CN113110668A - High-precision constant current source system - Google Patents
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- CN113110668A CN113110668A CN202110403896.8A CN202110403896A CN113110668A CN 113110668 A CN113110668 A CN 113110668A CN 202110403896 A CN202110403896 A CN 202110403896A CN 113110668 A CN113110668 A CN 113110668A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision constant current source system, which comprises a single chip microcomputer module, a constant current source switch module, an output current control module, a short-circuit protection module and a voltage reference module, wherein the single chip microcomputer module is connected with the output current control module; the singlechip module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for outputting an enabling signal to the constant current source switch module; the constant current source switch module is used for controlling the on-off state of the high-precision constant current source system according to the enabling signal output by the single chip microcomputer module; the output current control module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for controlling the output current of the high-precision constant current source system; the short-circuit protection module is respectively electrically connected with the output current control module and the load anode and is used for preventing the high-precision constant current source system from being damaged due to reverse connection of the load; the voltage reference module is electrically connected with the output current control module and is used for providing stable voltage for the high-precision constant current source system. The invention adopts the mode of controlling the constant current source by the singlechip, so that the constant current source has two states of working and closing, and the whole power consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a high-precision constant current source system.
Background
The sensor is a detection device which can sense the measured information and convert the sensed information into an electric signal or other information in a required form according to a certain rule to output so as to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording, control and the like. With the rapid development of modern technologies, the demand on the sensor is increased rapidly, and the power supply modes of the sensor are more and more, wherein the constant current source can stabilize the working environment of the sensor, so that the data collected by the sensor is stable, and the power supply modes of the sensor with the constant current source are increased gradually.
At present, the accuracy of external data acquisition of an automobile sensor is higher and higher, and the accuracy of power supply equipment of the automobile sensor is also required to be higher and higher. However, the environment of the equipment on the automobile is complex, and not only the equipment can be tested at high and low temperatures, but also the equipment needs to resist factors such as electromagnetic interference, noise and the like, so that the structure of the constant current source power supply system is not too complex, and the safety and stability are high. In addition, in order to meet the safety standard of the automobile electronic equipment, the constant current source is designed in consideration that the constant current source cannot be lost due to the short circuit of the sensor, and the circuit can still be normally used after the short circuit is removed.
In the electronic equipment in the prior art, most of the constant current sources are built by discrete components such as simple triodes, voltage-regulator tubes, resistors and the like, and the base voltage of the triodes is used as a reference. Generally, a fixed level is provided by a voltage division or potentiometer mode of two resistors, then the constant current source output is realized by an operational amplifier closed loop control triode, the triode works in an amplification area, and a load is connected with the drain electrode of the triode. According to design requirements, two voltage dividing resistors are well configured during production of electronic products, and the magnitude of output current is determined by the voltage dividing level. When different application requirements are met, the output current of the operational amplifier is adjustable.
In the prior art, the constant current source is constructed by the triode and the voltage stabilizing tube, the leakage current is large, the output current is greatly influenced by temperature change, and the stability of the sensor can be influenced. The constant current source constructed by the operational amplifier and the triode is seriously influenced by the cost of the operational amplifier and can not be used under the condition of insufficient budget.
Meanwhile, in the actual use process, as one end of the load is connected with a power supply end and the other end is directly connected with the drain electrode of the triode, necessary protection is not carried out. When the load is directly short-circuited to the negative electrode of the battery, the load can be directly burnt; when the output end of the constant current source is directly short-circuited to the anode of the battery, the triode and the current-limiting resistor in the constant current source can be heated and burnt. In addition, the common constant current source in the prior art is not in a closed state and is always in a working state, so that the overall power consumption of the equipment is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The present specification provides a high precision constant current source system for overcoming at least one of the problems in the prior art.
According to the embodiment of the specification, a high-precision constant current source system is provided, and comprises a single chip microcomputer module, a constant current source switch module, an output current control module, a short-circuit protection module and a voltage reference module;
the single chip microcomputer module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for outputting an enabling signal to the constant current source switch module; the constant current source switch module is used for controlling the on-off state of the high-precision constant current source system according to the enabling signal output by the single chip microcomputer module; the output current control module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for controlling the output current of the high-precision constant current source system; the short-circuit protection module is respectively electrically connected with the output current control module and the anode of the load and is used for preventing the high-precision constant current source system from being damaged due to reverse connection of the load; and the voltage reference module is electrically connected with the output current control module and is used for providing stable voltage for the high-precision constant current source system.
Optionally, the constant current source switch module includes a constant current source switch circuit; the constant current source switching circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a MOS transistor Q1; one end of the resistor R1 is an enable signal EN output by the singlechip module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q1; two ends of the resistor R2 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q1; the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is a load constant current source negative terminal interface G _ R _ OLS, and the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is grounded.
Further optionally, the voltage reference module comprises a voltage reference U1; the voltage reference U1 is a parallel type voltage reference.
Still further optionally, the voltage reference U1 is model LM 4041-N-Q1.
Still further optionally, the output current control module comprises an output current control circuit; the output current control circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6; one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the resistor R4 and the No. 3 pin of the voltage reference U1; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q2; the No. 2 pin of the voltage reference U1 is connected with one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the No. 1 pin of the voltage reference U1 and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2; the resistor R6 is connected in parallel with the resistor R5.
Still further optionally, the output current control circuit further comprises a capacitor C1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the No. 2 pin of the voltage reference U1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.
Still further optionally, the output current control circuit further includes a resistor R7; two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q2.
Still further optionally, the MOS transistor Q2 is a PMOS transistor.
Still further optionally, the short-circuit protection module comprises a diode D1; the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2, and the cathode of the diode D1 is a load constant current source positive terminal interface I _ a _ OLS.
Further optionally, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are high-precision resistors, and the precision of the resistors is 0.5%.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the specification are as follows:
the mode that the singlechip controls the constant current source is adopted, so that the constant current source has two states of working and closing, the software is used for starting and closing the constant current source, the problem that the standby shutdown cannot be realized in the prior art is solved, the overall power consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the energy is saved. Short-circuit protection and reverse connection protection are realized by using the short-circuit protection module, so that the high-precision constant current source system has a hardware protection function of outputting short circuits to 0V and 32V. In addition, the high-precision constant current source system is simple in design structure and low in cost, has the function of filtering high-frequency noise interference, and solves the problem that the temperature drift influences the output of the constant current source in the prior art because the output current is not obviously fluctuated by the temperature change.
The innovation points of the embodiment of the specification comprise:
1. in this embodiment, a mode that the constant current source is controlled by the single chip microcomputer is adopted, so that the constant current source has two states of working and closing, software is enabled to turn on and turn off the constant current source, the problem that standby turn-off cannot be achieved in the prior art is solved, the overall power consumption of the device is reduced, energy is saved, and the constant current source control method is one of innovation points of the embodiment of the specification.
2. In this embodiment, short-circuit protection and reverse connection protection are implemented by using the short-circuit protection module, so that the high-precision constant current source system has a hardware protection function of outputting short circuits to 0V and 32V, and the problem that short-circuit protection cannot be performed in the prior art is solved.
3. In this embodiment, through the design of the whole circuit structure, a circuit with a simple structure and a function of filtering high-frequency noise interference is realized, and the problems of high cost and complex circuit structure of the prior art are solved, which is one of the innovative points of the embodiments of this specification.
4. In this embodiment, through the whole circuit structure, the fluctuation of the output current caused by the temperature change is not obvious, and the problem that the temperature drift affects the output of the constant current source in the prior art is solved, which is one of the innovative points of the embodiments of the present specification.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a high-precision constant current source system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-precision constant current source system provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present specification and the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiment of the specification discloses a high-precision constant current source system. The following are detailed below.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a high-precision constant current source system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the high-precision constant current source system includes a single chip microcomputer module 1, a constant current source switch module 2, an output current control module 3, a short-circuit protection module 4, and a voltage reference module 5. Specifically, the single chip microcomputer module 1 is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module 2; the output current control module 3 is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module 2; the short-circuit protection module 4 is respectively electrically connected with the output current control module 3 and the anode of the load 6; the voltage reference module 5 is electrically connected with the output current control module 3; the constant current source switch module 2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the load 6.
The single chip microcomputer module 1 is used for outputting an enabling signal to the constant current source switch module 2. In the embodiment, the constant current source is controlled by introducing the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, so that the constant current source of the high-precision constant current source system realizes the opening and closing of software and has two states of working and closing. When the constant current source works, the singlechip module 1 controls the constant current source switch module 2 through outputting an enabling signal, and then starts the constant current source to work in a working state; when the constant current source is not needed to operate, the constant current source is in a closed state, the overall power consumption of the equipment is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved.
The constant current source switch module 2 is used for controlling the on-off state of the high-precision constant current source system according to the enabling signal output by the singlechip module 1; the output current control module 3 is used for controlling the output current of the high-precision constant current source system; the voltage reference module 5 is used for providing stable voltage for the high-precision constant current source system. In this embodiment, a voltage reference module 5 provides a stable voltage for the constant current source, a constant current source switch module 2 is used to turn on and off the constant current source, and an output current control module 3 is used to adjust the magnitude of the output current of the constant current source to meet different application requirements.
The short-circuit protection module 4 is used for preventing the load 6 from being reversely connected to cause the damage of the high-precision constant current source system, so that the constant current source circuit can realize the short-circuit protection function in time through hardware, and further the constant current source circuit is well protected.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-precision constant current source system can be arranged in a diesel engine controller, an automobile sensor adopts a power supply mode of the high-precision constant current source system, the load is a sensor, the constant current source has two states of working and closing, standby shutoff can be realized, the power consumption of equipment is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the constant current source has the functions of reverse connection prevention, short circuit protection and high-frequency noise interference filtering, the fluctuation of output current due to temperature change is not obvious, the stability of the sensor is improved, and the sensor can still normally work in an extremely-low and extremely-high temperature environment.
In one implementation of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the constant current source switch module 2 includes a constant current source switch circuit, and the constant current source switch circuit controls the on and off of the constant current source. Specifically, the constant current source switching circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a MOS transistor Q1, wherein one end of the resistor R1 is an enable signal EN output by the single chip microcomputer module 1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a gate of the MOS transistor Q1; two ends of the resistor R2 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q1; the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is the load 6 constant current source negative terminal interface G _ R _ OLS, and the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is grounded. Preferably, the MOS transistor Q1 is an NMOS transistor.
The resistor R1 is a base resistor, and reduces the Q value of the resonant circuit, so that the resonance phenomenon of the inductor and the capacitor is weakened as soon as possible. The resistor R2 is a bleeder resistor, and when no control signal is provided, the gate and source voltages of the MOS transistor Q1 are kept consistent, and the gate and source of the MOS transistor Q1 are protected from electrostatic breakdown. The single chip microcomputer module 1 controls the on and off of the MOS tube Q1 by controlling the grid voltage Ub of the MOS tube Q1, and further controls the on and off of the constant current source.
The voltage reference module 5 includes a voltage reference U1, the voltage reference U1 is a parallel voltage reference that provides a stable voltage for the constant current source. Due to the complexity of the working environment of the automobile, the voltage reference U1 is preferably a parallel voltage reference with the model number LM 4041-N-Q1, the working temperature is-40-125 ℃, the error precision of the initial reference voltage is +/-0.5%, the AEC Q-100 requirement is met, and the packaging model number is S0T-23. Thereby ensuring that the sensor can still normally work under the environment of extremely low and high temperature.
The output current control module 3 comprises an output current control circuit, the output current of the constant current source is controlled by the output current control circuit, the output current control circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C1 and a resistor R7, in detail, one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with a pin 3 of the resistor R4 and a pin 3 of the voltage reference U1 respectively; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q2; pin 2 of the voltage reference U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with a No. 1 pin of a voltage reference U1 and a source electrode of a MOS transistor Q2; the resistor R6 is connected with the resistor R5 in parallel; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a No. 2 pin of the voltage reference U1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively connected with the gate and the source of the MOS transistor Q2. The MOS transistor Q2 is a PMOS transistor.
The output current of the constant current source is controlled by a MOS tube Q2. Resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor that limits the output current of voltage reference U1. The resistor R7 is a bleeder resistor, which discharges a small amount of static electricity between the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q2, when no control signal is provided, the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q2 are kept consistent, the grid and the source are protected from electrostatic breakdown, the malfunction of the MOS transistor Q2 is prevented, a bias voltage is provided for the MOS transistor Q2, a fixed bias is provided, and when a front-stage circuit is opened, the effective turn-off of the MOS transistor Q2 is ensured. The capacitor C1 can provide a stable input voltage, and can filter out high-frequency components coupled during operation, and plays a role in filtering out high-frequency noise interference at the power supply end.
The resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are high-precision resistors, the resistor precision is 0.5%, and accurate current is provided for the constant current source. Because the voltage values at the two ends of the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the voltage reference U1 are fixed values, the output current of the constant current source is controlled by the resistor R5, and the resistor R6 can weld resistors with different resistance values according to different requirements, so that the purpose of changing the output current is achieved.
In addition, because the temperature drift of β of the MOS transistor Q2 is greatly affected by temperature, which may cause inaccurate current to be supplied, the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 connected in series with R4 in this embodiment may reduce the Q value of the resonant circuit, so that the resonance phenomenon of the inductor and the capacitor may be weakened as soon as possible, thereby preventing the generation of oscillation waveforms during the switching process of the MOSFET and ensuring that the MOS transistor Q2 may respond quickly when the current changes.
In this embodiment, the sensor is connected to the constant current source circuit through the load 6 constant current source positive terminal interface I _ a _ OLS and the load 6 constant current source negative terminal interface G _ R _ OLS, and when the current supplied by the constant current source decreases, the voltage of the pin No. 1 of the voltage reference U1 with respect to the ground potential increases, the currents of the pin No. 2 and pin No. 3 of the voltage reference U1 decrease, the voltage at the intersection of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 decreases, the voltage difference between the source and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2 increases, and the constant current source current increases.
The short-circuit protection module 4 includes a diode D1, specifically, an anode of the diode D1 is connected to a drain of the MOS transistor Q2, and a cathode of the diode D1 is a positive terminal interface I _ a _ OLS of the load 6 constant current source. According to the embodiment of the invention, the high-side output of the constant current source in the high-precision constant current source system realizes short-circuit protection through the diode D1, so that the high-precision constant current source system is prevented from being burnt out by reverse connection of the sensor, and the protection effect is achieved. When the sensor is short-circuited to 32V, the diode D1 works in a reverse cut-off region, current cannot flow to the MOS tube Q2 through the diode D1, and in addition, when the constant current source output anode is short-circuited to 0V, the constant current source circuit can also realize a protection function through hardware in time, so that the constant current source circuit is well protected.
To sum up, this specification discloses a high accuracy constant current source system, adopts the mode of singlechip control constant current source for the constant current source has work, closes two kinds of states, has realized that software opens and closes the constant current source, has solved the problem that can't realize the standby turn-off among the prior art, has reduced the whole consumption of equipment, the energy saving. Short-circuit protection and reverse connection protection are realized by using the short-circuit protection module, so that the high-precision constant current source system has a hardware protection function of outputting short circuits to 0V and 32V. In addition, the high-precision constant current source system is simple in design structure and low in cost, has the function of filtering high-frequency noise interference, and solves the problem that the temperature drift influences the output of the constant current source in the prior art because the output current is not obviously fluctuated by the temperature change.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modules in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be located in one or more devices different from the embodiments with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments may be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-precision constant current source system is characterized by comprising a single chip microcomputer module, a constant current source switch module, an output current control module, a short-circuit protection module and a voltage reference module;
the single chip microcomputer module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for outputting an enabling signal to the constant current source switch module; the constant current source switch module is used for controlling the on-off state of the high-precision constant current source system according to the enabling signal output by the single chip microcomputer module; the output current control module is electrically connected with the constant current source switch module and is used for controlling the output current of the high-precision constant current source system; the short-circuit protection module is respectively electrically connected with the output current control module and the anode of the load and is used for preventing the high-precision constant current source system from being damaged due to reverse connection of the load; and the voltage reference module is electrically connected with the output current control module and is used for providing stable voltage for the high-precision constant current source system.
2. The high-precision constant current source system according to claim 1, wherein the constant current source switch module includes a constant current source switch circuit; the constant current source switching circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a MOS transistor Q1; one end of the resistor R1 is an enable signal EN output by the singlechip module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the grid of the MOS transistor Q1; two ends of the resistor R2 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q1; the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is a load constant current source negative terminal interface G _ R _ OLS, and the source of the MOS transistor Q1 is grounded.
3. The high precision constant current source system of claim 2, wherein the voltage reference module comprises a voltage reference U1; the voltage reference U1 is a parallel type voltage reference.
4. The high-precision constant current source system according to claim 3, wherein the output current control module includes an output current control circuit; the output current control circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6; one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with the resistor R4 and the No. 3 pin of the voltage reference U1; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q2; the No. 2 pin of the voltage reference U1 is connected with one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the No. 1 pin of the voltage reference U1 and the source electrode of the MOS transistor Q2; the resistor R6 is connected in parallel with the resistor R5.
5. The high precision constant current source system according to claim 4, wherein said output current control circuit further comprises a capacitor C1; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the No. 2 pin of the voltage reference U1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.
6. The high-precision constant current source system according to claim 4, wherein said output current control circuit further comprises a resistor R7; two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively connected with the grid and the source of the MOS transistor Q2.
7. The high-precision constant current source system according to claim 4, wherein the MOS transistor Q2 is a PMOS transistor.
8. The high precision constant current source system of claim 4, wherein the short circuit protection module comprises a diode D1; the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2, and the cathode of the diode D1 is a load constant current source positive terminal interface I _ a _ OLS.
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| CN111064401A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江理工大学 | High-precision voltage-regulating constant-current source system suitable for strong inductive load |
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