CN109163985A - A kind of in-situ testing device and method of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation - Google Patents
A kind of in-situ testing device and method of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109163985A CN109163985A CN201810929869.2A CN201810929869A CN109163985A CN 109163985 A CN109163985 A CN 109163985A CN 201810929869 A CN201810929869 A CN 201810929869A CN 109163985 A CN109163985 A CN 109163985A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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Abstract
The invention discloses the in-situ testing devices and method, country rock region of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation to be cut into a test platform, and shearing rock sample, smooth country rock face and top country rock are provided on country rock；The top in the smooth country rock face is simultaneously provided with horizontal shear box positioned at the side of shearing rock sample；Horizontal shear device is provided between the horizontal shear box and the side wall for shearing rock sample；The lower end surface of the top country rock is provided with vertical load load box, is provided with vertical shear device between the lower end surface and shearing rock sample of the vertical load load box；The horizontal shear device and vertical shear device use identical structure, and power source all uses expansion cement slurry.The innovative self-expanding performance using swelling agent provides load source and carries out live Situ Computation, the expansive force generated using expansion cement slurry, will expand load and pass to live rock sample by the load probe of dumbbell shaped shear rod can measure Shear Strength Index on the specific shear surface of rock mass.
Description
Technical field
The Situ Computation and direct shear test of the present invention relates to rock samples in geotechnical engineering under the conditions of vertical load rock
Device, the in-situ testing device and method of specifically a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation.
Background technique
The shearing test of rock under compression, be obtain under different normal pressures the peak shear strength of rock and
The basic skills of residual strength, and obtain a kind of important means of the shear strength parameter of rock.Therefore, in geotechnical engineering
It has been widely used, and develops different compression-shear testing machines.Common equipment has the large size applied to laboratory test
Direct shear apparatus and small portable direct shear apparatus applied to test in situ.
The equipment of existing interior carry out compression-shear test is complex, bonding, normal direction shearing force including rock sample
Limitation etc. of the loading method to lateral deformation, discontinuity on shear surface influences the accuracy of test result；And due to water
Square to test distance limited by instrument size, direct shear apparatus in the detection process, the size for the shear displacemant that can be tested
Range cannot be provided the cut resistance test data of larger size by larger limitation.
Live Situ Computation is an indispensable test for seeking Rock And Soil actual strength, and shearing specimen size is big, disturbs
Move small, test result has more reliability.Common original position direct shear apparatus is mainly by vertical pressure system, horizontal shear system and number
It is formed according to acquisition system.Since live specimen size is big, the loading capacity that vertical load needed for maintaining sample needs (weighs greatly
Several tons), and must be moved therewith with sample position replacement vertical load, heavy workload is time-consuming and laborious.Therefore, how to facilitate
Quickly the critical issue that accurate and stable vertical load becomes live direct shear test is provided for test process.
Above two mode is difficult for test and provides the vertical pressure of precise constant, and stability is poor in shear history,
Discontinuity on shear surface influences the accuracy of test result；And it is unable to the long-term shear creep of long term monitoring scene rock sample,
Most important is exactly that be monitored cost needed for process excessively high, complicated for operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation in-situ testing device and
Method, the innovative self-expanding performance using swelling agent provide load source and carry out live Situ Computation, utilize swelling water
The expansive force that mud generates will expand load by the load probe of dumbbell shaped shear rod and pass to live rock sample；It is right at the scene
Rock sample to be sheared applies vertical load, makes its destruction by applying horizontal shear again after it is stablized, while it is broken to record rock sample
The shear stress of bad when can measure the Shear Strength Index on the specific shear surface of rock mass.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical characteristic, the object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of test rock sample shearing strength
With the in-situ testing device of long-term creep deformation, it includes the country rock for needing to carry out shearing test, and the country rock region is cut
A test platform is cut out, shearing rock sample, smooth country rock face and top country rock are provided on country rock；The smooth country rock face
Top is simultaneously provided with horizontal shear box positioned at the side of shearing rock sample；It is set between the horizontal shear box and the side wall for shearing rock sample
It is equipped with horizontal shear device；The lower end surface of the top country rock is provided with vertical load load box, and the vertical load loads box
Lower end surface and shearing rock sample between be provided with vertical shear device；The horizontal shear device and vertical shear device use phase
Same structure, power source all use expansion cement slurry.
The country rock selects field rock mass, and is cut into one using cutting equipment and backbreaks test platform, and shape is recessed
The regular hollow cube structure gone.
The section of shear of the shearing rock sample is not less than 2500cm, is highly not less than the 2/3 of side length.
The both sides of the horizontal shear box are fixed with open pore steel plate, and the open pore steel plate is installed by threaded earth anchorage
At the top in smooth country rock face, being locked at the top of threaded earth anchor has nut.
The horizontal shear box uses half-headed rectangular parallelepiped structure.
The horizontal shear device includes the force transmitting board being arranged on horizontal shear box side wall, on the side wall of the force transmitting board
It is connected with transmission rod, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with adjustable butterfly spring, and the other end of the adjustable butterfly spring connects
Dumbbell shaped shear rod is connect, the other end of the dumbbell shaped shear rod is contacted by load probe with the side wall of shearing rock sample.
The vertical shear device includes the force transmitting board that vertical load load box lower end surface is arranged in, the side of the force transmitting board
Be connected with transmission rod on wall, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with adjustable butterfly spring, the adjustable butterfly spring it is another
End connects vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod, the top that the other end of the vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod passes through load probe and shearing rock sample
End in contact.
The expansion cement slurry uses the expanding cement pulp material compared with large dosage, and the expanding cement pulp material is filled in water
The inside of flat shear box and vertical load load box.
The force transmitting board inner wall of the horizontal shear box and horizontal shear device is laid with one layer of asbestos, force transmitting board and expanding cement
One layer of rubber washer is laid between slurry.
The force transmitting board inner wall of the vertical load load box and vertical shear device is laid with one layer of asbestos, force transmitting board and expansion
One layer of rubber washer is laid between cement slurry.
Pressure sensor is installed, each pressure sensor and pressure acquisition processing fill on force transmitting board inner wall center
Set connection；Shear displacemant dial gauge is installed in three axial directions of shearing rock sample, in the top vertical direction of shearing rock sample
Vertical displacement dial gauge is installed.
The test method of test rock sample shearing strength described in any one and the in-situ testing device of long-term creep deformation, packet
Include following steps:
Step1: cleaning country rock: choose the preferable country rock face of lithology, by country rock to be cut weeds and rubble clean out；
Step2: cutting rock sample and test platform: one is taken to backbreak test platform using cutting equipment cutting mill, shape is recessed
The regular hollow cube gone, including shearing rock sample, smooth country rock face and top country rock；
Step3: predetermined level shear box and vertical load load box: welding nothing according to the suitably sized steel plate with larger intensity
The cuboid of top cover is welded with the center opening steel plate of stretching, as horizontal shear box and vertical load on one side steel plate
Load box；
Step4: prefabricated dumbbell shaped shear rod: cut what prefabricated and horizontal shear box was used cooperatively according to the size of horizontal shear box
Force transmitting board, force transmitting board are extend into inside horizontal shear box by uncovered notch, in the biography of force transmitting board center welding certain length
Power bar welds adjustable butterfly spring in the transmission rod other end, in the other end welding load probe of spring；
Step5: prepare asbestos and rubber: being laid with one layer of asbestos in horizontal shear box and vertical load load box interior surface；
Step6: it application pressing force sensor: in force transmitting board center position application pressing force sensor, is connect with pressure acquisition system；
Step7: it pours expansion cement slurry: preparing the expansion cement slurry that bulking agent levels are A%, poured in horizontal shear box swollen
Swollen cement slurry；
Step8: vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod is installed: lives expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in power transmission
One layer of rubber washer is laid between plate and expansion cement slurry；
Step9: installation vertical load load box: by between vertical load load box installation and rock sample and country rock, adjustment is vertical to be added
Carrying probe makes that it is equally loaded, after conserving a period of time to expansion cement slurry, adjusts adjustable butterfly spring and adjusts to expansive force
It is whole, guarantee that the load being applied on rock sample is the design value being further applied load, treats shearing rock sample and apply different Normal stress, benefit
Vertical deformation value is monitored with displacement dial gauge, when continuous two 15min vertical deformations are accumulative is no more than 0.05mm, that is, is thought vertical
Directly deform stable, mountable horizontal shear box；
Step10: it pours expansion cement slurry and horizontal shear box is installed: the expansion cement slurry that bulking agent levels are B% is prepared, in water
Expansion cement slurry is poured in flat shear box, lives expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in force transmitting board and swollen
One layer of rubber washer is laid between swollen cement slurry；Horizontal shear box is placed on the smooth country rock face of rock sample side to be sheared,
In the hole that threaded earth anchor is passed through to open pore steel plate insertion country rock, horizontal shear box is secured with nuts；
Step11: adjustment load probe and load: adjustment horizontal addload probe acts on it on rock sample, according to test level lotus
Design value is carried, horizontal adjustable butterfly spring is adjusted, after the completion of every grade of shear load applies, note vertical deformation amount should be surveyed immediately, cut
Cut load and shear deformation.
Step12: it test: when the shear stress peak value that reaches application or shear-deformable sharply increases or shear-deformable is greater than examination
Part diameter or when elongated 1/10, that is, think failure by shear, termination test；
Step13: processing data: shear stress when rock sample destroys is recorded:
1. the relation curve of shear stress and normal stress is drawn out, it is strong so as to obtain shearing resistance of the rock mass on specific failure mechanics
Spend parameter, that is, internal friction angle and cohesive strength；
2. drawing shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve: shearing strength and normal stress relation curve；
3. using shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve, under the conditions of can determining certain normal stress, on shear breakage
Peak shear strength and residual strength；
4. can be determined on shear surface using shearing strength and normal stress relation curve, the internal friction angle and cohesive strength of rock mass；
5. it is shear-deformable by stable expansion load test rock sample long-term creep, obtain the rock mass internal friction angle under load action
It changes with time rule with cohesive strength.
The method have the advantages that:
1, the utilization expanded agent cement paste of the innovation can produce biggish load, passes through its self-expanding performance and provides load
Source carries out live Situ Computation, is simple and efficient, and the load for solving existing field device applies dynamical problem.
2, expansive force provided by the invention has long-time stability, avoids the stress dropping applied during long term test
And stress relaxation, long-term shear creep can be carried out to live rock sample, show that rock sample intensive parameter changes with time rule, solution
The deficiency of the certainly existing long-term shear creep research of live rock sample.
3, the present invention can measure Shear Strength Index on the specific shear surface of rock mass, draw out shear stress and normal stress
Relation curve, so as to obtain shear strength parameter of the rock mass on specific failure mechanics i.e. internal friction angle and cohesive strength.
4, the load that expansion cement slurry of the present invention generates can be adjusted by adjustable butterfly spring, and guarantee is applied to rock sample
On load be finder charge design value, also guarantee the accuracy being further applied load.
5, this method disturbs live rock sample small, and shear(ing) area is more much bigger than laboratory test, therefore more can compared with laboratory test
Meet native state, the result obtained is more in line with the technical requirements of Practical Project, and stability is good in shear history, shear surface
Upper uniform force, test result have more reliability, and the cost of existing equipment is greatly reduced, easy to operate.
6, can be there are many combination between pressure transmission box body described in the device, such as arrange laterally side by side, it is axial vertical
Arrangement can increase or decrease the quantity of pressure-bearing box as the case may be, regulate and control be further applied load grade, the repeatable benefit of device
With.
7, the device and method can carry out a variety of shearing tests: 1. Shear is tested, 2. shear test, 3. anti-cut test
Deng operation is simple, and at low cost, data measured precision is higher, has extensive practical engineering value and application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention relates to device overall structure diagrams.
Fig. 2 is horizontal shear box schematic detail view involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is earth anchor open pore steel plate schematic detail view involved in the present invention.
In figure: country rock 1, shearing rock sample 2, smooth country rock face 3, horizontal shear box 4, open pore steel plate 5, adjustable butterfly spring 6,
Dumbbell shaped shear rod 7, nut 9, load probe 10, transmission rod 11, force transmitting board 12, expansion cement slurry 13, is erected threaded earth anchor 8
To dumbbell shaped shear rod 14, top country rock 15, vertical load load box 16, asbestos 17, rubber washer 18, pressure sensor 19,
Shear displacemant dial gauge 20, vertical displacement dial gauge 21.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1-3 is please referred to, embodiment 1:
A kind of in-situ testing device of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation, it includes country rock 1 and rock sample to be sheared
2, horizontal shear box 4 is fixed on by smooth country rock face 3 by threaded earth anchor 8, loads box in horizontal shear box 4 and vertical load
16 pour the expansion cement slurry 13 of large dosage swelling agent, and the expansive force of generation passes through the force transmitting board 12 of dumbbell shaped shear rod 7, power transmission
Bar 11, adjustable butterfly spring 6, load probe 10 apply vertical load and horizontal shear load on rock sample 2 to be sheared, and pass through pressure
Data during 20 monitoring test of force snesor 19 and shear displacemant dial gauge, draw out the relationship of shear stress and normal stress
Curve, so as to obtain shear strength parameter of the rock mass on specific failure mechanics i.e. internal friction angle and cohesive strength.
Further, the device can carry out a variety of shearing tests, and 1. Shear is tested: live test specimen is in normal stress
Along the direct shear test of shear surface failure by shear under effect；2. shear test friction test: live test specimen cut after along shear surface after
The shear test of continuous shearing；3. anti-cut test: the direct shear test carried out when normal stress is 0 to examination body.
Further, described when preparing rock sample, if weak structural face or soft rock are disturbed, will seriously affect
Measure achievement.Therefore, disturbance examination body should be strictly prevented during the preparation process, could obtain believable test result.
Further, the shearing surface evenness confrontation cuts intensity and has a major impact the shear surface, it is specified that preparing, and rises and falls
Difference is not more than the 1% ~ 2% of shear direction side length.
Further, the smooth country rock face guarantees the installation of horizontal shear box.
Further, the adjustable butterfly spring can be adjusted expansive force, guarantee the load being applied on rock sample
Accuracy.
Further, the transmission rod uses high-strength rod piece.
Further, the expansion cement slurry is the expanding cement pulp material compared with large dosage, the five of horizontal shear box
Under the conditions of the lateral confinement in a face, volume expands around to be limited, and expansive force pushes force transmitting board to move horizontally, as horizontal shear lotus
It carries.
Further, described to be laid with one layer of asbestos in horizontal shear box, vertical load load box and force transmitting board inner wall, because
A large amount of heat can be discharged during reacting for expansion cement slurry, play thermal insulation effect.
Further, one layer of rubber washer is laid between the force transmitting board and expansion cement slurry, and expansion cement slurry is avoided to release
The heat damages pressure sensor put.
Further, described that pressure sensor is installed on force transmitting board inner wall center, vertical and water can be measured
The flat load being applied on rock sample.
Further, three axial directions in shearing rock sample are equipped with shear displacemant dial gauge, convenient for monitoring
Shift value on shear surface.
Further, can be there are many combination between the device pressure transmission box body, such as laterally multiple arrange side by side
Column, axial vertical multiple arrangements, can increase or decrease the quantity of pressure-bearing box as the case may be, what regulation was further applied load etc.
Grade.
Further, the device is detachable, is used repeatedly.
The present invention utilizes the long-time stability of expansive force, avoids the stress dropping applied during long term test and stress pine
It relaxes, long-term shear creep can be carried out to live rock sample, show that rock sample intensive parameter changes with time rule.
After the completion of every grade of shear load of the present invention applies, note vertical deformation amount, shear load and shear-deformable should be surveyed immediately
Amount.
The present invention it is specified when reach shear stress peak value or it is shear-deformable sharply increase or it is shear-deformable be greater than test specimen diameter (or
It is elongated) 1/10 when, that is, think failure by shear, can termination test.
The main achievement of scene direct shear test of the invention has:
1. shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve: shearing strength and normal stress relation curve.
2. using shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve, under the conditions of can determining certain normal stress, failure by shear
Peak shear strength and residual strength on face.
3. can be determined on shear surface using shearing strength and normal stress relation curve, the internal friction angle and adhesive aggregation of rock mass
Power.
Case study on implementation 2:
The in-situ testing device and method of any one test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
Step1: cleaning country rock: choose the preferable country rock face of lithology, by country rock to be cut weeds and rubble clean out；
Step2: cutting rock sample and test platform: one is taken to backbreak test platform using cutting equipment cutting mill, shape is recessed
The regular hollow cube gone, including shearing rock sample, smooth country rock face and top country rock, rock sample to be sheared having a size of
70cmx70cmx70cm；
Step3: predetermined level shear box and vertical load load box: welding nothing according to the suitably sized steel plate with larger intensity
The cuboid of top cover is welded with the center opening steel plate of stretching, as horizontal shear box and vertical load on one side steel plate
Load box；
Step4: prefabricated dumbbell shaped shear rod: cut what prefabricated and horizontal shear box was used cooperatively according to the size of horizontal shear box
Force transmitting board, force transmitting board can be extend into inside horizontal shear box by uncovered notch, in force transmitting board center welding certain length
Transmission rod welds adjustable butterfly spring in the transmission rod other end, in the other end welding load probe of spring；
Step5: prepare asbestos and rubber: being laid with one layer of asbestos in horizontal shear box and vertical load load box interior surface；
Step6: it application pressing force sensor: in force transmitting board center position application pressing force sensor, is connect with pressure acquisition system；
Step7: it pours expansion cement slurry: preparing the expansion cement slurry that bulking agent levels are A%, poured in horizontal shear box swollen
Swollen cement slurry；
Step8: vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod is installed: lives expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in power transmission
One layer of rubber washer is laid between plate and expansion cement slurry；
Step9: installation vertical load load box: by between vertical load load box installation and rock sample and country rock, adjustment is vertical to be added
Carrying probe makes that it is equally loaded, after conserving a period of time to expansion cement slurry, adjusts adjustable butterfly spring and adjusts to expansive force
It is whole, guarantee that the load being applied on rock sample is the design value being further applied load, treats shearing rock sample and apply different Normal stress, benefit
Vertical deformation value is monitored with displacement dial gauge, when continuous two 15min vertical deformations are accumulative is no more than 0.05mm, that is, is thought vertical
Directly deform stable, mountable horizontal shear box；
Step10: it pours expansion cement slurry and horizontal shear box is installed:: the expansion cement slurry that bulking agent levels are B% is prepared,
Pour expansion cement slurry in horizontal shear box, live expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in force transmitting board and
One layer of rubber washer is laid between expansion cement slurry.Horizontal shear box is placed on to the smooth country rock face of rock sample side to be sheared
On, threaded earth anchor is passed through into open pore steel plate and is inserted into the hole of country rock, horizontal shear box is secured with nuts；
Step11: adjustment load probe and load: adjustment horizontal addload probe acts on it on rock sample, according to test level lotus
Design value is carried, horizontal adjustable butterfly spring is adjusted, after the completion of every grade of shear load applies, note vertical deformation amount should be surveyed immediately, cut
Cut load and shear deformation；
Step12: it test: when the shear stress peak value that reaches application or shear-deformable sharply increases or shear-deformable to be greater than test specimen straight
Diameter (or elongated) 1/10 when, that is, think failure by shear, can termination test；
Step13: processing data: shear stress when rock sample destroys is recorded:
1. the relation curve of shear stress and normal stress is drawn out, it is strong so as to obtain shearing resistance of the rock mass on specific failure mechanics
Spend parameter, that is, internal friction angle and cohesive strength.
2. shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve: shearing strength and normal stress relation curve.
3. using shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve, under the conditions of can determining certain normal stress, failure by shear
Peak shear strength and residual strength on face.
4. can be determined on shear surface using shearing strength and normal stress relation curve, the internal friction angle and adhesive aggregation of rock mass
Power.
5. it is shear-deformable by stable expansion load test rock sample long-term creep, it obtains and rubs in rock mass under load action
Angle and cohesive strength is wiped to change with time rule.
Above-described embodiment is used to illustrate the present invention, rather than limits the invention, in spirit of the invention and
In scope of protection of the claims, to any modifications and changes that the present invention makes, protection scope of the present invention is both fallen within.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation in-situ testing device, feature its be: it include need
The country rock (1) of shearing test is carried out, country rock (1) region is cut into a test platform, is arranged on country rock (1)
There are shearing rock sample (2), smooth country rock face (3) and top country rock (15)；The top of the smooth country rock face (3) is simultaneously located at shearing rock
The side of sample (2) is provided with horizontal shear box (4)；It is provided between the horizontal shear box (4) and the side wall for shearing rock sample (2)
Horizontal shear device；The lower end surface of the top country rock (15) is provided with vertical load load box (16), and the vertical load adds
It carries and is provided with vertical shear device between the lower end surface of box (16) and shearing rock sample (2)；It the horizontal shear device and vertically cuts
Cutting apparatus uses identical structure, and power source all uses expansion cement slurry (13).
2. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the country rock (1) selects field rock mass, and is cut into one using cutting equipment and backbreaks test platform, and shape is
The regular hollow cube structure fallen in.
3. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the section of shear of shearing rock sample (2) is highly not less than the 2/3 of side length not less than 2500cm.
4. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the both sides of the horizontal shear box (4) are fixed with open pore steel plate (5), and the open pore steel plate (5) is by threadedly
Anchor (8) is fixedly mounted on the top of smooth country rock face (3), and being locked at the top of threaded earth anchor (8) has nut (9).
5. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1 or 4,
It is characterized by: the horizontal shear box (4) uses half-headed rectangular parallelepiped structure.
6. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the horizontal shear device includes the force transmitting board (12) being arranged on horizontal shear box (4) side wall, the force transmitting board
(12) it is connected on side wall transmission rod (11), the other end of the transmission rod (11) is connected with adjustable butterfly spring (6), described
The other end of adjustable butterfly spring (6) connects dumbbell shaped shear rod (7), and the other end of the dumbbell shaped shear rod (7) is by adding
It carries probe (10) and is contacted with the side wall for shearing rock sample (2).
7. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the vertical shear device includes force transmitting board of the setting in vertical load load box (16) lower end surface, the power transmission
Transmission rod is connected on the side wall of plate, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with adjustable butterfly spring, the adjustable butterfly spring
The other end connect vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod (14), the other end of the vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod (14) passes through load probe
With the tip contact of shearing rock sample (2).
8. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the expansion cement slurry (13) is filled out using the expanding cement pulp material compared with large dosage, the expanding cement pulp material
Fill the inside in horizontal shear box (4) and vertical load load box (16).
9. the in-situ testing device of a kind of test rock sample shearing strength and long-term creep deformation according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: force transmitting board (12) inner wall of the horizontal shear box (4) and horizontal shear device is laid with one layer of asbestos (14), power transmission
One layer of rubber washer (18) is laid between plate (12) and expansion cement slurry (13)；
Force transmitting board (12) inner wall of vertical load load box (16) and vertical shear device is laid with one layer of asbestos (14), power transmission
One layer of rubber washer (18) is laid between plate (12) and expansion cement slurry (13)；
It is equipped with pressure sensor (19) on force transmitting board (12) the inner wall center, at each pressure sensor and pressure acquisition
Manage device connection；Shear displacemant dial gauge (20) are installed in three axial directions of shearing rock sample (2), in shearing rock sample (2)
Top vertical direction vertical displacement dial gauge (21) are installed.
10. using the in-situ test dress of test rock sample shearing strength described in claim 1-9 any one and long-term creep deformation
The test method set, feature the following steps are included:
Step1: cleaning country rock: choosing the preferable country rock face of lithology, by country rock to be cut (1) weeds and rubble clear up it is dry
Only；
Step2: cutting rock sample and test platform: one is taken to backbreak test platform using cutting equipment cutting mill, shape is recessed
The regular hollow cube gone, including shearing rock sample (2), smooth country rock face (3) and top country rock (15)；
Step3: predetermined level shear box (4) and vertical load load box (16): according to the suitably sized steel with larger intensity
Plate welds half-headed cuboid, is welded with the center opening steel plate of stretching on one side steel plate, as horizontal shear box and
Vertical load loads box；
Step4: prefabricated dumbbell shaped shear rod: make according to the cutting of the size of horizontal shear box is prefabricated with horizontal shear box (3) cooperation
Force transmitting board (12), force transmitting board (12) extend into horizontal shear box (4) inside by uncovered notch, hit exactly in force transmitting board (12)
The heart welds the transmission rod (11) of certain length, adjustable butterfly spring (6) is welded in transmission rod (11) other end, in the another of spring
End welding load probe (10)；
Step5: prepare asbestos and rubber: being laid with one layer of asbestos in horizontal shear box and vertical load load box interior surface；
Step6: it application pressing force sensor: in force transmitting board center position application pressing force sensor, is connect with pressure acquisition system；
Step7: it pours expansion cement slurry: preparing the expansion cement slurry (13) that bulking agent levels are A%, poured in horizontal shear box
Build expansion cement slurry；
Step8: vertical dumbbell shaped shear rod is installed: lives expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in power transmission
One layer of rubber washer is laid between plate and expansion cement slurry；
Step9: installation vertical load load box: by between vertical load load box installation and rock sample and country rock, adjustment is vertical to be added
Carrying probe makes that it is equally loaded, after conserving a period of time to expansion cement slurry, adjusts adjustable butterfly spring and adjusts to expansive force
It is whole, guarantee that the load being applied on rock sample is the design value being further applied load, treats shearing rock sample and apply different Normal stress, benefit
Vertical deformation value is monitored with displacement dial gauge, when continuous two 15min vertical deformations are accumulative is no more than 0.05mm, that is, is thought vertical
Directly deform stable, mountable horizontal shear box；
Step10: it pours expansion cement slurry and horizontal shear box is installed: the expansion cement slurry that bulking agent levels are B% is prepared, in water
Expansion cement slurry is poured in flat shear box, lives expansion cement slurry using force transmitting board pressure dressing after the completion of pouring, and in force transmitting board and swollen
One layer of rubber washer is laid between swollen cement slurry；Horizontal shear box is placed on the smooth country rock face of rock sample side to be sheared,
In the hole that threaded earth anchor is passed through to open pore steel plate insertion country rock, horizontal shear box is secured with nuts；
Step11: adjustment load probe and load: adjustment horizontal addload probe acts on it on rock sample, according to test level lotus
Design value is carried, horizontal adjustable butterfly spring is adjusted, after the completion of every grade of shear load applies, note vertical deformation amount should be surveyed immediately, cut
Cut load and shear deformation；
Step12: it test: when the shear stress peak value that reaches application or shear-deformable sharply increases or shear-deformable to be greater than test specimen straight
Diameter or when elongated 1/10, that is, think failure by shear, termination test；
Step13: processing data: shear stress when rock sample destroys is recorded:
1. the relation curve of shear stress and normal stress is drawn out, it is strong so as to obtain shearing resistance of the rock mass on specific failure mechanics
Spend parameter, that is, internal friction angle and cohesive strength；
2. drawing shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve: shearing strength and normal stress relation curve；
3. using shear stress and shear displacemant relation curve, under the conditions of can determining certain normal stress, on shear breakage
Peak shear strength and residual strength；
4. can be determined on shear surface using shearing strength and normal stress relation curve, the internal friction angle and cohesive strength of rock mass；
5. it is shear-deformable by stable expansion load test rock sample long-term creep, obtain the rock mass internal friction angle under load action
It changes with time rule with cohesive strength.
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