CN113115784A - Herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field and application thereof - Google Patents
Herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113115784A CN113115784A CN202110450812.6A CN202110450812A CN113115784A CN 113115784 A CN113115784 A CN 113115784A CN 202110450812 A CN202110450812 A CN 202110450812A CN 113115784 A CN113115784 A CN 113115784A
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- alfalfa
- herbicide composition
- cyperus rotundus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
Abstract
The invention provides a herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field, wherein the mass ratio of the active ingredients cloransulam to imazapyr is 1: 1-5, and the weight percentage of the two in the herbicide composition is 10-60% in total. The invention reports the application of cloransulam to the prevention and control of cyperus rotundus and the like for the first time, screens out the optimal mixing proportion, application dosage and application period of the cloransulam and the imazapic acid, and the provided herbicide composition of the cloransulam and the imazapic acid can be applied to the post-emergence weeding of alfalfa fields, has good weeding effect on perennial broadleaf weeds and cyperaceae weeds, has high weeding activity, wide weeding spectrum and remarkable synergism, and has higher safety on alfalfa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in an alfalfa field, and belongs to the field of herbicides.
Background
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a perennial herb of leguminoses (Leguminosae), is rich in protein, has excellent grass quality, strong biological nitrogen fixation capacity, good palatability and high yield, and is important pasture with extremely high economic value. Weeds in the alfalfa field compete for resources such as water, light and fertilizer with alfalfa, the yield and the quality of the alfalfa are seriously affected, and the grass is an important threat for restricting the production of the alfalfa. The weeds in the alfalfa field are serious, particularly the malignant weeds such as cyperus rotundus (Cyperusrotundus) are difficult to prevent and control, after the alfalfa is harvested, the old root cyperus rotundus grows rapidly and has strong drug resistance, the growth of the alfalfa is seriously influenced, and the yield of the alfalfa is reduced. Therefore, the development of a herbicide composition for preventing and killing cyperus rotundus after alfalfa field seedling is a problem to be solved urgently in practical production.
Cloransulam-methyl is a sulfonamide selective herbicide with a chemical name of methyl 3-chloro-2- [ (5-ethoxy-7-fluoro- [1,2,4] triazolo [5,1-c ] pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfonamido ] benzoate, and is mainly used for controlling broad-leaved weeds in broad-leaved crop fields such as soybeans. Imazapic is an imidazolinone herbicide, has a chemical name of 2- [4, 5-dihydro-4-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) -5-oxo-1H-imidazole-2-yl ] -5-methyl-3-pyridine carboxylic acid ammonia salt, is mainly used for controlling annual gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds by treating postemergence stems and leaves of peanuts, and particularly has extremely high control activity on perennial cyperus. However, the control effect of cloransulam-methyl on cyperus rotundus is not proved in the prior art, and meanwhile, no report is made on a weeding composition of cloransulam-methyl and imazapic acid.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in the alfalfa field, the main components are cloransulam methyl and imazapyr, the herbicide composition has good weeding effect on perennial broadleaf weeds and cyperaceae weeds, and has high weeding activity, wide weeding spectrum, remarkable synergism and higher safety on alfalfa.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the herbicide composition for controlling cyperus rotundus L in alfalfa fields comprises the effective components of cloransulam methyl and imazapic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the cloransulam methyl to the imazapic acid in the herbicide composition is 1:1 to 5.
The mass percentage of the cloransulam-methyl and the imazapic in the herbicide composition is 10-60%.
The herbicide composition also comprises an auxiliary composition; the auxiliary composition is any one or a mixture of two or more of a surfactant, a thickening agent, a solvent, a solid filler and an inorganic salt auxiliary.
The surfactant is any one of or a mixture of two or more of methylene dinaphthalene sodium sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, agricultural emulsion 602#, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, nekal and sulfite pulp waste liquid.
The thickening agent is polyvinyl alcohol; the solid filler is kaolin; the inorganic salt auxiliary agent is ammonium sulfate.
The preparation method of the herbicide composition comprises the step of preparing the herbicide composition into water dispersible granules, wettable powder or missible oil.
The application method of the herbicide composition comprises the step of carrying out stem and leaf spraying treatment when the stem height of cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm and alfalfa leaves are in 3-5 leaf period, and the using amount of active ingredients in each hectare is 70-100 g.
The herbicide composition is applied to weeding after seedling emergence of alfalfa fields.
The herbicide composition is applied to controlling and removing cyperus rotundus in alfalfa fields.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention reports the application of cloransulam to the prevention and control of cyperus rotundus and the like for the first time, screens out the optimal mixing proportion, application dosage and application period of the cloransulam and the imazapic acid, and the provided herbicide composition of the cloransulam and the imazapic acid can be applied to the post-emergence weeding of alfalfa fields, has good weeding effect on cyperus rotundus, has high safety on alfalfa, and is particularly shown in the following aspects:
(1) has special effect on nutgrass flatsedge. The invention proves that cloransulam-methyl has good control effect on cyperaceae cyperus rotundus for the first time, and has special effect on cyperus rotundus by being mixed with special agent mebendazole nicotinic acid for preventing and killing cyperus rotundus in peanut fields.
(2) The synergy is remarkable. The cloransulam-methyl and the imazapic acid have synergistic effect, so that the dosage of the herbicide is greatly reduced while the weeding effect is ensured, and the field weeding cost is reduced.
(3) The safety is high. The single agents of cloransulam-methyl and mebendazole nicotinic acid have poor safety to the alfalfa, and the combination of the cloransulam-methyl and the mebendazole nicotinic acid has good compatibility, obvious synergy, no phytotoxicity to the alfalfa and higher safety.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The herbicide composition can be processed into various formulations such as water dispersible granules, wettable powder, missible oil and the like according to the related characteristics of the original drug of cloransulam-methyl and imazapyr and the weeding mechanism. The contents of the two effective ingredients in the herbicidal composition of the present invention are not limited to the ranges in the following examples.
Example 1
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of cloransulam-methyl, 5% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of kaolin to 100%, and wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components (cloransulam-methyl and imazapyr) of 10% is prepared according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 2
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of cloransulam-methyl, 10% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and 100% of kaolin, and preparing the wettable powder with 15% of effective components by mass according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 3
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of cloransulam-methyl, 15% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of kaolin to 100%, and preparing the wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components of 20% according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 4
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of cloransulam-methyl, 20% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of kaolin to 100%, and preparing the wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components of 25% according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 5
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5% of cloransulam-methyl, 25% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of kaolin to 100%, and preparing the wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components of 30% according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 6
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10% of cloransulam-methyl, 35% of mebendazole nicotinic acid, 6% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and solvent oil, wherein the solvent oil is complemented to 100%, and the emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percentage of the effective components of 45% is prepared according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 7
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10% of cloransulam-methyl, 35% of imazamox, 602# 4% of agricultural milk, 7% of nekal, 13% of sulfite pulp waste liquid, 13% of ammonium sulfate and kaolin, which are complemented to 100%, and the water dispersible granules with the effective component mass percentage of 45% are prepared according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 8
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10% of cloransulam-methyl, 30% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and 100% of kaolin, and preparing the wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components of 40% according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 9
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10% of cloransulam-methyl, 40% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and 100% of kaolin, and preparing the wettable powder with 50% of effective components by mass according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 10
The herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10% of cloransulam-methyl, 50% of imazapyr, 7% of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of polyvinyl alcohol and 100% of kaolin, and preparing the wettable powder with the mass percentage content of the effective components of 60% according to a conventional preparation method.
Example 11
The application method of the herbicide composition comprises the following steps: the application period is as follows: spraying stems and leaves when the stem height of the cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm and the alfalfa is in the 3-5 leaf stage; the dosage of the active ingredients per hectare is 70-100 g.
Application example 1 determination of toxicity of herbicide composition on overground fresh weight of cyperus rotundus
Setting a medicament: on the basis of the preliminary test, the experiment is carried out by using the technical products of the single doses of cloransulam methyl and imazapic (respectively setting a cloransulam methyl treatment group, an imazapic treatment group and a mixed treatment group of the cloransulam methyl and the imazapic), using acetone as a solvent, diluting with an emulsifier T-80 aqueous solution with the content of 0.1 percent, and diluting as required. Each treatment group was set to 5 different concentration gradients; wherein the compounding ratio (mass ratio) of cloransulam-methyl to mebendazole nicotinic acid is different concentration gradients of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1: 5; each treatment group was blanked with water containing no drug, the same solvent and emulsifier.
The test method comprises the following steps: and (2) filling the screened fine soil into a plastic basin with the diameter of 25cm to 4/5, uniformly sowing the tubers of the selected cyperus rotundus on the soil surface, covering the fine soil with the tubers of about 2cm, supplementing water in a basin bottom infiltrating irrigation mode until the tubers are wet, and placing the mixture in a greenhouse for moisture preservation culture (the daily temperature is 24-28 ℃, the night temperature is 18-22 ℃, the sunshine duration is 14h, and the relative humidity is 65-75%). Thinning 20 seedlings after the seedlings of the cyperus rotundus, and spraying stems and leaves when the height of the cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm. Continuously culturing in greenhouse after treatment, periodically observing the control effect of each treatment on rhizoma Cyperi, weighing the overground fresh weight of each treated rhizoma Cyperi 21 days after application, and calculating toxicity regression equation and ED of each herbicide composition on rhizoma Cyperi according to the method proposed by Sun Yunpei in 196050Value (median effective dose) and CTC (co-toxicity coefficient). The test was repeated 4 times, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 determination of the virulence of the herbicide composition on the overground fresh weight of Cyperus rotundus
As can be seen from Table 1, the co-toxicity coefficients of cloransulam-methyl and imazapic after being mixed are all larger than 120, which shows that the herbicide has obvious synergistic effect, the dosage of the herbicide is greatly reduced while the weeding effect is ensured, and the field weeding cost is reduced. The mixing of cloransulam-methyl and mebendazole has obvious synergistic effect, and the mixing ratio of the cloransulam-methyl and the mebendazole-nicotinic acid is 1:3, the compatibility of the proportion has the largest co-toxicity coefficient and the most obvious synergy.
Application example 2 herbicidal composition indoor control Effect on weeds and safety thereof
The agents of examples 1-10 were used to determine the indoor control effect of cyperus rotundus and the safety of alfalfa.
The test method comprises the following steps: and (2) filling the screened fine soil into a plastic basin with the diameter of 25cm to 4/5, uniformly sowing the tuber of the selected cyperus rotundus and the alfalfa seeds on the soil surface, covering the fine soil with about 2cm, supplementing water in a basin bottom infiltrating irrigation mode until the fine soil is wet, and placing the mixture in a greenhouse for moisture preservation culture (the daily temperature is 24-28 ℃, the night temperature is 18-22 ℃, the sunshine time is 14h, and the relative humidity is 65-75%). Thinning seedlings of the cyperus rotundus and the alfalfa after emergence of the seedlings, planting 20 seedlings of the cyperus rotundus in a field, and performing stem and leaf spraying treatment when the stem of the cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm high and the alfalfa is in a 3-5 leaf stage. And (3) continuously culturing in a greenhouse after treatment, regularly observing the control effect of each treatment on the cyperus rotundus, investigating the plant control effect, the overground fresh weight control effect and the root control effect 21 days after the treatment, and determining the phytotoxicity grading of the herbicide composition on the alfalfa. The test was repeated 4 times, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 fresh weight inhibition and safety of herbicide composition on cyperus rotundus
Note: grading criteria for herbicide composition safety towards alfalfa: grade 1, normal crop growth without any damage symptoms; 2 grade, slight phytotoxicity of crops is less than 10 percent; grade 3, moderate phytotoxicity of crops can be recovered later; grade 4, the crop phytotoxicity is heavy and difficult to recover; grade 5, crop phytotoxicity is severe and cannot be recovered.
As can be seen from Table 2, the herbicide compositions of examples 1-10 all had better control effect on Cyperus rotundus, and the phytotoxicity rating of the herbicide for alfalfa was 1 grade, which reached the phytotoxicity rating of the herbicide prescribed by the state.
Application example 3 field efficacy test of herbicide composition
The agents of examples 3, 4, 6 and 7 were used to determine the field control effect of cyperus rotundus and the safety of alfalfa.
The test method comprises the following steps: the herbicide composition is subjected to a field pesticide effect experiment according to pesticide field pesticide effect test rules specified by agricultural ministry of agriculture. The area of the cell used in the experiment is 20m2The cultivation conditions (soil, fertility, growth stage and crop row spacing) of all test districts are uniform, and the test medicament and blank control districts are arranged in random block groupsAnd (4) columns. And respectively and uniformly sowing a certain amount of cyperus rotundus tubers and alfalfa seeds in a test cell, and carrying out stem leaf weeding spraying when the height of cyperus rotundus stems is 10-15 cm and the alfalfa grows to 3-5 leaf stages. The plant control effect, fresh weight control effect and root control effect of the weeds are investigated 40 days after the herbicide application, and the phytotoxicity classification of the herbicide composition to the alfalfa is determined. The test was repeated 4 times, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 field control effect and safety of herbicide composition on Cyperus rotundus
As can be seen from table 3, in the field efficacy test, the herbicide composition of the present invention has a better control effect on cyperus rotundus, and the phytotoxicity rating of the herbicide composition for alfalfa is 1 grade, which reaches the phytotoxicity rating of the herbicide composition stipulated by the state. Comparative example 1 controlling effect and safety of cloransulam-methyl on Cyperus rotundus
The control effect on cyperus rotundus and the safety on alfalfa are measured by using cloransulam-methyl alone. The cloransulam-methyl water dispersible granule (Yinong, Dow, USA) of 84% is adopted in the cloransulam-methyl in the test.
The test method comprises the following steps: and (2) filling the screened fine soil into a plastic basin with the diameter of 25cm to 4/5, uniformly sowing the tuber of the selected cyperus rotundus and the alfalfa seeds on the soil surface, covering the fine soil with about 2cm, supplementing water in a basin bottom infiltrating irrigation mode until the fine soil is wet, and placing the mixture in a greenhouse for moisture preservation culture (the daily temperature is 24-28 ℃, the night temperature is 18-22 ℃, the sunshine time is 14h, and the relative humidity is 65-75%). Thinning seedlings of the cyperus rotundus and the alfalfa after emergence of the seedlings, planting 20 seedlings of the cyperus rotundus in a field, and performing stem and leaf spraying treatment when the stem of the cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm high and the alfalfa is in a 3-5 leaf stage. And (3) continuously culturing in a greenhouse after treatment, regularly observing the control effect of each treatment on the cyperus rotundus, investigating the plant control effect, the overground fresh weight control effect and the root control effect 21 days after the treatment, and determining the phytotoxicity grading of cloransulam to the alfalfa. The test was repeated 4 times, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Cymbopogon Citrari control Effect and safety of Cymbopogon Citrari
As can be seen from Table 4, the active ingredient of cloransulam-methyl is 21g/hm2、24g/hm2、27g/hm2During treatment, the safety level of the alfalfa is 1, which shows that the alfalfa has better safety; the inhibition rates of the three dosages on the overground fresh weight of the cyperus rotundus are 59.8%, 66.7% and 73.3% respectively, which shows that the cloransulam methyl active ingredient is 24g/hm2、27g/hm2The treatment has certain inhibiting effect on the cyperus rotundus, and the corresponding plant control effect and root control effect are respectively 50.1 percent and 45.4 percent, 64.8 percent and 50.9 percent. Tests show that cloransulam-methyl has certain application value in the prevention and removal aspect of cyperus rotundus, and the overall prevention effect on cyperus rotundus does not reach a relatively ideal effect on the premise of ensuring safety.
Claims (9)
1. The herbicide composition for controlling cyperus rotundus L in alfalfa fields is characterized in that the active ingredients of the herbicide composition are cloransulam methyl and imazapyr, and the mass ratio of the cloransulam methyl to the imazapyr in the herbicide composition is 1:1 to 5.
2. The herbicide composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cloransulam methyl and the imazapic acid are contained in the herbicide composition in an amount of 10 to 60% by mass in total.
3. A herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising an adjuvant composition; the auxiliary composition is any one or a mixture of two or more of a surfactant, a thickening agent, a solvent, a solid filler and an inorganic salt auxiliary.
4. A herbicide composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein said surfactant is any one or a mixture of two or more of sodium methylenedinaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Nongru # 602, alkylphenol ethoxylates, nekal, and sulfite pulp waste liquor.
5. A herbicidal composition according to claim 3, wherein said thickener is polyvinyl alcohol; the solid filler is kaolin; the inorganic salt auxiliary agent is ammonium sulfate.
6. The process for producing a herbicidal composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said herbicidal composition is in the form of water-dispersible granules, wettable powder or emulsifiable concentrate.
7. An application method of the herbicide composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spraying treatment of the stem leaves is carried out when the stem height of the cyperus rotundus is 10-15 cm and the leaf period of the alfalfa is 3-5 leaves, and the dosage of the effective components is 70-100 g per hectare.
8. Use of a herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the post-emergence weeding of alfalfa fields.
9. Use of a herbicidal composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling cyperus rotundus in alfalfa field.
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| CN110024799A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏省激素研究所股份有限公司 | Herbicidal composition |
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Application publication date: 20210716 |