CN113104919A - Solar light-gathering evaporation device based on photo-thermal distillation material and using method thereof - Google Patents
Solar light-gathering evaporation device based on photo-thermal distillation material and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113104919A CN113104919A CN202110399588.2A CN202110399588A CN113104919A CN 113104919 A CN113104919 A CN 113104919A CN 202110399588 A CN202110399588 A CN 202110399588A CN 113104919 A CN113104919 A CN 113104919A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
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Abstract
A solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material and a using method thereof relate to a solar light-gathering evaporation device and a using method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing evaporation desalting device is low in evaporation rate and has no pretreatment procedure. A solar energy light-gathering evaporation plant based on photo-thermal distillation material comprises a pretreatment water tank, a light-gathering evaporation chamber and a fresh water tank; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, filtering and adsorbing pretreatment of water input from the top of a pretreatment water tank through a drawer type filter layer to obtain a pretreated water body; secondly, conveying the pretreated water body into an evaporation cup through a pipeline; thirdly, the pretreated water body in the evaporation cup is absorbed by the photo-thermal distillation material to be heated and evaporated, and the water vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover and slides to the water tank under the action of gravity to be collected. The invention relates to a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar light-gathering evaporation device and a using method thereof.
Background
The fresh water resource available to human beings only accounts for 0.26% of the global water resource, and the problem of water shortage limits the development of many regions. Distillation desalination of natural water, such as seawater, is an effective way to alleviate the problem of water resource shortage, but the traditional natural water desalination method has large energy consumption and generates huge greenhouse gas emission. In addition, some regions cannot provide sufficient power for large-scale traditional natural water desalination. The solar energy which is renewable, green, pollution-free and rich in source is used for distilling and desalinating the natural water body, and the method is a clean and efficient water purifying measure.
The existing evaporation desalination device generally heats a water body directly as a substance for absorbing solar heat, and the problem of low evaporation rate exists because the temperature of the water body is slowly increased. The evaporation chamber generally adopts a sunlight direct irradiation mode to receive light and heat, and the integral evaporation capacity of the device is influenced along with the change of the solar altitude; the device further increases the reflector surface through principles such as reflection of light and the like, so that the light and heat absorbed by the water surface are increased, the complexity of the device is increased by a large number of reflector surfaces, and the rising level of the evaporation rate is still low. In addition, most of the existing evaporation desalination devices do not have a pretreatment process, do not carry out classification treatment on water, even cannot carry out primary treatment on water when the evaporation efficiency is low (no illumination), and are difficult to meet the requirement of basic water use. If the water source is too turbid, pollutants are easy to deposit in the evaporation chamber, which is not beneficial to improving the operation efficiency and the purification performance of the whole system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that an existing evaporation desalting device is low in evaporation rate and free of a pretreatment process, and further provides a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material and a using method thereof.
A solar energy light-gathering evaporation plant based on photo-thermal distillation material comprises a pretreatment water tank, a light-gathering evaporation chamber and a fresh water tank;
the middle part in the pretreatment water tank is provided with a drawer type filter layer;
the light-gathering evaporation chamber consists of a Fresnel lens, a hemispherical glass cover, an evaporation cup, an annular water tank, a photo-thermal distillation material and a heat-insulating layer; the condensation evaporation chamber is sequentially provided with a Fresnel lens, a hemispherical glass cover and an evaporation cup from top to bottom, the evaporation cup is arranged in the middle of the annular water tank, and the annular water tank is in contact with the edge of the hemispherical glass cover;
the lower part of the pretreatment water tank is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup through a pipeline; the photo-thermal distillation material floats on the water body in the evaporation cup; the annular water tank is communicated with the fresh water tank through a pipeline;
the bottom of the pretreatment water tank is positioned on the horizontal plane where the focus of the Fresnel lens is positioned.
A use method of a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, filtering and adsorbing water input from the top of a pretreatment water tank by a drawer type filter layer under the condition that the temperature is 5-40 ℃, wherein the water inlet is discontinuous, the water inlet is stopped when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer in the pretreatment water tank is full, the water inlet is started when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer in the pretreatment water tank is anhydrous, and the single water inlet rate is controlled to be 0.0175L/s-0.0185L/s, so that a pretreated water body is obtained;
secondly, conveying the pretreated water body into an evaporation cup through a pipeline;
and thirdly, sunlight irradiated on the surface of the Fresnel lens is gathered on the upper surface of the photo-thermal distillation material in the evaporation cup, the pretreated water body in the evaporation cup is absorbed by the photo-thermal distillation material to be heated and evaporated, and water vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover and slides to the annular water tank under the action of gravity to be collected, so that the using method of the solar light gathering evaporation device based on the photo-thermal distillation material is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a light-heat distillation material by combining a filtration adsorption pretreatment technology, a light-gathering evaporation technology and a light-heat distillation material technology. The drawer type filter layer pretreats input water, prolongs the service life and the water purification efficiency of the photo-thermal distillation material, adopts the Fresnel lens to gather more sunlight to improve the solar energy utilization rate, adopts the photo-thermal distillation material to absorb more solar heat, can increase the evaporation rate and reduce the treatment cost.
(1) The drinking water standard can be reached after two times of treatment (filtration adsorption and photothermal distillation), and the water quality of the treated water conforms to the sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-;
(2) the lens is adopted for light condensation, and the limitation on parameters enables sunlight with a larger area to be focused on the surface of the photo-thermal distillation material, so that the solar energy utilization rate is improved;
(3) compared with the similar single-slope and double-slope top covers, the semi-spherical distillation device top cover has higher water evaporation capacity.
The invention is strictly limited in device and method, the filtration water inlet rate of the pretreated drawer type filter layer needs to be controlled to be 0.0175L/s-0.0185L/s, so that the filtration adsorption rate of the drawer type filter layer can reach 0.012L/s-0.0125L/s, and when the salinity is 0, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.8kg/m2H; when the salinity is seawater salinity, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.7kg/m2H; when the salinity is 2 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.56kg/m2H; when the salinity is 4 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.45kg/m2·h。
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar energy light-gathering evaporation device based on a photothermal distillation material.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: specifically describing the embodiment with reference to fig. 1, the embodiment is a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on photothermal distillation materials, which comprises a pretreatment water tank 1, a light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 and a fresh water tank 14;
the middle part in the pretreatment water tank 1 is provided with a drawer type filter layer 2;
the light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 consists of a Fresnel lens 7, a hemispherical glass cover 8, an evaporation cup 9, an annular water tank 10, a photo-thermal distillation material 11 and a heat-insulating layer 12; the condensation evaporation chamber 6 is sequentially provided with a Fresnel lens 7, a hemispherical glass cover 8 and an evaporation cup 9 from top to bottom, the evaporation cup 9 is arranged in the middle of an annular water tank 10, and the annular water tank 10 is in contact with the edge of the hemispherical glass cover 8;
the lower part of the pretreatment water tank 1 is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline; the photo-thermal distillation material 11 floats on the water body in the evaporation cup 9; the annular water tank 10 is communicated with a fresh water tank 14 through a pipeline;
the bottom of the pretreatment water tank 1 is positioned on the horizontal plane where the focus of the Fresnel lens 7 is positioned.
This embodiment the bottom of preliminary treatment water tank 1 be located fresnel lens 7 focus place horizontal plane to after guaranteeing that preliminary treatment water tank 1 intakes, open preliminary treatment water valve 4, 9 liquid levels of evaporating cup are not low excessively, and light and heat distillation material 11 can absorb most of the sunlight heat of fresnel lens 7 gathering.
The light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 according to the present embodiment is used for performing photo-thermal distillation on the pretreated water to obtain fresh water, and the fresh water is transported to the fresh water tank 14 through a pipeline.
The drawer type filter layer 2 of the present embodiment can be drawn out layer by layer after drainage to replace the filter element.
The photothermal distillation material 11 of the present embodiment can absorb sunlight upward and can absorb pretreated water downward to heat and evaporate the water.
The annular water tank 10 of this embodiment is detachable, can collect water drops sliding off from the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover, and has an opening channel on the side wall thereof for conveying fresh water to the fresh water tank 14.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
the specific embodiment combines a filtration adsorption pretreatment technology, a light-gathering evaporation technology and a photo-thermal distillation material technology, and provides a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material. The drawer type filter layer 2 pretreats input water, prolongs the service life and the water purification efficiency of the photo-thermal distillation material, adopts the Fresnel lens 7 to gather more sunlight to improve the solar energy utilization rate, adopts the photo-thermal distillation material 11 to absorb more solar heat, can increase the evaporation rate and reduce the treatment cost.
(1) The drinking water standard can be reached after two times of treatment (filtration adsorption and photothermal distillation), and the water quality of the treated water conforms to the sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-;
(2) the lens is adopted for light condensation, and the limitation on parameters enables sunlight with a larger area to be focused on the surface of the photo-thermal distillation material, so that the solar energy utilization rate is improved;
(3) compared with the similar single-slope and double-slope top covers, the semi-spherical distillation device top cover has higher water evaporation capacity.
The water inlet speed of the filtration of the pretreated drawer type filter layer needs to be controlled between 0.0175L/s and 0.0185L/s through strict limitation on the device and the method, so that the filtration and adsorption speed of the drawer type filter layer can reach between 0.012L/s and 0.0125L/s, and when the salinity is 0, the photothermal distillation speed of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.8kg/m2H; when the salinity is seawater salinity, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.7kg/m2H; when the salinity is 2 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.56kg/m2H; when the salinity is 4 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.45kg/m2·h。
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the photo-thermal distillation material 11 is a water absorbing material with a photo-thermal distillation function. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that: the photo-thermal distillation material 11 is a photo-thermal distillation film, photo-thermal distillation hydrogel or photo-thermal distillation foam. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The photo-thermal distillation material of the embodiment can be degradable, has black appearance so as to absorb sunlight, and has abundant pore structures so as to absorb water and transfer heat.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: a pretreatment water tap 3 is arranged on the pretreatment water tank 1; a fresh water faucet 15 is arranged on the fresh water tank 14; the lower part of the pretreatment water tank 1 is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline, and a pretreatment water valve 4 is arranged on the pipeline; the annular water tank 10 is communicated with a fresh water tank 14 through a pipeline, and a fresh water valve 13 is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom of the annular water tank 10 is provided with a water tank bracket. The others are the same as the first to third embodiments.
The pretreated water outlet faucet 3 according to the present embodiment can discharge pretreated water. The fresh water tap 15 can discharge fresh water.
The embodiment is provided with two water outlets, the water after the pretreatment process is discharged can be used for the condition of low requirement on water quality, and the fresh water obtained by photo-thermal distillation can be directly drunk according to the use environment of a user.
The pretreatment water valve 4 of the embodiment controls whether water is input into the condensation evaporation chamber 6.
The fresh water valve 13 of the present embodiment controls whether water is input into the fresh water tank 14; the fresh water valve 13 is provided with a detachable fresh water tank 14.
The water tank support is used for supporting the annular water tank 10, and the annular water tank 10 is in contact with the hemispherical glass cover 8, so that the position of the hemispherical glass cover 8 can be controlled by adjusting the height of the water tank support.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the outer wall and the bottom of the evaporation cup 9 are coated with a heat insulation layer 12, and the heat insulation layer 12 is sequentially made of aluminum foil, PE and pearl wool from outside to inside; the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 12 is 2 mm. The rest is the same as the first to fourth embodiments.
The heat preservation layer 12 of the embodiment coats the outer wall of the evaporation cup 9 and the bottom of the evaporation cup to reduce heat loss.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: a platform 5 is arranged below the pretreatment water tank 1; the pretreatment water tank 1, the light gathering evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14 are arranged on the mobile device 16. The rest is the same as the first to fifth embodiments.
This embodiment the platform 5 steps up the pretreatment water tank 1, and when making the pretreatment water valve open, the liquid level keeps flushing with pretreatment water tank 1 liquid level in the evaporation cup 9, prevents that the water level from crossing excessively.
This embodiment purifier bottom increases the mobile unit, is convenient for remove.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment differs from the first to sixth embodiments in that: the moving device 16 comprises a supporting bottom plate 17, a partition plate 18 and rollers 19; the pretreatment water tank 1, the condensation evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14 are arranged on a support bottom plate 17, a partition plate 18 is arranged between the condensation evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14, and rollers 19 are arranged at the bottom of the support bottom plate 17. The others are the same as the first to sixth embodiments.
The partition 18 of the present embodiment separates the fresh water tank 14 to facilitate the removal and attachment of other devices, so that the whole can be regarded as a complete water purification system when the fresh water tank is removed.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: the pretreatment water tank 1 is made of LDPE; the light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 is made of environment-friendly PET plastic; the evaporation cup 9 is made of environment-friendly PET plastic; the fresh water tank 14 is made of LDPE; the Fresnel lens 7 is made of acrylic; the hemispherical glass cover 8 is made of quartz glass; the diameter of the hemispherical glass cover 8 is the same as that of the Fresnel lens 7. The rest is the same as the first to seventh embodiments.
In the embodiment, the quartz glass is used as the top cover material of the distillation device, so that the distillation device has good hydrophilicity and can accelerate the collection of fresh water.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: the drawer type filter layer 2 is a three-layer filter element, the first layer is active carbon particles from top to bottom, and the diameter is 1 mm-2 mm; the second layer is calcium sulfite particles with the diameter of 4.5 mm-5.5 mm; the third layer is ion exchange resin with the diameter of 0.315-0.5 mm. The other points are the same as those in the first to eighth embodiments.
The filter layer of the embodiment adsorbs partial impurities, can filter and adsorb pigment, insoluble substances, toxic substances and the like in water, and realizes primary treatment on the water.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: a use method of a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, under the condition that the temperature is 5-40 ℃, water input from the top of a pretreatment water tank 1 is filtered by a drawer type filter layer 2 and is subjected to adsorption pretreatment, water inlet is discontinuous, water inlet is stopped when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer 2 in the pretreatment water tank 1 is full, water inlet is started when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer 2 in the pretreatment water tank 1 is anhydrous, and the single water inlet rate is controlled to be 0.0175L/s-0.0185L/s, so that a pretreated water body is obtained;
secondly, conveying the pretreated water body into an evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline;
and thirdly, sunlight irradiated on the surface of the Fresnel lens 7 is gathered on the upper surface of a photo-thermal distillation material 11 in the evaporation cup 9, the pretreated water body in the evaporation cup 9 is absorbed by the photo-thermal distillation material 11 and is heated and evaporated, and water vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover 8 and slides to an annular water tank 10 under the action of gravity to be collected, so that the using method of the solar energy gathering and evaporating device based on the photo-thermal distillation material is completed.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a solar energy condensation evaporation plant based on photo-thermal distillation material, it includes preconditioning water tank 1, condensation evaporation chamber 6 and fresh water tank 14;
the middle part in the pretreatment water tank 1 is provided with a drawer type filter layer 2;
the light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 consists of a Fresnel lens 7, a hemispherical glass cover 8, an evaporation cup 9, an annular water tank 10, a photo-thermal distillation material 11 and a heat-insulating layer 12; the condensation evaporation chamber 6 is sequentially provided with a Fresnel lens 7, a hemispherical glass cover 8 and an evaporation cup 9 from top to bottom, the evaporation cup 9 is arranged in the middle of an annular water tank 10, and the annular water tank 10 is in contact with the edge of the hemispherical glass cover 8;
the lower part of the pretreatment water tank 1 is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline; the photo-thermal distillation material 11 floats on the water body in the evaporation cup 9; the annular water tank 10 is communicated with a fresh water tank 14 through a pipeline;
the bottom of the pretreatment water tank 1 is positioned on the horizontal plane where the focus of the Fresnel lens 7 is positioned.
A pretreatment water tap 3 is arranged on the pretreatment water tank 1; a fresh water faucet 15 is arranged on the fresh water tank 14; the lower part of the pretreatment water tank 1 is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline, and a pretreatment water valve 4 is arranged on the pipeline; the annular water tank 10 is communicated with a fresh water tank 14 through a pipeline, and a fresh water valve 13 is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom of the annular water tank 10 is provided with a water tank bracket.
The outer wall and the bottom of the evaporation cup 9 are coated with a heat insulation layer 12, and the heat insulation layer 12 is sequentially made of aluminum foil, PE and pearl wool from outside to inside; the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 12 is 2 mm.
A platform 5 is arranged below the pretreatment water tank 1; the pretreatment water tank 1, the light gathering evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14 are arranged on the mobile device 16.
The moving device 16 comprises a supporting bottom plate 17, a partition plate 18 and rollers 19; the pretreatment water tank 1, the condensation evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14 are arranged on a support bottom plate 17, a partition plate 18 is arranged between the condensation evaporation chamber 6 and the fresh water tank 14, and rollers 19 are arranged at the bottom of the support bottom plate 17.
The pretreatment water tank 1 is made of LDPE and has the size of 600mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 580 mm; the light-gathering evaporation chamber 6 is made of environment-friendly PET plastic, the diameter of the bottom surface of the light-gathering evaporation chamber is 110mm, and the height of the light-gathering evaporation chamber is 200 mm; the evaporation cup 9 is made of environment-friendly PET plastic, the diameter of the bottom surface of the evaporation cup is 68mm, and the height of the evaporation cup is 100 mm; the fresh water tank 14 is made of LDPE and has the size of 600mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 580 mm; the Fresnel lens 7 is made of acrylic, the focal length is 180mm, and the diameter is 110 mm; the hemispherical glass cover 8 is made of quartz glass; the diameter of the hemispherical glass cover 8 is the same as that of the Fresnel lens 7.
The drawer type filter layer 2 is a three-layer filter element, the first layer is active carbon particles from top to bottom, and the diameter is 1 mm-2 mm; the second layer is calcium sulfite particles with the diameter of 4.5 mm-5.5 mm; the third layer is ion exchange resin with the diameter of 0.315-0.5 mm.
A use method of a solar light-gathering evaporation device based on a photo-thermal distillation material is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, water input from the top of a pretreatment water tank 1 is filtered and adsorbed by a drawer type filter layer 2 for pretreatment at room temperature, water inflow is discontinuous, water inflow is stopped when the space below the drawer type filter layer 2 in the pretreatment water tank 1 is full, water inflow is started when the space below the drawer type filter layer 2 in the pretreatment water tank 1 is anhydrous, and the single water inflow rate is controlled to be 0.0175L/s-0.0185L/s, so that a pretreated water body is obtained;
secondly, conveying the pretreated water body into an evaporation cup 9 through a pipeline;
and thirdly, sunlight irradiated on the surface of the Fresnel lens 7 is gathered on the upper surface of a photo-thermal distillation material 11 in the evaporation cup 9, the pretreated water body in the evaporation cup 9 is absorbed by the photo-thermal distillation material 11 and is heated and evaporated, and water vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover 8 and slides to an annular water tank 10 under the action of gravity to be collected, so that the using method of the solar energy gathering and evaporating device based on the photo-thermal distillation material is completed.
The photothermal distillation material 11 is a reduced graphene oxide film, and the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing reduced graphene oxide powder to obtain a reduced graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/mL, performing vacuum filtration on 4mL of the reduced graphene oxide aqueous solution to a substrate of PVDF to prepare a light absorber to obtain a filtered film, taking down the filtered film, placing the film in an electric heating constant-temperature air blast oven, and drying for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the reduced graphene oxide film: the PVDF substrate has a diameter of 66 mm.
The filtration and adsorption rate of the drawer type filter layer pretreatment of the embodiment can reach 0.012L/s-0.0125L/s.
The intensity of sunlight illumination is 1000W/m2Treating different water bodies under the conditions of (1):
photothermal distillation of photothermal distillation material with salinity of 0The distillation rate can reach 1.8kg/m2·h；
When the salinity is seawater salinity, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.7kg/m2·h；
When the salinity is 2 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.56kg/m2·h；
When the salinity is 4 times of the salinity of the seawater, the photothermal distillation rate of the photothermal distillation material can reach 1.45kg/m2·h。
The water quality of the treated water conforms to the sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-.
Claims (10)
1. A solar energy light-gathering evaporation plant based on photo-thermal distillation materials is characterized by comprising a pretreatment water tank (1), a light-gathering evaporation chamber (6) and a fresh water tank (14);
the middle part in the pretreatment water tank (1) is provided with a drawer type filter layer (2);
the light-gathering evaporation chamber (6) consists of a Fresnel lens (7), a hemispherical glass cover (8), an evaporation cup (9), an annular water tank (10), a photo-thermal distillation material (11) and an insulating layer (12); the condensation evaporation chamber (6) is sequentially provided with a Fresnel lens (7), a hemispherical glass cover (8) and an evaporation cup (9) from top to bottom, the evaporation cup (9) is arranged in the middle of an annular water tank (10), and the annular water tank (10) is in contact with the edge of the hemispherical glass cover (8);
the lower part of the pretreatment water tank (1) is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup (9) through a pipeline; the photo-thermal distillation material (11) floats on the water body in the evaporation cup (9); the annular water tank (10) is communicated with the fresh water tank (14) through a pipeline;
the bottom of the pretreatment water tank (1) is positioned on the horizontal plane where the focus of the Fresnel lens (7) is positioned.
2. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating apparatus based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said photothermal distillation material (11) is a water absorbing material with photothermal distillation function.
3. The solar concentrator evaporation device based on photothermal distillation material according to claim 2, wherein the photothermal distillation material (11) is a photothermal distillation film, a photothermal distillation hydrogel or a photothermal distillation foam.
4. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment water tank (1) is provided with a pretreatment water tap (3); a fresh water faucet (15) is arranged on the fresh water tank (14); the lower part of the pretreatment water tank (1) is communicated with the lower part of the evaporation cup (9) through a pipeline, and a pretreatment water valve (4) is arranged on the pipeline; the annular water tank (10) is communicated with a fresh water tank (14) through a pipeline, and a fresh water valve (13) is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom of the annular water tank (10) is provided with a water tank bracket.
5. The solar energy concentrating evaporation device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall and bottom of the evaporation cup (9) is coated with an insulating layer (12), the insulating layer (12) is sequentially aluminum foil, PE and pearl wool from outside to inside; the thickness of the heat-insulating layer (12) is 2 mm.
6. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein a platform (5) is arranged below the pretreatment water tank (1); the pretreatment water tank (1), the light gathering evaporation chamber (6) and the fresh water tank (14) are arranged on the mobile device (16).
7. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 6, wherein said moving means (16) comprises a supporting base plate (17), a partition plate (18) and rollers (19); the pretreatment water tank (1), the condensation evaporation chamber (6) and the fresh water tank (14) are arranged on a supporting bottom plate (17), a partition plate (18) is arranged between the condensation evaporation chamber (6) and the fresh water tank (14), and rollers (19) are arranged at the bottom of the supporting bottom plate (17).
8. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the pretreatment water tank (1) is LDPE; the light-gathering evaporation chamber (6) is made of environment-friendly PET plastic; the evaporation cup (9) is made of environment-friendly PET plastic; the fresh water tank (14) is made of LDPE; the Fresnel lens (7) is made of acrylic; the hemispherical glass cover (8) is made of quartz glass; the diameter of the hemispherical glass cover (8) is the same as that of the Fresnel lens (7).
9. The solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drawer type filter layer (2) is a three-layer filter element, the first layer from top to bottom is activated carbon particles, and the diameter is 1 mm-2 mm; the second layer is calcium sulfite particles with the diameter of 4.5 mm-5.5 mm; the third layer is ion exchange resin with the diameter of 0.315-0.5 mm.
10. The method for using the solar energy concentrating and evaporating device based on the photothermal distillation material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, under the condition that the temperature is 5-40 ℃, water input from the top of a pretreatment water tank (1) is filtered and adsorbed by a drawer type filter layer (2) for pretreatment, water inlet is discontinuous, water inlet is stopped when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer (2) in the pretreatment water tank (1) is full, water inlet is started when the lower space of the drawer type filter layer (2) in the pretreatment water tank (1) is free of water, and the single water inlet rate is controlled to be 0.0175L/s-0.0185L/s, so that a pretreated water body is obtained;
secondly, conveying the pretreated water body into an evaporation cup (9) through a pipeline;
thirdly, sunlight irradiated on the surface of the Fresnel lens (7) is gathered on the upper surface of a photo-thermal distillation material (11) in the evaporation cup (9), a pretreated water body in the evaporation cup (9) is absorbed by the photo-thermal distillation material (11) to be heated and evaporated, water vapor is condensed on the inner surface of the hemispherical glass cover (8), slides to the annular water tank (10) under the action of gravity and is collected, and then the using method of the solar light gathering and evaporating device based on the photo-thermal distillation material is completed.
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