CN111064401A - High-precision voltage-regulating constant-current source system suitable for strong inductive load - Google Patents
High-precision voltage-regulating constant-current source system suitable for strong inductive load Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/298—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature and field supplies
- H02P7/2985—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature and field supplies whereby the speed is regulated by measuring the motor speed and comparing it with a given physical value
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load, which comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), an AD/DA (analog-to-digital) module, a switching power supply, a constant current source circuit, a compensation capacitor C and a feedback divider resistor; the MCU is connected with the DA module and used for generating a reference voltage signal; the DA module is connected with the constant current source circuit and is used for converting the reference voltage signal into a current signal through the constant current source circuit; the constant current source circuit is internally provided with a high-precision sampling resistor which is connected with the AD module and used for converting a current signal into a measurement voltage signal through the high-precision sampling resistor and then sending the measurement voltage signal to the AD module for analog-to-digital conversion; the compensation capacitor C is respectively connected with the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor and is used for compensating the loop phase formed by the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor; the switching power supply is connected with the feedback divider resistor, the switching power supply is connected with the constant current source circuit, and the switching circuit maintains the voltage of the source electrode of the adjusting tube of the constant current source circuit to be constant through the feedback divider resistor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of direct current motor drivers, and particularly relates to a high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load.
Background
In the field of industrial control, the precision and stability of a constant current source are the key points for measuring the performance of a system. High performance programmable constant current sources will be used more and more widely in the future. The research mainly aims at the problems that a wide-range and high-precision constant current source in the current market is high in price, large in size, large in power consumption and not suitable for a strong inductive load for the most part, and cannot meet the requirement of a driving motor coil. Therefore, on the basis of the circuit of the basic constant current source, through continuous improvement and improvement, the program-controlled current source which has high precision and wide dynamic range and is provided for strong inductive loads such as an industrial excitation coil and the like is further designed. In a test system, a current mode operational amplifier is often used to output a given current. Although the precision can reach the uA level or even the nA level, the dynamic adjusting range is too narrow and generally does not exceed 100 mA. In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the output current, the circuit is generally provided with a large-area radiator and a large-area PCB, and is not suitable for embedded portable equipment and the like. For the excitation coil and the inductive load, the dynamic range of the current generally exceeds 2.5A, the output voltage exceeds 50V, and the stability is in the level of 10-3, so that the competitive power is achieved. Furthermore, most precision constant current sources on the market are not perfectly adapted to inductive loads. When carrying an inductive load, its accuracy level cannot reach its precision. The strong inductive load can cause the instability of the system due to the current hysteresis, because the voltage of the reverse input end of the operational amplifier is also delayed, so that the high-frequency phase shift of a feedback loop is increased, and the self-oscillation is caused.
In view of the above technical problems, it is desirable to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load comprises an MCU, an AD/DA module, a switching power supply, a constant current source circuit, a compensation capacitor C and a feedback divider resistor; the MCU is connected with the DA module and used for generating a reference voltage signal; the DA module is connected with the constant current source circuit and is used for converting the reference voltage signal into a current signal through the constant current source circuit; the constant current source circuit is internally provided with a high-precision sampling resistor, and the high-precision sampling resistor is connected with the AD module and used for converting a current signal into a measurement voltage signal through the high-precision sampling resistor and then sending the measurement voltage signal to the AD module for analog-to-digital conversion; the compensation capacitor C is respectively connected with the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor and is used for compensating the loop phase formed by the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor; the switching power supply is connected with the feedback divider resistor, the switching power supply is connected with the constant current source circuit, and the switching circuit maintains the voltage of the source electrode of the adjusting tube of the constant current source circuit to be constant through the feedback divider resistor.
Preferably, the feedback voltage-dividing resistor comprises RFB1、RFB2。
Preferably, the constant current source circuit comprises a resistor R1 and a filter capacitor C1, and the resistor R1, the filter capacitor C1 and the compensation capacitor C cooperate to perform strong inductive load frequency network compensation.
Preferably, the AD/DA module includes an ADC chip and a DAC chip.
As a preferred scheme, the constant current source system further comprises a PC, the MCU communicates with the PC to perform timing serial port transceiving, receives PC program-controlled current data and transmits sampled current data, performs data interaction with the ADC chip and the DAC chip in a program, and displays actual program-controlled output current and a preset value through the OLED.
As a preferred scheme, the constant current source system is connected in series with an external load through a feedback voltage dividing resistor, and the external load is an inductive load, and includes: excitation coil, linear electric motor, voice coil motor.
Preferably, the constant current source system further comprises a calibration offset reduction voltage module, wherein the calibration offset reduction voltage module comprises a sliding rheostat W1 and integral modulation, and the integral modulation comprises an integral link formed by a resistor R17 and a capacitor C29.
Preferably, the high-precision sampling resistor is a high-precision low-temperature drift resistor and comprises a sampling resistor R21 and a sampling resistor R22, and the roots of the sampling resistor R21 and the sampling resistor R22 are sampling points.
Preferably, the constant current source system further comprises a linear power supply and an electrical isolation module, wherein the linear power supply is used for providing electric energy for the MCU, the electrical isolation module, the AD/DA module and the operational amplifier in the constant current source circuit.
Preferably, the ground wires of the modules of the constant current source system are designed separately, and the common ground is carried out at the root of the power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) aiming at the problems that in the application of 2.5A and above, the power consumption of a constant current source circuit is large and the precision is generally low due to the restriction of the precision of a power device and a control method, the constant current source circuit can enable the driving capability of the constant current source to reach 3A, the output voltage range to reach 50V and the ampere-level overall conversion efficiency to be more than 80 percent based on the constant current drive control technology of voltage regulating type series voltage negative feedback. Meanwhile, the output precision reaches 1% FSR, the power consumption is extremely low, and the dynamic range of the constant current source output is wide.
(2) The dynamic range of the current of the invention can reach 3A, and the invention can be applied to high-precision driving occasions, in particular to application occasions requiring large current range and high precision, such as motor driving and servo system driving, and has very wide market application prospect.
(3) The invention adopts a direct feedback mode of a precision resistor, avoids the influence caused by gain error and offset voltage of the operational amplifier, and avoids the problem of reduced constant current control precision caused by shunt of a sampling feedback loop.
(4) The invention introduces a phase compensation feedback network, increases the phase margin of the constant current source and improves the control stability of the inductive load of the constant current source.
(5) The invention reduces the influence of mutual noise crosstalk between a power circuit and a signal circuit by distributing each power ground and a signal ground separately so as to approach the same ground.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an overall system of a high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a high-sensitivity load according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a constant current source circuit of a high-precision voltage-regulated constant current source system suitable for a high-inductive load according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an overall circuit diagram of a high-precision voltage-regulated constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the output current stability of the high-precision voltage-regulated constant current source system suitable for the high-inductance load according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a step response of an output current of a high-precision voltage-regulated constant current source system suitable for a high-inductance load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load in this embodiment can make the driving capability of the constant current source reach 3A, the output voltage reach 50V at most, and the output precision reaches 1% based on the parallel technology of the voltage-current double closed-loop voltage-regulating circuit, the regulating tube, and the resistor. Meanwhile, the area of the PCB is only 128mm by 80mm, and the ampere-level efficiency exceeds 80%. In addition, the frequency characteristic is changed by connecting the compensation capacitor C in parallel, the problem that self-oscillation easily occurs to a strong inductive load is solved, the phase margin of the constant current source system is improved, and therefore the stability of the system is improved.
The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a linear power supply, an MCU, an electrical isolation module, an AD/DA module, a switching power supply, a constant current source circuit, a compensation capacitor C and a feedback divider resistor. The MCU is connected with the DA module, the DA module is connected with the constant current source circuit,the constant current source circuit is connected with the AD module, the compensation capacitor C is respectively connected with the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor, the switching power supply is connected with the constant current source circuit, and the linear power supply is connected with the MCU, the AD/DA module and the constant current source circuit; wherein, have high accuracy sampling resistance in the constant current source circuit, high accuracy sampling resistance is connected with the AD module. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the MCU is communicated with the DA module to perform analog-to-digital conversion, and a reference voltage signal is generated. The voltage signal is converted into a current signal by a constant current source circuit. The current signal is converted into a measuring voltage signal through a high-precision sampling resistor in the constant current source circuit, the measuring voltage signal is sent to the AD module for analog-to-digital conversion, and the MCU is communicated with the AD module to display the value of the current signal. The AD/DA module comprises an ADC chip and a DAC chip. The compensation capacitor C is used as inductive load frequency compensation to compensate the loop phase of the whole system. The switch power supply is connected with the power supply through a feedback divider resistor RFB1、RFB2The voltage of the source electrode of the adjusting tube of the constant current source circuit is kept constant, so that the power consumption of the constant current source is kept at a lower value. The linear power supply supplies power to the MCU, the electrical isolation module, the AD/DA module and the operational amplifier in the constant current source circuit, and the switching power supply feeds back a divider resistor RFB1、RFB2And maintaining the voltage of the source electrode of the adjusting tube of the constant current source circuit to be constant. Pin FB through RFB1And RFB2The feedback resistor is provided with R for dividing voltage and feedback adjusting the source voltage of the transistor so that the current flowing through the resistor is small and the load does not rotateFB1＝20kΩ，R FB210k Ω. According to UFBWhen the output current value is 0.8V, a minimum output current value of 80uA is obtained. The constant current source system is connected with an external load in series through a feedback voltage-dividing resistor, the external load is an inductive load, and the inductive load comprises one or more of an excitation coil, a linear motor and a voice coil motor.
The constant current source circuit comprises a resistor R1 and a filter capacitor C1, and the compensation capacitor C, the resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C1 form strong inductive load frequency network compensation. When the frequency of the compensated load impedance mode is more than 1kHz, the load impedance mode is less than direct current impedance, and the high-frequency noise resistance of the system is strong. The phase will appear advanced by about 150 at low frequencies°. And the larger the compensation capacitor C is, the smaller the fluctuation of the relative impedance value is, so the value of the compensation capacitor C is selected to be 470 uF. And select low textureThe wave DC-DC circuit reduces the capacitance shunt condition.
When the signal is input, the MCU is communicated with the DAC (the range is 0-65535) to perform digital-to-analog conversion to obtain a reference voltage signal, and then the constant current source circuit is used for performing voltage-to-current conversion (V)ref＝IoutRsense). The MCU realizes the functions of receiving and transmitting the timed serial port, receiving the program-controlled current data of the PC and transmitting the sampled current data. And performing data interaction with the ADC chip and the DAC chip in a program, and displaying the actual programmed output current and a preset value by the OLED.
The constant current source circuit samples the load and floats the ground and connects the negative feedback structure of the voltage in series, its device is few and simple in construction, and it is easy to set up the feedback point. A precise operational amplifier outputs the compared voltage signal to the adjusting tube, the voltage signal is converted into a current signal through the current amplification capacity of the adjusting tube, and the current signal flows through the sampling precise resistor to generate an actual voltage signal which is fed back to the input end of the operational amplifier.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the constant current driving system of this embodiment, the schematic diagram includes a power circuit composed of LM7815, LM7915, and LM 7805; the constant current source circuit is composed of LM5117 core chip, in which MOSFET is selected from switch tube CSD19536KCS, and current feedback is used with I2The ADS1114 chip of C is used for carrying out differential sampling on the voltages at the two ends of the sampling resistor, feeding back the voltages to the control chip LM5117 for constant current regulation, and controlling the voltage of the whole circuit through two feedback divider resistors connected with the load in series. The design concept of the present embodiment is explained in conjunction with the figure as follows:
the W1 slide rheostat is used for calibrating and reducing offset voltage initially, and meanwhile, an integral link R17 and an integral link C29 are added to improve the adjusting precision, the slide rheostat W1 and integral modulation form a module for calibrating and reducing offset voltage, and the design idea of the traditional constant current source system is that a power amplifier is directly adopted to carry out error feedback adjustment, so that the adjusting control precision is low.
The design realization thinking of high accuracy sampling resistor is for floating sampling resistor R21, R22 through high accuracy low temperature and sampling load current and sampling, keeps apart the signal at sampling resistor both ends through AD input high impedance, avoids reducing the constant current output precision owing to gather the circuit reposition of redundant personnel, should get the sampling point at sampling resistor R21, R22 root in the PCB design in addition, reduces because PCB walks the precision loss that the line impedance arouses.
The design idea of the compensation capacitor C is to perform phase compensation on loop phase deviation caused by the inductive load, so that the problem of output oscillation caused by insufficient loop phase margin is solved, and the constant current driving system can well drive the inductive load.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, a circuit diagram is implemented for the constant current source circuit of the present embodiment, where R issenseThe sampling resistors R21 and R22 in fig. 3, namely the high-precision sampling resistor.
In order to ensure the performance of the constant current driving system, the parameter matching relationship of each module preferably meets the following requirements:
the constant current drive output and the control ground wire are separately designed, and the common ground is carried out at the root of the power supply, so that the output current precision is prevented from being influenced by the output crosstalk.
The performance of the constant current driving system is tested by a developed constant current driving system prototype, a measurement result is output for the stability of high-precision constant current for nearly 2 minutes, the abscissa is time, the unit is time/50s, 1 unit is 50s, the ordinate is output current of the constant current driving system, the unit is ampere, the maximum deviation of the total output current after electrification is 5mA, and the precision is 0.2% FSR.
In summary, after the driving capability of the conventional constant current source reaches the ampere level, the constant current precision of the conventional constant current source can only reach 1%, so that the constant current control requirements of a wide dynamic range and high precision are met, and meanwhile, a phase compensation feedback network is introduced to better adapt to driving of the inductive load, so that the phase margin of the constant current source is increased, the control stability of the inductive load of the constant current source is improved, and the constant current driving system of the embodiment can well drive the inductive motor load. Through the separate wiring of each power ground and each signal ground, the near common ground and the separate design of the multiple paths of ground wires, the problem of crosstalk between output signals of constant current driving is avoided, and the precision of the constant current driving system is further improved.
The embodiment adopts a voltage and current double closed-loop control strategy based on a series voltage negative feedback amplification technology and a voltage reduction circuit, so that the dynamic range of the constant current source is greatly improved. In the embodiment, a phase compensation feedback network is introduced, so that the phase margin of the constant current source is increased, and the control stability of the inductive load of the constant current source is improved. The power ground and the signal ground are separately wired and are nearby and common, so that the problem of crosstalk between the output and the analog signal is avoided.
The invention is suitable for high-precision driving occasions, in particular to application occasions requiring large current range and high precision, such as motor driving and servo system driving, and has very wide market application prospect.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-precision voltage-regulating constant current source system suitable for a strong inductive load is characterized by comprising an MCU, an AD/DA module, a switching power supply, a constant current source circuit, a compensation capacitor C and a feedback divider resistor; the MCU is connected with the DA module and used for generating a reference voltage signal; the DA module is connected with the constant current source circuit and is used for converting the reference voltage signal into a current signal through the constant current source circuit; the constant current source circuit is internally provided with a high-precision sampling resistor, and the high-precision sampling resistor is connected with the AD module and used for converting a current signal into a measurement voltage signal through the high-precision sampling resistor and then sending the measurement voltage signal to the AD module for analog-to-digital conversion; the compensation capacitor C is respectively connected with the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor and is used for compensating the loop phase formed by the switching power supply, the constant current source circuit and the feedback divider resistor; the switching power supply is connected with the feedback divider resistor, the switching power supply is connected with the constant current source circuit, and the switching circuit maintains the voltage of the source electrode of the adjusting tube of the constant current source circuit to be constant through the feedback divider resistor.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the feedback divider resistor comprises a resistor RFB1Resistance RFB2。
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the constant current source circuit comprises a resistor R1, a filter capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a filter capacitor C1, and a compensation capacitor C for compensating the frequency of the inductive load.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the AD/DA module comprises an ADC chip and a DAC chip.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the MCU communicates with the PC for timed serial port transceiving, receives PC program-controlled current data and sends sampled current data, and interacts with the ADC chip and the DAC chip.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the constant current source system is connected in series with an external load through a feedback divider resistor, and the external load is an inductive load.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a calibration offset reduction voltage module, wherein the calibration offset reduction voltage module comprises a sliding rheostat W1 and an integral modulation, and the integral modulation comprises an integral element consisting of a resistor R17 and a capacitor C29.
8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-precision sampling resistor is a high-precision low-temperature drift resistor, and the root of the high-precision sampling resistor is a sampling point.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the constant current source system further comprises a linear power supply and an electrical isolation module, wherein the linear power supply is used for supplying power to the MCU, the electrical isolation module, the AD/DA module and the operational amplifier in the constant current source circuit.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the ground lines of the modules of the constant current source system are separately designed and are grounded at the root of the power source.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113110668A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 常州易控汽车电子股份有限公司 | High-precision constant current source system |
| CN117193457A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-08 | 河南百合特种光学研究院有限公司 | Method for rapidly calibrating multi-channel DC-DC adjustable constant current source and output current thereof |
| CN117214661A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-12-12 | 无锡市晶源微电子股份有限公司 | Input offset voltage testing device for operational amplifier |
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2019
- 2019-12-20 CN CN201911323817.1A patent/CN111064401A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113110668A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 常州易控汽车电子股份有限公司 | High-precision constant current source system |
| CN117214661A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-12-12 | 无锡市晶源微电子股份有限公司 | Input offset voltage testing device for operational amplifier |
| CN117214661B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-04-19 | 无锡市晶源微电子股份有限公司 | Input offset voltage testing device for operational amplifier |
| CN117193457A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-08 | 河南百合特种光学研究院有限公司 | Method for rapidly calibrating multi-channel DC-DC adjustable constant current source and output current thereof |
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