CN113109176A - Jointed rock in-situ shear testing device and method for relaxation process detection - Google Patents
Jointed rock in-situ shear testing device and method for relaxation process detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN113109176A CN113109176A CN202110270905.0A CN202110270905A CN113109176A CN 113109176 A CN113109176 A CN 113109176A CN 202110270905 A CN202110270905 A CN 202110270905A CN 113109176 A CN113109176 A CN 113109176A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a jointed rock in-situ shear testing device and method for detecting a relaxation process, wherein the device comprises a test block, a wave velocity tester, vertical loading equipment, lateral shear equipment, two horizontal loading equipment and a cross beam, wherein the cross beam is arranged above the test block, and is connected with the upper surface of the test block through the vertical loading equipment; the periphery of three of the side surfaces of the test block is provided with pressure transmission plates, wherein two parallel side surfaces of the three side surfaces are connected with the pressure transmission plates corresponding to the two side surfaces through horizontal loading equipment, and the rest one side surface is connected with the pressure transmission plate corresponding to the side surface through lateral shearing equipment; the wave velocity tester detects the wave velocity of the test block. The shear strength obtained by the lateral shearing equipment effectively reflects the relation change of the relaxation and the wave velocity of the test block of the rock mass shear strength in the shearing process, thereby guiding the subsequent engineering design construction. The invention intuitively and quickly obtains the test block relaxation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a jointed rock in-situ shear testing device and method for detecting a relaxation process.
Background
The rock mass is a field in-situ shear test, and is widely applied to scientific research and engineering because the rock mass is suitable for in-situ shear strength test of various rock and soil mass materials. However, the conditions of the rock mass creating environment are complex, some simplifying assumptions have to be made in the general test, and the errors caused by the simplifying assumptions can also make the obtained parameters not ideal for representing the properties of the actual rock mass, especially when a large number of joint cracks exist in the rock mass. The development degree of the jointed crack in the rock mass affects the engineering mechanical property of the rock mass, and the change of the jointed crack of the rock mass is not easy to reflect in the test process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the relaxation process of the jointed crack of the rock mass cannot be mastered in real time in the test process of the traditional direct shear test device and the test method, the invention provides the jointed rock mass in-situ shear test device and the method for detecting the relaxation process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a jointed rock in-situ shear testing device for detecting a relaxation process comprises a test block, a wave velocity tester, vertical loading equipment, lateral shear equipment, two horizontal loading equipment and a cross beam, wherein the cross beam is arranged above the test block and is connected with the upper surface of the test block through the vertical loading equipment; the periphery of three of the side surfaces of the test block is provided with pressure transmission plates, wherein two parallel side surfaces of the three side surfaces are connected with the pressure transmission plates corresponding to the two side surfaces through horizontal loading equipment, and the rest one side surface is connected with the pressure transmission plate corresponding to the side surface through lateral shearing equipment; the wave velocity tester detects the wave velocity of the test block.
A first steel backing plate and a roller row are sequentially arranged between the vertical loading equipment and the upper surface of the test block, the roller row is flush with the upper surface of the test block, the roller row comprises a square iron frame and a plurality of steel balls, the steel balls are uniformly distributed in the square iron frame, and the diameter of each steel ball is 3 mm; the contact area between the first steel base plate and the roller row is larger than that between the vertical loading equipment and the first steel base plate.
The vertical loading equipment comprises a vertical loading force transfer column, a vertical loading jack and a vertical loading pressure gauge, wherein the upper end of the vertical loading jack is connected with the cross beam through the vertical loading force transfer column, and the lower end of the vertical loading jack is connected with the first steel base plate; the vertical loading pressure gauge is arranged on the vertical loading jack.
A first steel backing plate and a roller row are sequentially arranged between the horizontal loading equipment and the corresponding side face of the test block, the size of the roller row is the same as that of the first steel backing plate, and the roller row is positioned in the middle of the side face of the test block; the two horizontal loading devices have the same structure and comprise a horizontal loading force transmission column, a horizontal loading jack and a horizontal loading pressure gauge, wherein one end of the horizontal loading jack is connected with the first steel base plate through the horizontal loading force transmission column, and the other end of the horizontal loading jack is connected with the pressure transmission plate; the horizontal loading pressure gauge is arranged on the horizontal loading jack.
And a second steel base plate is arranged between the horizontal loading jack and the pressure transmission plate.
The lateral shearing equipment comprises a lateral shearing force transmission column, a lateral shearing jack and a lateral shearing pressure gauge, wherein the lateral shearing jack is connected with the lateral shearing force transmission column, and the lateral shearing pressure gauge is arranged on the lateral shearing jack; a second steel base plate is arranged between the lateral shearing jack and the pressure transmission plate, and a first steel base plate is arranged between the lateral shearing force transmission column and one side face corresponding to the test block.
The wave velocity tester at least comprises a host, a wave velocity test receiver and a wave velocity test transmitter, wherein the host is in electric signal connection with the wave velocity test receiver and the wave velocity test transmitter; the wave velocity test receiver and the wave velocity test emitter are symmetrically arranged on the upper parts of two side surfaces of the test block, and one side surface is a side surface connected with lateral shearing equipment.
A joint rock in-situ shear test method for relaxation process detection comprises the following specific steps:
step one, measuring the original wave velocity of a rock body through a wave velocity tester to obtain the original integrity of the rock body, then preparing a test block, mounting a wave velocity test receiver and a wave velocity test transmitter of the wave velocity tester on the test block, and continuously carrying out wave velocity test on the test block;
step two, loading the test block for multiple times through vertical loading equipment, wherein the loading load is gradually increased; when the difference between the normal displacements of two continuous loads is not more than 0.01mm, two horizontal loading devices are used for simultaneously carrying out multiple horizontal loads; when the integrity of the test block obtained by the wave velocity of the test block measured by the wave velocity tester is 5-10% different from the original integrity of the rock mass, the two horizontal loading devices keep a loading state;
thirdly, shearing the test block for multiple times through lateral shearing equipment, wherein the shearing loading load is gradually increased; the test was terminated when the shear deformation reached 10% of the side length of the test piece.
In the third step, when the shear deformation does not reach 10% of the side length of the test block, the test block deformation continues to increase and the shear stress cannot increase, the experiment is terminated; when the shear strain did not reach 10% of the side length of the test piece, the test was terminated when the shear strain of one of the test pieces increased sharply.
The interval between two adjacent loads is at least 5 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the action of lateral pressure into consideration, and compresses the structural surface of the test block in the rock body, which is opened due to unloading, so as to conform to the original structure of the rock body.
The invention reduces the stress of the test block to the original stress through wave velocity test. The invention controls the arbitrary occurrence environment of the simulation test block through the wave speed test legal result.
The shear strength obtained by the lateral shearing equipment effectively reflects the relation change of the relaxation and the wave velocity of the test block of the rock mass shear strength in the shearing process, thereby guiding the subsequent engineering design construction.
The following will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
In the figures, the reference numbers are: 1. testing blocks; 2. vertical loading equipment; 201. vertically loading a force transmission column; 202. a vertical loading jack; 203. vertically loading a pressure gauge; 3. a horizontal loading device; 301. horizontally loading a force transmission column; 302. horizontally loading a jack; 303. horizontally loading a pressure gauge; 4. a lateral shearing device; 401. a lateral shear force transfer column; 402. a lateral shear jack; 403. a lateral shearing pressure gauge; 5. a wave speed tester; 6. a pressure transmitting plate; 7. a first steel backing plate; 8. a cross beam; 9. a roller row; 10. A wave velocity test receiver; 11. a wave speed test emitter; 12. and a second steel backing plate.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
in order to solve the problem that the relaxation process of the jointed crack of the rock mass cannot be mastered in real time in the test process of the traditional direct shear test device and the test method, the invention provides the jointed rock mass in-situ shear test device and the method for detecting the relaxation process as shown in the figures 1-3.
A jointed rock in-situ shear testing device for detecting a relaxation process comprises a test block 1, a wave velocity tester 5, a vertical loading device 2, a lateral shear device 4, two horizontal loading devices 3 and a cross beam 8, wherein the cross beam 8 is arranged above the test block 1, and the cross beam 8 is connected with the upper surface of the test block 1 through the vertical loading device 2; the periphery of three of the side surfaces of the test block 1 is provided with pressure transmission plates 6, two of the three side surfaces which are parallel to each other are connected with the pressure transmission plates 6 corresponding to the two side surfaces through the horizontal loading device 3, and the rest one side surface is connected with the pressure transmission plate 6 corresponding to the side surface through the lateral shearing device 4; the wave velocity tester 5 detects the wave velocity of the test block 1.
In the invention, the beam 8 has enough strength, and the beam 8 cannot be bent by the reaction force generated by the vertical loading equipment 2, so that the basic condition of vertical loading is ensured. The invention considers the action of lateral pressure, and for the test block 1 in the rock body, the water quality loading device 2 and the horizontal loading device 3 compress the structural surface opened by unloading, thus conforming to the original structure of the test block 1 in the rock body.
The invention carries out wave velocity test through the wave velocity tester, and reduces the stress of the test block 1 to the original occurrence stress, and the invention controls the arbitrary occurrence environment of the simulation test block 1 through the wave velocity test result obtained by the wave velocity tester.
According to the invention, the shear test is carried out on the test block 1 through the lateral shearing equipment 4, the shear strength is obtained, and the relation change of relaxation and wave velocity of the rock mass shear strength in the shearing process is effectively reflected, so that the subsequent engineering design construction is guided. Accurate reference information is provided for subsequent engineering construction, and the safety of the subsequent construction is ensured.
Example 2:
based on the embodiment 1, in this embodiment, preferably, a first steel backing plate 7 and a roller row 9 are sequentially arranged between the vertical loading device 2 and the upper surface of the test block 1, the roller row 9 is flush with the upper surface of the test block 1, the roller row 9 includes a square iron frame and a plurality of steel balls, the steel balls are uniformly distributed in the square iron frame, and the diameter of each steel ball is 3 mm; the contact area of the first steel base plate 7 and the roller row 9 is larger than that of the vertical loading equipment 2 and the first steel base plate 7.
Preferably, the vertical loading device 2 comprises a vertical loading force transfer column 201, a vertical loading jack 202 and a vertical loading pressure gauge 203, the upper end of the vertical loading jack 202 is connected with the cross beam 8 through the vertical loading force transfer column 201, and the lower end of the vertical loading jack 202 is connected with the first steel base plate 7; the vertical loading pressure gauge 203 is arranged on the vertical loading jack 202. When each jack pressurizes the stress surface, the increased pressure can be effectively transmitted through the shaft row 9 and the first steel backing plate 7.
Preferably, a first steel backing plate 7 and a roller row 9 are sequentially arranged between the horizontal loading device 3 and the corresponding side surface of the test block 1, the size of the roller row 9 is the same as that of the first steel backing plate 7, and the roller row 9 is positioned in the middle of the side surface of the test block 1; the two horizontal loading devices 3 have the same structure, each horizontal loading device 3 comprises a horizontal loading force transmission column 301, a horizontal loading jack 302 and a horizontal loading pressure gauge 303, one end of each horizontal loading jack 302 is connected with the first steel base plate 7 through the horizontal loading force transmission column 301, and the other end of each horizontal loading jack 302 is connected with the pressure transmission plate 6; the horizontal loading pressure gauge 303 is arranged on the horizontal loading jack 302.
Preferably, a second steel backing plate 12 is arranged between the horizontal loading jack 302 and the pressure transfer plate 6.
Preferably, the lateral shearing device 4 comprises a lateral shearing force transfer column 401, a lateral shearing jack 402 and a lateral shearing pressure gauge 403, wherein the lateral shearing jack 402 is connected with the lateral shearing force transfer column 401, and the lateral shearing pressure gauge 403 is arranged on the lateral shearing jack 402; a second steel base plate 12 is arranged between the lateral shearing jack 402 and the pressure transmission plate 6, and a first steel base plate 7 is arranged between the lateral shearing force transmission column 401 and one side surface corresponding to the test block 1.
In the invention, each jack is a hydraulic jack; the first steel backing plate 7 and the second steel backing plate 12 are used for increasing the stress area of the jack in work; therefore, the pressure transmission plate 6 is ensured not to be stressed point by point, the stress surface of the test block 1 is not stressed point by point, and the stress area is increased. According to different positions, the first steel base plate 7 and the second steel base plate 12 with different thicknesses and sizes are selected to meet the requirements. The roller row 9 has the function of ensuring that the acting force is vertically loaded when the jack is pressurized, and the phenomenon of force deviation cannot occur.
Preferably, the wave velocity tester 5 at least comprises a host, a wave velocity test receiver 10 and a wave velocity test transmitter 11, wherein the host is in electric signal connection with both the wave velocity test receiver 10 and the wave velocity test transmitter 11; the wave velocity test receiver 10 and the wave velocity test emitter 11 are symmetrically arranged on the upper parts of two side surfaces of the test block 1, wherein one side surface is a side surface connected with the lateral shearing equipment 4.
The wave speed tester 5 of the present invention is the prior art, and the description thereof will not be repeated. The wave velocity tester 5 is used as a measurement device for detecting the relaxation, the wave velocity tester 5 continuously detects the wave velocity of the test block 1 in real time, the original integrity of the test block 1 closest to the original rock-soil coverage condition is simulated under the action of vertical loading and horizontal loading by detecting the wave velocity, and the relaxation process of the test block 1 under the simulation condition is obtained by lateral shear loading according to the recorded recording times and loading load. Therefore, the soil condition of any stratum and any depth can be obtained. And accurate soil layer strength information is provided for subsequent construction or application of soil bodies.
The invention has controllable boundary and monitors the relaxation process of the test block 1 at the rock mass in real time, obtains the integrity degree of the rock mass through the wave velocity test of the rock mass, and further reflects the occurrence environment of the test block 1. The joint relaxation process of the rock mass is determined rapidly and reasonably in foundation and foundation engineering, slope engineering and water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
Example 3:
based on embodiment 1 or 2, in this embodiment, a method for testing in-situ shear of a jointed rock mass in a relaxation process is provided, which includes the following specific steps:
step one, measuring the original wave velocity of a rock body through a wave velocity tester 5 to obtain the original integrity of the rock body, then preparing a test block 1, installing a wave velocity test receiver 10 and a wave velocity test transmitter 11 of the wave velocity tester 5 on the test block 1, and continuously carrying out wave velocity test on the test block 1;
step two, loading the test block 1 for multiple times through the vertical loading equipment 2, wherein the loading load is gradually increased; when the difference between the normal displacements of two consecutive loads is not more than 0.01mm, two horizontal loading devices 3 are used for carrying out horizontal loading for multiple times; when the wave velocity of the test block 1 measured by the wave velocity tester 5 is 5-10% different from the original integrity of the rock mass, the two horizontal loading devices 3 keep a loading state;
thirdly, shearing the test block 1 for multiple times through the lateral shearing equipment 4, wherein the shearing loading load is gradually increased; the test was terminated when the shear deformation reached 10% of the side length of the test piece 1.
In the third step, when the shear deformation does not reach 10% of the side length of the test block 1, the test block 1 is stopped under the condition that the deformation continues to increase and the shear stress cannot increase; when the shear strain did not reach 10% of the side length of the test piece 1, the test was terminated when the shear strain of one of the test pieces increased sharply.
Preferably, the interval between two adjacent loads is at least 5 min.
As shown in fig. 1, the installation sequence at the vertical loading apparatus 2 is: cement mortar is paved on the top of the test block 1, a backing plate is arranged, then the roller row 9, the first steel backing plate 7, the vertical loading jack 202, the vertical loading transmission column 201 and the top backing plate are sequentially arranged on the backing plate, and the top backing plate is in contact connection with the lower surface of the cross beam 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the installation sequence at the horizontal loading apparatus 3 is: and a roller row 9, a first steel base plate 7, a horizontal loading force transmission column 301, a horizontal loading jack 302 and the first steel base plate 7 are sequentially arranged between the stress surface of the test block 1 and the corresponding pressure transmission plate 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the order of installation of the lateral shearing apparatus is: a first steel base plate 7 is placed on the stress surface of the test block 1 (the bottom of the first steel base plate 7 is positioned on the upper edge of the shearing surface), and a lateral shearing force transmission column 401 and a lateral shearing jack 402 are sequentially placed between the first steel base plate 7 and the corresponding pressure transmission plate 6.
The experimental process of the invention is as follows: measuring the wave velocity of the rock mass before the test is started, judging the integrity of the rock mass, then applying the normal load (vertical load) according to the preset gradually increased normal load for multiple times, wherein the time control is adopted for loading, the load is applied once every 5min, the phase shift of a reading method is measured, the reading is measured once after 5min, the wave velocity change of the rock mass is monitored in the loading process, the influence of shearing on the integrity of the rock mass is reflected, and the horizontal load is applied when the difference of the two continuous normal displacements is not more than 0.01mm, the two symmetrical horizontal loads act simultaneously until the difference between the integrity of the rock body reflected by the wave velocity change of the detected rock body and the original integrity is not more than 5-10%, and (3) applying the shear load for multiple times, applying the shear load once every 5min by adopting a time control method, and measuring and reading the readings of the dial indicators before and after each loading. The test is terminated when the shear strain increases sharply or the deformation continues to increase and the shear stress cannot be increased or the shear deformation reaches 10% of the side length of the time. The wave velocity tester 5 continuously detects wave velocity data in real time, and obtains the relaxation process of the rock mass at the test block 1 through the data.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. The device structure and the system method which are not described in detail in the invention are the prior art, and the further description is not provided in the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a joint rock mass normal position shear test device that lax process detected which characterized in that: the device comprises a test block (1), a wave velocity tester (5), a vertical loading device (2), a lateral shearing device (4), two horizontal loading devices (3) and a cross beam (8), wherein the cross beam (8) is arranged above the test block (1), and the cross beam (8) is connected with the upper surface of the test block (1) through the vertical loading device (2); the test block is characterized in that the peripheries of three side surfaces in the side surfaces of the test block (1) are respectively provided with a pressure transmission plate (6), two parallel side surfaces in the three side surfaces are connected with the pressure transmission plates (6) corresponding to the two side surfaces through a horizontal loading device (3), and the rest one side surface is connected with the pressure transmission plate (6) corresponding to the side surface through a lateral shearing device (4); the wave velocity tester (5) detects the wave velocity of the test block (1).
2. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first steel backing plate (7) and a roller row (9) are sequentially arranged between the vertical loading device (2) and the upper surface of the test block (1), the roller row (9) is flush with the upper surface of the test block (1), the roller row (9) comprises a square iron frame and a plurality of steel balls, the steel balls are uniformly distributed in the square iron frame, and the diameter of each steel ball is 3 mm; the contact area between the first steel base plate (7) and the roller row (9) is larger than that between the vertical loading equipment (2) and the first steel base plate (7).
3. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the vertical loading equipment (2) comprises a vertical loading force transfer column (201), a vertical loading jack (202) and a vertical loading pressure gauge (203), wherein the upper end of the vertical loading jack (202) is connected with the cross beam (8) through the vertical loading force transfer column (201), and the lower end of the vertical loading jack (202) is connected with the first steel base plate (7); the vertical loading pressure gauge (203) is arranged on the vertical loading jack (202).
4. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first steel backing plate (7) and a roller row (9) are sequentially arranged between the horizontal loading device (3) and the corresponding side surface of the test block (1), the size of the roller row (9) is the same as that of the first steel backing plate (7), and the roller row (9) is positioned in the middle of the side surface of the test block (1); the two horizontal loading devices (3) have the same structure, each horizontal loading device (3) comprises a horizontal loading force transmission column (301), a horizontal loading jack (302) and a horizontal loading pressure gauge (303), one end of each horizontal loading jack (302) is connected with the first steel base plate (7) through the horizontal loading force transmission column (301), and the other end of each horizontal loading jack (302) is connected with the pressure transmission plate (6); the horizontal loading pressure gauge (303) is arranged on the horizontal loading jack (302).
5. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and a second steel base plate (12) is arranged between the horizontal loading jack (302) and the pressure transfer plate (6).
6. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lateral shearing equipment (4) comprises a lateral shearing force transmission column (401), a lateral shearing jack (402) and a lateral shearing pressure gauge (403), wherein the lateral shearing jack (402) is connected with the lateral shearing force transmission column (401), and the lateral shearing pressure gauge (403) is arranged on the lateral shearing jack (402); a second steel base plate (12) is arranged between the lateral shearing jack (402) and the pressure transfer plate (6), and a first steel base plate (7) is arranged between the lateral shearing force transfer column (401) and one side surface corresponding to the test block (1).
7. The jointed rock in-situ shear test device for detecting the relaxation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wave velocity tester (5) at least comprises a host, a wave velocity test receiver (10) and a wave velocity test transmitter (11), wherein the host is in electric signal connection with the wave velocity test receiver (10) and the wave velocity test transmitter (11); the wave velocity test receiver (10) and the wave velocity test emitter (11) are symmetrically arranged on the upper parts of two side surfaces of the test block (1), and one side surface is a side surface connected with a lateral shearing device (4).
8. A joint rock body in-situ shear test method for relaxation process detection is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, measuring the original wave velocity of a rock mass through a wave velocity tester (5) to obtain the original integrity of the rock mass, then preparing a test block (1), installing a wave velocity test receiver (10) and a wave velocity test transmitter (11) of the wave velocity tester (5) on the test block (1), and continuously testing the wave velocity of the test block (1);
step two, loading the test block (1) for multiple times through the vertical loading equipment (2), wherein the loading load is gradually increased; when the difference between the normal displacements of two continuous loads is not more than 0.01mm, two horizontal loading devices (3) are used for simultaneously carrying out multiple horizontal loads; when the wave velocity of the test block (1) measured by the wave velocity tester (5) is 5-10% different from the original integrity of the rock mass, the two horizontal loading devices (3) keep a loading state;
thirdly, shearing the test block (1) for multiple times through lateral shearing equipment (4), wherein the shearing loading load is gradually increased; the test is terminated when the shear deformation reaches 10% of the side length of the test piece (1).
9. The jointed rock in-situ shear test method for relaxation process detection as claimed in claim 8, wherein: in the third step, when the shear deformation does not reach 10% of the side length of the test block (1), the test block (1) is stopped under the condition that the deformation continues to increase and the shear stress cannot increase; when the shear strain did not reach 10% of the side length of the test piece (1), the test was terminated when the shear strain increased sharply at one of the times.
10. The jointed rock in-situ shear test method for relaxation process detection as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the interval between two adjacent loads is at least 5 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110270905.0A CN113109176B (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | Joint rock mass in-situ shearing test device and method for relaxation process detection |
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| CN114323982A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Load test device and method for providing lateral limit for large main stress |
| CN114858621A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Mud rock on-site direct shear test method and equipment |
| CN116105946A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-12 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Drilling high-pressure air compression test device and test method |
| CN116593323A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-15 | 常州市建筑材料研究所有限公司 | Special detection device of building block brickwork shear strength |
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