent IACS.
Example 2
A microalloyed copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 200 ppm; pb: 15 ppm; wherein, the total content of S, Se, As, Sb, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the balance being Cu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: respectively weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, firstly raising the temperature of the reverberatory furnace to 750 ℃, and keeping the temperature for fixing for 2 hours; then raising the temperature to 1150 ℃, keeping the temperature fixed, and smelting for 2.0 hours to obtain a smelting melt;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1 to 1100 ℃, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth Re, and keeping the temperature for 30min to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Through performance tests, the tensile strength of the cable is 500MPa, and the electric conductivity of the cable is 98.3 percent IACS.
Example 3
A microalloyed copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 400 ppm; pb: 15 ppm; wherein, the total content of S, Se, As, Sb, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the balance being Cu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: respectively weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, firstly raising the temperature of the reverberatory furnace to 750 ℃, and keeping the temperature for fixing for 2 hours; then raising the temperature to 1140 ℃, keeping the temperature fixed, and smelting for 2.0h to obtain a smelting melt;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1 to 1100 ℃, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth Re, and keeping the temperature for 25min to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Through performance tests, the tensile strength of the cable is 508MPa, and the electric conductivity of the cable is 98.6 percent IACS.
Example 4
A microalloyed copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 800 ppm; pb: 15 ppm; wherein, the total content of S, Se, As, Sb, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the balance being Cu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: respectively weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu, adding the raw materials into a reflecting furnace for smelting, firstly raising the temperature of the reflecting furnace to 780 ℃, and keeping the temperature for fixing for 2 hours; then raising the temperature to 1180 ℃, keeping the temperature fixed, and smelting for 2.0 hours to obtain a smelting melt;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1 to 1100 ℃, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth Re, and keeping the temperature for 20min to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Through performance tests, the tensile strength of the cable is 503MPa, and the electric conductivity of the cable is 99.4% IACS.
Comparative example 1
A copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 140 ppm; pb: 20 ppm; wherein, the total content of S, Se, As, Sb, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the balance being Cu.
The preparation process is as in example 1.
Through performance tests, the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re is burnt in the refining process, and the cable is easy to crack and is unqualified.
Comparative example 2: copper alloy cable with current grade t1
A copper alloy cable material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: the total content of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe and Ag in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the content of Pb is less than 15 ppm; the balance being Cu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: respectively weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, firstly raising the temperature of the reverberatory furnace to 760 ℃, and keeping the temperature fixed for 1.5 h; then raising the temperature to 1160 ℃, keeping the temperature fixed, and smelting for 2.0 hours to obtain a smelting melt;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1 to 1100 ℃, and then preserving heat for 15min to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
Through performance tests, the tensile strength of the cable is 380MPa, and the electric conductivity of the cable is 101.0% IACS.
Statistics of the performance test data for examples 1-4 and comparative example 2 above are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the performance test results of the examples and the comparative examples in Table 1, the tensile strength of the cable produced by the invention is greatly improved, and the conductivity and the elongation are also kept at high levels. The copper alloy wire rod of the invention has good strength performance and conductivity.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A microalloyed copper alloy cable material is characterized in that the copper alloy comprises the chemical components of lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re, Pb, Cu and other alloy elements;
the other alloy elements comprise S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe and Ag;
the content of the lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re in the copper alloy is more than or equal to 150ppm by mass percent; the total content of the other alloy elements in the copper alloy is less than or equal to 0.3 percent.
2. The microalloyed copper alloy cable material of claim 1, wherein the copper alloy chemical composition includes, in mass percent:
lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re: 150-800 ppm;
Pb：15-20ppm；
S：1-15ppm；
Se、As、Sb：10-100ppm；
Bi：1-30ppm；
Sn：5-700ppm；
Zn：20-500ppm；
Ni：15-500ppm；
Fe：10-400ppm；
Ag：5-1000ppm；
the balance being Cu.
3. The method for preparing a microalloyed copper alloy cable material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a reverberatory furnace: weighing raw materials of Pb, S, Se, As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Ag and Cu according to weight percentage, adding the raw materials into a reverberatory furnace for smelting, and obtaining a smelting melt through first heating and heat preservation and second heating and heat preservation;
s2, refining in a furnace: cooling the smelting melt obtained in the step S1, refining the intermediate alloy by using lanthanum-rich mischmetal Re, and keeping the temperature to obtain a refined melt;
s3, continuous casting and rolling: and (5) carrying out continuous casting and rolling treatment on the refined melt obtained in the step S2 to obtain the copper alloy cable.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the raw material of step S1 is scrap copper.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the melting temperature is increased to about 720-800 ℃ during the first temperature raising and maintaining in step S1, and the temperature is maintained for 0.5-2 h.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the melting temperature is increased to 1120-1180 ℃ in the second heating and maintaining process in step S1, and the melting time is kept constant for 1.5-2.5 h.
7. The method for preparing a microalloyed copper alloy cable material according to claim 3, wherein the melt temperature in the step S2 is reduced to 1100 ℃, and the holding time is 15-30 min.
8. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the copper alloy cable has a tensile strength of 460-510MPa, an electrical conductivity of 98.2-99.8% IACS, and an elongation A100In the range of 36.8-41.4%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113789459A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-14 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Copper-nickel-tin alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113789459A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-14 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Copper-nickel-tin alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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