CN117941702A

CN117941702A - Herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa field and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117941702A
Application number: CN202410055072.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵铂锤; 王金鑫; 刘小民; 李秉华; 许贤; 祁志尊; 王贵启; 魏志敏; 张楠; 马书林; 宗丽娟
Original assignee: Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2024-01-15
Filing date: 2024-01-15
Publication date: 2024-04-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa fields and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides. The active ingredients of the herbicide are the mesotrione and the flucarbazone; the mass ratio of the mesotrione to the flucarbazone is 5:1-60:1. The herbicide disclosed by the invention has high safety to quinoa and no phytotoxicity; the synergistic effect is obvious after the triclopyr and the flucarbazone are compounded, and the synergistic effect is obvious for common weeds in quinoa field; the weeding composition expands the weed control spectrum and has excellent weeding effect on quinoa Tian Chang weeds.

Description

Herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa field and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in quinoa fields and application thereof.

Background

Quinoa, native to the andes mountain area in south america, is the main traditional food for indigenous inhabitants of the seal-plus, and has been used and planted for over 5000-7000 years to date. Quinoa is the only food which is identified by the United nations grain and agriculture organization (FAO) to be single plant and can meet the basic nutrition requirement of human body, the protein content is up to 16% -22%, and the quality is equivalent to milk powder and meat; is rich in various amino acids, including 9 amino acids necessary for human body, and has proper proportion and easy absorption; the mineral, vitamin, dietary fiber, special chemical components and bioactive substances are rich in content; therefore, they are labeled "nutritional gold", "super grain", "future food" and "vegetarian king". Besides the outstanding nutritive value, quinoa also has the characteristics of cold resistance, drought resistance, barren resistance, salt and alkali resistance and the like, and has very important significance for sustainable development of an agricultural ecological system. The Chinese is introduced from abroad in the 80 th century and suitable for planting quinoa, and after more than 30 years of development, the quinoa is developed into a country with the largest planting area except the country of origin, and the average yield of quinoa in China is higher than the average yield of the whole world. At present, the related research on quinoa is limited to breeding of varieties, but the research on weed control technology of quinoa fields is very short.

The common name of the triclopyr English is tralkoxydim, and the chemical name is: 2- (1- (ethoxyimino) propyl) -5- (2, 4, 6-trimethyl phenyl) -2-propionyl-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-1-ketone, belongs to cyclohexenone herbicides, and is a systemic conduction type stem and leaf treating agent with high efficiency and selectivity; the action mechanism is to inhibit acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) in plants, inhibit the biosynthesis of fatty acid, inhibit cell division, destroy the normal growth of weeds and kill weeds, and has strong killing effect on grassy weeds and safety on dicotyledonous crops. At present, the herbicide is mainly used for preventing and killing grassy weeds such as wild oat, brome, chinese pennywort, hard grass, green bristlegrass, bluegrass, lolium clavatum, ryegrass, alopecuroide, japanese alopecuroide and the like in wheat and barley fields. At present, no related research report of the mesotrione on weed control in quinoa fields is found.

The English generic name of flucarbazone is triflusulfuron-methyl, the chemical name is 3- (4-dimethylamino-6- (2, 2-trifluoroethoxy) -1,3, 5-triazine-2-carbamoylamino xanthoyl) m-methylbenzoic acid methyl ester, belongs to sulfonylurea herbicides, and is a systemic conduction type stem and leaf treating agent with high efficiency and selectivity; the action mechanism is to inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS) in plants, prevent biosynthesis of side chain amino acids such as valine, leucine and isoleucine, inhibit cell division, stop cell cycle at G1 and G2 stages, destroy normal growth of weeds and die, and have good control effect on part of gramineous weeds of most broadleaf weeds. At present, the herbicide is mainly used for preventing and removing broadleaf weeds in a sweet vegetable field. At present, no related research report on weed control in quinoa fields by flucarbazone is found.

At present, chemical weeding is the most economical and effective means for preventing and controlling farmland weeds, but most of registered herbicides are very easy to cause phytotoxicity to quinoa, so that the yield and quality of quinoa are reduced, and further industrialization and large-scale development of quinoa are restricted. Therefore, the development of chemical weeding research work of quinoa fields is not slow, how to provide a herbicide product which is safe and reliable for quinoa, has good weed control effect, low control cost and convenient popularization and use, and is a production practice problem which needs to be solved in the current quinoa planting. At present, no weeding composition containing the mesotrione and the flucarbazone is reported, and no research report on the application of the compounded mesotrione and the flucarbazone to the weeding of quinoa field is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a herbicide for preventing and controlling weeds in a quinoa field and application thereof, and the herbicide realizes safe and efficient weed prevention and control after the seedlings of the quinoa field.

The invention firstly provides a herbicide, which comprises the active ingredients of the triclopyr and the flucarbazone.

In the herbicide, the mass ratio of the mesotrione to the flucarbazone is 5:1-60:1.

The mass ratio of the mesotrione to the flucarbazone can be specifically 5:1-50:1; more specifically, 5:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, 9:1, 10:1, 15:1, 16.7:1, 25:1, 27:1, 30:1, or 50:1 may be used.

The herbicide is used in quinoa field.

The herbicide is wettable powder, water dispersible granules, emulsifiable concentrate or dispersible oil suspending agent.

When the herbicide is a dispersible oil suspension, the herbicide further comprises an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a structural stabilizer, a cosolvent and methyl oleate; specifically, the emulsifier is calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the wetting agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersing agent is sodium lignin sulfonate; the structure stabilizer is organic bentonite; the stabilizer is an aqueous solution of ethanolamine; the cosolvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone;

When the herbicide is wettable powder, the herbicide further comprises a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a carrier and diatomite; specifically, the wetting agent is sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate; the dispersing agent is calcium lignosulfonate; the carrier is white carbon black;

when the herbicide is water dispersible granule, the herbicide further comprises a penetrating agent, an emulsifying agent, a dispersing agent, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrating agent and kaolin; specifically, the penetrating agent is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the emulsifier is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersing agent is alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt; the adhesive is methyl cellulose; the wetting agent is sodium chloride; the cracking agent is ammonium sulfate;

when the herbicide is emulsifiable concentrate, the herbicide further comprises an emulsifier, a stabilizer, a cosolvent and a solvent; specifically, the emulsifier is calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the stabilizer is epoxidized soybean oil; the cosolvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone; the solvent is industrial corn oil.

In the herbicide, the mass of the triclopyr and the flucarbazone accounts for 10-90% of the total mass of the herbicide.

The invention also provides application of the herbicide in preventing and killing weeds in fields.

In the above application, the herbicide is used for preventing and killing weeds in quinoa fields.

In the above application, the weeds are at least one of quinoa, amaranthus retroflexus, green bristlegrass and wild oat.

Finally, the invention provides a method for preventing and killing weeds in quinoa fields, which comprises the following steps:

Diluting the herbicide with water, and then spraying the herbicide on the field of quinoa in the 3-5 leaf period.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The weeding composition disclosed by the invention has high safety to quinoa and no phytotoxicity;

2) The synergistic effect is obvious after the triclopyr and the flucarbazone are compounded, and the synergistic effect is obvious for common weeds in quinoa field;

3) The weeding composition expands the weed control spectrum and has excellent weeding effect on weeds in quinoa Tian Chang;

4) The weeding composition has low control cost and is convenient to popularize and use.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings that are presented to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope thereof.

The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

The reagents used in examples 1 to 8 below were commercial 95% triclosan and 95% trifloxysulfuron.

Example 1, 12% Triflozin-Fluosulfuron dispersible oil suspension (5:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 10% of triclopyr, 2% of flucarbazone, 1.5% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (emulsifier), 2.0% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (wetting agent), 1.5% of sodium lignin sulfonate (dispersing agent), 1.2% of organic bentonite (structure stabilizer), 1.0% of 50wt% of ethanolamine aqueous solution (stabilizer), 2.5% of N-methylpyrrolidone (cosolvent) and the balance of methyl oleate to 100%.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of weighing the triclopyr, the flucarbazone, the wetting agent, the cosolvent, the emulsifier, the dispersing agent, the stabilizing agent, the structural stabilizing agent and the methyl oleate according to the proportion, mixing, dispersing for 35 minutes at the rotating speed of 2200r/min of a high-speed shearing machine, and sanding for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 1000r/min of a sand mill, so that the dispersible oil suspending agent can be obtained, and the dispersible oil suspending agent is obtained after inspection to be qualified according to the quality control index of the product.

Example 2, 20% Tribendone-Fluosulfuron dispersible oil suspension (9:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 18% of triclopyr, 2% of flucarbazone, 2.5% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (emulsifier), 3.2% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (wetting agent), 1.8% of sodium lignin sulfonate (dispersing agent), 1.8% of organic bentonite (structure stabilizer), 1.4% of 50wt% of ethanolamine aqueous solution (stabilizing agent), 3.7% of N-methylpyrrolidone (cosolvent) and the balance of methyl oleate to 100%.

The preparation method is the same as in example 1.

EXAMPLE 3 24% Tribenuron-methyl wettable powder (7:1)

The herbicide disclosed by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of triclopyr, 3% of flucarbazone, 5.2% of sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate (wetting agent), 10.5% of calcium lignosulfonate (dispersing agent), 7.4% of white carbon black (carrier) and the balance of diatomite to 100%.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, mixing, superfine grinding by an airflow grinder, and uniformly mixing to obtain wettable powder, and checking to be qualified according to the quality control index of the product.

EXAMPLE 4 33% Tribenuron-methyl wettable powder (10:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 30% of triclopyr, 3% of flucarbazone, 10.4% of sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate (wetting agent), 14.5% of calcium lignosulfonate (dispersing agent), 12.6% of white carbon black (carrier) and the balance of diatomite to 100%.

The preparation method is the same as in example 3.

Example 5, 42% Triflozin-Fluosulfuron Water dispersible granule (20:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 40% of triclopyr, 2% of flucarbazone, 5.2% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (penetrating agent), 2.7% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifying agent), 4.3% of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt (dispersing agent), 3.1% of methyl cellulose (adhesive), 3.5% of sodium chloride (wetting agent), 9.2% of ammonium sulfate (disintegrating agent) and 100% of kaolin.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of weighing the triclopyr, the flucarbazone, the wetting agent, the dispersing agent, the penetrating agent, the emulsifying agent, the disintegrating agent and the kaolin according to the proportion, mixing, crushing into superfine powder through an ultrafine jet mill, and adding the superfine powder into a fluidized bed granulator. Granulating and drying in a fluidized bed granulator at 40-60 ℃ by using 15% of aqueous solution containing the binder, screening to obtain water dispersible granules, and checking to be qualified according to the quality control index of the product to obtain the finished product.

Example 6, 56% Triflozin-Fluosulfuron Water dispersible granule (27:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 54% of triclopyr, 2% of flucarbazone, 6.0% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (penetrating agent), 3.5% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifying agent), 5.2% of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt (dispersing agent), 3.7% of methyl cellulose (adhesive), 3.9% of sodium chloride (wetting agent), 9.7% of ammonium sulfate (disintegrating agent) and 100% of kaolin.

The preparation method is the same as in example 5.

EXAMPLE 7 52% Triflozin-Fluosulfuron emulsifiable concentrate (25:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 50% of triclopyr, 2% of flucarbazone, 5.8% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (emulsifier), 2.5% of epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer), 4.1% of N-methylpyrrolidone (cosolvent) and the balance of industrial corn oil to 100%.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: the triclopyr, the flucarbazone and the cosolvent are weighed according to the proportion and dissolved in a reaction kettle, then the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the solvent are added, after being stirred uniformly, the emulsifiable concentrate is obtained by filtering (removing insoluble impurities) through a filter, and the emulsifiable concentrate is obtained after being inspected to be qualified according to the quality control index of the product.

EXAMPLE 8 64% Triflozin-Fluosulfuron emulsifiable concentrate (15:1)

In the herbicide of the embodiment, the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 60% of triclopyr, 4% of flucarbazone, 6.4% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (emulsifier), 3.1% of epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer), 4.5% of N-methylpyrrolidone (cosolvent) and the balance of industrial corn oil (solvent) to 100%.

The preparation method is the same as in example 7.

Example 9 Performance test

1. Indoor efficacy test

1. Purpose of test

The combined action of the triclopyr and the flucarbazone is determined by an indoor bioassay test.

2. Materials and methods

The indoor pesticide effect test is carried out in an artificial illumination culture room of the institute of grain and oil crops of the academy of agricultural and forestry sciences in Hebei province, according to the "NY/T1155.7-2006 indoor biological assay test criterion herbicide part 7: the mixing was performed by the Gowing method in the "combined action assay".

Target weeds select Guyuan common quinoa (Chenopodium album l.), amaranthus retroflexus (Amaranthus retroflexus l.), green bristlegrass (SETARIA VIRIDIS l.) and wild oat (Avena fatua l.), all with germination rates greater than 90%.

The test agent is commercial 95% of the raw material of the mesotrione and 95% of the raw material of the flucarbazone.

Watering in advance into a flower disc (10 multiplied by 10 cm), uniformly sowing the 4 kinds of weed seeds on the soil surface after nutrient soil in the flowerpot absorbs enough water, covering the soil with a sieve about 0.5cm, and keeping 10 plants of weeds in each pot when the weeds grow to 2 leaves.

Accurately weighing the raw materials by using a ten-thousandth electronic balance, adding 1mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone into the raw materials until the N-methyl pyrrolidone is completely dissolved, and finally, carrying out constant volume by using a Tween 80 aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.1%, spraying stems and leaves of the 4 weeds by using a 3WP-2000 type walking spray tower, wherein each treatment is repeated for 4 times.

The synergistic effect of the mixture is evaluated by Gowing method, the fresh weight of overground parts of weeds is measured 21d after the medicine, and E (actual prevention effect of the composition) is calculated to be = (blank fresh weight-medicine treatment fresh weight) multiplied by 100%/(blank fresh weight); e ₀ (theoretical efficacy of composition%) =e ₁+E₂×(100-E₁)÷100,E₁、E₂ is the actual efficacy of the corresponding doses of the mesotrione, trifloxysulfuron, respectively. When E-E0 is less than-10%, the components of the composition are antagonism, when E-E ₀ is less than or equal to 10%, the components of the composition are addition, and when E-E ₀ is more than 10%, the components of the composition are synergism.

TABLE 1 Tributone and Fluosulfuron indoor combined action determination dosage scale (g/hm ²)

Test results show that the control effect of the triclopyr on the quinoa under the reagent supply amount is 9.8-16.4%, the control effect of the triclopyr on the amaranth is 12.7-20.4%, the control effect of the green bristlegrass is 41.2-84.5%, and the control effect of the green bristlegrass on the wild oat is 46.7-87.5%; the control effect of flucarbazone on the quinoa is 56.2-78.5%, the control effect of amaranth on the back branch is 52.4-75.6%, the control effect of setaria is 5.6-9.1% and the control effect of wild oat is 4.2-7.9% under the condition of the reagent supply amount of flucarbazone (table 1).

After the mesotrione and the flucarbazone are mixed according to a certain proportion, the control effect on 4 weeds is obviously improved. The combined effect measurement results show that after the mesotrione and the flucarbazone are compounded, the actual prevention effects on the quinoa, the amaranthus retroflexus, the green bristlegrass and the wild oat respectively reach 72.4-98.6%, 70.1-100%, 57.9-97.9% and 64.5-99.7%, the prevention effects of the mesotrione and the flucarbazone on 4 weeds are remarkably improved, the better prevention and removal effects on insensitive weeds are also shown, the weed killing spectrum is enlarged, and the combined effect effects are all more than 10%, and belong to synergistic effects (Table 1).

2. Weeding and safety test for mesotrione-flumetsulam Long Limai field

The herbicides prepared in examples 2, 4, 6, 8 were used in this test; the control medicament is a commercially available 40wt% of triclopyr water dispersible granule (limited company of agricultural hormone engineering technology research center in Jiangsu province) and 50wt% of flucarbazone water dispersible granule (limited company of agricultural hormone engineering technology research center in Jiangsu province); the quinoa variety is "Yanchen No. 1", and the test site is Guyuan county stone pit village in Hebei province.

Before quinoa is planted, the land is cleaned up, deep ploughing is performed, the ploughing depth is 20cm, soil is thinned, soil moisture is flattened and preserved, and black mulching films are covered. Sowing quinoa seeds by dibbling, wherein the sowing depth is 2cm, the row spacing is 35cm, the plant spacing is 20cm, and the sowing amount is 0.3 kg/mu. Before sowing, the fertilizer zinc humic acid (N-P ₂O₅-K₂ O18-18-18) in Shi Woer fields is 60 kg/mu, and when the seedlings of the Li wheat reach 8-9 true leaves, the fertilizer zinc humic acid is applied to 15 kg/mu. When the base fertilizer is sown, 15% of poison Xin Keli agent is mixed into the fertilizer for 4 kg/mu, so that the soil insects are prevented and controlled; after quinoa seedlings, spraying 8 mL/mu of 25% thiamethoxam emulsifiable concentrate and 30 mL/mu of 4.5% bifenthrin aqueous emulsion and 30 mL/mu of 20% acetamiprid soluble solution to prevent and treat the pests on the ground. The wettable powder of 75% chlorothalonil 500 times liquid, 69% enoyl manganese zinc 800 times liquid and 12.5% diniconazole 3000 times liquid are selected for spraying to prevent and treat downy mildew and leaf spot. The average density of weeds in a blank control area of the test field is 67 plants/m ², wherein the average density of weeds in the blank control area of the test field is 34.9 percent, the average density of weeds in the blank control area of the test field is 20.3 percent, the average density of weeds in the blank control area of the test field is 15.6 percent, the average density of weeds in the blank control area of the test field is 27.7 percent, and the density and the distribution of weeds in the test treatment area are uniform and consistent with those of the blank control area.

The field test is carried out in 3-5 leaf stage of quinoa and 2-5 leaf stage of weed, the liquid spraying amount is 40L/mu, the medicine applying device is an HD400 knapsack sprayer produced by Singapore private company, the spray head is a fan-shaped spray head, 6 medicine treatments are arranged in quinoa field, blank control treatment and manual weeding treatment are additionally arranged, the treatment area is 20m ², three times of repetition and random granule arrangement are carried out, and the medicine and the dosage of each medicine treatment are respectively shown in Table 2.

After the medicine is taken, the fresh weight of the overground part of 1m ² weeds is measured in each treatment, the fresh weight control effect of the medicine on the weeds is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows: fresh weed weight control (%) = (fresh weed weight in control area-fresh weed weight in treatment area) ×100%/fresh weed weight in control area.

And (5) carrying out district yield measurement when quinoa is harvested.

TABLE 2 herbicidal effect on weeds in quinoa fields

The test results show that the dispersible oil suspending agent of 20% of the mesotrione-flucarbazone, 33% of the wettable powder of the mesotrione-flucarbazone, 56% of the water dispersible granule of the mesotrione-flucarbazone, and 270g/hm ² of the emulsifiable concentrate of 64% of the mesotrione-flucarbazone (examples 2, 4,6 and 8) have excellent control effect on weeds in quinoa fields, the total fresh weight control effect of 21d after the pesticide on the weeds is more than 90%, and the control effect is obviously better than that of the use of the mesotrione and the flucarbazone Long Shan (Table 2).

TABLE 3 Effect of herbicides on quinoa yield

After the treatment of the triclopyr and the flucarbazone sodium, the quinoa grows normally and has no phytotoxicity symptoms, and the yield measurement result at the time of harvest shows that the method is obviously superior to the control medicament and the blank control treatment and has no obvious difference from the manual weeding treatment (table 3).

Claims

1. A herbicide contains the active components of tricresyl ketone and flucarbazone.

2. The herbicide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the mesotrione to the flucarbazone is 5:1-60:1.

3. The herbicide according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the mesotrione to the flucarbazone is 5:1-50:1.

4. A herbicide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the herbicide is used for quinoa fields.

5. The herbicide according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the herbicide is wettable powder, water dispersible granules, emulsifiable concentrate or dispersible oil suspending agent.

6. The herbicide of claim 5, wherein: the mass of the triclopyr and the flucarbazone accounts for 10-90% of the total mass of the herbicide.

7. Use of the herbicide according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for controlling weeds in fields.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the application of the herbicide in preventing and killing weeds in quinoa fields.

9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the weeds are at least one of quinoa, amaranthus retroflexus, green bristlegrass and wild oat.

10. A method for controlling weeds in quinoa field, comprising the steps of:

The herbicide of any one of claims 1-6 is diluted with water and then sprayed on the quinoa 3-5 leaf stage field.