CN109292869B - Solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application - Google Patents
Solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109292869B CN109292869B CN201811184000.6A CN201811184000A CN109292869B CN 109292869 B CN109292869 B CN 109292869B CN 201811184000 A CN201811184000 A CN 201811184000A CN 109292869 B CN109292869 B CN 109292869B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application thereof, wherein the device comprises: a container for storing seawater; the heat insulation block is clamped on the inner wall of the container; the water absorbing material is arranged on the heat insulation block; a black light absorbing material adsorbed on the water absorbing material; and a water absorbing mechanism for delivering seawater to the water absorbing material. The device can improve the rate of solar seawater desalination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar seawater desalination, and particularly relates to a solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of social industry and agriculture and the dramatic increase of population, people increasingly demand water resources. Meanwhile, the problem of water pollution is more serious, so that clean and safe fresh water resources which are scarce originally are further lacked.
At present, the effective methods for solving the problem of shortage of fresh water resources are seawater desalination, long-distance water delivery and the recycling of water resources (sewage and wastewater). Compared with the other two methods, seawater desalination can provide sufficient water quantity and high-quality water quality, and is adopted by more and more countries in recent years.
The traditional seawater desalination method can be mainly divided into a phase-change method and a non-phase-change method, and specifically mainly comprises a multistage flash evaporation method, a reverse osmosis method, an electrodialysis method and the like. Unfortunately, these methods all have a common disadvantage, which is significant energy consumption. In the present day of shortage of fossil fuel supply, rising of energy price and continuous deterioration of environmental quality, the production of clean water by using novel clean renewable energy becomes an important research and development direction.
By analyzing and comparing the distribution of solar energy in the world, it can be found that water-deficient areas generally have more abundant solar energy resources, so that the desalination of seawater by using solar energy becomes one of important means for solving the problem of water resource shortage under the water crisis and environmental pollution predicament.
The conventional solar seawater desalination method converts solar energy into heat energy or electric energy, promotes water evaporation by heating the whole water, and needs to consume a large amount of energy. Research shows that evaporation is a surface process, which only occurs at the interface of air and water, and the same water evaporation effect can be achieved by only heating surface water, so that energy can be greatly saved. If light directly irradiates the water surface and is reflected or refracted, the utilization rate of solar energy is obviously reduced, and if a layer of efficient light absorption material is added at a gas-liquid interface, the utilization rate of solar energy can be obviously improved, so that the surface evaporation process is accelerated. At present, how to improve the speed of gas-liquid interface heating solar seawater desalination becomes a hot point of research at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and the solar seawater desalination device is used for improving the rate of solar seawater desalination.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating comprises:
a container for storing seawater;
the heat insulation block is clamped on the inner wall of the container;
the water absorbing material is arranged on the heat insulation block;
a black light absorbing material adsorbed on the water absorbing material;
and a water absorbing mechanism for delivering seawater to the water absorbing material.
According to the invention, through designing the structure of the device, when sunlight irradiates on the black light absorption material, the strong light absorption property of the black light absorption material is utilized to convert light energy into heat energy; meanwhile, the evaporation surface and the water body are integrally separated by the heat insulation block, and the heat insulation block can effectively prevent heat from being transferred into the water body below; the water absorbing mechanism is used as a water delivery channel to deliver seawater to the water absorbing material. According to the principle of gas-liquid interface heating, absorbed interface water is heated by utilizing the heat energy converted from solar energy, and the total amount m of the interface water is very small, so that the temperature of the interface water can be rapidly increased according to the formula Q-cm delta t, and the evaporation speed of the interface water is greatly increased.
The heat insulation block is a foam block or a sponge block.
Preferably, the insulation block is an interference fit on the inner wall of the container. The heat insulation blocks can be fixed at a specific height, so that the illumination height of the interface water and sunlight is guaranteed to be fixed, and the illumination stability is realized.
The water absorbing material is dust-free paper.
The dust-free paper is coated on the heat insulation block.
The black light absorption material is selected from carbon black powder and black TiOxPowder or black MoS2And (3) powder.
The black light absorption material is absorbed on the water absorption material in a suction filtration, spraying or spin coating mode.
The water absorption mechanism is an alcohol wick penetrating through the heat insulation block; one end of the alcohol wick is connected with the water absorption material, and the other end of the alcohol wick is in contact with the seawater. The alcohol wick can be for the material that absorbs water carries the sea water, after the interfacial water evaporation, further provide power for the alcohol wick carries bottom sea water again, thereby the existence of alcohol wick can also avoid making the surface of water drop to the material that absorbs water when certain degree when the water evaporation because water can not continue to carry to the surface thereby the condition that leads to the device can not continuous work takes place.
The invention also provides application of the device in analysis of the photo-thermal conversion performance of the black light absorption material. When the device is used for desalting the seawater by solar energy, the illumination height of interfacial water and sunlight is fixed, and the intensity of a light source and the illumination time can be controlled, so that the photo-thermal conversion performance of a newly developed black light absorption material can be quantitatively researched under the condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device provided by the invention can further improve the rate of solar seawater desalination by structural design.
(2) The alcohol wick is arranged in the device, so that the situation that the device cannot work continuously due to the fact that water cannot be conveyed to the surface continuously when the water is evaporated to a certain degree and the water surface is lowered below the water absorbing material can be avoided.
(3) The device of the invention can control the illumination height of interface water and sunlight, and can quantitatively research the photo-thermal conversion performance of a newly developed black light absorption material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar seawater desalination plant in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the apparatus preparation in the example;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the evaporation amount with time of illumination for three conditions in the example;
FIG. 4 is an infrared photograph of three conditions in the example.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the solar seawater desalination device comprises a container 5, a water absorbing material 2, a heat insulation block 3, an alcohol wick 4 and a black light absorbing material 1. The container 5 is a cylinder with an open top, the bottom is filled with seawater or artificial seawater to wait for the evaporation of the liquid 6, and the container 5 can be a cylindrical transparent glass cup.
As shown in fig. 2, the black light absorbing material 1 may be adsorbed on the water absorbing material 2 by spin coating, spray coating, or suction filtration, the water absorbing material 2 may be dust-free paper, and the black light absorbing material 1 is formed into a certain shape, preferably a circular shape. The black light absorbing material 1 is selected from carbon black powder and black TiOxPowder or black MoS2And (3) powder. One end of the alcohol wick 4 penetrates through the heat insulation block 3, and the heat insulation block 3 can be a sponge block or a foam block. And then the water absorbing material 2 absorbing the black light absorbing material 1 is coated on the heat insulation block 3, so that the black light absorbing material 1 is positioned at the position where the top can be illuminated. Finally, the whole is put into a container 5, the heat insulation block 3 can be in interference fit with the inner wall of the container 5, and the other end of the alcohol wick 4 is inserted into the liquid 6 to be evaporated.
The following is a description by way of specific application examples:
working condition 1: 120ml of artificial seawater was placed in a cylindrical transparent glass with a diameter of 4.8cm under 5.5 simulated light source illumination intensity without any additional treatment. And recording the mass change of the experimental object within 1h, and calculating to obtain the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater. The environmental temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 40%, and the artificial seawater temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃.
Working condition 2: 120ml of artificial seawater was placed in a cylindrical transparent glass having a diameter of 4.8cm under irradiation of 5.5 simulated light sources of solar light intensity, and 13.4mg of hydrophobized carbon black powder was charged. And recording the mass change of the experimental object within 1h, and calculating to obtain the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater. The environmental temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 40%, and the artificial seawater temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃.
Working condition 3: under the irradiation of 5.5 simulated light sources with sunlight intensity, 120ml of artificial seawater is placed in a cylindrical transparent glass cup with the diameter of 4.8cm, 13.4mg of carbon black powder is filtered on dust-free paper in a suction way and placed on a foam block, and water is conveyed to the carbon black powder by using an alcohol wick as a water conveying channel. And recording the mass change of the experimental object within 1h, and calculating to obtain the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater. The environmental temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 40%, and the artificial seawater temperature is 25 +/-1 ℃.
And (4) analyzing results:
as can be seen from FIG. 3, the change of the evaporation amount of water with the illumination time under the three working conditions conforms to the zero order kinetic equation. Under the working condition 1, the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater is 0.40 kg.m-2·h-1(ii) a Working condition 2, the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater is 0.91 kg.m-2·h-1(ii) a Working condition 3, the evaporation rate of the artificial seawater is 4.66 kg.m-2·h-111.65 times of the working condition 1 and 5.12 times of the working condition 2.
The above experimental results can further illustrate how the importance of the state of "interface heating" for the solar-driven interface heating distillation technology is to utilize this characteristic, which is one of the key factors for increasing the water distillation rate.
The reason for this is further illustrated by comparing the temperature at the gas-liquid interface (ir photograph) after 1 hour of light exposure for the three conditions, as shown in fig. 4. It is obvious from the figure that the temperature of the gas-liquid interface of the device can reach 66.1 ℃, and is respectively 26 ℃ and 8.7 ℃ higher than that of the working condition 1 and the working condition 2.
Claims (4)
1. A solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating is characterized by comprising:
a container for storing seawater;
the heat insulation block is clamped on the inner wall of the container;
the water absorbing material is arranged on the heat insulation block;
a black light absorbing material adsorbed on the water absorbing material;
and a water absorbing mechanism for delivering seawater to the water absorbing material;
the heat insulation block is in interference fit with the inner wall of the container;
the water absorption material is dust-free paper;
the dust-free paper is coated on the heat insulation block;
the water absorption mechanism is an alcohol wick penetrating through the heat insulation block; one end of the alcohol wick is connected with the water absorbing material, and the other end of the alcohol wick is contacted with seawater;
an air interlayer is arranged between the heat insulation block and the seawater to be evaporated at the lower part, and the heat insulation block is a sponge block.
2. The solar seawater desalination plant based on gas-liquid interface heating of claim 1, wherein the black light absorbing material is selected from carbon black powder, black TiO powderxPowder or black MoS2And (3) powder.
3. The solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating of claim 1, wherein the black light absorbing material is adsorbed on the water absorbing material by suction filtration, spraying or spin coating.
4. Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for analyzing the photothermal conversion performance of a black light absorbing material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811184000.6A CN109292869B (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | Solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application |
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| CN201811184000.6A CN109292869B (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | Solar seawater desalination device based on gas-liquid interface heating and application |
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| CN109292869A CN109292869A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109292869B true CN109292869B (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110873473A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-10 | 云南大学 | Photo-thermal conversion material, preparation method thereof and solar photo-thermal conversion device |
| CN111994985A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with water storage and condensation functions |
| CN112759019A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-07 | 东南大学 | Sawdust pressure sheet material suitable for seawater desalination, preparation method and seawater desalination device |
| CN112794389B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | Double-mechanism salt-tolerant seawater desalination device and application thereof |
| CN113247980B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-11-01 | 华南理工大学 | Composite photothermal conversion material based on shaddock peel, and preparation and application thereof |
| CN114409003A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Solar-driven salt extraction evaporator |
| CN114684881A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-01 | 浙江大学 | Method for utilizing activated persulfate to reduce VOCs entering photo-thermal distillation condensation to desalinate water |
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| WO2015189705A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-17 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Hydrophobic photothermal membranes, devices including the hydrophobic photothermal membranes, and methods for solar desalination |
| CN205717132U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-11-23 | 南京纳清建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of device producing steam based on photothermal deformation |
| CN108275737A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-13 | 浙江大学 | A method of it is desalinized seawater based on gas-liquid interface heating |
| CN108569811A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-25 | 清华大学 | The device of sewage purification is carried out using solar energy based on optical-thermal conversion material |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| WO2015189705A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-17 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Hydrophobic photothermal membranes, devices including the hydrophobic photothermal membranes, and methods for solar desalination |
| CN205717132U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-11-23 | 南京纳清建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of device producing steam based on photothermal deformation |
| CN108275737A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-13 | 浙江大学 | A method of it is desalinized seawater based on gas-liquid interface heating |
| CN108569811A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-25 | 清华大学 | The device of sewage purification is carried out using solar energy based on optical-thermal conversion material |
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Inventor after: Ye Miaomiao Inventor after: Chen Rong Inventor after: Zhang Tuqiao Inventor after: Wang Xun Inventor before: Ye Miaomiao Inventor before: Wang Xun Inventor before: Zhang Tuqiao Inventor before: Chen Rong |
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